Abstract: A tool management system of a machine tool includes: a detection unit to detect at least one of vibration, acoustic waves produced during operation of the machine tool, and current value of a server motor of a driving machine tool; a tool replacement determination unit that determines the necessity to replace the tool on the basis of information related to a detection value of at least one of the vibration, the acoustic waves, and the current value detected during operation of the machine tool; and a detection start/end command setting unit that adds commands for a detection start point and a detection end point of at least one of the vibration, the acoustic waves, and the current value of the servo motor to a machining program.

Abstract: A motor control, device that controls a motor, includes: a plurality of processors, each being adapted to generate information for generating a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal; a plurality of PWM signal generation circuits, each being provided corresponding to each of the processors and adapted to generate the PWM signal on the basis of the information that has been generated by the corresponding processor; and a switch circuit that selectively gives the information generated by each of the processors to any of the PWM signal generation circuits.

Abstract: An actuating system for an aircraft having an electromechanical actuator (25) comprising a non-volatile memory (60) wherein stored data (61) including configuration data (62) specific to the electromechanical actuator is stored. The system also includes a control unit (22) using the configuration data to implement a servo-control loop, the output signal of which is a digital signal controlling the electric motor of the electromechanical actuator and at least one digital transmission channel (50) connecting the control unit and the electromechanical actuator.

Abstract: Provided are adaptive heat transfer methods and systems for uniform heat transfer to and from various types of workpieces, such as workpieces employed during fabrication of semiconductor devices, displays, light emitting diodes, and photovoltaic panels. This adaptive approach allows for reducing heat transfer variations caused by deformations of workpieces. Deformation may vary in workpieces depending on types of workpieces, processing conditions, and other variables. Such deformations are hard to anticipate and may be random. Provided systems may change their configurations to account for the conformation of each new workpiece processed. Further, adjustments may be performed continuously of discretely during heat transfer. This flexibility can be employed to improve heat transfer uniformity, achieve uniform temperature profile, reduce deformation, and for various other purposes.

Abstract: A control unit is described that has at least one communications interface for the exchange of data with at least one peripheral unit, the communications interface being configured for transmitting synchronization signals to the peripheral unit in a first, synchronous operating mode. The communications interface is configured to change a time interval between two successive synchronization signals.

Abstract: A drive control device having: a storage circuit configured to store a reference rotational speed table; a drive signal generation circuit configured to output a drive signal to the direct current motor; and a control circuit. When an absolute value of a difference between a second rotational speed corresponding to a first rotational direction and a third rotational speed corresponding to a second rotational direction is equal to or larger than a predetermined threshold, the control circuit creates separate rotational speed tables for the first rotational direction and the second rotational direction in which each rotational speed table indicates a relation between a rotational speed and an electric power amount per unit time, and determines an amount of electric power that is supplied to the direct current motor which corresponds to a designated rotational speed according to the rotational speed table selected in accordance with a designated rotational rotation.

Abstract: A signal-phase DC motor control circuit is disclosed. The signal-phase DC motor control circuit includes a logic circuit, a switching circuit and a driving circuit. The logic circuit transmits a first logic signal, a second logic signal, a third logic signal and a forth logic signal. The switching circuit transmits a first direction driving signal according to a PWM signal and the first logic signal, and transmits a second direction driving signal according to the PWM signal and the second logic signal. The driving circuit transmits a first output signal according to the first direction driving signal and the fourth logic signal, and transmits a second output signal according to the second direction driving signal and the third logic signal. The first output signal and the second output signal are positive half-wave sinusoidal wave, and the phase difference between the first output signal and the second output signal is 180 degrees.

Abstract: A switching regulator has an output stage which, with an output switch element, an inductor, a rectifying element, and a smoothing element, generates an output voltage from an input voltage, a divided voltage generator which generates a divided voltage from a switch voltage generated at one terminal of the rectifying element, a selector which outputs one of the divided voltage and a fixed voltage in accordance with a switching signal as a select voltage, a zero-cross comparator which monitors the select voltage to generate a zero-cross detection signal, and a controller which generates the switching signal in accordance with the necessity of monitoring the zero-cross of an inductor current and which performs on/off control of the output switch element reflecting the zero-cross detection signal.

Abstract: A method of monitoring a fan of a second electronic device. A first electronic device controls a baseboard management controller (BMC) of the second electronic device to return parameter values, the returned parameter values including temperature values of the second electronic device, and actual speed values of a fan of the second electronic device. The first electronic device records the returned parameter values and returned time of the returned parameter values. Upon acquiring standard speed values corresponding to the temperature values, the first electronic device draws a graph representing a relation between the actual speed values and the determined standard speed values corresponding to the returned time to monitor the fan.

Abstract: An electric compressor, wherein an inverter device, which controls the operation of an electric motor by commands from an external control unit, is provided with a drive IC which computes drive signals of the electric motor based on the same, a switching circuit which converts the drive signals to rotation control signals of the electric motor, and an output signal control IC which cuts off input of the drive signals to the switching circuit at the time of an abnormality and wherein, furthermore, the drive IC is provided with a comparator which compares drive signals which are input to the switching circuit and computed values of the drive signals at a control unit inside the drive IC and, when the drive signals and the computed values do not match, the comparator makes the output signal control IC cut off input of the drive signals to the switching circuit.

Abstract: A PWM signal generator section for generating a plurality of PWM signals with different phases to be respectively fed to a plurality of loads, and a phase difference setting section for setting phase differences among the PWM signals are provided. The phase difference setting section sets phase differences ?t_shift(n,n+1) calculated based on an effective current Ia(n) flowing to each of the loads, where the number of the loads is N, according to the equations below: Ia_all = ? n = 1 N ? Ia ? ( n ) ? t_shift ? ( n , n + 1 ) = t_pwn × Ia ? ( n ) / Ia_all where n=1 to N (where N is an integer of two or more, and n+1=1 when n+1>N), and t_pwm is a cycle of the PWM signals.

Abstract: A machine has a rotor and includes a converter-controlled drive and a working machine, wherein the drive and the working machine are connected such that a torque is transmitted. A frequency converter is electrically connected to the drive. The frequency converter is embodied such that in a Campbell diagram intersection points are based on the natural torsional frequency of the rotor and V-shaped symmetrical straight lines of the inter-harmonic exciter frequency for output frequencies. The output frequencies are grouped into a plurality of concentration ranges based upon a rotational speed of the machine, wherein each concentration range comprises output frequencies which are close to one another and which respectively have a common output point on the abscissa of the Campbell diagram. Each concentration range defines a blocking range, wherein the machine has an operating rotational speed range which lies outside the blocking ranges.

Abstract: An excavator drive system wherein one of a pair of propulsion motors shares one of a pair of inverter power sources with another of a pair of motors dedicated to crowd and hoist motions. A pair of non-volatile bi-state switches, triggered under control of a controller, allow sharing of inverters between hoist and propel 1 motors. Another pair of switches allows inverter sharing between propel 2 and crowd motors. Each pair of switches enables change over and power transfer from one of the paired motors to the other motor. The bi-state switches enable quicker transfer of power between motors than transfer switches employing external motor-powered mechanical transfer linkages. Bi-state transfer switches also maintain transfer coupling status in the event of power failure to the switch actuators, allowing an excavator operator to continue the drive function in operation prior to the switch power failure.

Abstract: A system is provided for controlling two alternating current (AC) machines via a five-phase PWM inverter module. The system comprises a first control loop, a second control loop, and a current command adjustment module. The current command adjustment module operates in conjunction with the first control loop and the second control loop to continuously adjust current command signals that control the first AC machine and the second AC machine such that they share the input voltage available to them without compromising the target mechanical output power of either machine. This way, even when the phase voltage available to either one of the machines decreases, that machine outputs its target mechanical output power.

Abstract: A method for position and/or speed control of a linear drive utilizing a converter having a control unit and being coupled to a motor of the linear drive. The method includes determining, in a sensor-free manner, a motor position, generating a motor position signal, generating an acceleration signal utilizing an MEMS accelerometer provided in the control unit and arranged on a moving part of the linear drive, mathematically converting the motor position signal and the acceleration signal to a speed signal, and utilizing the speed signal to control the linear drive.

Abstract: An electronic device having a first motor which rotates a rotating body (for example, blades) about a rotation axis and a second motor which vibrates a vibrator including the rotating body in the axial direction is provided. A control IC unit has a first circuit which subjects the rotation to control drive by a first waveform, and a second circuit which subjects the vibration to control drive by a second waveform. Rotation and vibration of a rotating and vibrating unit driven by the first and second motors generates an airflow and output sound by a synthesized output of a first output corresponding to the rotation and a second output corresponding to the vibration. The control IC unit generates a second waveform by using a reversed-phase waveform with respect to the first waveform or the like and suppresses the output sound by control of the first and second waveforms.

Abstract: A position of a motion control axis is monitored and an output device responsive to the position of the motion control axis is controlled. The controlling further includes latching an electronic cam element that controls the output device, and unlatching the cam element that controls the output device. The manner in which the latching is performed and the manner in which the unlatching is performed are configurable in a programming interface. The programming interface is capable of receiving a latch position for the cam element and an unlatch position for the cam element. The programming interface is further capable of receiving additional configuration information to configure the manner in which the latching is performed and different additional configuration information to separately configure the manner in which the unlatching is performed.

Abstract: A motion control system comprises control logic and a programming interface. The programming interface is configured to permit a user to specify a plurality of non-tangential path segments, and the control logic is configured to generate a plurality of additional connecting path segments substantially extending between and connecting the non-tangential path segments. The motion control system is configured to generate control signals to control operation of a plurality of motors to drive movement of a controlled element along a path defined by the non-tangential path segments and the additional connecting path segments.

Abstract: A multiple axis servo control implements a multi-tasking PWM control unit to provide PWM signals for multiple axes in a single unit. A time slice mechanism provides axis selection signals based on a system clock signal to permit control parameters of the selected axis to be processed to control the selected motor drive axis. The single unit PWM control mechanism eliminates complex and costly multiple axis networks typically associated with independent servo motor controls for each axis in a multi-axis system. A single PWM unit implementation also permits the reduction of components for closed loop current control and closed loop velocity control in the multi-axis servo control system.

Abstract: A system comprises control logic and a programming interface. The programming interface is configured to permit a user to specify a plurality of weighting points in a multi-dimensional coordinate space. The control logic includes spline computation logic configured to generate a spline curve based on boundary conditions. The spline curve extends near the weighting points. The control logic is configured to generate control signals to control operation of a plurality of motion axes to drive movement of a controlled element along a path defined by the spline curve.

Abstract: A method for operating a doubly-fed machine by determining its rotational speed (nact), forming a rotational speed reference (nref), measuring network voltage and current, and calculating network active power (Pact) and reactive power (Qact). Thereafter, calculating shaft torque (T) based on active power (Pact) and rotating speed (nact), forming a frequency reference (Fref) for the inverter based on machine rotating speed (nact), rotating speed reference (nref), shaft torque (T), and the known pole pair number and network frequency, forming a reactive power reference (Qref) for the machine.

Abstract: A movable table for supporting a work piece is allowed to move on the same plane in arbitrary directions through a table holding mechanism. Also, a feed within the same plane is supplied to the movable table by the electromagnetic driving means. Further, the movable table is stopped by an electromagnetic braking mechanism at an arbitrary position within the same plane. The electromagnetic driving means generates a feed to the movable table by a mutual magnetic effect between driven magnets and driving coils. The electromagnetic braking mechanism includes braking magnets and a nonmagnetic and conductive braking plate. A pair of the braking magnets and braking plate generates braking force by a magnetic effect between a magnetic force by an eddy current generated in the braking plate in accordance with the movement of the movable table and a magnetic force of the braking magnets.

Abstract: A system and method for generating an audible sound in an imaging device is provided, the device having an electronic motor controllable by a first operation sequence to perform a first function. When a condition is detected for which an audible sound is to be generated as notification of the condition, a motor is rotated according to a second operation sequence so as to create the audible sound as notification of the condition, wherein the second operation sequence causes the motor to rotate in a manner, other than the motor rotation resulting from the first operation sequence, so as to cause the motor to perform only the notification function.

Abstract: A power steering system and induction motor load compensation algorithm or processing method for use in a vehicle. The power steering system comprises a power supply, a power steering motor, a steering subsystem, and a power steering controller coupled to the power supply. The controller processes a frequency command input corresponding to the power steering frequency requested by the steering subsystem and data contained in one or more software lookup tables to adjust the output frequency produced by the power supply to control the speed of the power steering, motor. The lookup tables are generated empirically and characterize the output power of the power supply at different system pressures over a range of motor speeds. The software lookup tables provide a power band that implements a power limiting state machine.

Abstract: A stage apparatus for moving a table, on which a work is carried, of a semiconductor producing equipment or the like on a base by way of a driving shaft and positioning the table at a predetermined position. The stage apparatus comprises a guide mechanism for guiding and supporting the table on the base; a linear motor provided between the base and the table along a direction in which the table is fed; and controlling means for controlling, for a predetermined period before the table is stopped, stopping operations of the driving shaft and the linear motor in a mutually associated relationship in accordance with predetermined controlling conditions.

Abstract: In a preferred embodiment, a linear/rotary electromagnetic device, including: a housing (20); first and second stators (22 and 40) disposed in the housing, first and second rotors (24/26 and 42/44) disposed in the housing and magnetically interacting, respectively, with the first and second stators; the first stator and the first rotor comprising a rotary motor; the second stator and the second rotor comprising an electromagnetic brake; a shaft (28) extending through a portion of the housing and axially through the first and second rotors, the shaft having a threaded portion (50) extending through a complementary threaded portion (44) of one of the first and second rotors; whereby; when the electromagnetic brake is locked and the rotary motor is rotated in a first direction, the shaft will move axially in a first direction; when the electromagnetic brake is locked and the rotary motor is rotated in the second direction, the shaft will move axially in a second direction; and when the electromagnetic brake is r

Abstract: A biaxially rotational structure for a planar antenna comprises a biaxial base having a vertical direction and a horizontal direction, a vertical shaft assembly disposed at the vertical direction of the biaxial base, the vertical shaft assembly has a rotation limiting member; a support frame pivotally mounted on the vertical shaft assembly, the support frame having a stopper extending downwardly in a manner that the rotation limiting member limits the stopper to rotate within one turn with respect to the vertical shaft assembly; a first resilient member disposed between the vertical shaft assembly and the support frame for exerting a pressing force on the support frame; a horizontal shaft assembly disposed at the horizontal direction; and a second resilient member disposed between the horizontal shaft assembly and the biaxial base for exerting a friction force therebetween.

Abstract: A stage system includes a stage movable along a path, a first driving mechanism for accelerating or decelerating the stage on the basis of a resilience force of a resilient member, a first holding mechanism for holding a resilience force being accumulated through compression of the resilient member of the first driving mechanism, and a second holding mechanism for holding a resilience force being accumulated through extension of the resilient member of the first driving mechanism, wherein resilience energy of the resilient member is used for stage acceleration, which is very effective to prevent large heat generation, and wherein resilient energy accumulated in the resilient member during deceleration is used for subsequent stage acceleration, which is very effective for energy efficiency and for heat generation suppression.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electronically adjustable actuator for actuating a plurality of actuating elements, such as valves. A control unit is provided for generating actuating signals to cause each of the valves to move with one another in a start-stop motion in accordance with a predetermined moving pattern. The control unit would measure each potential at the outermost lowest position of the valve and at the outermost highest position of the valve. A device is provided for determining the present potential percentage value of the different valve between the maximum potential as well as the minimum potential. This different value is used to determine whether an actuating signal would be used to drive each of the actuating elements in the start-stop motion.

Abstract: A machine tool includes a spindle having a cutting tool for cutting a workpiece. For fault detection, a control unit of the machine tool detects a value representing a torque applied on the spindle while the spindle is stopped in a state the cutting tool is engaged with the workpiece. The control unit further compares the detected value (representing a torque) with a predetermined threshold thereby to determine that a fault has occurs. Since the detection of the value representing a torque is performed while the spindle is stopped, the detection is free from the effects of acceleration or deceleration of the spindle.

Abstract: A servo device which simultaneously controls plural servo systems, using a digital signal processor (DSP). The servo device includes plural servo systems, plural control subjects, and plural sensors which determine control quantities of the respective control subjects. The servo device also includes a calculation processing device which finds operating amounts of the respective control subjects from the control quantities which have been detected. The calculation processing device measures the gain of each servo system, and during the gain measurement of a given servo system, drops the control band of other servo systems, or sets the other servo systems to OFF or HOLD.

Abstract: A drive control system for a binding line having first and second separate binding-line segments, includes a first motor for driving the first binding-line segment, a second motor independent of the first motor for driving the second binding-line segment, and a controller coupled to the first and second motors. The controller is operable in an independent or asynchronous mode for controlling the first and second motors so that the first and second binding-line segments operate independently, and is also operable in a synchronous mode for controlling the first and second motors so that the first and second binding-line segments operate in synchronism with one another.

Abstract: A drive control system for a binding line having first and second separate binding-line segments, includes a first motor for driving the first binding-line segment, a second motor independent of the first motor for driving the second binding-line segment, and a controller coupled to the first and second motors. The controller is operable in an independent or asynchronous mode for controlling the first and second motors so that the first and second binding-line segments operate independently, and is also operable in a synchronous mode for controlling the first and second motors so that the first and second binding-line segments operate in synchronism with one another.

Abstract: Position apparatus for controlling the movement of a table, on which a semiconductor work is carried along a unidirectional path in rectangular coordinate system. The table is driven in a single plane by x and y coordinate drive control means. The position apparatus includes guide means for supporting the table on the base; first drive means for driving the table in a first direction, a second drive means for driving the table in a second direction opposite to the first direction and controller means for controlling the first and second drive means to cause the table to stop without causing table vibration and without overshoot.

Abstract: In a linear feedback servo control system, the motion profile for each axis is pre-filtered before it is introduced to the servo loop for that axis. The motion profile is pre-filtered by a filter having an inverse amplitude response to the amplitude response of the servo loop. Therefore, the composite amplitude response of the filter/servo loop combination is approximately ideal for all relevant frequencies. The pre-filtering is done using constant delay filters, whether high pass, low pass or hybrid, that exhibit a phase lag corresponding to a time delay that is essentially constant at all relevant frequencies. Each axis of synchronized motion is pre-filtered with constant delay filters having the same time delay constant, but selected so that the motion of each axis provides sufficient accuracy within the intended bandwidth of that particular axis. Consequently, while phase lag is not zero, there is essentially constant delay for all axes at all relevant frequencies.

Abstract: In an imaging apparatus with rotary table having a plurality of control items, operation completion of control items, such as horizontal angle, vertical angle, zoom and focus, of the imaging apparatus and the rotary table is detected by respective completion detectors and so on. On the basis of the logical product of all operation completion signals, an AND circuit 3 permits control toward the next desired value.

Abstract: A heat engine operates an alternator that supplies electrical power to an electric continuously variable transmission for driving at least one ac motor through a differential to multiple wheels or to multiple independent ac wheel motors in an automobile, bus or truck. A heat engine control operates in a closed-loop power mode and decouples heat engine speed from motor speed, allowing the heat engine to produce required power at an operating speed and throttle position, or fuel injector duty cycle, that maximizes fuel economy and minimizes engine emissions. An energy storage unit (e.g., a battery, flywheel, ultracapacitor, superconducting magnetic energy storage device, or combination thereof) provides electrical energy to the electric drive system during vehicle accelerations and further reduces peak power demands on the heat engine. Advantageously, energy is recovered during vehicle deceleration and braking; and the recovered energy is used to recharge the energy storage unit.

Abstract: Apparatus for generating a plurality of pulse width modulated signals for separately driving a plurality of electrical loads, comprising, a microprocessor, a plurality of comparator means, each of the comparator structure including first and second input terminals and an output terminal, digital to analog converter structure connected to the microprocessor for control thereby, the converter structure including a plurality of output terminals respectively connected to a different comparator structure first terminal for providing separate control signals thereto, structure for generating a reference voltage signal having a variable amplitude, the signal generating structure connected to each of the comparator structure second terminals for providing the reference voltage signal thereto, a plurality of power amplifiers, a plurality of electrical loads respectively connected to a different comparator structure output terminal via a different power amplifier for receiving therefrom an amplified comparator structur

Abstract: A motion controller, which is adaptable to a variety of different motors, provides motor control signals to the motors of a multi-axis coordinated system as a function of position and velocity commands from a host computer. The motion controller configures the motor control signals to be compatible to the particular motors being driven based upon motor identification instructions from the host computer.

Abstract: A biaxial rotary drive unit drives an antenna Ant on a vehicle for rotation in both azimuthal and elevational directions. A first axis Y represents a vertical axis, and an azimuth turntable 120 is rotatable about the first axis. The second axis X represents a horizontal axis, and the antenna Ant is mounted on the turntable so as to be rotatable about the second axis in the elevational direction. The turntable 120 represents a gear of an increased diameter, which is meshed by a gear 144 of a reduced diameter to be driven thereby for rotation. A cylindrical shaft 116 extends through the center of the larger diameter gear 120. The cylindrical shaft 116 carries a ring gear meshing with a pinion gear 154, which serves driving the cylindrical shaft 116 up and down. The vertical movement of the cylindrical shaft 116 is transmitted through a link 115 to drive the antenna Ant for rotation in the elevational direction.

Abstract: An electromagnetic cylindrical projectile mass launcher and a method of operation is provided which includes a cylindrical projectile having a conducting armature, a cylindrical barrel in which the armature is received, a plurality of electromagnetic drive coil stages, a plurality of pulse energy sources, and a pulsed power arrangement for generating magnetic pulses forming a pulsed magnetic wave along the length of the launcher barrel. The pulsed magnetic wave provides a propelling force on the projectile along the drive coil. The pulsed magnetic wave of the drive coil stages is advanced along the armature faster than the projectile to thereby generate an induced current wave in the armature. The pulsed generation of the magnetic wave minimizes electromagnetic heating of the projectile and provides for smooth acceleration of the projectile through the barrel of the launcher.

Abstract: A control unit capable of driving a compound lathe so that an end face of a rotating workpiece can be tapped. The control unit (100) comprises first and second control circuits (110, 120) for controlling the rotation of first and second spindles (10, 20) respectively fitted with the workpiece (60) and a tapper (70). At start of tapping operation, the second control circuit executes position loop control in accordance with a deviation (.epsilon.) between position feedback signals (PCC1, PCC2) related to the two spindles, thereby equalizing rotational speeds of the two spindles, and then causes the second spindle to rotate at a speed higher than that of the first spindle by a tapping speed in accordance with the deviation (.epsilon.

Abstract: A combined linear-rotary direct drive step motor, having a rotary section and a linear section in a single housing, comprising a cylindrically shaped variable reluctance linear step motor; a modified hybrid permanent-magnet rotary step motor; and a common shaft shared by said linear step motor and said rotary step motor. The teeth of the rotary motor are circumferentially spaced around the stator pole faces and rotor; while in the linear portion of the motor, the teeth are longitudinally spaced along the face of the stator poles and rotor. Except for the teeth, the shape of the stator poles in the rotary and linear sections are identical. The laminated stators and rotors reduce eddy current losses at high stepping speeds. The stator coils of both motor sections are separate and can be energized independently allowing any combination of rotary or linear motion. According to alternate embodiments of the invention, the rotor is fabricated from stacked laminations, in a waffle board like configuration.

Abstract: A ball-splined shaft assembly suitable for use in a robot arm or the like is provided. The assembly includes a shaft formed with a plurality of circumferential grooves spaced apart from one another at a predetermined pitch and a pair of longitudinal grooves which are located opposite sides and extend in parallel with the center line of the shaft. An outer sleeve unit fitted onto the shaft includes a pair of endless circulating paths each provided with a plurality of balls. Each of the endless circulating paths includes a load path section where the balls are partly exposed and thus received in the corresponding one of the longitudinal grooves. The outer sleeve unit is mounted on a housing through a pair of ball bearings. Thus, the shaft may rotate together with the outer sleeve unit relative to the housing and the shaft may move in its longitudinal direction relative to the outer sleeve unit and thus the housing. A stepping motor is mounted on the housing and operatively coupled to the outer sleeve unit.

Abstract: A machine tool having a work spindle with an electrically actuated clamping unit including a three-phase motor with a stationary stator. The motor is supplied with electricity from a control unit operating with frequency conversion, and the control unit is alternatingly also used for triggering a spindle drive motor. A sensor detects clamping force applied to a workpiece, and produces a signal used to reduce motor speed of the three-phase motor until a predetermined clamping force is achieved.

Abstract: A projectile for use in an electromagnetic projectile launcher is provided with a conductive open loop which is mechanically attached to the body of the projectile. Means are provided for electrically connecting the open loop between a pair of generally parallel projectile launching rails when the open loop is in a predetermined angular orientation with respect to the rails. Current flowing in the loop then interacts with magnetic flux produced by current flowing within the rails to place a torque on the loop which can be used to spin-stabilize the projectile or to prevent rotation of the projectile depending upon the particular application.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to electric motor/actuators and in particular to an electric motor/actuator including multiple non-magnetic armatures having commutated windings rotatable in a single air gap formed between opposing permanent magnets having their opposed polarized poles facing said armatures and wherein individual ones of said armatures are capable of different output functions from others of said armatures.