Abstract: A high impulse, non-detonable solid propellant grain is prepared from a cd detonable proepllant composition having a small critical diameter of less than one inch and an uncured detonable propellant composition having a large critical diameter of several inches. The method of preparation comprises grinding or cutting the cured detonable propellant composition into granules less than its critical diameter in any direction. An uncured propellant composition, in a predetermined amount of les than its critical diameter, is prepared, and the granules of the cured propellant are added and blended with the uncured propellant composition (which serves as the propellant binder) to form a homogeneous propellant blend. The homogeneous propellant blend is cured to yield a high impulse, non-detonable solid propellant grain having a critical diameter less than the critical diameter of the uncured propellant composition.

Abstract: Method for producing novel deterred granular nitrocellulose propellant powder compositions having a stable burn rate gradient. The invention comprises coating nitrocellulose propellant granules with a minor amount by weight of a polycaprolactone polymer which is soluble in nitrocellulose under conditions which cause the polymer to be gradually dissolved into the granules to produce maximum burn deterrence at the surface of the granules which gradually decreases inwardly therefrom to produce a desired burn rate gradient in the granules.

Abstract: A method of constructing a swimming pool by laying a concrete shell of 80 mm thickness without any substantial reinforcement. A glass reinforced plastic of 5 mm thickness is then laid over the concrete once the concrete has cured. This particular combination between the fiberglass and the concrete shell allows the shell to crack and move in relation to the reinforced plastic layer, without transmitting any stresses to the reinforced plastic layer. This results in a pool which allows any stresses due to soil subsidence, movement, etc. to be transmitted to the concrete shell and not the reinforced plastic layer thereby leaving the plastic layer free of cracks.

Abstract: Particulate ammonium nitrate for use as an oxidizer in solid propellants or xplosives is, according to a first alternative, produced in that a solid mixture of ammonium nitrate with phase stabilizers, e.g. metal oxides is melted in several small batches housed in spatially separate manner and reactively reacted, the melts of the individual batches are successively atomized by drawing off and the mixture is supplied cyclically to all the batches, the melt particles being solidified in a cooling gas sinking stream. According to another alternative, initially a phase-stabilizing additive in the form of a metalamine complex is reacted in the aqueous phase from metal nitrate and ammonia, dried and mixed with solid ammonium nitrate, the mixture is melted and then atomized by drawing off. In addition, both processes can be combined.

Abstract: To pour and set concrete slabs the form deck is chained to a light truck and the combination is supported between joists. The truck can be lowered while the slab is curing, and raised again before the combination is again lowered to be "flown" to another location.

Abstract: An annular bayonet vacuum cup allows a vacuum to be pulled on an annular bayonet and the bayonet to be filled with propellant that is devoid of air. The vacuum cup is transparent/translucent and allows the propellant to be seen as it leaves the exit end of the bayonet. This alerts an operator to cut off the vacuum pressure thereby to keep the excess of propellant flow to a minimum, which excess drops into the vacuum cup and is prevented from contaminating the vacuum line. The vacuum cup is disposable (an O-ring sealing ring being reusable) and eliminates propellant clean-up.

Abstract: A form structure for making a primary concrete covering wall on the surface of the wall of a tunnel which extends behind a shield type tunnel excavator advanced, wherein a form structure for casting concrete to make the covering wall is assembled with a plurality of arcuate form assemblies respectively including form segments and timbering members for reinforcing the cast and set concrete. The form segments of each assembly are detachably coupled to the timbering members. The form structure is disassembled after the cast concrete is set by detaching the form segments of the respective assemblies from the timbering members to leave the members on the primary covering wall of the set concrete, whereby the primary covering wall can be held in stable state simultaneously with completion of the primary covering wall on the tunnel wall surface.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing a multi-phase emulsion explosive from a liquid organic fuel medium and an immiscible liquid oxidizer comprises a mixing chamber, flow constrictor means for introducing the liquid oxidizer as an emergent turbulent jet to said chamber and causing formation of droplets of said oxidizer in situ within the chamber, means for introducing the fuel medium to said chamber so that the fuel introduced thereby contacts and stabilizes the droplets of oxidizer solution as they are formed to maintain same as discrete droplets of oxidizer liquid and thereby provide an emulsion suitable for use as the basis for an explosive system.

Abstract: A method to extract and recover plasticizers and their stabilizers from solid propellants, explosives, and pyrotechnics (PEP source compositions) employs near critical liquid (NCL) or supercritical fluid (SCF) CO.sub.2 as the solvent. The extraction and ingredient recovery method provides an environmentally acceptable alternative to traditional open burning and destruction of PEP source compositions. CO.sub.2 solvent is nontoxic, nonflammable, noncorrosive, inexpensive, and does not generate any additional toxic or hazardous wastes. The solvent is totally inert when it is confined, pressurized, and possibly heated in direct contact with an energetic propellant or munition within a rocket motor or similar pressure vessel. CO.sub.2 readily undergoes a gas-to-liquid phase change to NCL conditions when confined and compressed to a pressure of 831 psig or greater at ambient temperature. By further increasing the pressure and temperature of NCL CO.sub.2 to 1058 psig and 31.3.degree. C.

Abstract: A method for preparing free-flowing, particulate fuel components for use in solid propellant systems, which comprises dispersing fine-sized solid fuels in a latex of a polymer or polymer mixture, and spray drying the resultant dispersion.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method of producing pyrotechnical charges by mixing and granulating the included components in water, a considerable advantage from the point of view of safety. The method according to the invention also makes it possible to vary the percentage concentration of the included components so that the obtained pyrotechnical charges can either be used as delay charges or as ignition charges. Since, moreover, an acrylate binder is included, they will obtain superior mechanical strength properties.

Abstract: A prestressed concrete tank includes a pair of generally parallel, laterally spaced, straight concrete wall sections which are preshrunk by the application of compressive forces. Straight wall sections are constructed on top of a footing covered with a plurality of plastic sheets to reduce friction so that limited longitudinal movements of at least portions of each wall section are facilitated during the preshrinking operation. The ends of the tank comprise semicircular walls which are prestressed using wire tendons extending peripherally around the wall and tightened to impose centripetal forces on the wall and thereby place the same into circumferential compression. The walls each comprise a substantially vertical steel shell diaphragm with a layer of cementitious material such as shotcrete on each side thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel type of flare charge insulation for retally burning flare charges. The flare charge insulation according to the present invention is produced by compaction of a particulate material or granulate of a mean particle size which does not exceed 1 mm. The major component parts of the granulate are an organic metal salt, and minor amounts of a combustible binder. Moreover, particulate melamine may be included in an amount of up to 20 weight per cent.The present invention also includes a novel method of producing flare charges in which both the flare charge and flare charge insulation are terminally compacted together to form a continuous unit.Consequently, the present invention also relates to the finished flare charge manufactured according thereto.

Abstract: A storage vault includes an inner tank entombed within a concrete outer tank by first erecting a pair of sidewall forms on a base plate to create an open-top enclosure. The wall forms are securely clamped together. A layer of concrete is then poured onto the base plate and the inner tank is lowered onto the layer of concrete. Concrete is poured into the enclosure to entomb the inner tank while the bottom layer of concrete is still wet. The inner tank is restrained by a pair of reinforced hold-down bars extending over the top of the enclosure and having a pair of downwardly extending hold-down tubes which contact the top of the inner tank. A back hold-down bar is forced downwardly by a chain which passes over the hold-down bar and is fastened to the base plate. After the concrete has set sufficiently, the hold-down bars and tubes are removed and the holes created by the hold-down tubes are filled with concrete.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of combustible ammunition and relates chiefly to the manufacture of bottoms or covers for combustible cases.According to the invention, a combustible article is manufactured by pressing in a die 10 at least one sheet 21 of combustible paper containing nitrocellulose and having the shape of a disc, by virtue of a rigid movable punch 20 exerting a compressive force on a deformable flexible punch 22 arranged inside the said die 10 between the sheets 21 and the said movable punch 20. The flexible punch 22 is in the shape of a substantially cylindrical thick disc, consists of neoprene or a silicone resin and has a hardness of between 55 and 65 Shore at 20.degree. C. The pressing operation is accompanied by a thermoforming operation carried out at approximately 115.degree. C.The process is particularly suitable for the production of bottoms of combustible cases bearing studs or grooves on their side faces.

Abstract: A tunnel having an inner surface and extending along an axis is lined with pumpable concrete having a predetermined hardening time and by a form having an annular inner wall and an axially movable front wall. Substantially equal sized batches of pumpable concrete are successively injected into the space through the movable front wall through a plurality of angularly equispaced ports therein. The batches are injected axially backwardly through the ports at such a rate that succeeding batches are injected through each port at a time interval that is substantially smaller than the concrete hardening time. The front wall is displaced forward at such a rate and the batches are sized such that each batch spreads over a predetermined axial and a predetermined angular distance, such that the latter is greater than the former.

Abstract: A method of making a primary concrete covering wall on the surface of the wall of a tunnel which extends behind a shield type tunnel excavator. A form structure for casting concrete to make the covering wall is assembled with a plurality of arcuate form assemblies respectively including form segments and timbering members for reinforcing the cast and set concrete. The form segments of each assembly are detachably coupled to the timbering member. The form structure is disassembled after the cast concrete is set by detaching the form segments of the respective assemblies from the timbering members to leave the members on the primary covering wall of the set concrete, whereby the primary covering wall can be held in stable state simultaneously with completion of the primary covering wall on the tunnel wall surface.

Abstract: A circular slit plate having slits therein that are symmetrically positioned and originate near the center of the plate and extend radially toward the outer diameter thereof is used to deaerate solid rocket motor propellant and to provide a uniform propellant flow distribution during rocket motor casting.

Abstract: An improved dome structure on a base is disclosed comprising of a membrane sandwiched between layers of rigidifying material such as shotcrete which also serve to embed the circumferential and radial prestressing members. Circumferential prestressing can be applied to minimize bursting stresses. Further layers of rigidifying material can then be applied over the circumferential prestressing as a final protection and cover. The radial prestressing materials can contain spacers or hooks to preclude the circumferential prestressing material from riding up on the structure. The lower portion of the dome can include a reverse curvature to minimize stresses and stabilize the structure.

Abstract: Pipes or pipelines for transporting sewage, water, slurries, liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons, and the like are interlined with flexible composite tubular lining material. The lining material is matched to the crosswise dimension of the pipe and is adapted to be insertable thereinto and to fit snugly against the inner wall thereof. The lining material comprises a flexible matrix member having a netlike open-meshed configuration, thereby being adapted to receive into its interstices foamable material adapted to expand outwardly upon foaming, into and about irregularities in the wall surface, and to solidify there. The matrix member preferably is extensible lengthwise, and thus reducible in size crosswise, when under axial tension. When released from axial tension, the matrix member recovers to its previous dimensions, except as it may be confined, as against an inside wall of a pipe or pipeline.

Abstract: A high acceleration high performance solid rocket motor grain such as for a ballistic defense missile or rocket assisted projectile comprises a propellant material which includes a highly plasticized binder so that the grain has a solids ratio equal to at least about 95 percent. In order that the grain with such a solids ratio may have adequate strength and withstand high acceleration forces, a reticulated structure is embedded therein. A method of constructing a rocket motor having such a grain is also disclosed.

Abstract: Thermoplastic elastomer particulates, oxidizer particulates, fuel particulates, plasticizers and other propellant formulation ingredients are mixed to produce a dry blend. The dry blend is tightly packed into a rocket motor casing or mold. The dry blend is then heated in place, beginning at the bottom and continuing upward, to fuse the thermoplastic elastomer. During fusion, vacuum and mechanical compaction pressure are used to eliminate interstices. Upon cooling, a solid propellant grain is produced.

Abstract: A method of assembling a shaped charge projectile employing a fluted liner includes the steps of, first, loading an explosive propellant material in a hollow projectile case, next, preforming a shaped cavity in the propellant material, then, loading a fluted hollow linear into the cavity and, finally, consolidating the propellant material in the projectile case. The consolidation is carried out by engaging the liner with an interface sleeve mounted on an end of a punch and applying consolidating pressure against the propellant material via the sleeve and the liner. The sleeve is composed of resiliently-yieldable and deformable elastomer material having an original shape similar to that of the hollow interior of the liner but without any flutes formed thereon which would match the fluted liner.

Abstract: A method of placing concrete into a steel encasement constructing an offshore structure. The steel encasement is erected. A plurality of first concrete injection holes are formed through the steel encasement in a heightwise spaced manner. The concrete is injected through the lowest disposed concrete injection hole into the erected steel encasement to a level below another concrete injection hole disposed just above said lowest disposed concrete injection hole. Then, the injection step is repeated in connection with a subsequent first concrete injection hole nearest to the level, to which the concrete has been placed, for placing the concrete into the steel encasement to a predetermined level.

Abstract: The invention relates to a waterproof, free-running blasting agent and method of manufacturing the same and, more particularly, to a blasting agent in the form of microcapsules (small spherical-shaped particles comprising fluid or hardened droplets surrounded by a hardened shell material). The microcapsules are waterproof and free-running and are generally of a size ranging from about 10 to about 1000 microns or larger in diameter.

Abstract: Encapsulated lithium including a shot shaped and sized body (10) of lithium metal encapsulated in a thin layer (12) of a predominantly fluorine substituted polyolefin based polymeric material, a method of making the same and a power plant utilizing the encapsulated lithium as fuel (FIG. 3).

Abstract: An installation for manufacturing reinforced concrete elements, in particular prestressed concrete slabs or pre-slabs, by means of a bench including a manufacturing area of predetermined shape, together with a molding apparatus. Memory means (46) are provided for storing building data relating to the elements to be manufactured and concerning at least the geometry thereof, together with tracing means (48) for marking on the manufacturing area (16) the locations of at least some of the walls placed thereon and constituting portions of the molding apparatus.

Abstract: Certain classes of organic acids, and salts of those acids and in particular ascorbic acid and erythorbic acid and the salts thereof, and mixtures thereof, which have certain antioxidant and food preservative properties, have been found to be capable of being reacted together with sources of nitrate, including inorganic nitrates, ammonium nitrate, organic nitrates, and the like, at temperatures below 480.degree. F. to produce compositions which are capable of being molded into specific shapes or used in a powdered form as a gunpowder substitute, an explosive or a propellent when properly ignited.

Abstract: Unsupported, compressed propellant charge elements of nitrocellulose grains, as well as propellant charges produced from these propellant charge elements are produced by coating the grains with an acrylate resin and shaping the grains into cylindrical elements. The novel propellant charge elements are manufactured practically without concomitant use of binders or adhesives; they have a cylindrical configuration and contain a coaxial, continuous bore. These elements are suitable as building blocks for propellant charges in ammunition, e.g., for machinegun-type cannons. These building blocks can be used in a very simple form economically directly for the manufacturing of such ammunition. These novel charges contain at least three of the novel propellant charge elements; in this connection, the combustion of these charges can be adjusted at will by varying the propellant charge elements in order to obtain optimum combustion properties.

Abstract: A propellent charge for cartridge ammunition of propellent powder bodies of a certain geometric form is produced by filling the propellent powder bodies preferably in partial amounts and by means of a suitable funnel into the propellent case and compressing them there without the addition of binders and/or solvents up to a charge density 1.0 to 1.5 g/cc, and that they are shaped elastically to plasticity under substantially uniform and/or gradually varying compression.

Abstract: A multi-story concrete building is constructed concurrently, that is, the steps for constructing the same are carried out simultaneously on different respective stories. To achieve this end, vertical formwork members for forming the columns and bearing walls for one story are erected. Then decking formwork is erected for forming a concrete slab to serve as the floor for the next story thereabove. Formwork spacers are affixed to the tops of the vertical formwork members and these spacers provide mounts, extending through the thickness of the slab to be formed, for mounting the vertical formwork members for the next story. The vertical formwork members for the next story are then erected. Fresh concrete is poured into at least the vertical fromwork members and is permitted to cure and solidify into the vertical support members for that story. Other formwork members are erected above the next story while concrete is concurrently poured and formwork is stripped on different respective stories.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for producing composite explosives of the type hexotonal and octonal by the intermediary of a two-stage wet granulation process comprising a first granulation stage for producing primary granules of a certain amount of TNT (the primary TNT) suspended in water, together with other desired components in the explosive, with the exception of the aluminum powder, which, in its turn, is mixed into the remaining amount of secondary TNT in order thereafter, in a secondary granulation stage, to be added to the mixing water with the primary granules suspended therein, for a successive build-up of their surface layer.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for pouring concrete on a bridge is disclosed employing rail-mounted pouring and related equipment and separate rail-mounted rolling pipe for attachment to a concrete source system located on an approach to the area to be poured. The equipment rail and rolling pipe rail are both mounted on stable overhang brackets located outboard of the area to be poured. A power tractor is also mounted in the approach area on the rolling pipe rail and straddles the vertical reinforcing members located on the outside edges of the bridge deck. The tractor pushes the rolling pipe and permits a flexible hose connection to a stationary concrete pump located on the approach. A spring-loaded telescoping channel connection allows the trolleys on the tractor and the idler trolleys supporting the rolling pipe to be clamped securely to the rail.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of combustible articles by embossing combustible paper and combustible articles thus produced.The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of combustible dish-shaped articles of revolution with circular external outlines from combustible paper containing nitrocellulose by embossing at least one combustible paper disc 11 comprising a central part 12 and a peripheral part consisting of a plurality of portions 13 separated from each other by radial slits 14 the length "L" of which is smaller than the radius "R" of the said disc 11 and the width "e" in which is at least equal to the minimum width required to prevent the overlapping of the said portions 13 when the disc 11 is deformed by embossing.The invention also relates to combustible dish-shaped articles of revolution with circular external out-lines, consisting of at least one sheet of combustible paper containing nitrocellulose and in particular those produced by the process according to the invention.

Abstract: The disclosure primarily relates to a method of phlegmatizing crystalline or otherwise particulate explosive substances or compositions in which these are included, by first coating the discrete particles with a thin layer of oxazolin wax in order thereafter to carry out a conventional wet-granulation with a true phlegmatization agent or a binder agent, such as one of the wax types included under different explosive standards or a plastic composition. The invention also concerns products manufactured according to said method.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for pressing powder material in which powder is dosed into a die (48) and with the aid of at least one press means (14) is compressed to a ready detail, pressing continuing until a desired final position of the press means or a desired press force has been achieved.The actual value for the position of the press means (14) is sensed when desired press force has been achieved, or the actual value for the press force is registered when the final position has been achieved. The registered actual value is compared with a predetermined criterion value and the pressed detail is accepted or rejected depending on the size of the deviation between actual and criterion values.

Abstract: A process for continuously producing double base propellant powder of a low density (specific gravity 1.15 to 1.275). This process uses a salt-free liquor.

Abstract: A priming method for rimfire cartridges is disclosed in which a propellant solution is disposed adjacent a centrifugally located primer material in a rimfire cartridge. The solvent is then evaporated to leave a propellant film near the primer material in order to provide slower, more uniform ignition to thereby allow use of propellant powders which would otherwise be too fast or too sensitive.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for making aqueous slurry explosives are disclosed. The components of the aqueous slurry explosive are mixed in a variable speed rotary mixer where the speed of the mixer is determined by the sequence of addition of the explosive components. The explosive components generally comprise water; an inorganic oxidizing salt such as ammonium nitrate; organic liquid such as propylene glycol; organic solids such as sugar; air entraining agents such as microspheres; densifying agents such as hot ammonium nitrate solutions; thickening agents such as flours and guar gums and pH adjustors and self-explosives. The aqueous slurry explosive may be formed using ambient temperature water. The apparatus is particularly suited as a mobile unit for use in the field.

Abstract: There is described a process for the continuous or semi-continuous fabrication of propellant powders for the production of a powder having reproducable characteristics, in extremely safe conditions, thus overcoming the disadvantages found in the existing batch processes. In accordance with the invention, raw nitrocellulose is homogenised and stored under water in large tanks, from which it is fed in a controlled manner to a continuous centrifuge which removes water and alcoholises the nitrocellulose gradually. The alcoholised nitrocellulose is fed continuously to a stage where it is mixed with solvents and additives to form a gel which is compacted and extruded into filaments. Granules are made from the filaments and are transported in small batches to a preliminary drying step which removes that larger part of the solvents, in suitable vessels in a programmed manner.

Abstract: An explosive booster which contains a secondary high explosive material of such density that it is capable of receiving a detonation from one secondary high explosive mass, across a discontinuity, and of then detonating and transmitting the detonation to another secondary high explosive mass. The explosive booster is produced by compacting the secondary high explosive material to a density such that the booster is capable of acting as both an acceptor and donor of a detonation. The explosive booster may be used to transfer a detonation from one secondary high explosive mass to another such mass as for example in detonating a string of perforating guns within wellbores in the oil and gas industry.

Abstract: A modular reinforced concrete building is in a generally elongated hexagonal shape, with a roof having peaks at both ends of the building and sloping downwardly toward the central portion of the building from such peaks to form a concave ridge. The building is constructed on temporary, removable frames by forming metal lath over a roof frame in the desired shape of the roof. Wall metal lath then is suspended from the roof and extends downwardly into a foundation ditch. Temporary sheeting is placed against the underside of the roof metal lath and the outside of the wall metal lath. Concrete then is poured into the foundation ditch, into which the wall metal lath extends, to anchor the lower edges of the walls in the foundation. Concrete is applied to the wall metal lath and, after that has hardened sufficiently, the roof is covered with concrete applied from above. After the concrete hardens, the temporary sheeting material and the supporting framework are removed.

Abstract: Processes for the production of free-flowing, non-fibrous, alcohol-moistened nitrocellulose, characterized in that the water- or alcohol-moist nitrocellulose is softened with a solvent mixture of a nitrocellulose solvent and a lower aliphatic alcohol and water until the nitrocellulose fibers disappear, the alcohol-containing, liquid phase is decanted off from the two-phase mixture formed and the nitrocellulose-containing phase is processed into granulate using a screw extruder, the quantity of solvent mixture is used amounting to between 75 and 155% by weight, based on dry nitrocellulose, and the components of the mixture, NC-solvent:lower alcohol:water, being present in a ratio of 1:(0.2-4):(0.2-4).

Abstract: The body of a cabinet for storing temperature-sensitive articles such as magnetic discs and tapes is built by a process which involves the successive steps of (i) fabricating an internal skin; (ii) attaching so-called "phase-change" material to the skin; (iii) applying insulative polyurethane foam in-situ to the structure of step (ii); (iv) casting concrete or the like water-bearing material around the structure of step (iii); and (v) completing the outer finishing skin. Thus the conventional "double-box" structure is avoided. The door for the cabinet can be built by a similar sequence in which "phase-change" material, insulative form and water-bearing layers are applied successively to a pan forming the internal face of the door.

Abstract: A method for erecting a shelter structure including providing a substantially rigid member, providing a panel of mesh material proximate to but spaced from the rigid member, projecting a cementitious material at the rigid member so as to embed the mesh material in a transverse wall so formed, after hardening of the cementitious material removing the rigid member, providing a substantially rigid shell structure about the transverse wall, providing a second mesh structure proximate but spaced from the outer surface of the shell structure, projecting a cementitious substance at the outer surface of the shell structure to form a peripheral wall with the mesh structure embedded therein, and after hardening of the cementitious substance removing the shell structure, whereby to leave standing the peripheral walls of cementitious substance with the transverse wall therein, providing a substantially rigid roof shell structure, providing a third mesh structure proximate but spaced from the outer surface of the roof she

Abstract: A liquid storage container, such as a swimming pool, has a vertical wall of flexible sheet material with its ends joined to make an endless loop the bottom part of which is inserted in an endless groove in a concrete foundation. The groove is formed by casting in the concrete an endless base strip, preferably metal, and a former strip of rubber or like material fitted about the base strip and extending above it, concrete within the bounds of the base strip being level with the top of the base strip, concrete outside the former strip being at the higher level of this strip which, when the concrete has set, is stripped away to leave the groove, the base strip forming its inside face, its higher outside face being a shoulder assisting the insertion of the wall bottom. A sealing strip is force-fitted between the inside face of the groove and the inserted bottom of the wall.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of reinforcing a tubular duct using a longitudinally flexible reinforcing member built up from a plurality of combined layers having interstices therein and formed from steel wire or similar material. The method involves arraying the member circumferentially inside the duct, securing the member against the wall of the duct, and applying concrete to the covered walls.

Abstract: A method of overlaying sulphur concrete is adapted for use in placing sulphur concrete against or over an existing solid surface such as the exterior surface of a wall, floor, or column base. The existing surface, which typically is a portland cement concrete surface, is prepared by first applying a layer of a bituminous material containing a bitumen which liquifies at temperatures corresponding to the pour temperatures of the sulphur concrete. The sulphur concrete is poured against or over the bitumen-containing surface so that the bitumen therein melts to form a liquid slip plane. The shrinkage of the sulphur concrete which occurs during its temperature-reduction setting occurs without producing cracks because of the relative slippage permitted between the existing wall surface and the sulphur concrete.

Abstract: A method for making reinforced concrete including the steps of laying down layers of concrete and contemporaneously automatically cutting, and bodily ejecting into the contemporaneously layed down layers of concrete oriented wire lengths in any desired aligned patterns. In one embodiment the concrete layers are injected into a rotating cylindrical form and the oriented wires are cyclically bodily thrown off at selected angular intervals for embedment in axially aligned annular arrays in the concrete layers.

Abstract: This is an improved process of making consolidated propellant charges by compaction of propellant grains in a mold. The grains are coated with a frangible micro-capsule prior to compaction. The inner phase of the microcapsules is a low volatile solvent for the grains.