Abstract: A cam shaft for valve operation in an internal combustion engine comprises two shaft elements of which the first (101, 201) is disposed inside the second (102, 202) and can be moved relative thereto angularly and/or axially. First cam elements (107, 207) provided on the first shaft element have at least lobe portions which extend radially outwardly through slots in the second shaft element to provide a cam surface, while second cam elements are provided on the second shaft element. The first and/or the second shaft element may comprise a number of individual tubular sections joined to one another.

Abstract: A spiral wound containment ring (b 20l ) is received within a radially inward facing channel (38) in an engine case (18).

Abstract: A coupling including a first hollow section having longitudinal corrugations and a second section having an aperture therein. The coupling is made according to the method including the steps of inserting the first hollow section having longitudinal corrugations into the aperture in the second section so that at least a portion thereof including the corrugations extends into and beyond the aperture, the first hollow section being selected so that its cross-sectional length exceeds the perimeter of the aperture. At least the portion of said first hollow section beyond said aperture is then expanded so as to smooth the corrugations, while avoiding stretching the wall of the first hollow section whereby the exterior size of the hollow section exceeds the entire perimeter of the aperture and the cross-sectional length remains unchanged.

Abstract: A method of repairing a defective tube in a heat exchanger of the tube-in-shell type comprises inserting a tubular sleeve into the defective tube and extending through the tube from one tubeplate to the other, and bonding the sleeve to each tubeplate. The extremities of the sleeve are preferably welded to the outer surface of the respective tubeplate. In repairing a defective tube which has one end which is bonded to a tubular tubeplate boss having a bore which is of larger diameter than the external diameter of the tube, the diameter of a poriton of the sleeve is preferably expanded to fit the bore of the tubeplate boss after insertion of the sleeve into the tube.

Abstract: In a tube fitting a nut which extends about the end of a tube allows the tube to be threadedly joined to a nipple. The end of the tube is formed in the shape of a collar which retains the nut. The face of the collar is flattened to sealingly meet with an o-ring which resides in an annular recess in the frontal surface of the nipple. The process of forming the collar in the end of the tube includes placing a nut on the tube, gripping the end of the tube with a die, and deforming the end of the tube with a tool of truncated cone-shape move in an advancing, precessing motion. The die is shaped with interior shoulders having the profile of the collar. A socket which forms the back side of the collar can be placed over the tube after the die grips the tube. After the collar formed the dies is removed.

Abstract: A hose construction, coupling therefor and methods of making the same are provided, the hose construction comprising a tubular hose and a coupling secured to one end of the tubular hose, the inner peripheral surface of the tubular hose comprising an inner corrugated hose made of polymeric material and having inwardly convex projections with recesses therebetween and extending from one end of the tubular hose to the other end thereof, the coupling having an insert disposed in the one end of the tubular hose and being radially outwardly expanded into sealing relation with the inner corrugated hose, the insert having an outer peripheral surface defined by a plurality of outwardly convex projections with recesses therebetween, the projections of the insert being respectively received in the recesses of the inner hose and the projections of the inner hose being respectively in the recesses of the insert whereby the interior of the tubular hose is substantially sealed to the interior of the coupling.

Abstract: A spring seat is disposed about a tube which forms part of a shock absorber and supported in a predetermined position thereabout. The tube is subject to press bulge formation so that a portion of the tube becomes force fitted against a portion of the spring seat. Dies can be used to induce the formation of one or more projections which prevent the spring seat from moving axially along the tube. The force fit prevents relative rotation.

Abstract: A coating is applied to the outside diameter surface of a bushing used to coldwork in a hole in a work piece. The bushing having the coating is positioned and fixed axially with respect to the hole and then expanded by an expansion mandrel with the coating on the outside diameter surface of the bushing coming into contact with the walls of the hole and the hole being coldworked. The coating reduces fretting of the coldworked joint thereby increasing the fatigue life of the joint. The bushing having the coating can be easily removed, and then replaced, by boring out the old bushing since the coating provides a margin of machining error and thereby protects the walls of the hole.

Abstract: In the case of certain series-produced finished parts, such as switch cross ties, the precision of the assembly of components is of decisive importance. The components should neither be damaged nor should their position be changed during assembly. During the assembly process, they have to be non-slidably fastened in the casing, at the same time the fastening is not allowed to damage finished part, respectively the component, neither during the movements occuring in the hardening process, nor during the removal of the casing from the finished part, i.e. a fastening device has also to be easily detachable.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for tension expanding a plate fin heat exchanger. The plate fin heat exchanger has prebelled hairpin tubes with the bells in contact with the upper tube sheet. The hairpin tubes are expanded one hairpin at a time and the upper tube sheet is gripped to receive the forces of expansion which are transmitted from the prebelled tube ends bearing against the tube sheet.

Abstract: A hose connection for high pressure installations and a method for making the same in which a nipple provided with externally projecting beads or ribs of annular configuration is initially internally expanded to substantially the inner diameter of the hose by an expanding tool while the hose is constrained against radially outward movement by a cylindrical sleeve-like member having a smooth internal surface. The sleeve-like member secured to the nipple is subjected to at least one subsequently realized inwardly extending deformation which may be made by a crimping tool; in case of annular rolled-in grooves, the latter is preferably so arranged that the deepest point of the annular grooves are located between peaks of adjacent beads or ribs.

Abstract: An inner cylindrical component is disposed on a bottom portion of an outer cylindrical component with a clearance which is formed between an outer diameter portion of the inner component and an inner diameter portion of the outer component. A guiding pin for positioning is inserted concentrically through the inner component and a tip end portion of the guiding pin engages with the bottom portion of the outer component. An outer peripheral portion of the positioned inner component is locally and vertically pressure-pressed. A portion of the inner component is extended in an outer diameter direction according to the pressure-pressing plastic deformation. The extended member of the inner component is joined together with the inner diameter portion of the outer component. The extended member of the inner component and the outer component are mutually combined together. After the pressing operation the guiding pin is withdrawn.

Abstract: A process for allowing the attachment of drive or coupling elements, such as cams, gears, crank webs or bearing elements, such as friction bearing bushes, or complete roller bearings on tubes or tubular portions by hydraulic expansion, for the purpose of producing assembled cam shafts, transmission shafts, crank shafts or the like, with the expansion of the tubes taking place exclusively in the region of the respective elements beyond the limit of elasticity of the tubes, against a permanent elastic prestress in the elements. To relieve the load on the seals limiting the regions to be expanded, a counter pressure which is higher than the ambient pressure is applied to the intermediate or end regions.

Abstract: A pivotal connection between a handle and a housing, where the handle includes a cylindrical opening, and the housing includes a pair of cylindrical openings on opposite sides of the housing and concentric with the handle opening. A sleeve with a central tubular opening is disposed within the housing and handle openings, and has an outer diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the housing and handle openings. A cylindrical pin has an outer diameter greater than the inner diameter of the sleeve tubular opening and is wedged into the sleeve tubular opening to bulge the sleeve outwardly into beveled portions of the handle opening. The connection is formed by first aligning the handle between housing portions so that openings therethrough are disposed substantially concentric to one another. Then, a tubular sleeve is located within the housing and handle openings. Finally, a pin having an outer diameter greater than the inner diameter of the tubular sleeve opening is wedged into the sleeve opening.

Abstract: An explosion welding method in which plating material is explosion welded to a base material with the aid of a reflected percussion wave generated by a detonating charge.

Abstract: A tubular bushing (68) is positioned into an opening (92) in a member (88). An axially split expansion sleeve (66) is placed onto a small diameter portion (54) of an extended mandrel (40). The mandrel (10) includes an increasing diameter portion (56) and a maximum diameter end portion (58) endwise from the small diameter portion (54). The maximum diameter portion (58) is sized to fit through the tubular bushing (68). The expansion sleeve (66), while on the small diameter portion (54) of the mandrel (10) can also fit through the bushing (68). The sleeve (66) is placed on the small diameter portion (54) of the mandrel (10) with its inner end (76) against the end (78) of a sleeve positioner (40). A tubular nosepiece (16) surrounds the sleeve positioner (40), and extends axially beyond the end surface (78). The mandrel (10) is inserted through the bushing ( 68) while the bushing (68) is within opening (92).

Abstract: Repair of a steam generator tube is performed by crimping a tubular casing (18) in a zone (14) of the tube (12) in which a metallic coating (20) has been produced on the inner surface of the tube, for example by electrolytic deposition. The tubular casing (18) may consist of an attached sleeve (18), crimped in the tube (12). In the case of a tube crimped over only part of the length of the hole passing through the tube plate, the tubular casing may consist of the tube itself on which additional crimping is performed inside the hole which passes through the tube plate.

Abstract: In the production of an assembled camshaft slid-on elements, such as control cams, bearing rings, gear wheels or bevel gears, are placed on an axially extending shaft tube. The slid-on elements are secured in place by expanding the shaft tube in the region of the elements by applying internal pressure. In producing the camshaft, a high strength material is used for the slid-on elements and an inferior strength material for the shaft. In the expanding step, an axially extending portion of the shaft tube is plastically deformed and the slid-on element is predominately elastically deformed. After expansion, the outer zone of the slid-on elements are elongated in the tangential direction in the range of 1%.

Abstract: A method for fixing an axle within a roller tappet in which a preload is applied to the axle in a direction perpendicular to its longitudinal axis while the ends of the axle are deformed into chambers formed in the ends of the axle-receiving aperture in the tappet body. In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention the axle ends are deformed by an orbital staking process.

Abstract: A method for connecting a coolant tube (20) and header (22, 24) of a heat exchanger (10) comprises manifolds (12, 14) forming fluid reservoirs (16, 18) and a plurality of coolant tubes (20) in fluid communication with the manifolds (12, 14). The manifolds (12, 14) comprise a header wall (22, 24) having a plurality of collars (26) forming collar openings (28). The tubes (20) include an axially extending mechanical seam (50) and deformable hollow end portions (52) extending through the collar openings (28). A flaring tool (70) having tapered side surfaces (74) is inserted in the end portion (52) of the tube (20) to expand the tube (20) outwardly against the collar opening (28). The flaring tool (70) includes a groove extending axially along the side surface (74) aligning with and straddling the seam (50) during expansion of the tube (20) and further forces the portions (62, 64 ) of the tube (20) adjacent the seam (50) outwardly into sealing engagement with the collar opening (28).

Abstract: A multi-walled composite tube member is formed from two superimposed pipes having a gap therebetween. The inner pipe is forcibly expanded in excess of the gap to deform and expand the outer pipe. The expander including a mandrel is forced through the aligned pipes while maintaining the longitudinal alignment. The diameter of the mandrel corresponding to the final desired diameter to finally size the composite pipe section and establish a true round inner passage. An induction heating coil operating at a low frequency operating in the range of low hundreds hertz in contrast to a conventional high frequency unit operating at thousands of hertz is coupled to and moved relative to the expanded pipe unit, progressively heats small lengths of the expanded pipe unit. The expanded pipe unit is quenched with a chilled brine solution applied to both surfaces.

Abstract: An apparatus for predicting twist out torque of a swage mount measures work done by a swage ram during a swaging operation. The apparatus includes a position sensor for sensing the position of the ram and a force sensor for sensing the force of the ram during the swaging operation. The apparatus gathers position and force information and calculates swaging work. Swaging work correlates with twist-out torque for a swage mount. Calculated swaging work is compared with a minimum acceptable swaging work value which is related to a minimum acceptable twist out torque level. If the swage work of a particular swage mount is below the minimum acceptable swage work level, an operator can reswage the mount and thereby strengthen the mount to avoid future failure due to rotation at the swage mount.

Abstract: The tool includes a tool head having a tapered portion at one end for receipt within the flexible snap ring of a filter bag for expanding the snap ring into seating and sealing engagement about the margins of the opening in the tube sheet to secure the filter bag in depending relation from the tube sheet. The tool also includes a slidable member or weight along its handle whereby, in the event the tool becomes stuck in the opening, the weight can be displaced upwardly to impact against a tool surface and thus jar the tool loose from its engagement with the snap ring.

Abstract: A one-piece molded plastic nut for receiving a screw adapted to retain a trim assembly to a panel having a slot. The plastic nut has a head having a bottom surface and a top surface with a trench molded into the head and opening onto the top surface. The trench has a bottom face with three holes molded in the bottom face of the trench that extend through to the bottom surface of the head with the holes adapted to receive the screw. The trench has a pair of opposing facing planar side walls and a pair of opposing facing planar end walls angled towards the bottom face of guiding the screw towards one of the holes in the bottom face. Two flexible webs are spaced between the holes and confrm to and engage the screw when inserted into one of the holes. A pair of legs mirror each other and are adapted for insertion into the slot for engaging the panel and retaining the plastic nut to the panel. Each leg has an inner surface having a series of molded curved surfaces aligned with the holes in the head.

Abstract: A sealed tube block assembly and method of making the same includes a tube block having two opposing walls with an axial bore therethrough. The bore is defined by first and second counterbores respectively in the walls and a reduced diameter serrated bore connecting the counterbores. The serrated bore is axially spaced from one of the counterbores by an axially tapered bore. The tapered bore has a maximum diameter less than the diameter of the adjacent counterbore but greater than the diameter of the serrated bore. An elastomeric seal is positioned in the tapered bore and a washer is positioned in the adjacent counterbore. The tube is formed with a first integral bead that seats in the opposite counterbore, and a second bead that seats in the counterbore which retains the washer and seal. The tube portion that contacts the washer and seal is finished as by swaging to provide an improved seal surface.

Abstract: A first of two members which are joined in a manner to undergo synchronous rotation is formed with a aperture which has a flower-like shape and which has a periphery which is essentially free of sharply angled portions. A hollow projection formed on one end of a shaft is forced into the aperture and then punched to assume the shape of the aperture and to caulk the two members together.

Abstract: A method of securing a cylindrical centering pin for a nuclear fuel assembly in a bore formed in a plate includes introducing an end of the centering pin into the bore until at least part of a coaxial, radially expandable wall portion of the end to be secured protrudes beyond the plate; and generating pressure in a closed hollow space surrounded by the wall portion with a pressure fluid until the wall portion radially expands and anchors the centering pin. According to another method, the end is introduced into the bore until at least part of the end to be secured, which has a periphery and an interior with radial slits formed therein, protrudes beyond the plate; and a mandrel-like tool is partially brought into the slits in the interior of the end of the centering pin and radially expands the end of the centering pin with the tool for anchoring the centering pin.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of installing a grommet within an opening in a wall of composite material. An opening (10) is formed in a wall of composite material (12). A countersink (20) is formed at one end of the opening (10). A grommet (22) is placed into the opening (10). A split sleeve (28) is placed on the small diameter portion (30) of a mandrel (32) which is attached to a power puller (36). The mandrel (32) with the split sleeve (28) is placed through the opening (10) and a grommet (22). The power puller (36) is then operated to pull the mandrel (32) back through the opening (10) and the grommet (22) thereby expanding the split sleeve (28) which in turn provides for the radial expansion of the grommet (22). During the radial expansion of the grommet (22), ends of fibers (16) are forced into the surface of the grommet (24 ). After the mandrel (32) has been pulled all the way through the split sleeve (28) both it and the split sleeve (28) are removed from the grommet (22).

Abstract: The force-locking connection between a shaft (1) and driving elements (21) attached to it is improved or achieved via a slight plastic expansion of the shaft in that the driving elements are arranged in groups and connected by connecting sleeves (22) produced so as to be integral with the driving elements. The higher degree of elastic expansion is limited to the region of the connecting sleeves so that the driving elements themselves are largely excluded from this process. The dimensional accuracy of the finish-machined driving elements is not adversely affected. If necessary, recesses (27) may be produced to form webs (24) as a result of which the elastic deformation occurring in the inner region (23) is reduced.

Abstract: A repair lining for a heat exchanger tube includes a sleeve having ends. A tubular basic body is disposed in the sleeve and has ends protruding beyond the ends of the sleeve. One of the ends of the basic body has a top part being supported on the sleeve and the other of the ends of the basic body has a thread formed thereon. A nut is disposed on the thread for bracing the repair lining in the heat exchanger tube. At least one clamping ring is disposed on one of the ends of the basic body between the sleeve and the top part, and at least one clamping ring is disposed on the other of the ends of the basic body between the sleeve and the nut. The clamping rings have a conical shape in an initial relaxed condition being changed into a flattened shape with an enlarged diameter by relative motion between the basic body and the sleeve.

Abstract: A process and an assembly for producing force-locking connections between tubular members inserted one into the other or for attaching elements slid onto tubular members, by permanent radial expansion of several sleeves slid into the tubular members in a coaxial arrangement. The sleeves are filled with a pressurized fluid and pistons are inserted into end apertures of the sleeves. The apertures of adjoining sleeves which face each other are closed by a single piston. Finally, by bringing the pistons closing the outwardly facing apertures of the outer sleeves closer together, the internal pressure is increased.

Abstract: In the process of fixing a metal screen in the housing of a vacuum switch, the screen is plastically deformed radially outwards over an internal supporting edge in the housing. The plastic deformation of the screen is carried out at an edge thereof, in such a way that an outward flanged edge is formed. Thus, the screen is retained on the supporting edge by that flanged edge and a part of the housing with a relatively large diameter. Therefore, the screen has a part with a relatively small diameter which is essentially equal to the internal diameter of the supporting edge of the housing.

Abstract: A fluid connector consisting of a longitudinally extending tubular member having a central passageway extending therethrough with the one end of such central passageway being threaded. An annular flange on the intermediate exterior portion divides the tubular member into an upper portion and a lower portion, which lower portion has a thin walled portion that extends from the flange to the one threaded end portion. The upper exterior portion of the tubular member is threaded to facilitate connection to a threaded conduit. The thin walled lower portion is subject to being upset for cooperation with the flange to secure the tubular connector to a fluid line. Such flange is subjected to a bending to complement the exterior contour of the conduit receiving such connector.

Abstract: A method for gripping a tube end of a plate fin heat exchanger by a pair of coacting jaw grippers movable both longitudinally and radially with respect to said tube end. The coacting jaw grippers are positioned such that the tube ends of a multirow coil can be gripped along any row of the coil.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for radially expanding and anchoring a sleeve within a tube are provided. The apparatus includes a hydraulic expanding mandrel, a fluid source for supplying a first pressurized fluid and a second fluid to first and second pumps and a fluid control mechanism for selectively activating the second pump and for controlling the total volume of pressurized fluid discharged by the second pump. In order to radially expand and anchor the sleeve within the tube, the sleeve is first inserted within the tube. Then, the mandrel is inserted within the sleeve such that the mandrel and sleeve together define a substantially annular hydraulic pressure zone situated between the sleeve, the body of the mandrel and the seals.

Abstract: A method of securing a loose polymeric resilient liner to a rigid pipe to permit flaring of the polymeric liner to form a flange joint interface. Apparatus to secure the resilient liner while the polymer liner is flared is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to an assembled driveshaft and a process for production thereof in the case of which several tubular pieces and/or sleeves and a driving element to be attached thereon are inserted into each other and where, for forming the stepped hollow shaft and for fixing the driving element, the inner tubular portion of a region of overlap produced in the process, at least within the driving element, is expanded from the inside relative to the outer tubular portion and the driving element.

Abstract: For weight saving purposes and to make optimum use of the material there is provided a hollow shaft, to which drive elements such cams or end flanges are attached preferably by expanding the shaft in portions, made up of at least two layers including an outer layer, preferably produced of a material of a higher strength such as steel and an inner layer produced of a material of a lower strength, such as aluminum or titanium. If there are problems in achieving sufficiently secure fixing of the drive elements by expanding the hollow shaft in the regions to be expanded, it is possible to provide supporting rings which are deformed only plastically whereas the materials of the hollow shaft, as well as the drive elements themselves are deformed only elastically. The regions to be expanded are limited by seals on a pressure probe which is supplied with a pressurized fluid via a channel.

Abstract: A body of shape memory metal is placed within a tubing by a running sub which transports the body to a desired location within the tubing while the shape memory metal is in its martensitic phase whereupon the shape memory metal is heated so as to regain its original shape which is tailored to its application inside the tubing.

Abstract: A process for producing an assembled crankshaft, transmission shaft or camshaft, in the case of which expansion of the inserted sleeves takes place for the purpose of producing a force-locking connection between slid-on drive elements or bearing sleeves and tubular members, and where bored plugs are inserted, so as to be pressure-agent-proof, into the open ends of a sleeve with the cavity formed by the sleeve and the inserted plugs being pressurized by a pressure agent up to the point of permanent radial deformation of the sleeve.

Abstract: A hose construction, coupling therefor and methods of making the same are provided, the hose construction comprising a tubular hose and a coupling secured to one end of the tubular hose, the inner peripheral surface of the tubular hose comprising an inner corrugated hose made of polymeric material and having inwardly convex projections with recesses therebetween and extending from one end of the tubular hose to the other end thereof, the coupling having an insert disposed in the one end of the tubular hose and being radially outwardly expanded into sealing relation with the inner corrugated hose, the insert having an outer peripheral surface defined by a plurality of outwardly convex projections with recesses therebetween, the projections of the insert being respectively received in the recesses of the inner hose and the projections of the inner hose being respectively received in the recesses of the insert whereby the interior of the tubular hose is substantially sealed to the interior of the coupling.

Abstract: A method for controlling, in the manufacture of plate fin and tube heat exchangers, the operation of a tube expander of the type that does not expand all hairpin tubes in a heat exchanger simultaneously so that the two legs of each hairpin tube are expanded at the same time. In a preferred embodiment, a supply of pressurized air is directed through one of a selected group of open ended tube legs. Pressure sensors located at the ends other legs within the group detect the tube, if any, at which there an increase in pressure, establishing continuity between that leg and the first leg and thus identifying the two legs under test as parts of the same hairpin. This matched pair of legs is identified for expansion on the same expansion stroke of the expander. Other legs within the group between which there is pressure continuity are similarly detected and identified.

Abstract: A filler pipe for a fuel tank of a motor vehicle includes at its cap end a cylindrical insert whereby an elastic sealing ring is arranged between an outer surface of the insert and an inner surface of the filler pipe made of plastic material. In order that a simple cost-favorable connection between the insert and the filler pipe is achieved combined with a good seal, the profiled sealing ring having an elongated cross-sectional shape is mounted on the insert under prestress. Furthermore, the insert and sealing ring are subjected to a common blow-molding operation.

Abstract: A method of controlling leakage through degraded heat exchanger tubes in the tubesheet region of a nuclear steam generator is disclosed herein. The method comprises radially expanding a section of the heat exchanger tube disposed within the bore of the tubesheet into leak resistant engagement so that the resultant leakage flow is equal to or less than an acceptable leakage flow rate. The expanded, leak resistant section is located above the degraded section of the heat exchanger tube and below the upper side of the tubesheet. The length L of the leak resistant section and the pressure P necessary to create it are determined by ascertaining a plurality of combinations of length Lx and pressure Px that would result in a sufficiently tight engagement between the heat exchanger tube and the tubesheet bore to achieve the desired leakage flow rate, and by choosing a combination of Lx, Px that results in the smallest length L without exceeding a pressure of 50 ksi (344.7 MPa).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming core assemblies comprising supporting a plurality of flattened tubes in horizontally spaced relationship, applying forces to the ends of the tubes to align the tubes, interposing undulating fins between adjacent tubes, providing a stop for holding the ends of the tubes at one end in alignment, retracting the force on the opposite ends of the tubes applying a compacting force to the array tubes and undulating fins transversely of the tubes by applying forces to end plates, applying a force to a header plate to force the opposite ends of the tubes through openings in the header plate, applying a deforming force to the opposite ends of the tubes against the outer surface of the header plate to move any unaligned tubes into alignment with the remainder of the tubes against the stop, retracting the stop, applying a force to another header plate to force the one ends of the tubes through openings in the header plate and applying a deforming force to the one ends of the tubes onto

Abstract: The device is intended for expanding profile pipes set in a well for patching off a troublesome zone, and also for straightening crumpled casings.The device comprises a housing (1) having an expanding member (3) mounted thereon in bearings (4, 5) on a journal (2) extending at an acute angel to the longitudinal axis of the housing (1). The expanding member (3) is shaped as a spherical segment (9) having its external surface defined by alternating portions of a spherical surface (10) and the lateral surfaces of cylinders (11) whose geometric axes being to a plane perpendicular to the axis (13) of the journal (2).

Abstract: A method for radially expanding and anchoring a sleeve within a tube is provided. The apparatus includes a hydraulic expanding mandrel, a fluid source for supplying a first pressurized fluid and a second fluid to first and second pumps and a fluid control mechanism for selectively activating the second pump and for controlling the total volume of pressurized fluid discharged by the second pump. In order to radially expand and anchor the sleeve within the tube, the sleeve is first inserted within the tube. Then, the mandrel is inserted within the sleeve such that the mandrel and sleeve together define a substantially annular hydraulic pressure zone situated between the sleeve, the body of the mandrel and the seals.

Abstract: A method of producing a cam shaft or a similar member that has a core pipe upon which are secured, via expansion of the core pipe, components that are spaced from one another and have a precribed position on the core pipe, with the expansion of the core pipe being effected by introducing a hydraulic fluid into the core pipe. The surface of the components that are secured on the core pipe and are made of a ductile spheroidal graphite iron or sintered material, are subjected to a mechanical abrasion and are melted via a controlled laser beam in such a way as to first slightly reduce the adhesive pressure betewwn the components and the core pipe as a consequence of the melting of the surface layer, and subsequently, after hardening of the melted layer and due to temperature equalization in the components and the core pipe, to increase the adhesive pressure to a higher value. The melting results in a ledeburitic structure having an adequate depth.

Abstract: Method fastening drive elements on a hollow shaft, which comprises:pushing n drive elements with a thickness a over a hollow shaft, retaining the drive elements at mutual spacings b and in respective desired azimuthal positions by means of holding devices;providing active sections of a material with a given limit of elasticity, a length c, mutual spacings d and being bounded by sealing lips on a hydraulic expanding device so that .[.n (a+b)=n (c+d).]. .Iadd.n.a+(n-1) b=n.c+(n-1) d.Iaddend., pushing the hydraulic expanding device into the hollow shaft; andapplying a pressure through the hollow shaft to the active sections stressing the material of the active sections radially beyond the given limit of elasticity.

Abstract: Axially spaced cams and bearing rings mounted on a tube are permanently secured to the tube by circumferentially spaced projections on the tube extending into grooves formed on the inside surfaces of the cams and bearing rings.