Abstract: A standby battery box for an electric cylinder is electrically connected to a control box for driving the electric cylinder and includes a charge-discharge device and a rechargeable battery. The charge-discharge device includes a protection unit, a power conversion unit, a voltage detection unit, a control unit, a discharge unit, a display unit, and a switch unit. The rechargeable battery is electrically connected to the charge-discharge device. When a startup switch of the switch unit is pressed, the charge-discharge device delivers the electricity of the rechargeable battery into the control box. When a shutoff switch of the switch unit is pressed, the charge-discharge device does not supply power, thereby protecting the standby battery box from being exhausted.

Abstract: The invention relates to an attenuation circuit for an energy storage device having one or more energy storage modules which are connected in series in one or more energy supply lines and have at least one energy storage cell and a coupling device which has a multiplicity of coupling elements and is designed to selectively switch or bridge the energy storage cell in the respective energy supply line.

Abstract: An electrical storage system includes electrical storage elements connected in series with each other and being charged or discharged; discharge circuits respectively connected in parallel with the electrical storage elements and discharging the corresponding electrical storage elements; and a controller controlling operations of the discharge circuits. The controller calculates a first SOC difference using a full charge capacity of each electrical storage element. The first SOC difference is a difference in SOC between the electrical storage elements and arises due to a difference in full charge capacity between the electrical storage elements. The controller calculates a second SOC difference that is a difference in SOC between the electrical storage elements at the moment the second SOC difference is calculated.

Abstract: A charging device with a battery management system which remains a rechargeable battery in full capacity during standby after being fully charged is disclosed. The charging device includes a charging module, electrically connected to a power source, for charging the rechargeable battery; a voltage detecting module, for detecting a voltage of the rechargeable battery; and a determination module, for instructing the charging module to charge the rechargeable battery with a supplementary current, when the voltage of the rechargeable battery detected by the voltage detecting module reduces to a first predetermined voltage, until the voltage of the rechargeable battery reaches a second predetermined voltage. A reduction of the voltage of the rechargeable battery is due to self-discharge of the rechargeable battery during standby after being fully charged.

Abstract: A system that balances voltages between battery banks. The system includes battery banks, including a first bank and a second bank, and a first capacitor. The system also includes a first set of switching devices which selectively couple first and second terminals of the first capacitor to first and second terminals of the first bank, and to first and second terminals of the second bank. The system includes a clocking circuit which generates clock signals with substantially non-overlapping first and second clock phases. This clocking circuit is configured so that during the first phase the first and second terminals of the first capacitor are coupled to the first and second terminals of the first bank, respectively, and during the second phase the first and second terminals of the first capacitor are coupled to the first and second terminals of the second bank, respectively.

Abstract: A system, method, and apparatus for virtual cells for battery thermal management are disclosed. The disclosed method involves sensing, with at least one temperature sensor, a temperature of at least one battery cell in a battery pack. The method further involves sensing, with at least one current sensor, at least one current within the battery pack. Also, the method involves determining, with a battery thermal management system (BTMS) controller, if the temperature of any of the battery cells in the battery pack exceeds a temperature limit (TLimit). Further, the method involves activating, with the BTMS controller, at least one virtual cell to provide current or sink current for at least one of the battery cells in the battery pack that exceeds the temperature limit.

Abstract: A charging device is provided. The charging device includes an input interface configured to receive electrical power from a power source and charge a removable energy storage device using the electrical power from the power source. The power source may be a solar panel. The charging device may include multiple input interfaces configured to receive electrical power at different voltages. The charging device may include an output interface configured to provide electrical power to an electrical device connected to the output interface, and the circuit may be configured to provide electrical power to the output interface from at least one of the removable energy storage device and the input interface.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for ascertaining the maximum power obtainable from a traction storage-battery system that includes a plurality of storage-battery elements connected in series. The method provides for: determining at least one power indicator for each storage-battery element, and ascertaining a quantity of the smallest power indicators of all determined power indicators of all storage-battery elements. The quantity includes the smallest power indicator or a subgroup thereof of all power indicators of the storage-battery elements. A power-output limit for the quantity is provided, starting from the power indicators of the quantity. The maximum power obtainable from the traction storage-battery system is extrapolated based on the power-output limit and linked by the extrapolation and because of the series connection, to a power output of the at least one storage-battery element for which the quantity of the smallest power indicators was ascertained.

Abstract: A lithium-ion battery includes two or more series-connected lithium-ion cells, a balancing lithium-ion cell, controllable switches with the same number as the lithium-ion cells, a drive module for the controllable switches, a voltage detection module for detecting a voltage at two ends of the lithium-ion cells, and a controller. The balancing lithium-ion cell is connected in parallel to the lithium-ion cells. The controllable switches control the turn on/off of the connection in parallel between the balancing lithium-ion cell and each of the lithium-ion cells independently. The drive module for the controllable switches and the voltage detection module are connected to the controller. A battery pack including the lithium-ion battery and a method for real-time charge/discharge equalizing of the lithium-ion battery are also provided.

Abstract: A balancing circuit for balancing multiple cells in a battery. The cell balancing circuit includes a first shunt path connected in parallel to a first cell, a controller coupled to the first shunt path, a timer and a storage unit. The controller balances the cells and detects balance conditions of each cell. The timer measures pre-balance times and balance times for each cell. The storage unit stores the pre-balance times and balance times. The controller pre-balances the first cell by enabling the first shunt path for a first pre-balance time and balances the first cell by enabling the first shunt path for a first balance time if an unbalance condition of the first cell is detected by the controller, and updates the first pre-balance time for each balancing cycle based on the first pre-balance time and the first balance time from a previous balancing cycle.

Abstract: A secondary battery pack of the present invention includes a secondary battery block 3 in which a plurality of unit blocks 2 are connected in series; battery adjustment sections 5 that are each provided for each of the unit blocks 2 and have a function of monitoring the voltage of secondary batteries and a function of adjusting the balance; a charge switch 8; and a discharge switch 9. The secondary battery pack includes transmission sections 17 that receive information from the corresponding battery adjustment sections 5. The transmission sections are connected to the preceding or subsequent transmission sections and are so set that at least either information input from the preceding transmission sections or information input from the battery adjustment sections 5 is output to the subsequent transmission sections.

Abstract: A system for balancing charge within a battery pack with a plurality of cells connected in series, including a capacitor; a processor configured to select a combination of donor cells and receiver cells from the plurality of cells in one of the following two modes: (1) a first mode where the number of donor cells is equal to the number of receiver cells, and (2) a second mode where the number of donor cells is greater than the number of receiver cells; and a plurality of switches that electrically connect the capacitor to the donor cells to charge the capacitor, and that electrically connected the capacitor to the receiver cells to discharge the capacitor. The transfer of charge between cells in the plurality of cells through the capacitor balances the charge within the battery pack.

Abstract: Provided are a cell balance device for protecting a switch circuit from an overcurrent flow. The cell balance device includes: a plurality of electric accumulator connection terminals each connected to one of a node and two terminals of electric accumulators connected in series; a voltage hold device connection terminal connected to a voltage hold device; a plurality of first switch circuits provided between the plurality of electric accumulator connection terminals and the voltage hold device; a control circuit for controlling ON/OFF of the plurality of first switch circuits based on a synchronization signal; and an overcurrent detection circuit for detecting an overcurrent flowing through each of the plurality of first switch circuits.

Abstract: A power supply apparatus supplies a power supply voltage to a charge monitor that monitors charge states of rechargeable battery cells. The apparatus includes: a first capacitative element that supplies a power supply voltage to the charge monitor; a second capacitative element that is charged from the rechargeable battery cell and charges the first capacitative element; a switch group including a first switch that connects the first and second capacitative elements, and a second switch that connects the rechargeable battery cell and the second capacitative element; and a controller that controls the switch group. The controller repeats charging the second capacitative element by the rechargeable battery cell by connecting the rechargeable cell and the second capacitative element by the first switch, and charging the first capacitative element by the second capacitative element by connecting the first and second capacitative elements by the second switch.

Abstract: An electric-bicycle driving apparatus includes a speed-change mode operator to output a low-speed or high-speed mode signal, a controller to output a first or second control signal corresponding to the low-speed or high-speed mode signal, a first motor driver to output a first motor-driving signal to drive a motor in a low-speed mode in response to the low-speed mode signal, a second motor driver to output a second motor-driving signal to drive the motor in a high-speed mode in response to the high-speed mode signal, a motor-drive-load booster to boost load of the second motor-driving signal using battery power under control of the controller in response to the high-speed mode signal, and a motor speed-change switching unit to selectively receive a switching enable signal from the controller so as to be turned on to provide the second motor-driving signal having the boosted load to the motor.

Abstract: A battery control device that controls a battery module in which a plurality of cell groups, in each of which a plurality of cells are connected in series, are connected in series or series-parallel, includes: a plurality of cell controller ICs that control each of the plurality of cell groups; and one or more connectors that are provided for connecting the plurality of cell controller ICs to the battery module; wherein: the plurality of cell controller ICs include first and second cell controller ICs that are provided in sequence, so as to control two or more of the cell groups that are connected in series; and an auxiliary connection member (a pin) is provided for connecting GND terminal side wiring of the first cell controller IC and VCC terminal side wiring of the second cell controller IC together, externally to the battery control device.

Abstract: A cell control device according to the present invention includes: a discharge circuit that discharges each unit cell selected by the first switches among a plurality of unit cells connected in series; a charging circuit that charges each unit cell selected by the second switches among the unit cells connected in series, and; a voltage detection unit that detects a voltage of each unit cell via voltage detection lines respectively connected to positive and negative electrodes of the unit cells; an oscillator that irradiates high frequency electromagnetic radiation upon the voltage detection lines; and a charging control unit that controls switching of the first switches, thereby performing discharge of the each unit cell, and a charging control unit that controls switching of the second switches, thereby performing charging of the unit cells, based on voltages of the unit cells that are detected by the voltage detection unit.

Abstract: A first battery 102 is removably housed in a first battery housing unit 108, and a second battery 103 is removably housed in a second battery housing unit 110. When it is detected that a lid 107 or 109 that is used when the first battery 102 or the second battery 103 is replaced is in an open state, system control sections 113 and 114 start a restriction mode for restricting an operation of an information processing device 100 such that power consumption by the information processing device 100 is curtailed.

Abstract: A measurement unit (200) measures voltages and currents of battery cells (100). A battery control unit (400) calculates a present estimation value of a residual capacity of the battery cells (100) by integrating the currents. The voltages of the battery cells (100) are set to a reference voltage value V1 serving as a trigger of a process of correcting the estimation value of the residual capacity and an alarm voltage value Va which is a voltage higher than the reference voltage value. In addition, the battery control unit (400) continues discharge of all the battery cells (100), as it is, when an alarm condition in which a voltage of a minimum capacity cell is equal to or less than the alarm voltage value is not satisfied, and outputs a first signal when the voltage of the minimum capacity cell satisfies the alarm condition.

Abstract: A charging device supplies charge current to a battery group having plural secondary batteries connected in series to perform charging. In the charging device, a discharge route circuit for discharging charge current to be supplied to the secondary battery when the battery voltage of the secondary battery exceeds a predetermined voltage while charging is provided to every secondary battery. Also provided is a cut-off circuit for cutting off the discharge route circuit from each secondary battery after charging is completed. Discharge at a discharge route circuit is suppressed and energy efficiency is increased.

Abstract: The present application is directed to a power dissipation apparatus including a conductive trace formed on a substrate and to methods of using the power dissipation apparatus. The power dissipation apparatus may be used to dissipate heat generated from electrical current passed through the conductive trace of the power dissipation apparatus. The current may be provided from, for example, a battery conditioner.

Abstract: A battery pack, a method of controlling the same, and an energy storage system including the battery pack are disclosed. According to some aspects, the method may include calculating charge capacities of the battery cells, obtaining a first average value, which is an average value of the calculated charge capacities, establishing a first standard value for selecting an abnormal battery cell based on the first average value and determining a first battery cell having the lowest charge capacity from among battery cells having charge capacities greater than the first standard value. A second standard value for selecting a battery cell that is to be discharged during a cell balancing operation may be established. A cell balancing operation with respect to battery cells having charge capacities greater than the second standard value may then be performed. Accordingly, a cell balancing operation may be effectively performed in order to efficiently manage a battery pack.

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery charge balancing device which includes: a charge-measuring unit that measures charge of a plurality of batteries storing power through a plurality of power converters connected with a plurality of input power sources; a mode-conversion parameter calculating unit that calculates mode conversion parameters for determining mode conversion such that the power converters operate in a power conversion mode for converting power or in a balancing mode for balancing charge between the batteries; and a control unit that controls power transmission path of the power converters by switching a plurality of switches connected between the power converters and the batteries in accordance with the calculated mode conversion parameters.

Abstract: Provided is a vehicle battery-pack equalization system (100), wherein, in a battery pack (10) to be mounted on a vehicle, and which is comprised of a plurality of unit cells (11) connected in series, each of the unit cells (11) are made to be discharged to equalize the voltages thereof, or the remaining capacities (SOC) thereof. The equalization processing time of each of the unit cells (11) is set to a period of time the result of multiplying the discharging time of the battery pack (10) starting from just before the equalization processing, and the ratio of the difference between the currents discharged by each of the unit cells (11) with respect to the equalization discharging current. In such a way, power consumption during equalization processing can be inhibited.

Abstract: A method for balancing multiple battery cells which are grouped into multiple battery modules includes: obtaining cell parameters of the battery cells, respectively; calculating an average cell parameter for each of the battery modules according to the cell parameters; identifying a donator module and a receiver module from the battery modules based upon the average cell parameter; and transferring energy from the donator module to the receiver module to balance the battery cells.

Abstract: In an electric power supply system, a plurality of batteries (405, 406) are connected in series by a switch group (402 to 404, 407 to 409), and a higher voltage and a lower voltage are output through a terminal and a VOL terminal, respectively, and are respectively converted in the voltage thereof by two step-down DC-DC inverters (105, 106). During a discharge operation upon a serial connection, remaining content of the batteries is measured in a period other than the period of discharge from the batteries (105, 106), and the connection mode of the serial connection is controlled based on the remaining content, to control the discharge of the respective batteries up to the discharge capacity.

Abstract: A charging and discharging system is disclosed. The charging and discharging system includes a first cell assembly and a second cell assembly. The first battery cell assembly includes a first cell, a first connecting piece, and a second connecting piece. The second cell assembly includes a second cell, a third connecting piece, and a fourth connecting piece. The first connecting piece and the second connecting piece connect the first cell to a circuit board. The third connecting piece and the fourth connecting piece connect the second cell to the circuit board. A length of the third connecting piece and the fourth connecting piece is greater than a total length of the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece. A resistivity of the third connecting piece and the fourth connecting piece is smaller than a length of the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece.

Abstract: A battery system has a battery module including a number M of series-connected batteries. The battery system is further provided with a number N (1<N?M) of charge equalizers, each of which once connected to a battery, causes the battery to be charged and/or discharged to achieve charge equalization. A control device is configured to determine for each battery if it requires charge equalization based on a state of charge (SOC) of the battery, compare a number L of the batteries that require charge equalization and the number M, and based on the comparison result, cause the battery system to be shut down, or the one or more batteries that require charge equalization to be connected to corresponding charge equalizers. A selective switch module is used for connecting the one or more batteries that require charge equalization to corresponding charge equalizers, respectively.

Abstract: A power supply system includes a first charge storage. A series circuit with a plurality of n charge storage modules is connected between load terminals. A second charge storage includes load terminals. A charge transfer arrangement includes at least one charge transfer unit coupled between one of the charge storage modules and the load terminals of the second charge storage. The charge transfer arrangement is configured to transfer upon request electrical charge from the one charge storage module to the second charge storage.

Abstract: An electrochemical storage device including a plurality of electrochemical cells connected electrically in series. Each cell includes an anode electrode, a cathode electrode and an aqueous electrolyte. The charge storage capacity of the anode electrode is less than the charge storage capacity of the cathode.

Abstract: What is provided is a cell balance control device including: a bypass circuit including a direct circuit with a bypass resistance and a switching element, the bypass circuit being connected in parallel to each of a plurality of cells included in a battery; a cell voltage detection unit detecting a cell voltage of each of the plurality of cells; a temperature detection unit detecting a temperature of a substrate on which the bypass circuit is mounted; and a control unit controlling and computing a duty ratio of the switching element based on a value detected by the temperature detection unit and a cell voltage of a discharge-needed cell obtained by the cell voltage detection unit.

Abstract: Provided are a battery state monitoring circuit and a battery device, in which, even when one secondary battery becomes an overcharged state or an overdischarged state and then a voltage detection circuit operates, power is not consumed in only the one secondary battery. The battery state monitoring circuit includes: a plurality of voltage detection circuits which are provided for a plurality of secondary batteries, respectively, for detecting voltages of the plurality of secondary batteries; and a current bypass circuit provided in each of the plurality of voltage detection circuits, for allowing an operation current of the each of the plurality of voltage detection circuits to flow into a ground terminal. Therefore, when only one secondary battery becomes an overcharged state or an overdischarged state, the battery device operates so that the power of all the secondary batteries is consumed to prevent voltages between the secondary batteries from being unbalanced.

Abstract: An flight-safe indicator for a battery displays the flight-safety state of a battery to be transported by an aircraft. The indicator can be easily recognized by ground personnel anywhere regardless of the language they speak or read. The indicator comprises an icon indicating that the battery is safe for flight and would be easily recognized by personnel at an airport. The icon would be placed on the battery or on the battery packaging prior to loading on the aircraft. When the magnitude of power stored on the battery exceeds a safety threshold, the icon changes to an indication that the battery is not safe for transporting by aircraft and the operator may discharge the battery using a load until it reaches a safe level.

Abstract: A battery cell voltage equalization circuit 1 equalizes the voltages of battery cells B1 and B2 that are connected in series. A switch S1 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell B1 via a first path, is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell B1 via a second path, and electrically connects or disconnects the first and second paths. A switch S2 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell B2 via the second path, is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell B2 via a third path, and electrically connects or disconnects the second and third paths. An inductor L is provided in the second path. Fuses h1 through h3 are provided in the first through third paths, respectively. The switches S1 and S2 are controlled to an ON state alternately.

Abstract: A system including a plurality of cells connected in series in a rechargeable battery pack and a plurality of cell balancing modules. Each cell balancing module performs voltage balancing of a respective pair of cells. Each cell balancing module includes a communication module to (i) transmit, via a communication link, information about voltages of the respective pair of cells to an adjacent cell balancing module and (ii) receive, via the communication link, from the adjacent cell balancing module, information about voltages of cells corresponding to the adjacent cell balancing module. Each cell balancing module performs, based on the information received from the adjacent cell balancing module, the voltage balancing in response to a voltage difference between any of the plurality of cells being greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold instead of performing the voltage balancing based on a difference between voltages of the respective pair of cells.

Abstract: A system that balances voltages between battery banks. The system includes battery banks, including a first bank and a second bank, and a first capacitor. The system also includes a first set of switching devices which selectively couple first and second terminals of the first capacitor to first and second terminals of the first bank, and to first and second terminals of the second bank. The system includes a clocking circuit which generates clock signals with substantially non-overlapping first and second clock phases. This clocking circuit is configured so that during the first phase the first and second terminals of the first capacitor are coupled to the first and second terminals of the first bank, respectively, and during the second phase the first and second terminals of the first capacitor are coupled to the first and second terminals of the second bank, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention is a control system for an assembled battery that controls an assembled battery comprising a plurality of cells, including: a bypass circuit connected in parallel to each cell of the cells, and comprising a switching element and a resistor connected in series; and a control circuit that controls a bypass current flowing in the bypass circuit by opening and closing the switching element, in order to discharge the cell; wherein the bypass circuit is set so that a current of a same magnitude as a self-discharge current in a predetermined overcharged states of the cell flow in the bypass circuit.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for balancing a storage battery for an automotive vehicle. The battery is of the type including a plurality of storage cells. The system includes a thermoelectric device and a controller. The thermoelectric device receives thermal energy and converts the thermal energy into electric energy. The controller determines a subset of the storage cells in the battery to be charged based on an amount of electric charge in each of the storage cells. Furthermore, the controller causes the electric energy to be distributed to each storage cell in the subset in an effort to balance the battery in the vehicle.

Abstract: Embodiments of an electronic circuit for monitoring a battery stack enable cell balancing while conserving pin-count of the circuit package. The illustrative electronic circuit comprises a battery monitoring integrated circuit configured for monitoring a plurality of cells in the battery stack. The battery monitoring integrated circuit is arranged to share a common node pin between two adjacent battery cells in the battery stack for the purpose of cell balancing.

Abstract: Rechargeable battery systems and rechargeable battery system operational methods are described. According to one aspect, a rechargeable battery system includes a plurality of rechargeable battery cells coupled between a plurality of terminals and shunting circuitry configured to shunt charging electrical energy around respective ones of the rechargeable battery cells during charging of the rechargeable battery cells from substantially discharged states of charge of the rechargeable battery cells to substantially charged states of charge of the rechargeable battery cells.

Abstract: A system for balancing a plurality of battery pack system modules connected in series may include in each battery pack system module a controller configured to detect that the first system module has reached a first state of charge; activate the first charge switch to physically disconnect and to prevent further charging of the first system module after detecting the first state of charge; discharge the plurality of cells after activating the first charge switch to balance the first system module with a second system module coupled to the first system module; de-activate the first charge switch after discharging the plurality of battery cells; and charge the plurality of cells after de-activating the first charge switch.

Abstract: Provided is an inter-module voltage balance correcting circuit of a power storage system including a plurality of storage modules connected in series, each of the storage modules including a plurality of storage cells connected in series. The inter-module voltage balance correcting circuit includes a resistance voltage dividing circuit (R1-R2) that equally divides a series voltage across a first storage module and a second storage module connected in series; and a pair of transistors that are turned ON/OFF complementarily based on a voltage (Vp1-Vp2) appearing between an intermediate connecting point (p2) between the storage modules M1, M2 in series and a voltage dividing point p1 of the resistance voltage dividing circuit, and a bypass discharge resistive element is selectively connected to modules by turning ON/OFF the complementary transistors.

Abstract: A secondary cell control system includes a plurality of cells; a charging circuit section and a discharging circuit section. The charging circuit section charges cells selected from among said plurality of cells, and the discharging circuit section discharges cells selected from among said plurality of cells.

Abstract: A plurality of battery cells (100) are connected in series to each other. A temperature measurement unit (300) measures temperatures of two or more battery cells (100). A battery control unit (400) controls charge and discharge of the battery cells (100) on the basis of the temperatures measured by the temperature measurement unit (300). In addition, when the charge of the battery cells (100) is performed or the discharge of the battery cells (100) is performed, the battery control unit (400) specifies a lowest temperature cell having the lowest temperature and a highest temperature cell having the highest temperature, on the basis of the temperatures measured by the temperature measurement unit (300). In addition, the battery control unit (400) continues the charge or discharge, as it is, when a first condition in which a temperature difference ?T between the highest temperature cell and the lowest temperature cell is equal to or greater than a reference value T1 is not satisfied.

Abstract: A multi-series battery control system comprises a plurality of unit battery cell of which unit consists of multiple battery cells connected in series; a plurality of control IC comprising a control circuit for controlling the unit battery cell; a main controller that sends and receives signal to/from the control ICs via an insulation; means for sending an abnormality signal, which represents the existence or the absence of abnormality of the control ICs or the battery cells, to the main controller from the control ICs, responding to the first signal outputted from the main controller via the insulation; and means for searching contents of the abnormality in the control ICs or the battery cells and sending the abnormality contents signal based on the search, to the main controller from the control ICs, responding to the second signal outputted from the main controller via the insulation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a charge/discharge control circuit and a battery device capable of detecting an intermediate terminal disconnection without causing the balance between battery voltages to collapse and shortening the service life of the battery device. A charge/discharge control circuit which controls charging/discharging of a plurality of secondary batteries connected in series is equipped with intermediate terminal disconnection detecting circuits each of which is provided between a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal of each secondary battery and detects an intermediate terminal disconnection of each intermediate terminal by intermittently equal detection currents.

Abstract: A balancer circuit for a cell in a rechargeable battery, having connecting terminals for connection of the balancer circuit to the cell. A first resistor is electrically connected to one of the connecting terminals and a voltage switch is arranged in series with the first resistor and electrically connected to the other one of the connecting terminals. The voltage switch, e.g., an adjustable voltage reference circuit, is operable to shunt a balancing current through the first resistor when a load voltage sensed over the connecting terminals is higher than a threshold voltage.

Abstract: A power cell system such as a fuel cell system, with apparatus for detecting a discontinuity. A power cell system, e.g. a fuel cell system, includes a plurality of power cells, e.g. fuel cells and plurality of first resistances, the plurality of power cells and first resistances being connected in the form of a ladder circuit, and electronic filters each having a first connection to a first node between two of the first resistances, each electronic filter having a second resistance and a charge storage device connected to the second resistance.

Abstract: An accumulator battery, comprising at least: first and second stages electrically connected in series, each stage including at least first to third accumulators electrically connected in parallel. There are at least first and second current limiters via which the first to third accumulators of said first stage are connected in parallel and via which the first to third accumulators of said second stage are connected in parallel.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and a method for diagnosing an abnormality in a cell balancing circuit. The apparatus may include a plurality of cell balancing circuits respectively connected to a plurality of battery cells included in a battery pack for balancing the voltages of the battery cells, a diagnosis resistor respectively installed between the cell balancing circuit and a cathode terminal and an anode terminal of the corresponding battery cell, a voltage measuring unit for measuring a voltage difference of the balancing circuit corresponding to each of the battery cells, and a control unit for turning on or off a cell balancing circuit to be diagnosed and for determining whether there is an abnormality in the cell balancing circuit to be diagnosed, based on a variation pattern of a voltage difference of a cell balancing circuit adjacent to the cell balancing circuit to be diagnosed that is measured by the voltage measuring unit.