Abstract: A structural assembly includes a support structure and an elongate structure intersecting the support structure. The elongate structure has a length and a mass. The mass of the elongate structure varies along the length of the elongate structure. A localized mass of the elongate structure decreases toward the support structure and increases away from the support structure.

Abstract: A stator of an electric machine has first and second hairpin winding terminals connected with a first electrical phase and extending axially away from end windings of the stator. A hairpin winding of a second electrical phase is located circumferentially between the first-phase terminals and spaces them from one another. A jumper has spaced-apart C-hooks oriented face-to-face relative to one another and wrapping around respective exposed ends of the first-phase hairpin winding terminals. The jumper forms a bridge spanning between the first-phase hairpin winding terminals and over the second-phase hairpin winding terminal. During manufacturing of the stator, the C-hooks are slid axially downward onto respective non-insulated ends of the first-phase stator hairpin winding terminals. The C-hooks abut against and are axially positioned relative to the first-phase terminals by ledges defined by insulative coatings that cover portions of the first-phase hairpin winding terminals.

Abstract: Provided is a column-beam joint structure 1, wherein a plurality of thick-walled portions 3, notches 7, and narrow-width portions 9a on a central side of a flange plate 5 are formed integrally, cutting (dividing) is effected at a cut line 8, and the thick-walled portion 3 is welded and joined to a column 2a.

Abstract: A wall construction system having drywall construction combination profiled sections, and a method for constructing a wall. Standard drywall construction profiled sections using sheet metal that is approximately 0.6 mm thick allow easy manual sheathing of stud walls with building panels, but lightweight sheet metal profiled sections of this type are not suitable for bearing static loads of a house. Thicker walled lightweight steel profiled sections greatly improve stability but require more costly assembly technologies needing specialists, which increases construction costs and therefore stops drywall-constructed housing from becoming more widespread. The new combination profiled sections provide for statically stable construction systems that can nevertheless be worked and sheathed simply and easily. The present drywall construction combination profiled section includes two functional sections.

Abstract: A structural support beam having a top wall joined to a side wall at an angle substantially different from a right angle. When installed in a facility or machine with the side wall parallel to a vertical reference, no surface on the support beam is parallel to a horizontal reference, thereby providing for rapid and thorough draining of water deposited on any surface of the beam. Some beam embodiments place the top wall at an angle of about twenty degrees above a horizontal reference when the beam is installed. Alternatively, the top wall may be at an angle of about twenty degrees below the horizontal reference. Some beam embodiments have an open side. Alternatively, a bottom wall may be attached to a side wall to form a tubular support beam. A support beam may include a lower beam joined to an upper beam by a connector bar.

Abstract: A high-strength grid member is provided that comprises two standard Tee-shaped grid members that are vertically aligned to form an I-beam configuration with the strengthening bulbs of each being spaced apart. A plurality of clips is secured to the spaced-apart bulbs by means of fasteners to secure the two grid members together.

Abstract: A seismic steel tubular column with internal local restraint and filled with high-strength compound concrete containing normal-strength demolished concrete lumps, and a construction process. The seismic column includes a steel tube (1), high-strength fresh concrete (2), normal-strength demolished concrete lumps (3), horizontal stirrups (4), and longitudinal erection bars (5). The horizontal stirrups (4) are arranged at upper and lower ends inside the steel tube (1). The high-strength fresh concrete (2) is poured and the normal-strength demolished concrete lumps (3) are put alternately inside the steel tube (1). A compressive strength of the high-strength fresh concrete (2) is 30˜90 MPa greater than that of the normal-strength demolished concrete lumps (3).

Abstract: Stiffening beads (55A, 55B) are formed in turned portions in a region of a fillet bead (53) formed in a single stroke manner. At this time, it is set in such a manner that welding start positions of the stiffening beads (55A, 55B) are in a region near the fillet bead and do not exist independently without mixing with other weld beads.

Abstract: A tubular support beam having a self-draining surface, comprising a first channel having a first channel side wall and a first channel bottom wall, wherein the first channel side wall forms a substantially 90° interior angle with the first channel bottom wall and a second channel having a second channel side wall and a second channel bottom wall, wherein the second channel side wall forms a substantially 90° interior angle with the second channel bottom wall. Either the first channel and/or the second channel having an angled or convex top wall, wherein the first channel and the second channel are joined to provide a self-draining surface for the tubular support beam. The self-draining tubular support beam may be implemented into hygienically designed food processing equipment to eliminate undesirable horizontal surfaces.

Abstract: A system and apparatus are disclosed including PV modules having a frame allowing quick and easy assembling of the PV modules into a PV array in a sturdy and durable manner. In examples of the present technology, the PV modules may have a grooved frame where the groove is provided at an angle with respect to a planar surface of the modules. Various couplings may engage within the groove to assemble the PV modules into the PV array with a pivot-fit connection. Further examples of the present technology operate with PV modules having frames without grooves, or with PV modules where the frame is omitted altogether.

Abstract: An improved W-column provides flange tabs on the top-and-bottom outside corners of the W-column flanges, and vertical bolt-on connections to temporarily mount one column positioned by a crane on top of another by bolting the bolt-on connections to the corresponding flange tabs to properly align one W-column above another W-column. The improved W-column further allows the two vertically positioned W-columns also to be connected together by bolting the web of the upper W-column to the web of the lower W-column before permanently welding the two vertical W-columns together. Once positioned, these vertically aligned W-columns are can be permanently joined together with the Arcmatic® VertaSlag® ESW-NG welding process. In this manner all vertical W-column elements of a steel framed high rise building can be quickly erected.

Abstract: Hot-rolled high-strength steel elongated structural members and method of making same are disclosed by hot-rolling high-strength steel having a specific chemical composition to provide structural units. The units are then welded together to provide structural members of desired geometrical configuration including a thin web with opposed thicker flanges extending therefrom to increase the load bearing capacity of the members.

Abstract: A structural reinforcement device for insertion into a cavity of a structure and method for making the same including a first reinforcement section that has at least one projection of a first expandable polymeric material secured to it; and a separate second reinforcement section mated with the first reinforcement section, the second reinforcement section being configured to include at least one cavity, into which the at least one projection penetrates upon mating, and at least one aperture defined therein through which the expandable material flows during expansion and where it will remain upon curing of the material, thereby causing the first reinforcement section to be coupled with the second reinforcement section.

Abstract: A composite steel I-beam member. The member includes confined top and bottom flanges, and a composite laminated web. The confined flange comprises a wooden core and a metal jacket wrapped around an outer perimeter of the wooden core. The overall load carrying capacity of the composite I-beam is significantly increased through a list of composite actions occurring in the individual components and their connections. Most importantly, a two-way lateral interaction can be normal to the interface between the metal jacket and the wooden core and provide an amount of compressive support to the top flange surpassing the sum of amount of support provided by the metal jacket and the wooden core when being used separately.

Abstract: Multifunctional modular mother-beam built in structural steel or similar light, sturdy material, with a “U” configuration and provided with holes along its entire length, either on the back side, on the flanks, or on the edges, by which said mother-beams connect to one another either through their back sides, their flanks, or their edges, at any angle. They are fastened with screws inserted into said holes, with no need for welding. The flanks and edges are bended to facilitate fitting and fastening of the mother-beams. Mother-beams may connect by overlapping their back sides, by joining their edges, by joining their flanks, by joining flanks with edges, edges or flanks with the back side, through direct or reversed connection. It can act as a beam, pillar, trussed beam or bar, being especially useful in the construction of large areas, such as pavilions or similar constructions.

Abstract: An elongated purlin for use in roof structures including an elongated solid continuous strip of metal, the strip of metal having multiple bends parallel with the longitudinal axis to form and define an elongated mounting wall, an elongated upright wall extending from the mounting wall, a first cross piece extending horizontally outwardly in opposite directions from the plane of the upright wall, a second cross piece integrally attached to the first cross piece and extending horizontally outwardly in opposite directions from the plane of the upright wall, and each of the first and second cross pieces having bent double layer construction. The first and second cross pieces are spaced apart to define channels designed to receive an edge of a solar panel or roof section engaged therein.

Abstract: A crane, in particular an overhead crane or gantry crane, comprising at least one crane girder, which extends horizontally and is designed as a trussed girder having an upper run and a lower run. A crane trolley having a lifting device can be moved on the crane girder. The invention further relates to a method for assembling a crane girder, comprising an assembly step for producing the trussed structure of the crane girder. The crane girder includes an adapter on at least one of the two opposite ends, which adapter can be fastened to the upper run and the lower run in such a way that the adapter can be oriented relative to the upper run and the lower run and then the adapter can be welded onto the upper run and the lower run in a desired position.

Abstract: A composite action support structure for a bridge or other civil infrastructure includes an elongate member made of a plastic material and providing load bearing capability. A cover plate is made of a plastic material and extends along at least a portion of the length of the elongate member. A lower surface of the cover plate is mated to the upper surface of the elongate member. A plurality of panels made of a plastic material are arranged at an angle to the cover plate, and a lower surface of each of the panels mates with an upper surface of the cover plate. The elongate member, the cover plate and the plurality of panels form a structural unit. The plastic materials used can include virgin plastic, thermoplastic, recycled thermoplastic composite, recycled structural composite, combinations thereof, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a modular panel for thermal energy transfer particularly configured for being used in ceilings and walls, comprising a heat-insulating layer (2) forming a supporting structure demarcated by a lower face (2A), an upper face (2B), two side faces (2C, 2D) and two end faces (2E, 2F). Said panel (1) comprises at least one conducting plate (3) attached to the lower face (2A). Said conducting plate (3) is formed by a groove (31) embedded in the heat-insulating layer (2), defining a longitudinal cavity (32) which is configured to house a hydraulic pipe (6), and defining a longitudinal opening (34) which allows inserting the hydraulic pipe (6); a transfer plate (35) extending on the lower face (2A) and closure means (4) configured to seal the longitudinal opening (34) and press the hydraulic pipe (6) against the groove (31).

Abstract: The ultra-high performance concrete reinforcement bars replace conventional steel tension bars and the like in the reinforcement of construction elements, such as concrete beams. The ultra-high performance concrete reinforcement bars are formed from ultra-high performance concrete reinforced with steel fiber. The reinforcement bars are preferably deformed to improve bonding at the interface between conventional concrete in the beam and the reinforcement bars. The bars are disposed in the area of the beam known as the tension area when the beam is subjected to a bending stress to provide tensile reinforcement.

Abstract: A structural beam, and methods for use, comprising a prefabricated structural concrete portion and a poured-in-place structural concrete portion, wherein said poured-in-place portion comprises at least ten percent of the total weight of said structural beam. Reinforcing extends from the prefabricated portion to the poured-in-place portion. In a preferred embodiment, the structural beam is an “inverted-T” beam, and the prefabricated structural concrete portion comprises the lower corbel portion of the beam, and the poured-in-place portion comprises an upper stem portion of the beam.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a steel pipe stiffening brace member which has a shaft constituted of a main shaft member and an auxiliary shaft member and a stiffening steel pipe obtained by connecting side edges of four flat steels surrounding the shaft to each other. In the stiffening steel pipe, inside nook portions facing a side edge of the main shaft member are formed in stiffening members 25 and 26 having a V- or L-shaped cross section by fillet welding, and outside corner portions 25b and 26b are formed in the stiffening members 25 and 26 by partial penetration welding. Thereafter, side edges of the stiffening members 25 and 26 are abutted against each other, outside corner portions 27b and 28b are temporarily assembled by partial penetration welding, and outside corner portions 25b and 26b and outside corner portions 27b and 28b are subjected to partial penetration welding.

Abstract: A roll-formed grid runner comprising a sheet metal strip folded into an upper hollow single wall reinforcing bulb, a double wall web below the bulb, a channel extending laterally from both sides of a lower end of the web to a bend and upwardly from the bend to a panel supporting elevation, the bend on each side of the web existing at a longitudinally extending score line where a thickness of the strip is locally reduced.

Abstract: Methods and systems to manufacture bonded corrugation truss-based structures. This allows the ability to change the dimensions of the individual structural features of the corrugations, i.e. thickness of the core, face sheet thickness, relative density of the core, and the alloys. The nodal design which provides ideal stress/strain distribution for in-plane and out-off plane loading. The node has a curved/smooth triple point intersection which in turn can provide best load transfer interface with high integrity/toughness. The bonded corrugation truss based structure can be continuous to any length only limited by the volume of the extrusion billet and the press capacity. An aspect of the bonded corrugation structures may include friction stir welding of the face sheets or any fusion welding of panels with edge members for strengthening allows fabrication of panels of any width and length. Bonding panels enables the fabrication of structures of any width.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a reinforced concrete beam which greatly increases the effectiveness of stirrups in contributing to shear resistance. The method for fabricating a reinforced concrete beam generally includes the steps of positioning a plurality of rebars parallel with respect to each other to form the internal reinforced frame of the beam. A plurality of stirrups may then be extended around the plurality of rebars to provide additional support. An equivalent spacing value is computed in terms of transverse spacing (sw), longitudinal spacing (sL) and effective depth (d) and efficiency is then maximized in light of practical considerations by varying the transverse spacing (sw), In a preferred embodiment, after calculating the longitudinal spacing (sL) of the stirrups and the effective depth (d) of the rebars, the stirrups are positioned within the rebars using a transverse spacing (sw) calculated by the following equation: s w = ( s L d ) 0.5 ? d .

Abstract: A balanced, single-layered web beam for a grid in a panel suspended ceiling, wherein opposing flanges at the bottom of the web are cantilevered directly from the bottom of the web. When the flanges are equally loaded by the panels, the resultant load on the beam passes through the vertical plane of the web, so the beam does not twist or bend.

Abstract: A balanced, single-layered web beam for a grid in a suspended ceiling, wherein opposing flanges at the bottom of the web are cantilevered directly from the bottom of the web. When the flanges are equally loaded, the resultant load on the beam passes through the vertical plane of the web, so the beam does not twist or bend.

Abstract: An elongated grid runner, and its manufacture, comprising a pair of overlying metal strips roll-formed together into a shape suitable for use in a rectangular grid to support ceiling panels, one of said strips serving as a visible cap for concealing the other strip forming the main body of the grid runner when the grid member is employed in a completed ceiling, the strips being lanced at each end of the grid runner to lock the cap strip on the main body strip whereby when the overlying strips are simultaneously cut to a finish length prior to finish roll-forming, the ends of the strip are maintained in substantially overlying end-to-end registration where the cap is visible in a finished ceiling.

Abstract: A balanced, single-layered web beam for a grid in a drywall suspended ceiling, wherein opposing flanges at the bottom of the web are cantilevered directly from the bottom of the web. When the flanges are equally loaded by the drywall sheets, the resultant load on the beam passes through the vertical plane of the web, so the beam does not twist or bend.

Abstract: An elongated purlin for use in roof structures includes an elongated mounting wall designed to be mounted to and supported on roof beams, an upright wall affixed to the mounting wall and extending longitudinally approximately the length of the mounting wall, and first and second horizontally outwardly opening channels affixed to the upright wall and extending approximately the length of the upright wall. The first and second channels open outwardly in opposite directions and each of the first and second channels is designed to receive an edge of a solar panel or roof section engaged therein.

Abstract: A yield support prop for a mine includes a first metal tube extending from the mine floor having a first portion having a first outside diameter and a second portion having a second outside diameter. The prop includes a second metal tube that is disposed about the first portion and extends toward the mine roof, when the second tube receives a load from the mine roof, the second portion deforms the second tube and expands the second tube creating resistance against the load from the mine roof. A method for supporting a mine roof. A method for building a yieldable mine prop.

Abstract: Techniques for building construction using fabricated timbers. In one example, such timbers are fabricated using conventional 2× (two-by) lumber to produce a square log appearance. These fabricated timbers are stacked to form outside and/or inside walls. The fabricated timbers and walls are configured to sustain desired vertical and lateral loads anticipated of a building such as a cabin, home, garage, barn, office building, or the like. A building constructed using such timbers appears to be built of square logs. Fabricated timber construction, as compared to conventional log or stick-frame construction, provides the appearance of high-quality log construction at a far lower cost, with higher R-values and appraised values, and is also far lower in cost and much simpler than conventional stick-frame construction.

Abstract: A grid tee and method of making the same comprising an elongated sheet metal strip folded on itself to integrally form a lower double wall flange, a hollow upper reinforcing bulb, and a web extending upwardly between the flange and bulb, the flange generally lying in a horizontal plane, having opposed spaced parallel edges extending longitudinally, and being perpendicular to the web, the web lying in a generally vertical plane, the strip having two longitudinal extending marginal edge zones, said marginal edge zones being generally vertically disposed and fixed at least at longitudinally spaced locations to a central area of the strip that forms a portion of the web and forming a double web layer area, the marginal edge zones of the strip being vertically spaced from one another such that a portion of the central area of the strip that forms a part of the web is a single exclusive layer.

Abstract: A roll-formed grid runner comprising a sheet metal strip folded into an upper hollow single wall reinforcing bulb, a double wall web below the bulb, a channel extending laterally from both sides of a lower end of the web to a bend and upwardly from the bend to a panel supporting elevation, the bend on each side of the web existing at a longitudinally extending score line where a thickness of the strip is locally reduced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cold rolled steel beam comprising: a web having two layers of steel, the web having a top end and a bottom end; a pair of bottom flanges extending outwardly from the bottom end of the web; and a pair of top flanges extending outwardly from the top end of the web, each top flange having two layers of steel. Preferably, a portion of each bottom flange has two layers of steel, and the cold rolled steel beam includes a pair of end connectors extending generally orthogonally from the web and positioned generally orthogonally to the bottom flanges and the top flanges. Preferably, the cold rolled steel beam is cold formed from a unitary piece of sheet steel.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a reinforced concrete beam which greatly increases the effectiveness of stirrups in contributing to shear resistance. The method for fabricating a reinforced concrete beam generally includes the steps of positioning a plurality of rebars parallel with respect to each other to form the internal reinforced frame of the beam. A plurality of stirrups may then be extended around the plurality of rebars to provide additional support. An equivalent spacing value is computed in terms of transverse spacing (sw), longitudinal spacing (sL) and effective depth (d) and efficiency is then maximized in light of practical considerations by varying the transverse spacing (sw), In a preferred embodiment, after calculating the longitudinal spacing (sL) of the stirrups and the effective depth (d) of the rebars, the stirrups are positioned within the rebars using a transverse spacing (sw) calculated by the following equation: s w = ( s L d ) 0.5 ? d .

Abstract: A lightweight beam may have a triangular prism core and a triaxial fabric cover wrapped around the core, with at least one rod proximate an apex of the core. The rod may extend substantially parallel to a centerline of the core. Multiple lightweight beams may be joined to form a larger lightweight structure.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a beam suitable for providing support to, for example, an automobile body. More specifically, the present invention relates to a steel boxed I-beam structure having compound curves, formed without use of a dedicated fixture or jig. Typically, the steel boxed I-beam structure provides a strong support that can be manufactured with a minimum of effort, and without the use of heavier shop machinery.

Abstract: A linear construction truss comprising a hollow shell with a square cross section and a core composed of linked tetrahedra, and a method of manufacturing of said linear construction truss.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus comprising a tensioner, first clamp, first slide, second clamp, and second slide. A tensioner may be adapted to apply a tensile force along a first dimension, may comprise a first end and a second end movable with respect to one another, and may be adapted to apply a clamping force therebetween. A first slide may be adapted to secure the first clamp such that the first clamp is substantially free to move in a second dimension and may comprise a first end and a second end movable with respect to one another. A second clamp may be adapted to apply a clamping force between the first end and the second end and may be adapted to secure the second clamp, such that the second clamp is substantially free to move in the second dimension.

Abstract: Methods and systems to manufacture lattice-based sandwich structures from monolithic material. Such methods and systems eliminate the bonding process which is conventionally used to join lattice based truss cores to facesheets to form sandwich structures. This bonded interface is a key mode of failure for sandwich structures which are subjected to shear or bending loads because the nodes transfer forces from the face sheets to the core members while the topology for a given core relative density dictates the load carrying capacity (assuming adequate node-bond strength exists). An aspect comprises a core and related structures that provide very low density, good crush resistance and high in-plane shear resistance. An aspect of the truss structures may include sandwich panel cores and lattice truss topology that may be designed to efficiently support panel bending loads while maintaining an open topology that facilitates multifunctional applications.

Abstract: A mine roof and rib support may include a support member having a roof support arm provided at an angle to a rib support arm, the roof support arm defining an aperture for receiving a mine roof bolt, and wherein the support member defines a channel having an opened side surface and two legs extending from the opened side surface to contact the mine roof and the mine rib. A method of supporting a rock formation may include positioning a support member having a roof support arm provided at an angle to a rib support arm, wherein the roof support arm defines an aperture for receiving a mine roof bolt and a channel having an opened side surface and two legs extending from the opened side surface to contact the mine roof surface and the mine rib surface extending a mine roof bolt through the roof support arm aperture.

Abstract: An automated assembly, system and method for a narrow-gap Electroslag-welded moment connection welded between horizontal beam to vertical column flanges includes vertical column doubler plates affixed to the column web and horizontal beam doubler plates affixed to the beam web with alignment of the respective webs/doubler plates to carry the moment load through the vertical support columns. An embodiment includes a radius in each horizontal beam doubler plate. The assembly, system and method is readily applicable to overdesign moment load factors.

Abstract: A steel composite beam is manufactured by T-shaped steel, inverse T-shaped steels installed at opposite ends of the T-shaped steel, and vertical stiffeners installed on the inverse T-shaped steels. A method for manufacturing a composite beam using T-shaped steel and a method of constructing a structure using the same are capable of using less steel and minimizing dead weight of the composite beam compared to a steel composite beam having the same cross section and depth, and designing a cross section of the composite beam in an efficient and economical manner due to the pre-stress caused by tendons, providing easy connection with column members on the basis of length, providing efficient construction, easy management, and convenient construction for ceilings and finishing equipment due to light dead weight.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a crossbeam and the respective crossbeam (1), intended to reinforce the instrument panel of a motor vehicle, guarantee its rigidity and support various devices, the said process being characterised by an alignment between only one main hollow metal body (2) with an elliptical cross-section and one secondary body (3) which is also metal and hollow and has an elliptical or circular cross-section, in that in this alignment the longitudinal axes of the said bodies are coaxial or parallel, in that also in this alignment the contour line of the outer wall of the secondary body is confined by the contour line of the inner wall of the main body, in that prior to this alignment the main body is conformed so as to adapt to the secondary body and in that, in the final phase, the two bodies are connected.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for forming a variable gauge metal sheet into a desired shape, said process comprising: providing a variable gauge metal sheet having a first surface and a second surface, the metal sheet having a thickness measured at any point on the metal sheet as the distance between the first surface and the second surface, the thickness of the metal sheet being different over a first portion of the sheet than over a second portion of the sheet, and forming said metal sheet into a first desired shape by bending the metal sheet about a first fold line, said first fold line extending through both the first portion and the second portion, to bring segments of the first surface of the metal sheet on either side of the first fold line into increased opposition with each other.

Abstract: A self-reinforced structural member is disclosed. The structural member includes a vertical web between a first horizontal flange and a second horizontal flange. The vertical web includes a self-reinforced opening formed from cut portions of the web.

Abstract: The present invention is a structural beam having at least one composite core within a hollow beam of metal or polymeric material, i.e. a jacket, and a layer of elastomeric material between the composite core and the inner walls of the metal or polymeric jacket. This structural beam also may be fitted with brackets or holes at its ends and points along its length to allow attachment to other structural elements. The present beam provides a synergism between the properties of its composite core and the metal or polymeric jacket, and is particularly useful where a high strength to weight ratio is required.

Abstract: A hollow flange channel beam has a planar web with a pair of narrow rectangular cross-section flanges extending along opposite sides of said web and extending perpendicular to a face of said web in the same direction. The section capacity is optimized when Wf=(0.3)Db, Wf=(3.0)Df and WF=(30)t.

Abstract: Structural building components and a method of constructing the same enable improved beams that can be constructed at a place of use. The method includes providing a first flange (16) and a second flange (18) defining a central beam axis (55). A number of separately formed web sections (12) are provided, each having two convergent side walls (42) and a central wall (40) extending between converging ends of the side walls (42). The web sections (12) are arranged side by side in an alternating arrangement wherein the central walls (40) of adjacent web sections (12) are spaced substantially parallel to each other and are transversely staggered relative to the central beam axis (55). The side walls of adjacent web sections (12) are connected to one another, and the web sections (12) are connected to both the first flange (16) and second flange (18).