Abstract: An antenna includes a ground support, an electrically conductive, endless element mounted at a distance relative to the ground support, and a trio of ports arranged along the endless element for conveying radio frequency signals in an operating band of frequencies. The antenna is compact and has high port isolation and low pattern correlation due to successively spacing the ports apart along the endless element by a spacing of one-half of a guided wavelength at a center frequency of the operating band.

Abstract: A multi media payment device includes a banknote acceptor and a RF card reader, and also may include a magnetic card reader. A bezel assembly for connection to the bill acceptor preferably includes a reader unit to read magnetic swipe cards and contactless chip cards.

Abstract: A wireless module includes a wireless signal transceiver and a transferring unit. The wireless module is assembled to a connector unit after the wireless signal transceiver is assembled to the transferring unit. Therefore, the connector unit transmits and receives wireless signals through the wireless module.

Abstract: A combined RFID and wireless charging electromagnetic wave absorber, a combined RFID and wireless charging wireless antenna including same, and a method for manufacturing same. The electromagnetic wave absorber not only performs separate functions of RFID and wireless charging and provides stable operating characteristics, but also has a structure in which an electromagnetic wave absorber and a wireless antenna are integrally coupled so as to maximize the respective performance thereof. Despite a structure in which the two functions of RFID and wireless charging are combined, the thickness of the antenna can be reduced, such that it can be very useful when adopted in and applied to a mobile device, thereby contributing greatly to reducing the thickness of a smartphone.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a phase-shifting unit module, a manufacturing method therefor, a phase shifting device, and an antenna. The phase-shifting unit module comprises a first metal ground plate, a second metal ground plate, an insulating dielectric plate, a slide apparatus, and a fixed transmission line. The insulating dielectric plate is provided thereon with at least one impedance transforming part. The thickness of the impedance transforming part is less than the thickness of the remaining parts of the insulating dielectric plate. The impedance transforming part of the insulating dielectric plate is overlapped with the fixed transmission line during a moving process. The insulating dielectric plate is overlapped only with the fixed transmission line, thus reducing reflected signals, while at the same time reducing losses, and facilitating ultra-wideband design of the phase-shift unit module and of the phase-shifting device.

Abstract: A sensing device is used for measuring physical characteristics. The sensing device may include an optical fiber disposed in a tube. The optical fiber may have a section containing a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor. A support member may be coupled to the ends of the section, such that the section includes a length greater than a length of the portion of the support member disposed between the ends of the section. The support member is configured to isolate the FBG sensor from strain in the optical fiber.

Abstract: A planar lightwave circuit (PLC) is disclosed having fixed thereto a coupling tube for coupling an optical fiber. The PLC comprises a planar optical substrate having in it an optical waveguide having an optical aperture located on an edge surface of the optical substrate and a tube formed having a lumen dimensioned to receive an optical fiber ferrule and an edge surface fixed to the substrate edge surface so that a cross section of the lumen at the edge surface is aligned with the optical aperture.

Abstract: A silver particle dispersing solution, which contains 50-70% by weight of silver particles having an average particle diameter of 20 nm or less, is applied on a substrate by the flexographic printing, and then, calcined to produce a booster antenna wherein a silver conductive film, which contains 10-50% by volume of a sintered body of the silver particles and which has a volume resistivity of 3-100 ??·cm, a surface resistivity of 0.5?/? or less and a thickness of 1-6 ?m, is formed on the substrate. Thus, there is provided a booster antenna which has excellent electrical characteristics and flexibility and which can be inexpensively mass-produced.

Abstract: A directional coupler arrangement comprising an air waveguide and a coupler port having a coupler line arranged inside the air waveguide. A method for producing a directional coupler arrangement comprising forming an air waveguide and forming a coupler port having a coupler line arranged inside the air waveguide is also disclosed.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a harmonic oscillator and a preparation method thereof, a filtering device and an electromagnetic wave device. The harmonic oscillator includes at least one dielectric slab and response units attached on one surface of the at least one dielectric slab, where the response units are structures manufactured by conductive material and provided with geometric patterns. According to the technical solution of the disclosure, the filtering device and the electromagnetic wave device with the harmonic oscillator are good in structure stability. Swinging of a harmonic oscillator sheet layer is low in loss. The Q value of the harmonic oscillator prepared by the disclosure is high; and loss of a resonant cavity, the filtering device and a microwave device with the harmonic oscillator is obviously reduced.

Abstract: Metallization layer structures for reduced changes in radio frequency characteristics due to registration error and associated methods are provided herein. An example resonator includes a first conductive layer defining an error limiting feature and a second conductive layer. The resonator further includes at least one communication feature configured to electrically couple the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer at a communication position. The error limiting feature is configured to reduce changes in radio frequency characteristics of the resonator due to registration error. Methods of manufacturing resonators are also provided herein.

Abstract: A coaxial polarizer is provided. The coaxial polarizer includes an outer-conductive tube, an inner-conductive tube positioned within and axially aligned with the outer-conductive tube, and two dielectric bars each having a flat-first surface. The inner-conductive tube has two shallow-cavities on opposing portions of an outer surface of the inner-conductive tube. The shallow-cavities each have at least one planar area having a cavity length parallel to a Z axis and a cavity width, including a minimum width, perpendicular to the Z axis and to a radial direction of the inner-conductive tube. The flat-first surface has a dielectric length and width that are parallel and perpendicular to the Z axis, respectively. The dielectric length and dielectric width are less than the cavity length and the minimum width, respectively. The two flat-first surfaces of the respective two dielectric bars contact at least a portion of the respective two planar areas of the two shallow-cavities.

Abstract: An RF antenna assembly is positioned within a wellbore in a subterranean formation for hydrocarbon resource recovery. The RF antenna assembly includes first and second tubular conductors to be positioned within the wellbore, and having adjacent joined together ends, and first and second RF transmission line segments extending within the first and second tubular conductors and having adjacent joined together ends aligned with the joined together adjacent ends of the first and second tubular conductors. The RF antenna assembly includes a tubular sheath surrounding the first RF transmission line segment and having an outer surface, and a spacer received on the outer surface of the tubular sheath and extending between the tubular sheath and adjacent portions of the first tubular conductor.

Abstract: Shields within implantable leads increase the torsional stiffness of the leads. The torsional stiffness may be reduced by cutting the shield axially to break the circumferential mechanical continuity of the shield. The circumferential shielding continuity of the shield may be re-established to preserve the shielding effect in various manners. The shield may overlap onto itself to close the slot created by the cut. A shield patch may be placed across the slot created by the cut. The shield may be located between two insulation layers of the lead. The shield may be cut and then the slot closed prior to application of the outer insulation layer. The outer insulation layer may then be added over the shield. The outer insulation layer may be compliant so that once covered, the circumferential mechanical continuity of the shield remains broken.

Abstract: An antenna integrated in a package substrate, the antenna comprising an upper antenna element, a lower antenna element and a coupling element disposed between the upper antenna element and the lower antenna element, the coupling element comprising an aperture, and configured to provide a coupling between the upper antenna element and the lower antenna element.

Abstract: A compact random media size antenna employing random magnetic and dielectrics nm to mm range size particles in polymer hosts is used to transfer E & M oscillations in 1 kHz to 900 Mhz range using a 1 cm to 1 meter length antenna. This is achieved by using small size particles and a random mean path length of E & M wavefront travel in and about a core tube of effective length matching Leff=L2/2ltr, equivalent to ?/2 for transmitting and receiving E & M radiation, where L is the physical size of the antenna, ltris the transport scattering random walk length between particles and ? is the frequency wavelength.

Abstract: Antenna apparatus and methods of use and tuning. In one exemplary embodiment, the solution of the present disclosure is particularly adapted for small form-factor, metal-encased applications such as smartphones or tablets (and “phablets”) utilizing near field communication (NFC) interfaces. The solution increases the effective size of the antenna without requiring any significant additional space or other structural modifications to the host device (such as changes to the device's metal case or size), while still maintaining a high degree of electrical performance (including a high Q factor).

Abstract: Novel tools and techniques are provided for implementing antenna structures to optimize transmission and reception of wireless signals from ground-based signal distribution devices, which include, but are not limited to, cabinets, pedestals, hand holes, and/or network access point platforms. Wireless applications with such devices and systems might include, without limitation, wireless signal transmission and reception in accordance with IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ad/af standards, UMTS, CDMA, LTE, PCS, AWS, EAS, BRS, and/or the like. In some embodiments, an antenna might be provided within a signal distribution device, which might include a container disposed in a ground surface. A top portion of the container might be substantially level with a top portion of the ground surface. The antenna might be communicatively coupled to at least one conduit, at least one optical fiber line, at least one conductive signal line, and/or at least one power line via an apical conduit system installed in a roadway.

Abstract: A housing for a personal electronic device is described herein. The housing may include at least one modular subassembly configured to be arranged within an internal cavity of the housing. The at least one modular subassembly is aligned with a feature external to the housing, is affixed to an interior surface of the internal cavity, and is configured to function both as an antenna and as an internal support member of the housing. A hybrid antenna is also described herein. The hybrid antenna can include first and second flexible members capable of facilitating wireless communication, where the first and second flexible members are affixed to one another via a metal member.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an antenna includes the steps of: providing a ferrite sheet; forming a via hole through the ferrite sheet, wherein the via hole is connected between a first surface and a second surface of the ferrite sheet; forming a nonconductive ink layer on the first surface and the second surface and in the via hole of the ferrite sheet; applying a displacement process to the nonconductive ink layer so as to form a first metal layer on the nonconductive ink layer; and applying a thickening process to the first metal layer so as to form a second metal layer on the first metal layer, wherein the first metal layer and the second metal layer both extend from the first surface through the via hole to the second surface of the ferrite sheet.

Abstract: High precision capacitors and methods for forming the same utilizing a precise and highly conformal deposition process for depositing an insulating layer on substrates of various roughness and composition are disclosed. The method generally includes the steps of depositing a first insulating layer on a metal substrate by atomic layer deposition (ALD); (b) forming a first capacitor electrode on the first insulating layer; and (c) forming a second insulating layer on the first insulating layer and on or adjacent to the first capacitor electrode. The methods provide an improved deposition process that produces a highly conformal insulating layer on a wide range of substrates, and thereby, an improved capacitor.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of an object having a conductive line includes the following steps. A hardening layer and a conductive line layer are formed in an in-mold roller (IMR) material in sequence. The conductive line layer is formed on a non-conductive substrate by an IMR process. A carrier sheet is then separated to expose the hardening layer. A connecting piece is formed on the hardening layer. The connecting piece runs through the hardening layer by a connection process, and the connecting piece is electrically connected to the conductive line layer. Therefore, an object structure having the conductive line is formed.

Abstract: An antenna array includes a plurality of antenna elements configured in a flare such that each of the plurality of antenna elements is uniformly spaced apart from at least one adjacent antenna element. Each of the plurality of antenna elements is coupled in a common area, and each of the plurality of antenna elements extends radially outward from the common area. A method of arranging antenna elements in an antenna array includes configuring a plurality of antenna elements in a flare such that each antenna element is uniformly spaced apart from at least one adjacent antenna element, and each of the plurality of antenna elements extends radially outward from a common area; and coupling each of the plurality of antenna elements in the common area.

Abstract: A method for assembling a cross-type transmission module is provided, which includes the following steps. First, a first circuit board and a second circuit board are provided, wherein the first circuit board includes a first antenna, and the second circuit board includes a first groove and a second antenna. Then, the first circuit board is inserted partially through the first groove along an insertion direction to connect the first circuit board to the second circuit board, wherein the first circuit board is on a first plane, the second circuit board is on a second plane, an included angle ? is formed between the insertion direction and the second plane, and the included angle is not zero. In this embodiment, the included angle is 90 degrees, and the second plane is perpendicular to the first plane.

Abstract: A device may include a housing, a wireless transceiver carried by the housing, and an antenna element carried by the housing and having first and second feeds, and a split antenna feed network carried by the housing and providing a phase shift between the first and second feeds. The split antenna feed network may include a first capacitor having a first terminal coupled to the first feed and a second terminal coupled to the wireless transceiver, a second capacitor having a first terminal coupled to the second feed and a second terminal, a first inductor having a first terminal coupled to the second terminal of the first capacitor and a second terminal coupled to the second terminal of the second capacitor, and a second inductor having a first terminal coupled to the second terminal of the second capacitor and a second terminal coupled to a voltage reference.

Abstract: A multiband antenna includes a first antenna unit (10) and a second antenna unit (20). The first antenna unit (10) includes a first antenna pattern (11) formed of a conductor and a first substrate (12) formed of a dielectric, for holding the first antenna pattern (11). The second antenna unit (20) includes a second antenna pattern (21) formed of a conductor and a second substrate (22) formed of a dielectric having a dielectric constant different from the dielectric constant of the first substrate (12), for holding the second antenna pattern (21). In the multiband antenna, by injection molding the second substrate (22) with the first antenna unit (10) and the second antenna pattern (21), which being insert components, the first antenna unit (10) and the second antenna unit (20) are integrated.

Abstract: A concentric feed is provided. The concentric feed includes an outer-conductive tube electrically connected at a base of an inner-conductive tube to an outer-conductive tube by a process comprising the steps of: configuring the outer-conductive tube; configuring the inner-conductive tube; and positioning the outer-conductive tube to contact the inner-conductive tube at the base. The outer-conductive tube is configured to include: a side-port; a first-edge surface; a first-interior surface sharing an edge with and perpendicular to the first-edge surface; a second-edge surface; and a second-interior surface sharing an edge with and perpendicular to the second-edge surface. The inner-conductive tube is configured to include: the base at a base-end of the inner-conductive tube, the base including a first lip and a second lip protruding orthogonal to a first surface and a second surface, respectively, and a central-port centered on the central axis and parallel to the central axis; and a main-body.

Abstract: An antenna, comprising a plurality of feed points and tuning elements for tuning a resonant frequency at each feed point independently of the others of the plurality of feed points. The tuning elements are placed on the configured radiating element such that for a given feed point its tuning element is placed on the configured radiating element where a current distribution of the other feed points is a minimum.

Abstract: A line bridging element for two microstrip lines, each of which are configured to conduct electromagnetic waves having a wavelength in the millimeter wavelength range, including a dielectric resonator, including a first coupling point, which is configured to couple the line-conducted electromagnetic wave, which is carried in the first microstrip line, into the dielectric resonator, including a second coupling point, which is configured to decouple the electromagnetic wave coupled into the dielectric resonator into the first microstrip line. The invention also provides a method for manufacturing a line bridging element.

Abstract: An antenna feed with mode suppression includes a transition section, having a window for connecting to an output port of a waveguide and having inner and outer conductors forming a coaxial waveguide that couples energy from the waveguide into a horizontal TE11 mode in the coaxial waveguide. A polarizer section is coupled to the transition section and generates circular polarization from the horizontal mode of the transition section. A radiator section is coupled to the polarizer and provides an output signal for the antenna feed. The transition section includes an electrical short coupling the inner and outer conductors. The electrical short is disposed adjacent to the window of the transition section. A dielectric block is also disposed between the inner and outer conductors and adjacent to the electrical short along the axis of the coaxial waveguide. A surface of the dielectric block is coated with a thin film sheet resistance.

Abstract: In a high frequency signal line, a first signal line extends along a first dielectric element assembly, a first reference ground conductor extends along the first signal line, a second signal line is provided in or on the second dielectric element assembly and extends along the second dielectric element assembly, a second reference ground conductor is provided in or on the second dielectric element assembly and extends along the second signal line. A portion of a bottom surface at an end of the first dielectric element assembly and a portion of the top surface at an end of the second dielectric element assembly are joined together such that a joint portion of the first and second dielectric element assemblies includes a corner. The second signal line and the first signal line are electrically coupled together. The first and second reference ground conductors are electrically coupled together.

Abstract: An antenna module for a terminal device includes: a substrate; and a conductive coil on the substrate and having a first end at an outside of the conductive coil and a second end at an inside of the conductive coil, the conductive coil including: one or more loops; and a plurality of conductive strips extending from an innermost one of the one or more loops.

Abstract: Integrated Microelectromechanical System (“MEMS”) devices and methods for making the same. The integrated MEMS device comprises a substrate (200) with first electronic circuitry (206) formed thereon, as well as a MEMS filter device (100). The MEMS filter device has a transition portion (118) configured to (a) electrically connect the MEMS filter device to second electronic circuitry and (b) suspend the MEMS filter device over the substrate such that a gas gap exists between the substrate and the MEMS filter device. The transition portion comprises a three dimensional hollow ground structure (120) in which an elongate center conductor (122) is suspended. The RF MEMS filter device also comprises at least two adjacent electronic elements (102/110) which are electrically isolated from each other via a ground structure of the transition portion, and placed in close proximity to each other.

Abstract: An antenna module includes: a first injection-molded part which is formed to have a base portion and a protrusion portion to be protruded from the base portion by an injection molding; an antenna pattern which is positioned on the protrusion portion; and a second injection-molded part which is formed to cover the antenna pattern by an injection molding. Since the antenna pattern is formed on the protrusion portion of the first injection-molded part, the thickness of a portion of the second injection-molded part on the antenna pattern can be minimized, and accordingly the antenna module and the mobile terminal case can be formed to be thin, light-weight and slim while the transmitting/receiving efficiency of the antenna can be maximized.

Abstract: A Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) electronic circuit is described that uses an antenna and a fractal ground plane conductor or a fractal counterpoise. Some embodiments of the electronic circuit include a first ground plane conductor portion on a first electronic substrate, and a second ground plane conductor portion on a second electronic substrate. The second ground plane conductor portion is shaped to include at least one fractal pattern. The fractal pattern of the second ground plane conductor portion makes the ground plane seem electrically larger than it is. The fractal ground plane conductor portion minimizes the reception of GNSS satellite signals below the antenna, and improves the reception of signals from low elevation GNSS satellites above the horizon.

Abstract: An antenna circuit has a substrate, an antenna coil on only one side of the substrate, and a low-profile crossover element on the same side of the substrate and which bridges at least one turn of the antenna coil to electrically interconnect an inner end portion and an outer end portion of the antenna coil. The crossover element includes an electrically insulative layer on or adjacent to the turn of the antenna coil, a first electrically conductive layer above the electrically insulative layer, and a second electrically conductive layer which is above the first electrically conductive layer and which is of a different electrically conductive material.

Abstract: An integrated Microelectromechanical Systems (“MEMS”) device (100). The MEMS device comprises a substrate (200, 300), a transition portion (118), and a differential inductor (1000, 1100, 1300). The transition portion is connected to and at least partially extends transversely away from a major surface of the substrate. The differential inductor is mechanically suspended above a major surface of the substrate at least partially by the transition portion. The differential inductor is also electrically connected to an electronic circuit external thereto by the transition portion. A first dielectric gap exists between the major surface of the substrate and the differential inductor.

Abstract: A waveguide neural interface device including: a neural device implantable in tissue and including an array of electrode sites that electrically communicate with their surroundings, in which the array of electrode sites includes at least one recording electrode site; and a waveguide, coupled to the neural device, that carries light along a longitudinal axis and includes a light directing element that redirects the carried light from the waveguide to illuminate selectively targeted tissue, in which at least a portion of the redirected light is directed laterally away from the longitudinal axis and the recording electrode site is configured to sample illuminated tissue. A method for assembling a waveguide neural interface device is also described.

Abstract: There is provided a waveguide horn array, a method for forming the waveguide horn array, and an antenna system. The array includes a rectangular metal plate which is processed to have a cross section comprised of a plurality of rectangular holes arranged in the length direction of the rectangular metal plate, the lower part of each hole being formed as a rectangular waveguide, and the upper part of each hole being formed as a horn; and a groove extending in the direction along which the plurality of holes are arranged and having a predetermined depth, which is formed at two sides of the holes on the top surface of the rectangular metal plate. According to the embodiments, it is possible to maintain the good properties of the antenna in terms of bandwidth and directivity, while enhancing the isolation between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna in the system.

Abstract: A coplanar waveguide (CPW) square-ring slot antenna for use in wireless communication systems is miniaturized and reconfigurable by the integration of ferroelectric (FE) BST (barium strontium titanate) thin film varactors therein. The slot antenna device includes a sapphire substrate, top and bottom metal layers, and a thin ferroelectric BST film layer, where the FE BST varactors are integrated at the back edge of the antenna on the top metal layer.

Abstract: An antenna module includes a main body and a three-dimensional radiator embedded in the main body. The main body is made of foamed ceramic material. A method for making the antenna is also described.

Abstract: Provided is an antenna coil component including a bobbin around which a winding is wound, a base provided at least at one end side of the bobbin, and one or more metal terminals each fixed to the base, at least one metal terminal among these metal terminals including a fixing part for fixing the metal terminal to the base, a mounting part provided at a position away from the fixing part, and a neck part for connecting the fixing part and the mounting part to each other. The neck part has a length in a direction substantially orthogonal to a direction from the fixing part to the mounting part and substantially parallel to surfaces of the mounting part, which is narrower than that of the mounting part. Provided as well are an antenna unit using the antenna coil component, and a method of manufacturing the antenna coil component.

Abstract: Disclosed is a winglet radome assembly, which can include at least one antenna assembly that can send and receive signals, such as radio waves. Some implementations of the winglet radome assembly can be secured to a wing of an aircraft, such as a fixed-wing aircraft. In addition, the winglet radome assembly can be configured to secure to a distal end of the wing and can be securely adapted to a variety of aircraft.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a wavelength division multiplexing transmission apparatus, includes arranging laser devices in a line and fixing the laser devices to a first substrate, fixing to a second substrate reflectors arranged to multiplex laser beams emitted from the laser devices and to generate wavelength multiplexed light, and arranging collimator lenses on paths of the laser beams, adjusting positions of the collimator lenses so that the laser beams making up the wavelength multiplexed light become parallel and, thereafter, fixing the collimator lenses to the first substrate.

Abstract: A method of making a patch antenna includes the steps of: stamping a first metal plate to form a first plate body, a first aperture and a first protruding portion to thereby form a radiation metal layer; stamping a second metal plate to form a second plate body, a second aperture and a second protruding portion to thereby form a grounding metal layer; placing the metal layers in a mold to couple together the first and second protruding portions; and introducing an insulation material into the mold to form a dielectric layer between the metal layers.

Abstract: A planar antenna for wireless information transfer can include a planar loading portion electrically coupled to a driven node of a wireless communication circuit, and a folded conductive strip portion coupled to the planar loading portion, the folded conductive strip portion comprising at least two segments laterally offset from each other and at least partially laterally overlapping with each other. The planar loading portion can be configured to establish a specified bandwidth of a second operating frequency range, leaving a first specified operating frequency range substantially unchanged.

Abstract: A device for manufacturing an antenna pattern frame includes a conveyor for conveying a radiator sheet including antenna radiators successively arranged thereon in a form of cells, the antenna radiators including respective antenna pattern portions for receiving an external signal, a bending mold for successively forming connection terminal portions in the radiator sheet that is being conveyed, by using a bending process, and an injection mold for injection-molding antenna frames such that the antenna pattern portions are placed on one set of respective sides of the radiator frames and the connection terminal portions are placed on another set of respective opposite sides of the radiator frames.

Abstract: A security sensor includes a wall mount having features for fixing the wall mount to a wall to monitor an area for security. A cover is adapted to attach to the wall mount. The cover includes a base to couple to the wall mount, connectors to couple to a power source, a circuit board supported proximate the base and coupled to the connectors, the circuit board having a transmitter to receive signals from a sensor and wirelessly transmit the signals, and an antenna coupled to the circuit board and spaced from the wall to reduce electromagnetic interference from the wall.

Abstract: A slot array antenna where slots are arrayed in two directions is provided for suppressing occurrence of side lobes. An antenna includes a radiation waveguide part and probes. The radiation waveguide part has two sheets of metal plates facing each other and outwardly radiates a radio wave from a plurality of slots formed in one of the metal plates. Each probe is arranged for every slot to extend inward of the radiation waveguide part from the face where the slots are formed, and changes a transmission mode of the radio wave within the radiation waveguide part. The slots are narrow and arranged at fixed intervals in both a longitudinal direction and a lateral direction of the slots. The probe is disposed for every slot, on either side of the slot in the lateral direction. Between the adjacent slots, the probes are disposed on the opposite sides in the lateral direction.

Abstract: A dual stacked stripline circulator includes multiple composite ferrite discs, each having an inner portion and an outer portion; a first substrate having an edge with a first composite ferrite disc disposed in the first substrate; a second substrate having an edge with a second composite ferrite disc disposed in the second substrate; a third substrate having an edge with a third composite ferrite disc disposed in the third substrate, the third substrate disposed adjacent the second substrate; a fourth substrate having an edge with a fourth composite ferrite disc disposed in the fourth substrate; a first pattern defining three ports of a first three-port circulator disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; a second pattern defining three ports of a second three-port circulator disposed between the third substrate and the fourth substrate; and a metal film encircling the edge of the first, second, third and fourth substrate.