Abstract: In an injecting unit of an injection molding machine, a feeding unit is mounted on a feeding block and serves to feed the material to be processed through a shaft into a plasticizing cylinder. The feeding unit is mounted on a carrier, which is slidably mounted on a track rail so that the feeding unit can be emptied into an emptying passage. The track rail extends along and is symmetrical to the vertical line of symmetry of the injecting unit. Owing to that arrangement the injecting unit is substantially symmetrical and when the feeding unit is in emptying position its center of gravity is disposed in the vertical plane of symmetry of the injecting unit or is close to said plane. Besides, the feeding unit can be moved approximately in said plane of symmetry to its emptying position.

Abstract: The extrusion apparatus used to make a marbled section of a thermoplastic material is connectable to a screw press with at least one screw shaft and an extruder housing. A thermoplastic base material having one color is fed in using the screw press. A thermoplastic marbling material having another color is mixed with the thermoplastic base material. The extrusion apparatus includes an extrusion apparatus housing, a central passage for receiving the thermoplastic base material which encloses the screw shaft and a shaping outlet. The extrusion apparatus housing has at least one injector cavity in which an injection device for feeding in the thermoplastic marbling material is mounted.

Abstract: A continuous, high speed process for making translucent soap bars which, optionally are provided with a striated pattern. The process uses a mixture of tallow and coconut fatty acids saponified with a mixture of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. To the neat soap is added a superfatting agent and glycerin and the resulting neat soap is dried to a moisture level of from about 14% to about 18%. The dried soap is thereafter subject to amalgamation where a slurry containing additional glycerin and a polyethylene glycol of molecular weight of about 600 is added to and mixed with said soap. Following amalgamation, the soap is refined and thereafter compacted and extruded into a continuous log which may be cut and stamped into bars.

Abstract: Continuous strands of color concentrate are metered into the feed zone of a screw-melter polymer extruder where they are cut into pellets by the shearing action of the flights of a rotating screw against the extruder housing. These pellets are mixed within the extruder with a thermoplastic polymer to be colored and this mixture is then melted and extruded into a useful article, for example, a fiber for textile or carpeting end-use.Additionally, color concentrates can be first formed into continuous strands and stored conveniently on a spool for subsequent metering into the polymer extruder.

Abstract: Blends of high molecular weight linear polyethylene and low molecular weight linear polyethylene provide improved fiber-forming capabilities over that found with either polymer taken alone. Preferably at least one of the polymers used in the blend is a linear low density polyethylene, LLDPE, which is a linear polyethylene comprising ethylene copolymerized with an amount of a higher alpha-olefin which causes the density of the copolymer to be less than that of a homopolymer made using the same process and catalyst. The higher alpha-olefin can be at least one in the C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 range, preferably in the C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 range.

Abstract: A multicolored foam product and a method for the preparation thereof. Heat-plastified foamable gel of a thermoplastic resin or resins containing blowing agents are combined with different coloring materials added sequentially and extruded through an orifice of a die which is extended in length to facilitate laminar flow in the resin. This resin is expanded to form a multicolored layered foam product, such as multicolored foam planking, in a single extrusion. Multicolored foam planking produced is suitable for use as the body material for surfboards, body boards, and other recreational products.

Abstract: In the extrusion process an inhomogeneous thermoplastic marbled product is made from a base plastic material and at least one marbling additive material mixed therein. The additive material is fed into the interior of an extrudate flow made from the base plastic material in an extruder device. The extruder has a mixing head at the end of its screw having a narrow throat surrounded by a ring. The ring is formed with angularly spaced slot-like passages for the base material. The additive veining plastic is fed through the mixing head downstream of this throat.

Abstract: An apparatus for making soap comprising, an extruder having a device for passing the soap toward a downstream portion of the extruder, an orifice plate adjacent the downstream end of the extruder having a relatively dull edge defining an opening to form an extrudate of the extruder, and a trimmer plate spaced dowstream from the orifice plate and having a sharp edge defining an opening sufficiently small to trim an outer portion of the extrudate and form a well compacted residue for recycle and desired surface characteristics of the soap.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for preparing multicolored soap bars by injecting a colored liquid phase into a soap mass wherein(i) The soap mass is passed through an apertured plate to form rods,(ii) The liquid phase is introduced between the rods in at least one position,(iii) The rods are compressed inwardly to form a continuous mass having striations of the liquid phase therein, and(iv) The mass is extruded into a bar.

Abstract: Synthetic resin plates having an irregular flow pattern of different colors are prepared by continuously polymerizing polymerizable materials in a polymerization zone defined by confronting surfaces of two confronting and running endless belts and gaskets held between the confronting surfaces of the belts. Polymerizable materials of different colors are supplied in the polymerizable material supply region close to the upstream end of the polymerization zone by a plurality of supply means, each of which includes at least one polymerizable material supply opening to the polymerizable material supply region. The supply means are arranged in such a manner that they are spaced from one another in the direction of travel of the belts.

Abstract: Multi-colored detergent bars are manufactured by adding a visually distinct liquid to one part of the detergent feedstock before it enters the refiner stage.

Abstract: A synthetic resin plate having at least two different colors is prepared by a process having the steps of supplying at least two polymerizable liquid materials differing in the color from at least two inlets, passing them through at least two groups of flow paths alternately arranged, extruding and injecting the polymerizable liquid materials into a polymerization apparatus, polymerizing the liquid materials, and withdrawing a plate-shaped product having a striped pattern extending from the surface to the interior or a plate-shaped product having said striped pattern in which the boundary area between the adjacent stripe lines of different colors is gradated.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for producing a sheet or film exhibiting a colored band of varying color intensity, with an extruder for melting a stream of a thermoplastic synthetic resin and with a slot die tool (e.g.

Abstract: Process for mass-coloring nylon in dark brown, dark violet and black shades, which comprises using as dye either mixtures of the 1:2 chromium complex of a monoazo dye of the formula I ##STR1## and the 1:2 chromium complex of a monoazo dye of the formula II ##STR2## or a mixed 1:2 chromium complex of a monoazo dye each of the formula I and the formula II in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are as defined in claim 1.

Abstract: A slot die apparatus for the coextrusion of an endless sheet having a thickness of about 0.1-5 mm with an optionally dyed edge strip made from a narrower, optionally colored, melt stream of a width of about 100-500 mm and from a broader melt stream of a width of about 1,000-3,000 mm of a thermoplastic synthetic resin is provided by means of two parallel-operating extruders and associated melt pumps, with merging of the two melt streams. The apparatus is also provided by flanging together, by means of a flange, two dies at their end faces, these dies having identical cross sections and a corresponding width, comprising a spreader block, deckle, bottom lip, and top lip, and a flow channel made up from these components.

Abstract: Pressurized colored liquids are inserted in the base mass, immediately upstream or in correspondence with the last homogenizing means; then a rotor arranged between the last perforated refining means and the extrusion hole, provides for a partial mixing of the paste. The speed of rotation of the rotor is adjustable from outside of the extrusion head, and independent of the speed of the extrusion screw.

Abstract: A process for the elimination of wet surface cracking in dual extruded soaps including the steps of extruding two streams of plodded soap from a single cone dual extrusion nozzle, cutting the two streams of plodded soap at right angles to the extrusion axis to form plodder soap blanks or billets of a predetermined size, rotating the plodder soap blanks or billets 90.degree. on the extrusion axis, introducing the rotated plodder soap blanks or billets into a soap press having movable die elements so that the transverse faces of the plodder soap blanks or billets are in registry with the movable die elements, pressing the rotated plodder soap blanks or billets on their transverse faces to form pressed soap bars, and removing pressed soap bars. The process provides soap bars having an essentially laminar or parallel stress pattern.

Abstract: A plodder outlet assembly for producing a bicolored detergent bar comprising a first plodder outlet for delivering a first mass of detergent material to a compaction chamber. Four pipes are provided for delivering a second detergent material to the compaction chamber. These pipes extend into the compaction chamber and abut the inner walls thereof leaving a cruciform space for the first detergent material. The compaction chamber is slightly conical in configuration for compaction purposes and so that material flowing beyond the ends of the pipes will envelope the second detergent material.

Abstract: Marbleized cookie dough pieces are formed by independently feeding different color doughs into a common extrusion die, in which a rotating impeller is located. The impeller lards portions of each dough into the flow of the other to produce a spiral pattern in the extrudate which is sliced to produce spirally marbleized dough pieces.

Abstract: Striped detergent bars can be manufactured by several methods. The application of torque to a striped extruded log provides a bar with a spiral striping. The present invention proposes reversal of torque so that a sinusoidal striping is present on the bar.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a dentifrice containing dispersed speckles or bits therein includes converting a gel or paste dental composition into flowing stream or ribbon form, directing a stream or curtain of speckle or bit particles onto the ribbon of dentifrice, to which such particles adhere, and controlling relative feed rates of the dentifrice and the speckles, so that there is produced a dentifrice containing the distributed speckles in desired proportion. Also described are apparatuses for carrying out the process.

Abstract: An injection moulding machine has a reciprocable and rotatable screw which is water cooled internally. This enables the temperature of the machine to be precisely controlled. This further enables the required plasticization of the resin granules with limited mixing of the same, so that multi-color effects can be achieved. FIG. 5 shows the waterways in the screw and the rotating supply connections.

Abstract: An improved method for manufacturing a dentifrice containing dispersed speckles therein includes converting a gel or paste dental composition into a plurality of flowing ribbons thereof, directing a stream of speckles onto one such ribbon of dental composition, to which the speckles adhere, bringing together such stream and another stream of such dental compositions so that they adhere together with the deposited speckles sandwiched between them, and controlling relative feed rates of the dental composition and the speckles so that there is produced a dentifrice containing the speckles distributed through it in desired proportion. Also described are apparatuses for carrying out the process.

Abstract: Non-woven fabrics made from spun, synthetic polymer filaments and composed of several superposed layers of interbonded monofilaments and multifilament strands deposited in a tangled form; at least segments of the individual filaments of the multifilament strands being disposed parallel to one another with total or partial bonding together of the parallel filaments, and the individual filaments and the multifilament strands being bonded together at least at the points of their random crossings.

Abstract: Process and machine for multi-color injection molding of plastic products having three-dimensional appearance of continuous or discontinuous multi-color patterns according to a preset program through injection of various kinds and/or colors of resins into a cavity, the resins being injected from at least three injection units, merged into and blended together in a molten resin mixing manifold. The multi-color injection molding machine has more than three injection units established around the molten resin mixing manifold. The manifold internally holds an arranging chamber, which received a resin from each injection unit and forms a compounded or layered resin flow. For the purpose of presenting intricate multi-color patterns according to a preset program, the arranging chamber is detachably mounted in the molten resin mixing manifold.

Abstract: A process for producing transparent variegated soap bars, wherein soap scrap material resulting from the formation of the soap bars is reintroduced into the process by adding it into the final extrusion device, e.g., the plodder. An apparatus for carrying out this process is also described.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the injection molding of plastics material wherein the forward portion of the screw is designed such that mixing and shear of the material is minimized. This is advantageous when processing materials having diverse colorations so as to produce a mottled product, and also for processing glass reinforced materials wherein high shear processing would break the fibers thereby resulting in a lower quality product. Low shear processing of the material in the forward portion of the barrel is accomplished by providing a screw having a fully flighted rear portion, but a forward portion which is flightless so that a generally unobstructed, annular flow passage is formed between the cylindrical outer periphery of the flighted portion and the inner wall of the barrel. In a mottling application of the apparatus, materials of diverse coloration are softened by the flighted rear portion of the screw but not yet fully mixed so that distinct color patterns are present.

Abstract: Multi-colored detergent bars can be manufactured by extruding detergent material through a multi-apertured plate in a detergent plodder and injecting a visually distinctive liquid at the plate. The liquid is distributed throughout the detergent material in the form of striations as the material is compressed in the extrusion cone.A specific form of external striping and the use of increased amounts of injected liquid can be achieved by having some of the apertures positioned peripherally on the plate. These apertures form `walls` of extruded material which constrain the liquid into stripes.The manufactured bar has a distinctive appearance because the external striations are wider than the internal striations.

Abstract: Spun, non-woven fabrics from bonded polyolefin filaments deposited in a random fashion and comprising individual filaments and filament groups of at least two parallelized individual filaments, and at least a portion of the individual filaments and filament groups are modified by polar groups in ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide adducts, added in the nature of fibrillae on the filament or filament group surfaces or by surface treatment thereof with ethylene oxide adducts of propylene oxide block polymers with at least 20% by weight of ethylene oxide; and processes for the production of such spun, non-woven fabrics wherein the polyolefin filaments are extruded from a multiplicity of spinnerets, which are then deposited in random fashion as a mixed fleece of individual and groups of parallelized filaments and wherein, during or after extrusion, adducts of the propylene oxide and/or of the ethylene oxide are added to the filaments and/or filament groups, after which the mixed fleece thus produced is bonded b

Abstract: A method for the injection molding of plastics material wherein the forward portion of the screw is designed such that mixing and shear of the material is minimized. This is advantageous when processing materials having diverse colorations so as to produce a mottled product, and also for processing glass reinforced materials wherein high shear processing would break the fibers thereby resulting in a lower quality product. Low shear processing of the material in the forward portion of the barrel is accomplished by providing a screw having a fully flighted rear portion, but a forward portion which is flightless so that a generally unobstructed, annular flow passage is formed between the cylindrical outer periphery of the flighted portion and the inner wall of the barrel. In a mottling application of the apparatus, materials of diverse coloration are softened by the flighted rear portion of the screw but not yet fully mixed so that distinct color patterns are present.

Abstract: A process for the continuous production, by extrusion, of a partly finished clay product comprising a pair of parallel strips joined in back-to-back relation by a plurality of longitudinally extending walls in the form of frangible bridges which, when the partly finished clay product has been cut into blanks and fired to harden it, can be broken to separate the blanks into two ceramic tiles. The process comprises the steps of feeding a base material to a first screw extruder having two screw conveyors in series separated by a degassing chamber, and feeding a second, differently colored, material to the degassing chamber, preferably through a second screw extruder. Downstream of the degassing chamber the screw conveyor imparts a rotary mixing motion to the two-colored clays to swirl these and then the mixture is pressed through a die plate of suitable shape, which also cuts the extruded strip to expose a face having a wood grain effect.

Abstract: This invention provides a method and apparatus for injecting an additive into a stream of homogenized plastics material. The apparatus includes a homogenizing means such as a screw conveyor for the plastics material and at least one injector for injecting an additive, usually a colorant, into the boundary layer only of the homogenized plastics material prior to the latter being subjected to mastication in a gear pump. The additive is injected into the plastics material at such a position in the boundary layer that as the material passes through the gear pump the additive is mixed substantially wholly with the boundary layer of plastics material and for this purpose the injection of additive is at a position such that it passes through the gear pump in the region of the intermeshing gears of the pump.

Abstract: A method of making elongated members of thermoplastic material which simulate natural bamboo by continuously extruding the material through a die, cooling the extruded material downstream of the die, gripping the cool material and transporting the material away from the die and slowing the speed of transport relative to the speed of extrusion at predetermined lengths of extrusion to produce regions of greater external cross-sectional dimensions to provide axially spaced nodes similar to those of bamboo.

Abstract: The manufacture of detergent bars having liquid, for example a colored liquid, injected into the mass is described in UK Pat. No. 1387567. The present invention describes manufacture using a single screw plodder providing two streams of extruded detergent material for cutting and stamping. A partition is provided in the extrusion cone to provide improved quality of external striping.

Abstract: A liquid component can be introduced into a detergent bar by injecting liquid within or immediately downstream of a multi-apertured plate positioned before the compression cone of an extruder. The method can be used to produce marbled bars with the aid of a colored liquid and is described in U.K. Pat. No. 1,387,567.When a double extruder is used together with a common compression cone the injected liquid becomes unevenly distributed within the detergent. Even distribution of the liquid as striations is achieved by use of a partition in the cone to ensure each detergent stream is subjected to separate compression during movement down the cone. The partition extends to the final extrusion plate; the velocities of the two streams are equalized by having a common extrusion volume between after the two screw extruders.

Abstract: Soap bars having indicia extending between, and visible on opposing major faces, and process and apparatus for producing same, is disclosed. The indicia forming material is preferably a soap material having physical and chemical characteristics, except for coloration, similar to those of the base soap material making up the soap bar. The indicia material is extruded through indicia forming dies into the base soap mass immediately prior to the plodder nozzle which rough forms the final soap bar.

Abstract: An injection molding machine having a barrel and a reciprocating and rotatable screw disposed therein. A combination heat transfer and stratification device is disposed between the screw and the outlet of the barrel. The device includes a generally tubular portion having radially outwardly extending ribs. The ribs are in contact with the inner wall of the barrel. Heating means supply heat to the portion of the barrel containing the device and heat is transmitted through the rib portions. A process is disclosed whereby plastic is partially melted in the screw section and then stratified for final melting and thereby reduces mixing to provide a mottled appearance or plastic parts containing long fine filaments such as fine wires.

Abstract: A method for denaturing a food product including the steps of intermixing a marking agent and a carrier agent which is immiscible with the food product at ambient temperature; heating the resultant mixture above ambient temperature to make the mixture flowable; and applying the mixture to the food product; and an apparatus for performing the method including a mechanism for intermixing the marking and carrier agents; a pump system connected to the mechanism and operable to pump the mixture from the mechanism into contact with the food product; and a heating system communicating with the mechanism and the pump system operable to heat the mixture above ambient temperature to impart flowability to the mixture.

Abstract: High molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide) is incorporated into soap by first forming a blend of poly(ethylene oxide) and molten higher fatty acids, preferably containing water.

Abstract: A single extruder provided with a hopper at one end and a restricted nozzle at the opposite end and two press-screws arranged coaxially in one another within an outer jacket, each of said screws being provided with a male thread for feeding in the direction of said nozzle, said male threads extending into an outer annular space between said jacket and the outer press-screw and extending into an inner annular space between said two press-screws, said threads being oppositely oriented, means to rotate the outer of said press-screws and means maintaining the inner of said two press-screws stationary, said outer press-screw being provided with window-like openings communicating with said inner press-screw in the area of said hopper and separate feed means in said hopper to separately feed to said outer annular space and to said inner annular space through said window-like openings, the improvement consisting in that a rotating mixing element is positioned between said nozzle and said press-screws and attached to

Abstract: A liquid component can be introduced into a detergent bar by injecting liquid within or immediately downstream of a multi-apertured plate positioned before the compression cone of an extruder. The method can be used to produce marbled bars with the aid of a colored liquid and is described in UK No. 1387567.When a double extruder is used together with a common compression cone the injected liquid becomes unevenly distributed within the detergent. Even distribution of the liquid as striations is achieved by use of a partition in the cone to ensure each detergent stream is subjected to separate compression during movement down the cone.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for producing multi-colored soap, either in chip or bar form including the steps of preparing a soap slurry, solidifying the soap slurry, reducing the solidified soap to particulate form, spraying the solidified soap with a liquid coloring agent and drying the colored particulate soap. The dried particulate soap can be further processed by plodding to form variegated bars or used as soap chips, pellets or ribbons.

Abstract: A high speed continuous process for making variegated soap bars is disclosed. Soap chips and an emulsion of minor soap ingredients are each continuously supplied to a mixer. The output of the mixer is a homogenized and variegated soap mass that is refined, plodded in a vacuum plodder, cut into soap bars and finally pressed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing thermoplastic sheets or webs suitable for use as surfacing materials.Sheets of thermoplastic polymers are known as surfacing materials and, when foamed, as substitutes for wood, but available materials do not closely resemble natural wood in appearance. The present invention provides a process whereby sheets or webs are obtained which can provide a wide variety of decorative finishes and which can approximate the appearance of such natural products as wood and marble.The process of the invention comprises the extrusion of a foamable mixture of immiscible thermoplastic polymers, one of which is crystalline and of higher melting point than another, stretching the resulting foamed extrudate, compressing the stretched extrudate and then cooling the stretched and compressed extrudate. The resulting product is substantially impermeable and has integral patterning and can be used as a surfacing material in a variety of applications.

Abstract: There is disclosed a syntehtic plastic sheet material having differentially colored bands made by a method which utilizes an extrusion die block having a chamber in which is disposed a pair of sleeve members. The matrix resin is supplied to the die block chamber and the differentially colored matrix resin flows towards the discharge openings from the sleeve members and encapsulates the differentially colored resin issuing therefrom. The bands of differentially colored resin are deposited at two different depths within the matrix resin with the bands at one depth being disposed in a first angular orientation and the bands at the second depth being at another angular orientation so that the bands appear to intersect and provide a grid pattern.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for marbleizing molded parts produced by screw extruder machines. Liquid colorant is advantageously injected at a comparatively high pressure into a melt containing portion of the machine between the screw and its housing, where the melt is either completely molten or more than fifty percent molten.

Abstract: Soap worked in a plodder with introduction of a color dye for color striation of the extruded column is extruded through a die plate that has a rectangular opening corresponding to the major face dimensions (length and width) of the product bar so that the extrusion grain is perpendicular to the major faces, and the extruded column is severed at distances equal to the product bar thickness to provide blanks that are pressed in a direction parallel to the extrusion grain to form the product bar. Special locations for color introduction are provided and a unique "carrara" marble effect is produced in the bar.

Abstract: In manufacture of variegated soap bars, noodles are choke fed into the final plodder through an opening communicating essentially only with a portion of the worm of the plodder which turns downwardly.

Abstract: A novel dye system and improvement to the conventional method of preparing highly colored soap and synthetic detergent bars is disclosed. In the making of soap bars, for example, a solution of water, glycerine and dye is added to soap pellets in the amalgamator along with a slurry of uncolored soap additives to produce a highly colored soap product, thus solving the problem of introducing high concentrations of dyes to soap pellets at the amalgamator, particularly in the presence of a slurry heavy with additives. This makes it feasible for one slurry tank to serve multiple amalgamators producing different highly colored bar products.

Abstract: This application discloses a marbleized soap bar plodder comprising a multi-thread extruding screw, each of the threads of which extrudes a different colored soap material, and a means for closing one or more of the thread grooves of said extruding screw, wherein said closure means is not fixed to the screw.