Abstract: A control circuit for light emitting diode (LED) of display includes a central processing unit (CPU), an AND gate, and a driving circuit. The CPU comprises a general purpose input output (GPIO) contact which outputs an instant high level voltage when a battery is installed into a portable electronic device. The AND gate includes a first input contact connected to the GPIO contact, a second input contact connected to a system power supply, and a first output contact. The system power supply outputs a low level voltage when the electronic device is powered off and outputs a high level voltage when the electronic device is powered on. The driving circuit includes a second output contact connected to an anode of the LED, a feedback contact connected to a cathode of the LED and an enable connected to the first output contact.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a surgical lamp (100) comprising both a first light source (110) and a second light source (112), where the first light source is capable of emitting light across a broad first spectral range and the second light source being capable of emitting light having an emission peak in a narrow second spectral range. The surgical lamp further features a light source selecting device (120), capable of selectively turning on and off the first and the second light source. The first light source has a high color rendering index so as to enable objects, such as tissues, to appear in their true color, and the second light source has a low or non-definable color rendering index, so as enable accentuation of particular tissues.

Abstract: A light emitting element drive device includes an electric conduction switch that is provided along a power input line, a voltage detection unit that detects a power source voltage containing a noise component when the electric power is supplied to the power input line, a conversion processing unit that converts the detected power source voltage containing the noise component to a digital value, a data generation unit that generates data of a predetermined number of bits, and a control unit that turns on the electric conduction switch. The control unit determines a delay time based on the predetermined number of bits. The delay time corresponds to a time between supplying the electric power to the power input line and turning on the electric conduction switch. The control unit turns on the electric conduction switch after the delay time passes. Thus, an excessive rush current is prevented.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention may provide a relative angular motion measurement system that includes a remote device used to control operations of a host device. The remote may include a plurality of light sources with predetermined light distribution patterns and angles of orientation with respect to a major axis of the remote. The host device may include a sensor and a controller. The sensor may detect light emitted from the remote (via the light sources) and generate output signals that may be interpreted by the controller. The controller may interpret the output signals from the sensor to estimate received intensity from each light source and calculate the orientation of the remote device based on data representing the light sources' light distribution patterns with fixed angles of orientation.

Abstract: Provided is a xenon lamp illumination apparatus, and more particularly, a xenon lamp illumination apparatus including a plurality of arc tubes in an outer tube such that the arc tubes can be sequentially ignited to remarkably improve a lifespan thereof.

Abstract: A tunable light emitting device includes a plurality of solid-state light sources, a dimmer switch configured to generate a range of output powers for the light emitting device, a control circuit configured to translate an output power generated by the dimmer switch into an on/off arrangement of the plurality of light sources, and a wavelength conversion component comprising two or more regions with different photo-luminescent materials located remotely to the plurality of solid-state light sources and operable to convert at least a portion of the light generated by the plurality of solid-state light sources to light of a different wavelength, wherein the emission product of the device comprises combined light generated by the plurality of light sources and the two or more regions of the wavelength conversion component.

Abstract: A lighting system has a receptacle for a light source disposed on a light fixture. The receptacle couples to a first power source, such as standard alternating current available in a building. An electroluminescent (EL) panel is disposed adjacent the light fixture and couples either to the same first power source or to a second power source, such as a direct current emergency power source of a battery or a building. For the EL panel also coupled to the first power source, circuitry illuminates the electroluminescent panel with power from the first power source when the receptacle for the light source is disconnected from the first power source. For the EL panel connected to the second power source, the circuitry illuminates the EL panel with power from the second power source during a failure of the first power source.

Abstract: It is provided an LED lighting device calibratable to 0 to 100% of wide range about a chromaticity and luminance of a illumination light by a simple configuration, and a driving method for the LED lighting device. The LED lighting device is provided with a first light-emitting unit and a second light-emitting unit differing a color temperature mutually, and a control circuit for executing a cyclic light/quench control of the first light-emitting unit and the second light-emitting unit, and for executing a light control of the first light-emitting unit and the second light-emitting unit by a PNM (Pulse Number Modulation) control in a fixed cycle so as to have a lighting period Ton for lighting/quenching the first light-emitting unit and the second light-emitting unit complementarily, and a quenching period Toff for quenching both the first light-emitting unit and the second light-emitting unit.

Abstract: An electronic device capable of displaying a light pattern in a section of a surface by turning on a light source includes: the light source; a first light-transmissive colored layer provided on the surface and having reflectance and transmittance that peak in a wavelength range of light of a first color; and a second light-transmissive colored layer provided on a path of light that is emitted from the light source and reaches the first light-transmissive colored layer, the second light-transmissive colored layer having transmittance that peaks in a wavelength range of light of a second color different from the first color. The second light-transmissive colored layer has light transmission characteristics adjusted such that light of a desired color exits the section of the surface where the light emitted from the light source reaches when the light source is turned on.

Abstract: A light fixture having a construction enabling on/off operation with a wall-mounted switch in a circuit by itself or with other fixtures and to be upgraded in “plug and play” fashion to operate independently of other fixtures in the circuit or for stepped dimming. Modular construction provides safety and ease of maintenance in that ballasts are replaced without exposure to internal wiring and provides temperature management by isolating temperature-sensitive components from high temperatures while placing the lamps in an enclosure in which temperature is contained to operate efficiently. If passive thermal management is not enough to maximize operating efficiency and/or service life, the fixture is upgradeable in plug and play fashion to active thermal management. Ballast modules can be equipped with a microcontroller for collecting operational data that is harvested and used to optimize switching to evenly age lamps and electronics or determine energy consumption.

Abstract: A lighting system for creating a biological effect induced by light. The biological effect is a different effect than vision. The lighting system comprises a light source (1) to generate light with a varying spectrum, and a driver (2) to drive the light source (1) to successively in time: (i) generate a first spectrum (S1) during a first period in time (T1), (ii) change the first spectrum (S1) into a second spectrum (S2) during a second period in time (T2), wherein the second spectrum (S2) has the biological effect, and (iii) maintain the second spectrum (S2) during a third period in time (T3). The duration of the second period in time (T2) is selected in a range from 5 seconds to 30 minutes. The first spectrum (S1) may not have the biological effect or may have the biological effect to a smaller extent than the second spectrum (S2).

Abstract: A light-emitting diode (LED) lamp includes a number of different color LEDs that can be turned on and off in different combinations using an external switch operable by a user. A user or a controller can adjust the color temperature of light output by the lamp. The color temperature change may be a user preference and can compensate for decreased phosphor efficiency over time.

Abstract: A sport Christmas kit includes an artificial Christmas tree having a trunk segment with bristled branches depending generally downwardly and radiating in different directions about the circumference of the trunk segment. A tree stand retains the trunk segment of the artificial Christmas tree in an upright position on a support surface. A sport helmet is put on the top of the tree. A plurality of lights representing a specific color and specific sport team is adorned about the bristle branches of the artificial Christmas tree. A plurality of ornaments, J-shape candies representing the specific sport are hung on the bristle branches of the artificial Christmas tree, whereby a sport fan can indicate and display their favorite sport team therefrom. The lights are flashed in 1-3 seconds programmable delay.

Abstract: A sensor-responsive lighting module is permanently attached to an article of clothing and has multiple water-resistant, lighting units connected to, and spaced from, a water-resistant, control unit by water-resistant, encapsulated wire pairs. Each lighting unit has an upright lens portion that protrudes through an aperture in a juxtaposed panel that bears a graphic design. Each unit has a strain relief portion to resist breakage of end regions of the wire pairs during article wear.

Abstract: A lamp assembly including one or more light emitting diode (LED) arrays and a controller circuit to output a current to the one or more LED arrays. Each LED array includes at least one LED and defines a spatial radiation pattern having a first central axis. The lamp assembly also includes a lens array to redirect light received from the one or more LED arrays, a base and a light-transmissive cover. For each one of the one or more LED arrays, the lens array includes a total internal reflection (TIR) lens defining a second central axis aligned with the first central axis of the corresponding LED array. The TIR lens is configured to distribute light received from the LED array from an output face of the TIR lens such that the distributed light defines optical paths that are convergent, divergent or collimated with respect to the second central axis. The base includes a first surface to receive the one or more LED arrays, the controller circuit and the lens array.

Abstract: Various embodiments are disclosed that relate to scanning the direction of light emitted from optical collimators. For example, one disclosed embodiment provides a system for scanning collimated light, the system comprising an optical wedge, a light injection system, and a controller. The optical wedge comprises a thin end, a thick end opposite the thin end, a viewing surface extending at least partially between the thick end and the thin end, and a back surface opposite the viewing surface. The thick end of the optical wedge further comprises an end reflector comprising a faceted lens structure. The light injection system is configured to inject light into the thin end of the optical wedge, and the controller is configured to control the location along the thin end of the optical wedge at which the light injection system injects light.

Abstract: An LED lighting element comprised of at least two pieces designed for use with legacy lighting fixtures having a separable transformer and lighting element to improve efficacy and economy of LED lighting. In addition, the assembly can be provided with intelligent electronics for wireless control, operation and monitoring and/or with a battery for operation during power outages and/or as a warning system for the hearing impaired by stroboscopically flashing the LED lights and/or as sensing elements which cause activation due to some other sensed stimulus.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus includes a light source to generate light, a light emitting mode selection unit to select one light emitting mode from among a plurality of light emitting modes including a strobe light mode implemented by temporarily switching the light source on and a continuous light mode implemented by continuously switching the light source on, and a control unit to control switching-on of the light source to implement the light emitting mode selected through the light emitting mode selection unit. Therethrough, a plurality of lighting apparatuses can be connected, and each of the plurality of lighting apparatuses can be operated in independent light emitting modes, when the plurality of lighting apparatuses are connected, to produce various lighting environments.

Abstract: An illumination device is adapted to control a primary illumination device including a wireless receiver module. The said illumination device includes a motion sensor, a light-emitting diode (LED) light source, and a wireless transmitter module. When the motion sensor detects a person entering a detection zone of the illumination device, the illumination device transmits a signal to the primary illumination device through the wireless transmitter module to activate the primary illumination device.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a human sensor apparatus includes: a human sensor configured to detect presence of a human body; a first terminal section for connecting the human sensor apparatus to a first master set to receive supply of electric power to the human sensor and output a detection signal of the human sensor as a first detection signal; and a second terminal section for connecting the human sensor apparatus to a second master set not to supply electric power to the human sensor and to output the detection signal of the human sensor as a second detection signal electrically insulated from the first detection signal.

Abstract: The application relates to setting color point and light intensity. By controlling the phase as well as the amplitudes of a driving voltage for a lighting device, the color point as well as the light intensity of a lighting device may be set.

Abstract: A driver circuit for a Light Emitting Diode (LED) is disclosed. The driver circuit is capable of supporting a constant LED current circuit configuration as well as an external resistor-controlled LED current circuit configuration. By integrating both configurations into a single driver circuit, the either circuit configuration can be selected without requiring a different driver circuit.

Abstract: A lighting battery relates to a cylindrical rechargeable battery. The lighting battery comprises a battery body, a driving circuit, a switch and light-emitting diodes, wherein the switch is an inching switch, and the driving circuit has a trigger pin which is connected to the switch whereby a trigger signal is acquired to control the driving circuit operate or stop. The power pin and grounding pin of the driving circuit is respectively connected to the positive pole and the negative pole of the battery body, as well as the output pin of the driving circuit is connected to the light-emitting diodes.

Abstract: A light source unit that uses white light LEDs in a backlight apparatus is provided with a plurality of white light LEDs that can individually provide white light illumination. Each of the white light LED units respectively corresponds to partition areas in the vertical direction of the screen and is illuminated by scanning in sequence in conformity to the display screen of an LCD display unit. LED units that carry out white light display by RGB color mixing are continuously illuminated. In addition, in another embodiment, white light LEDs are continuously illuminated in a low power consumption mode, and ELD units that carry out white light display by RGB color mixing are illuminated by scanning in sequence in conformity to the display screen of the LCD display device.

Abstract: A motion detecting device that, upon sensing motion, actuates an eclectic variety of illuminations to a proximal area of a fixture for providing functional and aesthetic benefits. The sensitivity of the motion detecting device is adjustable, and once actuated, powers on at least one light stream and or sound emanation device. Each light stream is positioned to illuminate a specific area on the fixture, or in proximity to the fixture. In various embodiments, the resultant illumination allows a user to better proximate the distance from a toilet seat, the perimeter of a toilet, the quantity and direction of water dispensing from a sink, and other similar uses. The motion detecting device may further include a light sensor to prevent illumination when light is detected, and a timer to turn off the illumination device after it has been activated for a predetermined amount of time.

Abstract: A remotely controllable track lighting system includes a track mountable to a support structure, such as a wall or ceiling, with lamps that are supported on the track that are individually controlled by a wireless remote. Each lamp on the track may be set to respectively different intensity levels (e.g., high, mid, low, off) or the user can uniformly control the lamps to be set to the same intensity level. Advantageously, all of the lamps may be set, upon initially turning on the lamps or at another time as desired, to their respective previously set intensity levels. The track system may also be powered via a wall switch where initially turning on the lamps via the wall switch advantageously causes all of the lamps to return to their respective previously set intensity levels or the user can move the wall switch off then on within a short period of time (e.g., 3 seconds) to cause all of the lamps to be set high. Other features and variations also are provided.

Abstract: A light-emitting element array has a plurality of three-terminal light-emitting elements such as light-emitting thyristors with anode, cathode, and gate terminals. The anode terminal of each light-emitting element is connected to a driving circuit. The cathode terminal is grounded. The gate terminals of at least some of the three-terminal light-emitting elements are driven from a common buffer, and within this group of three-terminal light-emitting elements, the anode terminals are driven individually. This enables the array of three-terminal light-emitting elements to be driven in essentially the same way as an array of two-terminal light-emitting elements, but without the need for large power transistors between the cathode terminals and ground.

Abstract: A tubeless light-emitting diode (LED) based lighting device includes at least one base, at least one LED lighting module, and at least one control circuit. The base includes a heat dissipation body. The LED lighting module is mounted to the base so that the base provides the LED lighting module with the functions of retention and heat dissipation. The control circuit is mounted to the base and is electrically connected to power wiring of the LED lighting module for ON/OFF switching of the LED lighting module and supplying of operation power. As such, a tubeless lighting device that emits light in a power saving manner and is constructed in a volume reduced manner is provided.

Abstract: An LED module (10) for operating at least one LED (18) comprising an input (E1, E2) adapted for coupling to a DC voltage source (UE); an output (A1, A2) adapted for coupling to the at least one LED (18); a filter device (14); and a DC-DC converter (16); wherein the filter device (14) and the DC-DC converter (16) are coupled in series between the input (E1, E2) and the output (A1, A2), and wherein the output (DCA1, DCA2) of the DC-DC converter (16) is coupled to the output (A1, A2) of the LED module (10); wherein the LED module further comprises an electronic switch (Q1), which is configured to couple the DC-DC converter (16) to the input (E1, E2) of the LED module (10) and to decouple it therefrom.

Abstract: A light-emitting-element driving circuit is provided which comprises a voltage boosting circuit unit which supplies a boosted voltage to a light-emitting element, a current circuit unit which drives the light-emitting element with a current, a normal feedback loop path through which a voltage of the light-emitting element is input as a feedback voltage to the voltage boosting circuit unit, a backup feedback loop path through which a voltage of the light-emitting element is input as the feedback voltage to the voltage boosting circuit unit, an abnormality detection circuit unit which compares the feedback voltage which is input through the normal feedback loop path to the voltage boosting circuit unit and a predetermined determination voltage, to detect abnormality, and a switching circuit which switches from the normal feedback loop path to the backup feedback loop path when the abnormality detection circuit unit has detected the abnormality.

Abstract: The invention relates to the creation of lighting programs or scenes with a lighting system taking energy consumption into account. An embodiment of the invention provides a lighting system (10) comprising—a first database (12) containing data of the luminairies (14) of the lighting system, —a second database (16) containing information for lighting presets of the luminairies of the lighting system for a lighting scene to be created, and—a calculation module (18) being adapted to calculate the energy consumption of the lighting system based on a lighting scene to be created depending on data retrieved from the first and the second database.

Abstract: A drive device for outputting a drive signal for driving a plurality of light emitting elements time-divisionally, the drive device includes a plurality of input terminals receiving input of a drive control signal for the light emitting elements, and a plurality of output terminals connected to the light emitting elements, for outputting the drive signal based on the drive control signal input into the input terminals, in which the input terminals and the output terminals are arranged substantially in a line.

Abstract: A light source control method and a light source control device are used for controlling a light source. The light source control device includes a position detecting sensor and a microcontroller. The light source control method includes steps of generating a first signal according to an object touching a position of the position detecting sensor, and generating a control signal according to a light source adjustable parameter set corresponding to the first signal for controlling an illuminating status of the light source. The light source adjustable parameter set includes a plurality of color value components. The control signal is generated by the microcontroller according to the color value components.

Abstract: A straight-tube LED lamp switch device includes a first terminal protruding from a housing; an operating body having an operating portion that can receive a pressing operation into the housing; a second terminal that is brought into conduction with the first terminal by the pressing operation; and a torsion spring that restores the operating body to an initial state before the pressing operation. The housing has therein a housing portion that houses the operating body when the pressing operation is performed. The operating body is tilted by a pressing operation from at least one side of opposite directions with respect to a protruding direction of the first terminal. By the tilting, at least part of the operating portion is housed in the housing portion and the first terminal is brought into conduction with the second terminal.

Abstract: A novel flashlight assembly that includes an interface integrated into the housing thereof to facilitate mounting of the flashlight to the dovetail rail on a modern combat weapon. The outer body of the flashlight includes a head mounted to a flashlight body at one end and a tapered tail extending outwardly at the other end of the body. Further, the flashlight includes a clamping interface that is a seamless and integrated feature of the outer housing of the flashlight itself for interfacing the flashlight with a firearm. The operational modes of the flashlight are controlled by a single push button and a selector switch. To facilitate a highly compact design the flashlight employs two circuitry arrangements positioned remote from one another and in communication with one another via a single conductive trace to operate at a first signal frequency or a second signal frequency.

Abstract: An electronic circuit designed to reduce energy consumption by toggling between a plurality of conventional or electronic fluorescent lighting ballasts within a given fixture, and where said toggle circuit shall increase or decrease fixture light output levels according to immediate requirements. Toggle circuit may be remotely controlled from conventional Mains wall switch or other such means. Initial applications of Mains power automatically provides the minimum of light levels. Additional momentary interruptions to Mains power provides varied and/or additional lighting levels.

Abstract: LEDs that provide street illumination are used to create emergency signals. This facilitates simple retrofitting of existing streetlighting infrastructure. In one embodiment, a streetlight comprises an LED set that itself comprises or consists of a plurality of LEDs collectively producing a white light output. The streetlight also includes a receiver for receiving a signal of an alarm condition, and a controller for (i) disabling the LED set during a daylight period, (ii) maintaining the normal operating mode during a lighting period distinct from the daylight period, and (iii) in response to the alarm condition detected by the receiver, de-activating at least one of the LEDs to produce a non-white (e.g.

Abstract: A lighting system which automatically assigns a unique address to each lighting device and controls each lighting device assigned the unique address is disclosed. The lighting system may include a plurality of lighting apparatuses, at least one bridge coupled to the plurality of lighting apparatuses, and a lighting controller coupled to the at least one bridge for controlling the lighting apparatuses. One of the at least one bridge or the controller may generate address data for assigning an address to one of the plurality of lighting apparatuses. The plurality of lighting apparatuses may include an LED module, a connection circuit configured to control a connection between the at least one bridge and the plurality of lighting apparatuses, and a controller configured to control the connection circuit based on the address.

Abstract: A system that incorporates teachings of the present disclosure may include, for example, a method including generating a plurality of identifiable visible light sources having at least one constant visible light source and at least one oscillating visible light source and selectively applying, such as one at a time, at least two identifiable visible light sources among the plurality of identifiable visible light sources to a fiber optic cable strand in order to remotely test a fiber optic cable having a plurality of strands including the fiber optic cable strand. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A lighting fixture comprising a mounting frame adapted to be mounted to a vertical mounting surface. The mounting frame supports a panel. The panel may include decorative indicia on a front surface thereof. Further, the panel may include an array of tiles thereon. The lighting fixture also comprises a mounting frame adapted to support the panel and a plurality of support arms projecting from the mounting frame. Each of the arms supports at least one lamp socket. The lighting fixture further comprises a secondary light source coupled to the mounting frame at a location between the front surface of the panel and the wall. The lighting fixture comprises control electronics adapted to selectively apply power to the light source and the at least one lamp socket. In some embodiments, the secondary light source is responsive to an activation signal from at least one of a presence detector and a photodetector.

Abstract: The present invention includes a lamp cap and a lamp body. An interior of the lamp cap is provided with an illuminating element which is electrically connected with a circuit board. The circuit board is provided with electric contacts which are exposed at a bottom of the lamp cap and peripheries of the lamp cap are provided with latching parts. The lamp body includes a handheld part and a lamp holder. An interior of the lamp holder is provided with fastening parts which correspond with the latching parts of the lamp cap, allowing the lamp cap to be engaged on and electrically connected with the lamp holder. In addition, the handheld part is provided with a control switch.

Abstract: A light unit which includes a plurality of light-emitting diode (LED) light sources arranged in parallel, a light-guiding member arranged on said LED light sources, a light reflecting part for reflecting light from said LED light sources forward, a light diffusion part for outgoing light from the surface of said light-guiding member to outside, and an optical path changing part arranged above said light-diffusion part, wherein a side of said light-guiding member that faces said light diffusion part is flat.

Abstract: There is provided an external illumination apparatus capable of increasing flexibility of illumination, the external illumination apparatus including a CPU and a memory so as to control lighting of a plurality of illumination LEDs with reference to a lighting pattern stored in the memory, wherein this lighting control is executed by a lighting command from an optical information reading apparatus.

Abstract: A lighting device includes a light fixture, a semiconductor light source and a gas-discharge light source mounted in the light fixture, and a controller disposed in the light fixture and connected electrically to the semiconductor light source and the gas-discharge light source. The controller is operable to control activation and deactivation of the semiconductor light source and the gas-discharge light source. Heat generated during operation of the semiconductor light source may increase the ambient temperature in the light fixture such that optimum performance of the gas-discharge light source may be ensured.

Abstract: An LED lighting device is described that comprises of a housing. The housing is capable of engaging with a leg of a table via a hole in the center of the housing. The housing also contains a first LED light source, a power source to power said first LED light. The LED lighting device can also have a second or multiple LED lighting sources housed within the housing.

Abstract: A planar illumination device (10) is provided with: a light guide plate (1) having a first surface (1a) and a second surface (1b); a plurality of light sources (2); and a brightness controller. A plurality of prismatic structures (11) are arrayed on the first surface (1a). The light sources (2) are arranged in the same direction as the array direction of the prismatic structures so as to radiate light toward an edge surface (1c) of the light guide plate (1). The brightness controller varies brightness distribution on a light emitting surface of the light guide plate (1) in the array direction of the prismatic structures (11) by controlling light emission of the light sources (2).

Abstract: The disclosure provides an LED light system that is easy to install and customizable by the user. The LED lighting system may be plugged directly into an existing power source. In one configuration, the system includes a power supply that accepts standard power inputs. A low voltage low voltage bus line extends from the power supply. The user may connect LED light modules at essentially any location along a low voltage bus line of the system so that the light modules are located exactly where the user desires light. Uneven spacing is possible. Different size lights, different lumen powers, and different-colored light modules may be disposed along the low voltage bus line. Security features may be used to reduce the value of the system components to a thief.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods, systems, and apparatuses related to managing a rechargeable battery in an enclosed lighting module. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: Differential current driving type transmitter and receiver, and an interface system having the transmitter and receiver. The transmitter includes a current source, a current direction selecting block, and a balancing switch block. The current source sources currents to a pair of transmission lines or sinks currents flowing through the pair of transmission lines. The current direction selecting block transfers a current flowing from the current source to one transmission line of the pair of transmission lines and a current flowing through the other transmission line of the pair of transmission lines to the current source. The balancing switch block initializes the pair of transmission lines to a balanced state.

Abstract: An electrical wiring device operates in more than one operating mode and includes a microcontroller, an occupancy detection sensor communicably coupled to the microcontroller, and at least one accessible user interface communicably coupled to the microcontroller. The accessible user interface is accessible to an end-user without having to disassemble any portion of the device. The accessible user interface is manipulated to select one of several operating modes. In some embodiments, the device includes a night light that also can be an accessible user interface. In some of those embodiments, one of the operating modes includes a night light operating mode, wherein the device's operation is dependent upon the status of the night light. In some embodiments, an indicator is included to inform the end-user when to stop manipulating the accessible user interface.