Abstract: A cathode ray tube apparatus in which a discharge current suppressing means is inserted into the discharge current flowing path between the final electrode of the electron gun of a cathode ray tube and the stem pin thereof within the cathode ray tube.

Abstract: In a CRT system having a cathode coupled to a source of first potential voltage and a control grid biased negatively with respect to the cathode, means coupled between a source of second potential voltage and control grid for superimposing negative-going transitions in the second potential voltage upon the control grid so as to suppress the appearance of spots upon the face of the CRT subsequent to the de-energization of that system.

Abstract: In a cathode-ray tube provided with a direct-heating type cathode, a transformer through which the cathode is heated is disposed within the bulb of the cathode-ray tube. This improvement eliminates the instability of heating due to the contact resistance caused between the base pins of the cathode-ray tube to which the terminals of the cathode are connected and the socket pins to which the base pins are fitted.

Abstract: In a color TV tube employing a shadow mask (4), this mask is heated during operation of the tube, and expands, thus causing impact misregistry errors of the electron beams (5) on the phosphor layer (2) of the tube. These misregistry errors are corrected according to the invention with the aid of temperature-dependent accelerating or decelerating fields between the mask (4) and a metal layer (3) deposited on to the phosphor layer (2). Temperature dependance of the fields is obtained by inserting temperature-dependent (PTC and NTC) resistors between the mask and the metal layer.

Abstract: An electron bombarded semiconductor amplifier including an elongated envelope having an electron gun projecting a sheet electron beam towards a distributed element semiconductor target which propagates an output signal including a single extended area semiconductor diode or a plurality of series-connected semiconductor diodes which are reverse biased and a doubly-distributed deflection means adapted to receive an input signal and cooperate with said sheet electron beam to deflect the beam in accordance with an input signal in synchronism with electron beam velocity and target signal propagation velocity to strike the target and generate an amplifier output signal.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for generating electrical current in which electron beams are discharged through a succession of elongate electron beam channels arranged in a parallel array while a magnetic field is imposed on the array with flux directed perpendicularly to the longitudinal axes of the channels. Beams are directed successively through channels spaced one from another in a direction generally perpendicularly to both the axes of the channels and the magnetic flux. Electrical energy for operating the apparatus is derived from a suitable low current source such as a photovoltaic or solar cell.

Abstract: An electron beam transmitted in the direction of an axis XX is subject to the action of a magnetic field, which is constant in time and directed along the axis XX, as well as to the electromagnetic field of resonant cavities placed along its path. These cavities are excited at the cyclotron frequency of the electrons in the field by a source coupled by an antenna. Output power, at a frequency which is near a multiple of the cyclotron frequency, is collected by a second antenna and coupled to a load. In one example, the cavities comprise a single guide, whose circular cross-section has been deformed so as to provide two extensions.

Abstract: A radiation source in which a beam of electrons is produced and directed along a path with dielectric material having a constant less than 4 in proximity to the path and an undulator providing oscillatory velocity modulation to the beam along the path for producing millimeter and sub-millimeter wavelength radiation.

Abstract: Method and means for controlling the phase of an output signal comprising an electron beam device having traveling-wave-type deflection plates to which an input signal is fed, means controlling the velocity or position of the electron beam and p-n semiconductor diode means for amplifying the signal which modulates the electron beam which irradiates the diode, the phase of the output signal being related either to the velocity of the electron beam or its position on the semiconductor diode.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube including an arc limiting resistor means (42) formed on an extension of the glass rods which align and fix the electrodes of the guns (28). The resistors also include means (54) for centering the guns in the neck of the tube.

Abstract: A cyclotron maser microwave amplifier or oscillator which utilizes non-relativistic electrons (or other charged particles) in cyclotron motion and a spatially nonlinear electrostatic field. The term "spatially nonlinear electrostatic field" encompasses static electric fields whose magnitude can be described mathematically as varying in a nonlinear manner as a function of position in one or more directions. Completely non-relativistic electrons of very low energy may be used in principle for which phase bunching will occur due to the nonlinear motions (induced by the electrostatic field) resulting in stimulated emission of cyclotron radiation for use in the amplifier or oscillator. This is in complete contrast to the relativistic cyclotron maser (Hirschfield, U.S. Pat. No. 3,398,376) which required the electrons to be acting under the relativistic effect of the electron mass (and hence cyclotron frequency) being a function of its energy to produce the necessary phase bunching and resulting stimulated emission.

Abstract: The invention relates to light biassed camera tube arrangements of the kind in which the light bias source within the overall outline of the tube envelope has one terminal connected to a heater pin in order to provide a source of power. The other terminal of the light bias source is connected to a lead extending to a terminal carried by a protecive end base cap for the tube and a removable disc is provided to fit between the base of the tube and a valve base into which the tube is plugged, the removable disc bearing circuitry and terminals provided to contact selected ones of the terminals carried by the protective end base cap so that the nature of the light bias provided may be selected.

Abstract: The electron gun includes a pair of electrodes between which a resistive lens structure comprising a stack of alternate apertured plates and resistive blocks is disposed. The stack comprises a first section which has two resistive blocks between each adjacent pair of electrode plates and a second section which has one resistive block between each adjacent pair of electrode plates. The lens is thereby adapted to operate with a potential profile which comprises a compound linear slope in a 1:2 ratio.

Abstract: The electron gun includes a pair of electrodes between which a resistive lens structure comprising a stack of alternate apertured plates and resistive blocks is disposed. A first portion of the resistive stack is electrically paralleled with another stack of resistive blocks whereby bleeder current through the resistive lens structure results in a compound linear potential profile. The other stack of resistive blocks may comprise a second stack in the same lens structure interleaved with the apertured plates of the lens structure or it may constitute together with a different set of aperture plates a second resistive lens structure between a different pair of electrodes of the gun.

Abstract: Processing of arc suppression color cathode ray tubes is enhanced by providing a spark gap (42) across a limiting resistor used in the tube. The use of the spark gap allows the use of lower processing voltages and enhances electron gun clean up by burning off loose particles.

Abstract: The disclosure is of a cathode ray tube having a face plate for displaying information and carrying an electrode assembly which is curved to adhere smoothly to the face plate. The electrode assembly includes a shield against radio frequency interference and an insulating support sheet having an inner surface and an outer surface, on each of which an array of rows and columns of conductive areas is formed. On the inner surface, the rows of conductive areas are electrically connected together to output contact pads at a side edge of the sheet, and, on the outer surface, the columns of conductive areas are electrically connected together to output contact pads along the lower edge of the sheet. Each outer conductive area overlies and is capacitively coupled to an inner conductive area. A column conductor which extends from a contact pad at an edge of the outer surface of the sheet is capacitively coupled to each column of outer conductive areas.

Abstract: An apparatus for amplifying coherent radiation at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths includes the combination of a travelling-wave-tube cyclotron-maser-amplifier structure and a magnetron-injection electron gun. The amplifier structure includes a fast-wave drift tube and an electromagnetic wave launcher within the bore of a superconducting magnet. The magnetron-injection electron gun is also within the bore of the magnet and is coupled to the drift tube. As a travelling wave is launched in a preferred mode in the drift tube, the electron gun injects an annular beam of relativistic electrons having both large energy transverse to the axis of the device and small energy spread into the drift tube so that the electrons gyrate at their cyclotron frequency in orbits about the lines of the axial magnetic field produced by the magnet. The travelling wave is amplified by extracting energy from the relativistic electron beam.

Abstract: The high voltage terminal of the ultor capacitance of a cathode ray tube is coupled to an electron gun structure. The ultor return terminal which typically comprises an outer conductive coating of the cathode ray tube envelope is coupled to the ground return base pin of the cathode ray tube. The ground termination for electrical components and the chassis is also coupled to the ground return base pin. During arc-over, the cathode ray tube ultor capacitance discharges through the ground return base pin. Arc-over current oscillations flow in the chassis and electrical component circuitry by means of stray capacitive coupling to the ultor return terminal. A resistor is coupled to the chassis and to the ultor return terminal for damping arc-over current oscillation in the chassis and in the component circuitry.

Abstract: An electron beam deflection structure for a high frequency cathode-ray tube incorporates a meanderline slow wave circuit that is supported directly by the same glass rods used to support other portions of the CRT's beam forming and deflection system. To accomplish this, elongate loops that serially interconnect a plurality of deflection plate segments are bent away from the plane of the segments (and the beam axis) and joined by integral support strips to the rods. The elimination of a separate support structure for the deflectors greatly reduces manufacturing costs.

Abstract: Injector for an annular beam of monokinetic electrons in helical orbits having a high inclination angle relative to the axis of the helix of the type having an annular electron gun in a revolving vacuum enclosure. It comprises electrical coils which are able to create the cyclotron effect by a static magnetic field varying in progressive and continuous manner in accordance with the axis of the injector from a value B.sub.1 in the actual gun zone up to a value B.sub.3 in the contracted outlet zone of the injector passing through an intermediate value B.sub.2 in the convergent connection zone between said gun zone and said outlet zone, and a correcting electrode located so as to be movable in accordance with the axis of the injector and which is raised to an electrical potential differing from that of the suction or extraction anode of said electron gun.

Abstract: A generator for variable frequency submillimeter waves launches surface astic waves in piezoelectric material for generation of an associated acousto-electrical field. An electron beam is acted upon by the acousto-electrical field in a manner simulating the effect of an etched grating, resulting in an output frequency which may be varied by the variation of the acoustic wave frequency, or the velocity of the electron beam.

Abstract: This invention relates to a cylindrical, electron beam collector that efficiently couples the microwave energy out of a high power microwave source while stopping the attendant electron beam. The interior end walls of the collector are a pair of facing parabolic mirrors and the microwave energy from an input horn is radiated between the two mirrors and reassembled at the entrance to the output waveguide where the transmitted mode is reconstructed. The mode transmission through the collector of the present invention has an efficiency of at least 94%.

Abstract: An evacuated enclosure in the form of a cylindrical cavity having a dielectric located therein defines a dielectric guide for transporting an electron beam introduced into the cavity. The dielectric, which is disposed about the cavity wall, is operative to trap the charge associated with normal vacuum expansion of the electron beam. The trapped charge, in cases where the injected electron beam is not space charge limited, modifies the electric fields within the cavity in such a way as to provide focusing forces on the electron beam propagating through the cavity, the focusing forces being sufficient to quide a major portion of the beam through the enclosure without attenuation. Within the injected beam is space charge limited, the trapped charge induces an electrical discharge--either surface flashover or volume puncture of the dielectric--which liberates gaseous material. This gas then ionizes, is attracted by space charge electric fields into the body of the beam, and provides space charge neutralization.

Abstract: A reflecting electron tube for producing high-power, high-frequency, monoomatic microwave pulses includes an anode which produces little or no ion flux when struck by electrons emitted from a cathode, and requires no applied, external magnetic field. An anode support holding the anode and a cathode shank which supports the cathode are positioned within a vacuum chamber such that the anode is closely spaced from the cathode. The anode support is connected to a pulsed high-voltage supply located external to the chamber. The anode is formed from a material which does not produce a significant amount of ion flux but does permit electrons emitted from the cathode to oscillate through the anode. Electrons oscillating in phase bunch together within the potential well of the system and emit microwave radiation.

Abstract: An improved internal voltage divider for use in a television cathode ray tube is disclosed that provides one or more temperature-invariant voltages. The tube is subject to internal spatial temperature patterns fixed or varying with time which are incidental to tube warm-up and operation. The voltage divider according to the invention is comprised of at least two electrically series connected resistive sections having like temperature coefficients, and having resistive values of the same order of magnitude. Each section is so positioned and arranged relative to the aforesaid temperature patterns as to have similar average temperature experiences. The voltage divider is connected between a relatively high anode voltage and a suitable low-voltage terminal for receiving a relatively low voltage through the base of the tube. Means are provided for tapping off at least one temperature-invariant intermediate voltage.

Abstract: This disclosure depicts a television cathode ray tube including an evacuated glass envelope having on an external surface of a funnel portion thereof an outer conductive coating and on an internal surface thereof an inner conductive coating for receiving a high voltage charge. The tube has an electron gun located in a neck of the funnel.

Abstract: A broadband electron beam deflection apparatus particularly for a tube in which its electron beam can be focused, varied in position and varied in intensity, consisting in the form of a pair of helices each having a flat surface adjacent to the optical axis of the electron beam and also being precisely maintained in a diverging direction to such axis over the length thereof is provided. The apparatus consists of two individual helix assemblies each composed of separate components combined into a single unit in a manner whereby symmetry and desired characteristic impedance is controlled by the dimensions of the helix and having an end-to-end propagation time equal to the electron beam velocity due to the pitch and circumference of the helix.

Abstract: An electron bombarded semiconductor amplifier with a simplified target construction where the common point of the diode array is returned to ground enabling the radio frequency bypassing capacitors to be made a smaller size and the dc blocking capacitors to be provided by separate capacitors outside of the vacuum envelope and also optimized.

Abstract: A typical embodiment of the invention is a multiple electron beam device converting analog input signals into coded digital output signals. A beam of electrons, generated through a Watkins-Johnson laminar flow sheet beam electron gun is focused before being divided into eight individual beams by means of an eight section traveling wave time deflection system. The individual beams then are controlled by means of a traveling wave analog deflection system before they pass through an apertured target structure that corresponds to the digital code. The beams traveling through this target impact on a diode target array which then generates a coded digital output signal that corresponds to the analog input.

Abstract: An electron-bombarded semiconductor (EBS) source including plural EBS diodes connected in series at the fundamental radio frequency operating range delivers power to a load. A single voltage supply is provided and radio frequency isolation means is connected between the series connected diodes and said supply to effectively connect the diodes in parallel with respect to said supply voltage and current.

Abstract: The disclosed apparatus is a multiple beam electron gun having a wide focusing lens gap. The lens gap has a plurality of metal elements, spaced therein, each successive element of which has a successively greater voltage applied to it. The application of the voltages creates an electrostatic field which focuses a plurality of beams generated by the gun.