Abstract: A light emitting apparatus can prevent unevenness in illuminance from being produced. This light emitting apparatus 5 has: light emitting elements 3 that emit light; and light flux controlling members 4 that control the traveling directions of light emitted from light emitting elements 3, and a plurality of grid convex parts 13 are formed in back surface 12 (i.e. lens bottom surface) of light flux controlling member 4. Grid convex parts 13 vary the incident angles of light incident on back surface 12 of light flux controlling member 4. Therefore, light incident from back surface 12 is scattered without being concentrated, and is emitted from light flux controlling member 4.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to provide an organic LED element in which the extraction efficiency is improved up to 80% of emitted light, and provides a translucent substrate comprising a translucent glass substrate; a scattering layer formed on the glass substrate and comprising a glass which contains a base material having a first refractive index for at least one wavelength of light to be transmitted and a plurality of scattering materials dispersed in the base material and having a second refractive index different from that of the base material; and a translucent electrode formed on the scattering layer and having a third refractive index higher than the first refractive index, wherein distribution of the scattering materials in the scattering layer decreases toward the translucent electrode.

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp includes a luminous tube, an outer bulb housing the luminous tube, and a diffusing film formed on at least one of inner and outer surfaces of the outer bulb, in which the diffusing film includes first silica particles having shapes different in surface curvature from each other and hollow second silica particles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a light emitting diode module illuminating lamp which is provided with a main body provided with a light irradiating part, a support and a support panel integrally formed together and formed with a inserting part at an outer perimeter thereof and a light emitting source placed within the main body and provided with a light emitting diode and a reinforcing support panel, and is able to uniformly irradiate the light of the light emitting diode emitted from an inside of the main body to an outside, obtain an effect as if a plurality of light irradiating parts were used by using a single light irradiating part and reduce the number of the light irradiating parts per unit area to save a cost.

Abstract: A light emitting diode display device includes a substrate having a first conductive portion and a second conductive portion. A light emitting diode die is coupled to the first conductive portion. A wire bond is coupled to the light emitting diode die and coupled to the second conductive portion. An encapsulant encases the light emitting diode die and the wire bond above the substrate. An overlay is above the encapsulant, wherein the overlay has a high glass transition temperature.

Abstract: An apparatus such as a light source is disclosed which has an OLED device and a microstructured film disposed on the substrate or transparent electrode of said OLED device and on the exterior of said OLED device. The microstructured film contains features which diffuse light emitted by said OLED device and increase the luminance of the device.

Abstract: Provided is an electrodeless sulfur lamp including a power supply supplying electrical power, a transparent bulb which has a space inside it, with sulfur being contained in the space, and a coil connected to the power supply, which is wound around an outside surface of the transparent bulb and which induces electric discharge by combining magnetic fields. The exclusion of the magnetron in the sulfur lamp increase a system efficacy and saves a cost for the magnetron. Also, it is possible to prevent the coil from blocking light emitted from the main electric discharge sphere 11, because the coil is not wound around the main electric discharge sphere.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device includes, on a substrate, a pixel having a luminescent functional layer which is sandwiched by a first electrode and a second electrode, and a unit pixel group composed of a plurality of the pixels. A scattering portion which scatters luminescent light of the luminescent functional layer is provided in a pixel selected from the unit pixel group.

Abstract: There is provided a discharge lamp lighting apparatus including a dimmer circuit which is provided with a control means to dynamically adjust screen brightness according to an input signal, and a control means to adjust screen brightness based on a user's operation. The dimmer circuit includes: an amplitude adjusting circuit to superpose a first dimming control signal composed of a DC voltage onto a second dimming control signal composed of a pulse width modulation signal; an integration circuit to integrate an output of the amplitude adjusting circuit; and a comparison circuit to compare an output of the integration circuit with a triangular wave having a predetermined frequency thereby generating a dimming signal, wherein a burst dimming mode is performed according to the dimming signal.

Abstract: A light emitting device having a transparent substrate, a light emitting stack, and a transparent adhesive layer is provided. The light emitting stack is disposed above the transparent substrate and comprises a diffusing surface. The transparent adhesive layer is disposed between the transparent substrate and the diffusing surface of the light emitting stack; an index of refraction of the light emitting stack is different from that of the transparent adhesive layer.

Abstract: A back light unit for a liquid crystal display device for improving uniformity of the light and dispensing with optical sheets. The back light unit includes a light source having a holographic pattern formed on a surface thereof opposite the display device which is to display a picture, and a reflective plate under the light source.

Abstract: A projection apparatus including a lamp, a light valve and a projection lens is provided. The light valve is disposed on a transmission path of an illumination beam from the lamp for converting the illumination beam into an image beam, and the projection lens is disposed on a transmission path of the image beam. The lamp includes a lampshade, a filament, a first connector, a second connector, a lead wire and a diffuser. The lampshade has a bottom and a light-emitting section opposite to the bottom. The filament is disposed inside the lampshade, the first connector is disposed at the bottom and electrically connected to the filament, the second connector is disposed on the lampshade adjacent to the light-emitting section, the lead wire is connected between the filament and the second connector, and at least a part of the diffuser is disposed between the lead wire and the light-emitting section.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser device is provided, which comprises a semiconductor laser element having a light emission surface, a reflective member having a reflective surface, and a light diffusing member provided between the light emission surface and the reflective surface. The light emission surface and the reflective surface face each other so that an external resonance cavity is provided therebetween. Scattered light is emitted from the light diffusing member.

Abstract: An infrared heat lamp has a reflector body closed by a lens and having a source of infrared radiation positioned within the body. The lens has a plurality of lenticules formed thereon to provide substantially uniform radiant intensity within a 50° cone on a planar surface spaced from the lens, the radiant intensity varying as the inverse of (cos ?)2. In a preferred embodiment all of the lenticules have a parabolic shape.

Abstract: A light emitting diode, capable of accomplishing enlargement of emitted range of light and equalization of brightness of emitted light has a substrate (22), electrodes (23a, 23b), a light emitting element (24) mounted on the substrate (22) and connected electrically with the electrodes (23a, 23b), a resinous cover (26) for sealing the light emitting element (24) and electrodes (23a, 23b) and an uneven shaped light scattering part (30) provided on the surface of the cover.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lamp for a vehicle headlight with low-beam function, which lamp has an outer envelope and emits at least visible light of different colors from several regions of the outer envelope, characterized in that in that a partial coating is at least provided on the outer envelope such that, when the low-beam function is being realized, at least that region of the traffic space which lies above the bright-dark cut-off can be at least partly illuminated with visible colored light which is scattered at said partial coating, while at the same time that region of the traffic space which lies below the bright-dark cut-off can be illuminated with visible light of a different color in defined regions.

Abstract: A reflector assembly includes at least one reflector body having an inner cavity including a first inner surface conformable along a first geometric curve, and a second inner surface conformable along a second geometric curve. An outer surface is conformable about the first geometric curve. A plurality of through apertures are spaced about the reflector body, each formed between the outer surface and a transition region between the first inner surface and the second inner surface. A coolant flow source directs a coolant toward the reflector body. A first portion of the coolant contacts the outer surface, and a second portion of the coolant enters the inner cavity through the apertures. Providing apertures at or adjacent to the change in reflector body wall thickness allows a positive flow of cooling medium around and into the reflector body, while positioning an arc lamp outside of a cooling medium direct impingement path.

Abstract: Optical devices using reflective polarizers and, in particular, diffusely reflective polarizers are provided. Many of the optical devices utilize the diffusely reflecting and specularly transmitting properties of diffusely reflecting polarizers to enhance their optical characteristics. The optical devices include a lighting system which uses a reflector formed from a diffusely reflecting polarizer attached to a specular reflector. Another optical device is a display apparatus which uses a diffusely reflecting polarizer layer in combination with a turning lens which folds shallow angle light toward a light modulating layer. Other optical devices exploit the depolarizing characteristics of a diffusely reflecting polarizer when reflecting light. Still other optical devices use diffusely reflecting polarizers to recycle light and improve display illumination.

Abstract: A backlight unit is disposed beneath a display panel. The backlight unit includes an illumination means, which is used to provide a light source, and a diffuser positioned between the illumination means and the display panel, which is used to scatter the light generated by the illumination means. The diffuser, which is composed of liquid crystal particles and polymer, has a plurality of regions. The region thatis closer to the illumination means has greater scattering effect. In addition, the region with the greatest scattering effect has a shape corresponding to the illumination means.

Abstract: A high-brightness flat lamp structure comprises a reflecting plate, a plurality of UV light sources, a macromolecular polymer layer and a fluorescent powder layer. The UV light sources and the macromolecular polymer layer are sandwiched between the reflecting plate and the fluorescent powder layer. The functions of diffusing and guiding light of the macromolecular polymer layer are exploited to let UV lights emitted by the UV light sources and reflected by the reflecting plate excite the fluorescent powder layer to radiate high-brightness visible lights. Besides, macromolecular polymer and fluorescent powder can be mixed up to form a mixed layer of macromolecular polymer and fluorescent powder to let UV lights emitted by the UV light sources and reflected by the reflecting plate directly excite fluorescent powder to radiate high-brightness visible lights.

Abstract: A light source comprises an electroluminescent panel and a reflective polarizer that is preferably polymeric, birefringent, or both. The reflective polarizer is positioned to receive light generated by the light generating layer. The reflective polarizer transmits light of a first polarization and reflects light of a second polarization back to the light generating layer. The light generating layer diffusely reflects and randomizes the polarization state of the reflected light and recirculates the reflected light back to the reflective polarizer.

Abstract: A light emitting diode lamp has a pair of lead frames, and a light emitting element mounted on a head of one of the lead frames. A light emitting body encapsulates the heads of the lead frames and the light emitting element by molding, with the pair of lead frames having legs which stick out of a bottom surface of the light emitting body. The light emitting body is provided with protrusions at appropriate positions along the periphery of the bottom surface. The protrusions project away from the light emitting body, beyond an area in the bottom surface where the legs of the lead frames stick out. A method for producing the light emitting diode lamp is also disclosed.

Abstract: A lamp containing a radiation source, a luminescent material and a radiation scattering material located between the radiation source and the luminescent material is provided. The lamp may be a white emitting lamp. The radiation source may be a blue emitting LED. The luminescent material may be a yellow emitting phosphor or dye. The radiation scattering material may be ceramic particles, such as TiO2 particles, in a carrier medium, such as glass, epoxy or silicone.

Abstract: An incandescent tube bulb replacement assembly that is used in place of a horizontal incandescent tube light in a standard interior horizontal tube light fixture. The assembly includes a small printed circuit board (PCB) with a plurality of LEDs mounted perpendicularly thereon. During installation, the existing horizontal incandescent tube is removed and replaced with an LED assembly so that the LEDs fit into the center of the reflector. Attached to the opposite sides of the PCB are two, upward extending conductor arms that snap-fit into the two existing end conductors. The PCB includes a lighting circuit that allows the assembly to connect without regard to the polarity.

Abstract: A lamp body of the compact spot and flood light type suitable for use with a compact fluorescent light source, wherein the lamp body includes a lamp head, a lampshade for reflecting the light emitted from the light source, and an adapter connected to the lamp head, wherein the lampshade is formed by the integration of at least two coaxial conical surfaces with different vertex angles.

Abstract: An optical diffusion sheet comprising a transparent substrate and an optical diffusion layer having fine concavo-convex shape on a surface, wherein 60° glossiness of a surface of the fine concavo-convex shape is 70% or less, and a haze value of the optical diffusion sheet is 30% or more, and in a viewing display equipped with an optical element comprising the optical diffusion sheet provided thereto, following conditions; C1/C0≧0.2, C2/C0≧0.1, C3/C0≧0.1, are satisfied, as C0 when surface illumination is 0 lux, as C1 when surface illumination is 500 lux, as C2 when surface illumination is 1000 lux, and as C3 when surface illumination is 2000 lux., prevent reflection from outside environment, is excellent antiglare property, and suppress whitish display in an image viewing display surface to give an excellent clearness, and further screen glare.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device comprising: a back electrode; an organic light-emitting layer; a transparent electrode; a first reflective mirror; a substrate; and a second reflective mirror in this order, the second reflective mirror having R1(&thgr;=0°) of 80 to 100% and R2(&thgr;=0°) of 0 to 40%, wherein R1(&thgr;) is an average reflectance at a wavelength &lgr; being 400 nm to (&lgr;0−&Dgr;&lgr;) (where &lgr;0 is a resonance wavelength; and &Dgr;&lgr;=&lgr;max−&lgr;0, &lgr;max is a maximum wavelength that is obtained by measuring reflectance having the same value equal to R&agr; in a wavelength range about 400-700 nm, and R&agr; is an average reflectance at a wavelength range from 400 nm to (&lgr;0−100) nm) at an incidence angle &thgr;, and R2(&thgr;) is an average reflectance at a wavelength &lgr; is &lgr;0 to 700 nm at an incidence angle &thgr;.

Abstract: A backlight unit is disposed beneath a display panel. The backlight unit includes an illumination means, which is used to provide a light source, and a diffuser positioned between the illumination means and the display panel, which is used to scatter the light generated by the illumination means. The diffuser, which is composed of liquid crystal particles and polymer, has a plurality of regions.The region thatis closer to the illumination means has greater scattering effect. In addition, the region with the greatest scattering effect has a shape corresponding to the illumination means.

Abstract: A compact and efficient illumination system is provided that is particularly suitable for illuminating a micro display and places the light source within the view of the display. In one embodiment, the illumination system comprises a light source, a package for the light source having a reflective surface on at least one side of the light source, and a diffuser opposite the reflective surface in direct view of the light source. The invention further comprises a film stack to receive light through the diffuser, the film stack transmitting light within a maximum exit angle and reflecting substantially all other light to the diffuser.

Abstract: According to the conventional technique, light discharge efficiency was improved by orientation in the direction vertical to the device plane. However, a big reflection loss was caused by increased anisotropy in the refractive index of the light emitting layer, and discharge efficiency could not be improved as expected. Further, characteristics related to the angle of field were deteriorated by excessive directivity.

Abstract: A lighting unit with a reflecting mirror to prevent irradiation nonuniformity on an irradiated surface, produced by arranging a bulb as a light source in a funnel-shaped reflecting mirror having a reflecting surface and by arranging a plurality of fine reflecting surfaces on the reflecting surface non-radially and non-concentrically without clearance. Preferably the fine reflecting surfaces appear to be a honeycomb, and are formed substantially the same size of 0.01-5 mm long, 0.01-5 mm wide.

Abstract: A jacketed lamp bulb envelope includes a ceramic cup having an open end and a partially closed end, the partially closed end defining an aperture, a lamp bulb positioned inside the ceramic cup abutting the aperture, and a reflective ceramic material at least partially covering a portion of the bulb not abutting the aperture. The reflective ceramic material may substantially fill an interior volume of the ceramic cup not occupied by the bulb. The ceramic cup may include a structural feature for aiding in alignment of the jacketed lamp bulb envelope in a lamp. The ceramic cup may include an external flange about a periphery thereof. One example of a jacketed lamp bulb envelope includes a ceramic cup having an open end and a closed end, a ceramic washer covering the open end of the ceramic cup, the washer defining an aperture therethrough, a lamp bulb positioned inside the ceramic cup abutting the aperture, and a reflective ceramic material filling an interior volume of the ceramic cup not occupied by the bulb.

Abstract: A plasma display device including: a front substrate and a rear substrate assembled to face each other; partition walls equidistantly disposed between the front and rear substrates to define a plurality of discharge cells; phosphorous layers respectively formed on inner surfaces of discharge cells; groups of stripe-shaped electrodes formed on the front and rear substrates to be orthogonal with respect to each other; and a reflective plate installed at the back surface of the rear substrate.

Abstract: A yellow bug lamp whose coating is cadmium-free. The coating comprises sulfate precipitated silica, aluminum silicate pigment, zirconium praseodymiun yellow zircon and nickel titanium yellow rutile and has color coordinates of x=0.5341 to 0.5406 and y=0.4400 to 0.4378.

Abstract: An LED lamp according to the present invention emits light approximately in all directions like a small filament lamp. The LED lamp is a light emitting bulb-shaped unit, and comprises an epoxy resin bulb-shaped portion; two leads of which one end is extended outside the bulb-shaped portion and the other end is embedded in the bulb-shaped portion; and an LED chip connected to the ends of the two leads and embedded in the bulb-shaped portion. The surface of the bulb-shaped portion of the LED lamp is formed in an appropriate process to be a frosted glass surface, a cut-diamond surface, a surface covered with small particles, or an optically-diffusing cap. Thus, a durable, non-fragile, and small power-consuming LED lamp can be obtained.

Abstract: A light source for backlighting a display panel comprises a light-emitting device such as an incandescent light bulb or LED array disposed within a cavity having diffusely reflecting walls and an aperture. A diffuser and brightness enhancing film are situated proximate the opening of the aperture which illuminates the display to be backlit. Preferably, light emerging from the aperture is substantially uniform in intensity and color, and in one embodiment, a color filter is employed to whiten the light emerging from the aperture. One embodiment has an aperture in which the ratio of the area of the aperture to the sum of such area and the surface area of the cavity is at least 0.05. In this embodiment, the ratio of the depth of the cavity to an edge to edge dimension of the cavity is at least 0.1.

Abstract: A display screen include a plate, a plurality of microspheres and a mask. The plate has a plurality of holes arranged in a matrix array. Each microsphere has fluorescence behavior and is disposed in one of the holes in the plate. The mask has a plurality of light valves. Each light valve is aligned with the holes of the plate and is optically coupled to one of the microspheres. An ultraviolet light source is optically coupled to the microspheres through the mask. Each light valve is a liquid crystal mechanically coupled to the plate and electrically coupled to a display electronics of a display unit.

Abstract: An electric lamp which exhibits a pink color when energized and which comprises a vitreous, light transmissive envelope and enclosing a filament within and a coating on a surface of said envelope. The coating comprises about 42.5 w% calcined kaolin clay; about 42.5 w% synthetic precipitated silica; about 5 w% titanium dioxide; about 7 w% of chrome tin pink sphene; and about 3 w% red iron oxide.

Abstract: A light-scattering coating comprising light-scattering particles, such as alumina, dispersed in a silica matrix is formed by applying to the filter a silicone solution in which is dispersed colloidal silica and the light-scattering particles to a suitable substrate and then pyrolyzing the dispersion at high temperature to drive off the organic components and form the silica matrix. This coating is hard and abrasion resistant and is useful for reflectors, lamps and lenses.

Abstract: A metal halide gas discharge lamp for projection purposes includes a discge vessel closed at both ends preferably has between the electrodes a central frosted partial area applied on the outer surface of the discharge vessel. The relationship 0.1<B.ltoreq.1, preferably 0.4<B/d<0.8, applies to the quotients of the width B of the frosted partial area by the inter-electrode gap d. The lamp is optionally provided on one or both sides with heat build-up coatings. The lamp advantageously forms a unit with an optical reflector.

Abstract: A lenticular lens containing a multiplicity of multi-sided lenticules useful with reflector lamps provides improved light distribution by having the lenticules oriented to avoid parallelism with a projected light image and distributed in a plurality of zones or bands concentric about said optical center. The size and light-spreading ability of the lenticules in each zone is selected to provide the desired light distribution. Parallelism is avoided by having the lenticules arrayed in a plurality of wedge-shaped sections circumferentially arranged in a circle around the optical center of the lens and extending through the zones with the lenticules in each section arrayed in a uniform, close-packed hexagonal array of parallel rows with the longitudinal axis of one of the rows being radially aligned with respect to the optical center of the lens, so that none of the sides of the lenticules are parallel to the light source image projected off the reflector.

Abstract: A lamp for producing a spectral light distribution which is substantially identical in uniformity to the spectral light distribution of a desired daylight throughout the entire visible light spectrum from about 380 to about 780 nanometers. The lamp contains a lamp envelope comprised of an exterior surface, a light-producing element substantially centrally disposed within said lamp envelope, and a coating on said exterior surface of said lamp envelope.

Abstract: Incandescent lamps or arc lamps having an infrared red reflecting multilayer optical interference filter on the outer surface of the vitreous or fused quartz lamp envelope enclosing the filament have a light-scattering coating applied over the filter to scatter light emitted by the lamp and thereby diffuse the filament image. The light-scattering coating consists of light-scattering particles, such as alumina, dispersed in a silica matrix. This coating is formed by applying to the filter a silicone solution in which is dispersed colloidal silica and light-scattering particles and pyrolyzing at high temperature to drive off the organic components and form the silica matrix.

Abstract: An electric lamp is provided having a quartz envelope and a light source capable of generating light within the envelope. Disposed on a surface of the envelope is a filter which absorbs a portion of the light emitted by the light source to produce light output poorly seen by insects. The filter includes a blue absorbing pigment in a vitreous glassy silica binder derived from a coating precursor comprising a liquid dispersion of colloidal silica in a silicone. The blue absorbing pigment is preferably a praseodymium doped zircon or an antimony doped nickel titanate. Preferably, the filter also includes a precoat of ultra-fine titania to improve the reduction of ultraviolet radiation.

Abstract: An ultraviolet-reduced halogen lamp includes a base defining a central cavity, two apertures in communication with the central cavity and an annular groove, a halogen lamp bulb including two pins projecting therefrom, a lens including an annular edge and a mixture of aluminum oxide and silica coated on an internal surface of the lens. The lamp bulb is received in the central cavity while the pins are inserted through the apertures. The halogen lamp bulb is received in the lens while the annular edge is received in the annular groove.

Abstract: Illumination devices and methods of forming illumination devices utilizing optical light films are disclosed. Joints useful in forming light tubes from optical light films are also disclosed.

Abstract: A lenticular lens containing a multiplicity of multi-sided lenticules useful with reflector lamps provides improved light distribution by having the lenticules oriented to avoid parallelism with a projected light image and distributed in a plurality of zones or bands concentric about said optical center. The size and light-spreading ability of the lenticules in each zone is selected to provide the desired light distribution. Parallelism is avoided by having the lenticules arrayed in a plurality of wedge-shaped sections circumferentially arranged in a circle around the optical center of the lens and extending through the zones with the lenticules in each section arrayed in a uniform, close-packed hexagonal array of parallel rows with the longitudinal axis of one of the rows being radially aligned with respect to the optical center of the lens, so that none of the sides of the lenticules are parallel to the light source image projected off the reflector.

Abstract: Incandescent reflector lamps of the R and ER type having a metallic light-reflecting coating inside exhibit a pleasing soft white appearance with substantially diminished glare and filament hot spots when the forward, light-projecting portion of the lamp envelope is coated with a coating comprising a silicone containing untreated titanium dioxide particles of a relatively coarse or large size.

Abstract: An incandescent light has an evacuated envelope with a bulbous portion and a neck portion. The bulbous portion has a multiplicity of parallel grooves circling the bulbous portion longitudinally. The light also has an electrical filament centrally located in the bulbous portion of the envelope.

Abstract: A lamp assembly (10) for use as a vehicle marker lamp or a vehicle clearance lamp is disclosed. A lamp assembly includes a multifaceted prismatic diffuser (12) to which a number of LEDs (14) are fitted. The diffuser has an outwardly directed portion (20), a center portion (22), and an inwardly directed portion (24). The outwardly directed portion and inwardly directed portion are both formed with angularly offset facets (26-38). The LEDs are fitted into openings (40) that are formed in the facets (32, 34) of the inwardly directed portion of the diffuser. When the LEDs are energized, the light emitted thereby is initially diffused throughout all of the diffuser. It is then emitted from the facets forming the outer portion of the diffuser such that it can be seen over a wide viewing angle.