Abstract: A vapor-generating electric lamp includes a sealed lamp envelop having a concave depression therein, an incandescent filament mounted within the lamp envelope, a lamp base, and a replaceable, solid insert in the concave depression. The insert produces a scent when it is warmed by heat from the filament. Preferably, the insert is a polyamide impregnated with a scent and includes a portion that matches the shape of the depression in the lamp envelope. The depression for holding the insert is preferably located at the opposite end of the lamp from the base. When the lamp is used in a base-down orientation, the insert is held in the depression by gravity.

Abstract: An electric incandescent lamp having an improved coiled refractory metal filament construction is disclosed which enables the lamp to provide a more precise light source. Various lamp and coiled filament configurations are disclosed to include employment of a reflective film for improved efficiency of lamp operation while a halogen substance can also be included in the inert gas filling for this purpose. A method to manufacture the disclosed lamp improvement is also provided.

Abstract: A lamp with an internal reflector is disclosed. The reflector includes an extension captured in the inner surface of the envelope to security position, and maintain the reflector position, without having extraneous support, bridge, or other internal fixtures to secure the reflector. The invention described reduces the need for support mechanisms, and allows the further reduction of lamp sizes for lamps having internal reflectors.

Abstract: An electric light filament comprising a single crystal whisker is disclosed. In the preferred embodiment the whisker consists essentially of silicon carbide (SiC), preferably beta silicon carbide, doped with a sufficient amount of nitrogen to render the whisker sufficiently electrically conductive to be useful as a light bulb filament at household voltages. Filaments made of such materials are characterized by high strength, durability, and resilience, and have higher electrical emissivities than conventioanl tungsten filaments.

Abstract: The electric lamp has a lamp vessel provided with a pinched seal, in which a metal foil is accommodated, which is connected to an external current conductor and to an internal current conductor. The metal foil has a welding connection with the internal current conductor on its first major surface. A metal auxiliary foil is welded against the second major surface of the metal foil and is welded against the internal current conductor. The lamp has a simple construction and has during operation a comparatively low temperature of the pinched seal.

Abstract: To improve tightness of a pinch or press seal (2a; 13a, 13b) between a modenum foil and quartz or similar hard glass of an electric lamp, typically a halogen incandescent lamp or metal halide discharge lamp, an intermediate melt glass layer in form of a strip is applied to the sealing foil, which has the following main components:SiO.sub.2 : 60-70%Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 : 3-20%K.sub.2 O: 12-18,all percentages by weight, the glass being, except for trace contaminants, free from Na.sub.2 O. In a preferred form, the main components are:SiO.sub.2 : 66%Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 : 18% K.sub.2 O: 15%,all percentages by weight.

Abstract: A light-emitting capsule for use in a reflector-type electric lamp utilized in such applications as display and track lighting. The capsule includes a hollow bulb portion containing a light source (coiled filament or arc) therein and an elongated sealed end including a flattened, narrow width segment and a protruding end segment. The end segment, preferably of similar configuration (cylindrical) as the bulb, is adapted for engaging the internal walls of the reflector's central opening to facilitate capsule positioning within such a reflector in both a precise and stable fashion. Additionally, the bulb portion is also capable of similar engagement to even further assure stabilized capsule orientation.

Abstract: Electric incandescent lamp employing phosphine (PH.sub.3) as the getter.

Abstract: The light bulb of a lamp/reflector unit is mounted in spaced relation to the reflecting surface of the reflector member by means of mounting clips which engage in a clamping manner around a respective narrow side face of the pinch seal of the light bulb. Support wires are secured to the mounting clips, with which wires the light bulb is suspended in the reflector member.

Abstract: A high efficiency general service incandescent lamp is disclosed. The disclosed improved general service incandescent lamp has an outer and an inner envelope. The inner envelope has a relatively small housing containing a halogen gas and a relatively high pressure efficient fill-gas and in which a low voltage filament is spatially disposed therein.

Abstract: An electric fluid heating apparatus includes a closed hollow metallic vessel filled with substantially pure gaseous helium at a pressure from about 30 psl absolute to about 100 psl absolute. At least one electric resistance heating element is disposed in the vessel and surrounded by the pressurized helium which acts as a heat transfer medium to conduct heat from the resistance element to the vessel walls by conduction and convection. The vessel is positioned within a closed container having walls spaced from the vessel to define a fluid flow path for the fluid to be heated. A baffle between the container and vessel divides the flow path into an inlet chamber in which the fluid entering the flow path is preheated and an outlet chamber in which the fluid is heated by contact with the vessel walls prior to discharge from the container through a metal outlet conduit passing through the vessel in contact with the helium for transfer of additional heat to the fluid.

Abstract: An improved incandescent light bulb which is capable of affording increased light efficiency without a resultant increase in either cost or energy consumption. In one embodiment of the bulb, said bulb includes a refractory stiff supporting element, at least one elongated helical resistive filament, two terminals which are each capable of being physically and electrically connected to a different socket and an elongated light transmissive envelope. In another embodiment the bulb additionally includes a reflector bonded to the envelope which reflects light and conducts heat away from said envelope. The stiff supporting element is formed to have a hollow interior. In said hollow interior a magnetizable elongated slug and two holding magnets may be contained. The slug and holding magnets cooperate with a switching means in the interior of the envelope to allow the bulb to selectively emit either a bright or a dim light.

Abstract: A particularly stable arrangement of a lamp envelope in a lamp cap is achieved by means of a metal cup which with its base faces the base of the lamp cap and is connected in the lamp cap so that its free edge engages the lamp envelope. The metal cup has an aperture in its base along the edge of which the cup has oppositely located lugs facing the base of the lamp cap and bearing against a pinch of the lamp envelope.

Abstract: The lamp has a pinch seal which surrounds a mounting structure carrying l-in wires of the filament;the front face (7) terminating the lamp envelope end forms substantially a plane, and is arranged at right angle to the generated surface of the lamp envelope (1) with the transition of these two surfaces to one another being substantially in the shape of a circumferential edge,the length of the pinch seal (2) extending from the front face (7) on the axis of the lamp envelope is from 0.2 to 0.4 times the external diameter of the lamp envelope (1),and the width of the pinch seal is close to the external diameter of the lamp envelope. To form this shape, the lamp is introduced into a die, with the envelope softened and, during execution of the pinch operation, excess gas pressure is applied to the interior of the lamp envelope so that the lamp envelope will accurately follow the shape of the pinch jaws similar to a blow-molding operation.

Abstract: An incandescent electric lamp having a filament which incandesces and produces a vapor of the metal of the filament which normally deposits on the wall. A coating is placed on the filament wall where the majority of the vapor would normally deposit to act as a reflecting coating so that the visible energy reflected from the coating will be transmitted through a portion of the wall which is not blackened by the vapor. The coating thickness is adjusted so that the deposit from the filament builds up on a nodal surface so that light absorption is small.

Abstract: An incandescent illuminating device having an antifragility coating covering at least a substantial portion of the glass envelope, the antifragility coating comprising a mixture of a relatively clear, resilient heat-stable polymer capable of adhering to glass and a plurality of light-transmitting, impact-absorbing particles, which are preferably small, hollow, heat-stable, frangible microspheres. The particles, preferably hollow microspheres, constitute from about 20% to about 60% by volume of the cured antifragility coating and are essentially colorless, have a high degree of light transmissivity, and have a low density and a diameter less than about the thickness of the antifragility coating. The particles act as a sacrificial material to absorb an impact giving the coating antifragility properties.

Abstract: The gaseous filling of a tungsten halogen lamp includes cyanogen and a halogen or halide.

Abstract: An incandescent electric lamp having an envelope in the shape of an ellipse rotated about a center line and defining a circle of focal points, said envelope having thereon a coating which reflects infrared energy produced by the filament and at least a part of the coating transmitting all or a selected portion of the visible range light energy produced by a filament which is shaped and located so that at least a part of the filament lies on or adjacent to the focal circle so that infrared energy produced by the filament at one focal point on the circle will be reflected by the coating back to another focal point on the circle.