Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an electric power tool capable of automatically changing the rotating speed of an electric motor in accordance with operation conditions. The electric power tool 11 which carries out an operation of polishing, peel-off, cutting, or the like by swinging a tip tool 13 attached to a tool retaining 31 part within the range of predetermined angles by the drive power of the electric motor 12, wherein the electric power tool has a control device configured to indirectly detect the load of the tip tool from a current value, and to control the rotating speed of the electric motor 12 to a maximum rotating speed and a minimum rotating speed on the basis of the load of the tip tool 13.

Abstract: A motor control unit controls a driving current that flows through a coil of a motor to be driven, by controlling a PWM signal supplied to an H bridge circuit constituted by FETs. A current value generation unit detects a driving current based on a voltage that occurs across a current detection resistor, and corrects a detection value by using a first or second correction value. The current value generation unit, if the driving current is detected in the H period of the PWM signal, corrects the detection value by using the first correction value, and if the driving current is detected in the L period of the PWM signal, corrects the detection value by using the second correction value that has a polarity different from a polarity of the first correction value.

Abstract: A method named as Magnet Shifting to reduce torque ripple of permanent magnet synchronous motor is disclosed. A way of reasonably choosing the repeating unit of magnetic pole, the shifting ways and the shifting angle calculation of the first and second magnet shifting is described, which are carried on the repeating unit of magnetic poles individually or repeatedly to improve the performance of the motor. The method can be applied to surface, surface-inset and inner-embedded permanent magnet motors, which can reduce torque ripple caused by different torque components, including cogging torque, reluctance torque or permanent magnet torque. It also can quickly calculate the shifting angle of the magnetic pole by choosing repeating unit reasonably. Magnet shifting can effectively enhance the sinusoidal degree of back electrodynamic force (back-EMF) waveform, where the repeating units can offset the torque ripple between the maximum and the minimum value to reduce the different torque harmonics.

Abstract: In order to provide an electric tool with good operability that can extend the life of and suppress breakage of a switching element for controlling energization of a brushless motor, a control unit (50), after an operation switch (5) is turned off, does not immediately turn off an inverter circuit (43) (does not set the duty of a PWM signal to 0), and instead normally operates the inverter circuit (43) with a low-duty PWM signal and waits until a rotation speed of a brushless motor (6) reaches a predetermined rotation speed or less to turn off the inverter circuit (43) (to set the duty of the PWM signal to 0).

Abstract: The aspects of the present disclosure provide an upgradable vehicle cockpit interface and in particular, to a single or multi-phase upgradable hardware and firmware vehicle cockpit interface. The upgradable vehicle cockpit interface may include one or more hardware and firmware components that may be designed to interface with or connect to one or more corresponding hardware and firmware blocks located within the vehicle cockpit. The hardware and firmware components may be detachable from the hardware and firmware blocks and may be backwards compatible with the vehicle's hardware and firmware blocks. The upgradable vehicle cockpit interface enables an individual to experience the same vehicle over a time period and have the ability to upgrade the vehicle components (i.e. electronics) to ease the vehicle aging process.

Abstract: A vehicle seat includes a seat bottom coupled to a floor to move relative to the floor and a seat back coupled to the seat bottom to move relative to the seat bottom.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a function connection unit for connecting functional modules. The functional connection unit includes a plurality of functional module terminals configured to connect to the functional modules and to communicate according to a first communication protocol, and a parameter memory that includes parameter data for device specific parameterization of at least one functional module. The parameter memory is configured to connect to a functional module terminal of the plurality of functional module terminals. The function connection unit is configured to read the parameter data from the parameter memory. The function connection unit is also configured to parameterize at least one functional module in a device-specific fashion based at least in part on the read parameter data.

Abstract: A system includes a torque sensor; and a hybrid power system. The hybrid power sensor includes a frame; an engine mounted on the frame; and a generator, the generator including: a generator rotor mechanically coupled to a shaft of the engine; and a generator stator coupled to the frame by the torque sensor. The torque sensor is configured to measure a torque on the generator stator.

Abstract: An ESD cell includes an n+ buried layer (NBL) within a p-epi layer on a substrate. An outer deep trench isolation ring (outer DT ring) includes dielectric sidewalls having a deep n-type diffusion (DEEPN diffusion) ring (DEEPN ring) contacting the dielectric sidewall extending downward to the NBL. The DEEPN ring defines an enclosed p-epi region. A plurality of inner DT structures are within the enclosed p-epi region having dielectric sidewalls and DEEPN diffusions contacting the dielectric sidewalls extending downward from the topside surface to the NBL. The inner DT structures have a sufficiently small spacing with one another so that adjacent DEEPN diffusion regions overlap to form continuous wall of n-type material extending from a first side to a second side of the outer DT ring dividing the enclosed p-epi region into a first and second p-epi region. The first and second p-epi region are connected by the NBL.

Abstract: The control section controls the electric motor to be driven such that the number of revolutions becomes equal to the target number of revolutions. If the control section sets the target number of revolutions to a number of revolutions of the electric motor requested by another control section, the control section changes the number of revolutions of the electric motor at an increase rate lower than or equal to the upper limit value of the increase rate or at a decrease rate lower than or equal to the upper limit value of the decrease rate. If the control section sets the target number of revolutions to a number-of-revolutions limit value, which is determined based on the voltage of a vehicle battery, the control section is able to decrease the number of revolutions of the electric motor at a decrease rate exceeding the upper limit value.

Abstract: A method of controlling a power steering system including at least one course control function, whereby a position setpoint is determined automatically according to a reference course that a vehicle is to be made to follow, then a motor setpoint applied to an assistance motor is adjusted accordingly, the method including a safety function which is distinct from the course control function and meets a higher ASIL safety level according to ISO-26262 standard, said safety function including a diagnostics subfunction according to which a control parameter such as the angular position of the steering wheel, the driver torque applied to the steering wheel, or the rate at which the steering wheel is turned is monitored in order to detect the onset of an alert situation considered to be hazardous, then an intervention subfunction according to which, if an alert situation is detected, the course control function is neutralized.

Abstract: Method for the protection of electric motors from critical operating states wherein, as the electric motor is operating, a motor current value and/or a motor voltage value is/are measured and compared with a permissible operating range wherein an output signal is generated when leaving the permissible operating range and, while the electric motor is operating, the permissible operating range is determined and adjusted continuously from the measured motor current value and/or from the measured motor voltage value.

Abstract: A method for controlling a motor driven steering system includes setting a reference point of a motor angle by a control unit, estimating a steering angular speed and a steering angle using the reference point by the control unit, determining whether the steering angle is included within a predetermined setting range by the control unit, and controlling an output torque of the motor driven steering system by the control unit using the steering angular speed and the steering angle, when the steering angle is included within the setting range.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to reduce an overcurrent of an inverter and a motor. A control device for an electric motor in which windings of respective phases are independently connected, the control device for the electric motor uses a zero-phase current calculation means for calculating a zero-phase current based on detection values of currents of the respective phases flowing in the electric motor and a position of a rotor of the electric motor to control a current flowing in the electric motor such that a vector sum of a drive current and the zero-phase current is equal to or lower than a predetermined current.

Abstract: An electric motor control system of a vehicle includes a current command module configured to, based on a motor torque request for an electric motor of the vehicle, generate a first d-axis current command for the electric motor and a first q-axis current command for the electric motor. An adjustment module is configured to, based on a speed of a rotor of the electric motor and the motor torque request, selectively determine at least one of a d-axis current adjustment and a q-axis current adjustment based on a temperature of the rotor of the electric motor. An adjusting module is configured to produce a second d-axis current command for the electric motor by adjusting the first d-axis current command based on the d-axis current adjustment and to produce a second q-axis current command for the electric motor by adjusting the first q-axis current command based on the q-axis current adjustment.

Abstract: A method for limiting the current in a device of “H-bridge” type having a plurality of transistors including the following steps: detection of a failure in a transistor from among the plurality of transistors; disabling of the transistor in which a failure has been detected; detection in the transistors opposite to the transistor, of the discharging of the energy accumulated at output; and disabling of the other transistors of the plurality of transistors. A system for limiting the current in a device of “H-bridge” type having a plurality of transistors is also disclosed.

Abstract: In aspects, the present invention discloses a method of detecting a condition of an electric machine using a portable diagnostic device comprising one or more sensors for measuring at least one physical parameter associated with the electric machine in at least two axes. The method comprises measuring the at least one physical parameter associated with electric machine at a first position in a first axis and a second axis, determining a ratio of a first measurement of the at least one physical parameter in the first axis and a second measurement of the at least one physical parameter in the second axis at the first position, identifying a spatial distribution associated with the condition of the electric machine from a database based on the determined ratio and identifying the condition of the electric machine based on the identified spatial distribution.

Abstract: An alternating current (AC) motor system and control methods are provided herein. The AC motor system includes a motor having a first rated horsepower and configured to be coupled to a power source, and a drive circuit configured to be electrically coupled between the power source and the motor. The drive circuit has a second rated horsepower that is lower than the first rated horsepower.

Abstract: In a rotary electrical machine control apparatus, a selection section selects a relay current limiting value or a coil current limiting value depending on whether a plurality of systems are operated or one or more but not all of the plurality of systems are operated. The system is a combination of a winding set, an inverter, and a power supply relay, which correspond to each other. The relay current limiting value is a current limiting value calculated based on the temperature of the power supply relay. The coil current limiting value is a current limiting value calculated based on the temperature of a choke coil.

Abstract: The controller is equipped with a detection signal acquiring unit adapted to acquire a detection signal from a sensor that detects a physical quantity caused by vibrations generated at a detected location due to rotation of an electric motor, a phase information acquiring unit adapted to acquire phase information of the electric motor, a time width determining unit adapted to determine a time width, which coincides with a period of a phenomena occurring at the detected location due to rotation of the electric motor, on the basis of the phase information, a signal dividing unit adapted to divide the detection signal based on the determined time width, and an adding and averaging unit adapted to add and average a plurality of divided signals divided by the time width.

Abstract: A drive protection method used in a drive circuit of a DC motor having a maximum tolerance value is disclosed to include the steps of providing a drive current for driving the DC motor and a control signal a for controlling the output level of the drive current, providing a maximum signal level corresponding to the maximum tolerance value of said DC motor, comparing the level of the feedback signal of the DC motor and the maximum signal level, and computing the feedback signal to obtain an operation signal when the level of the feedback signal exceeds the maximum signal level and then stopping the output of the control signal when the level of the operation signal reaches a turn-off level.

Abstract: A motor control system comprises a motor control circuit, a non-transitory storage medium and a processing circuitry. The storage medium is configured to store a current threshold profile that is indicative of a current requirement of the motor control circuit for an operational cycle of a motor. The processing circuitry is configured to adjust the stored current threshold profile based on a change to the operational cycle of the motor (e.g., from standard to non-standard).

Abstract: An electric motor assembly includes an electric motor, a casing configured to house the motor, and an electrical enclosure coupled to the motor casing. The electrical enclosure houses a control board including a microcontroller and a memory device therein. The microcontroller is configured to control the electric motor based at least in part on motor configuration data stored in the memory device. The assembly also includes a near field communications (NFC) antenna positioned adjacent to an opening defined in the motor casing or the electronics enclosure, and is communicatively coupled to the memory device. The NFC antenna is configured to: receive a radio signal transmitted by an external programming device, the radio signal including updated motor configuration data; convert the radio signal to an electrical signal that includes the updated motor configuration data; and transmit the electrical signal to the memory device to store the updated motor configuration data.

Abstract: A control apparatus is provided in a rotary electric machine driving system that includes a rotary electric machine for a vehicle and a control unit that controls driving of the rotary electric machine. The apparatus includes a malfunction determination section determining whether or not a system malfunction that requires torque limitation has occurred, a to-be-avoided state determination section determining whether or not the vehicle is in a to-be-avoided state, a torque limitation section limiting an output torque outputted from the rotary electric machine to a limiting torque smaller than a command torque, when the system malfunction is determined to have occurred and the vehicle is not in the to-be-avoided state, and a torque limitation relaxation section permitting the output torque to be a limitation relaxation torque larger than the limiting torque, when the system malfunction is determined to have occurred and the vehicle is in the to-be-avoided state.

Abstract: The disclosed method enables control of an actuator for winding a blackout screen around a winding shaft. The actuator includes at least one electric motor. The method includes: at least one step that involves using an electronic unit to detect screen locking, during lowering or raising, by detecting a torque exerted by the motor on the winding shaft, the torque being determined on the basis of a current for supplying power to the motor; and a step that involves stopping the motor when a signal representing the detected current is greater than a threshold value. The electronic unit is parametrizable. Moreover, the method includes at least one additional step, used when the signal representing the detected current is less than the threshold value and involving detecting, on the basis of the detected current, a localized change in the shape of the screen, during lowering, by using the same electronic unit.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a manufacturing apparatus includes collecting a control signal, of a controller and a corresponding sensing signal, of the manufacturing apparatus over a predetermined period of time; segmenting the control signal and the corresponding sensing signal to obtain at least one control step; calculating a character of the controller based on at least one of the control signal, the sensing signal, the at least one control step, or information from a user manual; generating, based on the character, a health index indicating health of the controller; and generating a warning signal when the health index exceeds a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A power tool that includes a motor configured to drive a working element, a power supply that is coupled to the motor to provide power to the motor, a shunt circuit that is coupled to the power supply, and a controller. The shunt circuit includes a shunt switch and a shunt element and is configured to hold a voltage of the power supply below a high voltage threshold. The shunt switch is switchable between a conducting state, in which the shunt switch conducts current through the shunt element, and a non-conducting state, in which the shunt switch does not conduct current through the shunt element. The controller is coupled to the motor, the power supply, and the shunt circuit and is configured to determine the voltage of the power supply, and control the shunt switch based on the voltage from the power supply.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and a system for a Linear Resonant Actuator (LRA) real time impedance tracking. The method includes extracting the Back Electro-Motive Force (BEMF) voltage from a driver's load current by determining a current multiplying factor utilizing a Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithm and introducing an error function to control the gain of the load current and isolate the BEMF.

Abstract: A hair removal tool is equipped with: a drive unit for driving a blade; a load detection unit for detecting the size of the load on the drive unit; and a control unit for changing the drive mode of the drive unit between a first drive mode for driving the drive unit at a first drive speed, a second drive mode for driving the drive unit at a second drive speed which is faster than the first drive speed, and a transition mode for driving the drive unit at a transition speed which is faster than the second drive speed. A first interval is set as the interval from when the drive mode is changed from the first drive mode to the transition mode until when the drive mode is changed from the transition mode to the second drive mode. A second interval is set as the interval from when the drive mode is changed from the transition mode to the second drive mode until when the drive mode is changed from the second drive mode to the first drive mode. The first interval is shorter than the second interval.

Abstract: A method is provided for diagnosing an AGS system fault in a hybrid electric vehicle. That method includes validating shutter movement and inferring shutter position based upon stall current of a shutter drive motor and current drawn by an HEV traction motor. A new and improved active grill shutter system for a hybrid electric vehicle is also disclosed.

Abstract: In a method for supplying an electrical load of a vehicle with electrical energy by auxiliary converters connected in parallel on the alternating-voltage side, a current flow between the auxiliary converters and a grounded N conductor of an energy supply network is interrupted in the presence a ground fault. The auxiliary converters connected in parallel on the alternating-voltage side are operated with fundamental-wave and pulse synchronicity. An energy supply system of a vehicle, in particular of a rail vehicle, performs this method, with the energy supply system including at least two auxiliary converters arranged in parallel, an energy supply network for supplying electrical loads, at least one switch for interrupting a current flow between the auxiliary converters and the energy supply network.

Abstract: An electric motor gives regenerative braking force to a hybrid vehicle by regenerative control. A regeneration level selector selects regenerative braking force of the electric motor by a driver's operation. When an ECO mode is applied, an ECU increases the regenerative braking force selected by the regeneration level selector as compared with the time when the ECO mode is not applied.

Abstract: This disclosure provides example methods, devices, and systems for a three-lead electronic switch system adapted to replace a mechanical switch. A device is disclosed that includes a sensor, a current limiting circuit, an output switching circuit comprising a first switching device and a second switching device, and a three lead interface circuit in communication with the output switching circuit and the current limiting circuit. The device includes an electronic switching circuit in communication with the sensor, the current limiting circuit, and the output switching circuit. The electronic switching circuit is configured to drive the first and second switching devices in complementary conduction states responsive to determining the output of the sensor relative to a threshold voltage. The output switching circuit includes a first terminal, a second terminal, and a return terminal that are configured to provide power to the electronic switching circuit while providing an indication of the conduction states.

Abstract: In a method for operating a hybrid drive device of a motor vehicle, a speed ratio between an electric machine of the hybrid drive device and an output shaft of the hybrid drive device is reduced by a transmission, when a temperature of the electric machine exceeds a first temperature limit value.

Abstract: A method and system for monitoring an engine driven generator system (GMS) is provided herein. The system self-configures across generator types and manufacturers via a learning algorithm. Additional sensors are included in the system to provide a robust set of sensor data. Data analysis employed includes comparison to threshold levels, trending of historical data, and Wavelet analysis. A graphical touch screen is provided to users for both controlling the GMS and for viewing results. Monitoring results include operating conditions, existing faults, and warnings of undesirable conditions. Ethernet connections afford review of real time data, diagnostic feedback, and prognostic information at a central location. A sleep state of the GMS conserves generator battery life.

Abstract: A method for controlling temperature of an inverter system having an inverter and a cooling fan is provided, the method including: obtaining an internal temperature of the inverter and a DC (Direct Current)-link voltage of the inverter; and outputting a fan driving control signal for driving the fan or maintaining the fan being driven to the fan, when the internal temperature is above a predetermined fan drive setting temperature and the DC-link voltage is above a predetermined fan drive setting voltage.

Abstract: An electronic parking brake system and method for controlling an EPB system are disclosed. An EPB system including EPB actuator operated by a motor includes a motor driver which drives the motor of the EPB actuator; a current detector which detects a current flowing in the motor; and an electronic control unit (ECU) which drives the motor using the motor driver according to an operation mode, calculates an amount of current energy consumed by the motor using the current detected by the current detector while the motor is driving and a detecting time taken to detect the current, compares the calculated amount of current energy and a preset value, and controls an operation of the motor according to a result of the comparison.

Abstract: A motor control method and system are provided. The motor control method includes recognizing, by a controller, a driving signal for a motor and when the controller recognizes the driving signal, the controller determine a failure of multiple Hall sensors disposed within the motor, based on signals detected by the multiple Hall sensors. Additionally, when the Hall sensors in the motor are determined to be faulty, the controller identifies a faulty Hall sensor from among the multiple Hall sensors by analyzing respective frequencies of the signals detected by the multiple Hall sensors.

Abstract: A portable device for charging and discharging batteries simultaneously via having a servomotor controlled automatically by a microcontroller unit using a software is described. The servomotor arm is controlled and a circuit is open or closed at the command of the software based upon the voltage of each one of the batteries connected to the device; the temperature of electrical wires of the circuit and the amperage of the battery or batteries being charged. A second device for charging/discharging batteries is described having a servomotor arm controlled automatically by a microcontroller unit using a software. The servomotor arm is controlled during the charging/discharging process, which is carried out in two independent circuits in an alternated manner by moving the servomotor arm from one circuit to another based upon the same mentioned parameters.

Abstract: A method for controlling an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is provided. The UAV comprises at least one rotor. The method includes receiving a take-off signal; initiating the at least one rotor to operate with a first preset rotation acceleration in response to the take-off signal; detecting a take-off status information of the UAV, the take-off status information at least comprising a current height of the UAV; determining whether the detected current height of the UAV is equal to or greater than a threshold; and sending a hover signal to the at least one rotor to enable the UAV to hover in the current height in response to the determination that the detected current height of the UAV is equal to or greater than the threshold.

Abstract: An engine starter unit for starting an engine, includes a starter, a first controller, and a prohibiting means. The starter includes a motor generating a rotary force and a pinion transmitting the rotary force generated by the motor to the engine, the starter cranking the engine up to an engine speed of 450 rpm or more in a drive ON state. The first controller turns the starter into the drive ON state to make the starter start cranking in response to an ON operation of an ignition switch by a user. The prohibiting means prohibits the starter from being turned into the drive ON state again in response to another ON operation of the ignition switch for a prohibition duration after the first ON operation by the user.

Abstract: To enable any measurement through the galvanic isolation of a subsea transformer, a topside system is used apply an AC voltage thereby generating a flux is the transformer core. The test is preferably done prior to any rotation in a subsea motor installed “behind” the transformer. Therefore, the voltage and frequency combination is be selected such that the torque produced is insufficient to rotate the motor. Impedance amplitude and phase are measured and then comparing the results of modeled fault scenarios. Faults such as, open circuits, short circuits, and loss of phase(s) can be detected prior to startup.

Abstract: A diode includes: a p-type semiconductor substrate; an n-type semiconductor layer; a p-type isolation region formed to surround a predetermined region of the n-type semiconductor layer on the p-type semiconductor substrate; an n-type buried layer formed across the p-type semiconductor layer and the n-type semiconductor layer within the predetermined region; an n-type collector wall formed in the n-type semiconductor layer; a p-type anode region and a plurality of n-type cathode regions formed in a diode formation region; and a p-type guard ring formed to surround the diode formation region in a region between the diode formation region of the surface layer of the n-type semiconductor layer and the p-type isolation region. A transistor for reducing a leakage current is formed by the p-type anode region, the p-type guard ring, and an n-type semiconductor between the p-type anode region and the p-type guard ring.

Abstract: A method of monitoring an actuator system including a control device, a torque motor having a voltage Umc across its terminals and actuating a servo-valve, and an actuator controlled by the servo-valve, is provided. The control device is suitable for delivering to the torque motor a control current Icmd as a function of a current setpoint I_c and of a measured current Imes. The monitoring method includes: comparing the voltage Umc measured across the terminals of the torque motor with a predetermined threshold voltage Vthresh; and if the voltage across the terminals of the torque motor is less than or equal to the predetermined threshold voltage, raising an alarm and indicating a failure of the servo-valve. The comparison of the voltage Umc is performed only if the control current Icmd is greater than a predetermined threshold current Iinhib, with a control current less than that inhibiting any signaling of a servo-valve failure.

Abstract: A control method and system of an electrical vacuum pump is provide to resolve generation of peak current when a motor of the electrical vacuum pump initially starts and implement a soft start. The electrical vacuum pump generates vacuum by suctioning air by rotating a pump with a motor. The control method includes starting the motor by supplying a power supply to the motor to switch on the electrical vacuum pump and sensing current applied to the motor using a current sensing circuit. In addition, the method includes determining a target value of motor input voltage set as a value according to the sensed applied current while starting the motor until the sensed applied current reaches a predetermined current and adjusted the motor input voltage applied to the motor to correspond to the target value.

Abstract: An in-vehicle electronic control unit (ECU) for correcting an error introduced to a sensor output signal as a result of amplification is provided. An output voltage of first and second voltage generators and after-amplification voltages of such output voltages are respectively A/D converted for input into a linear function. A microcomputer adjusts the output voltage of the first and second voltage generators which are amplified by the amplification circuit so that the output signals of the first and second voltage generators are adjusted to increase a voltage difference between the two. The increased voltage difference allows accurate identification of the linear function and removal of the error that is introduced to the sensor output signal during the course of processing by the amplification circuit.

Abstract: A three-phase inverter apparatus includes an inverter main circuit in three phases having a plurality of semiconductor switching devices to convert a DC voltage into the three-phase AC voltages to be supplied to a pulsating load, a current detector configured to detect first and second output currents from the inverter main circuit, a voltage detector configured to detect first to third output voltages from the inverter main circuit, and a control circuit configured to generate a command compensation value using a value obtained by dividing a current RSM obtained from the first and second output currents by an average value of the current RSM, and generate the compensated control command for each of the switching devices by multiplying the command compensation value by a corresponding one of control commands each of which is generated for a corresponding one of the switching devices, using the first to third output voltages.

Abstract: A power tool that includes a motor configured to drive a working element, a power supply that is coupled to the motor to provide power to the motor, a shunt circuit that is coupled to the power supply and the motor, and a controller. The shunt circuit includes a shunt switch and a shunt element and is configured to hold a voltage of the power supply below a high voltage threshold. The shunt switch is switchable between a conducting state, in which the shunt switch conducts current through the shunt element, and a non-conducting state, in which the shunt switch does not conduct current through the shunt element. The controller is coupled to the motor, the power supply, and the shunt circuit and is configured to determine the voltage of the power supply, and control the shunt switch based on the voltage from the power supply.

Abstract: A controller includes a multiplier block that is coupled to receive an input voltage signal, an input current signal, and an output voltage signal that are representative of a power conversion system. The multiplier block outputs a multiplier block output signal responsive to a product of the input voltage signal and the input current signal divided by the output voltage signal. A signal discriminator outputs a error signal responsive to the multiplier block output signal. The error signal is representative of a difference between a portion of the multiplier block output signal that is greater than a reference signal and a portion of the multiplier block output signal that is less than or equal to the reference signal. A switch controller generates a drive signal responsive to the error signal to control switching of a power switch to regulate an average output current of the power conversion system.

Abstract: A vehicle window opening device includes a controlling portion, which controls opening/closing operation of a vehicle window based on drive force of a drive portion, a manipulation portion, which outputs a command signal in response to manipulation, and a catching detecting portion, which detects catching of a foreign object by the vehicle window based on a characteristic value of the drive portion that fluctuates in accordance with fluctuation in load acting on the vehicle window during an opening operation. The control portion is configured to control the opening operation, the closing operation, or both the opening and closing operations of the vehicle window based on manipulation of the manipulation portion after detection of catching by the catching detecting portion.