Abstract: A rotation angle sensor includes a ring magnet that is provided around a rotating shaft, a magnetic field sensor that detects magnetic field strengths in radial and tangent directions of the rotating shaft, a rotation angle calculation section that calculates a rotation angle of the rotating shaft based on the magnetic field strengths detected by the magnetic field sensor, a correction value storage section that stores correction values preliminarily set for each magnetic pole or each pair of magnetic poles facing the magnetic field sensor, a facing magnetic pole detecting means that detects the magnetic pole or the pair of magnetic poles facing the magnetic field sensor, and a rotation angle correcting section that extracts correction values corresponding to the magnetic pole or the pair of magnetic poles detected, and corrects a rotation angle calculated in the rotation angle calculation section by using the extracted correction values.

Abstract: An active switching rectifier circuit uses a MOSFET and applies a current based control to turn the MOSFET on and off. The MOSFET has its source and drain connected between an AC phase line and the DC output. A current detection and control circuit has an input current conductor coupled in series with the source-drain current of the MOSFET; it outputs a switching control signal based on the current in its input conductor and applies the signal to the gate of the MOSFET for on/off control. A Hall-effect switch may be used in the current detection and control circuit. The rectifier may also include a voltage supply circuit coupled to the AC source for supplying a floating DC voltage to the current detection and control circuit. The rectifier circuit can be adapted for various configurations including single-phase half-wave, center-tap dual-phase full-wave, single-phase full-wave, and three-phase full-wave.

Abstract: An AD converter acquires first and second input values. A first multiplication unit multiplies a first tangent value, which is based on a first boundary angle based on a phase range of a reference value, by the reference value to calculate a first threshold value. A second multiplication unit multiplies a second tangent value, which is based on a second boundary angle based on the phase range, by the reference value to calculate a second threshold. A comparison unit determines whether the comparison value is within a particular phase range specified by the first and the second thresholds. The comparison unit determines magnitude of the comparison value when the comparison value is not within the particular phase range. A phase estimation unit updates the particular phase range to a phase range adjacent to a direction corresponding to the result of determination.

Abstract: An inductive security sensor system is not susceptible to magnetic tampering (such as by using an external magnet or false target). A sensor assembly includes an inductive sensor (inductor coil), mounted in a relatively secure location, and a conductive proximity target incorporated with an object (such as a window or door, or an object/asset). An alarm condition can be detected as either a displacement condition in which the proximity target is displaced relative to the inductive sensor, or a tamper condition in which magnetic coupling between the proximity target and the inductive sensor is interfered with (such as by introducing a false conductive target) An inductance-to-data converter drives the inductor coil with an excitation signal to project a time-varying magnetic field for magnetically coupling to the proximity target. The IDC acquires sensor measurements (such as coil inductance), which are converted into corresponding sensor data representing alarm conditions (displacement or tamper).

Abstract: Sensing systems can include magnetoresistive sensors suitable for both angle and field strength sensing. The system can include one or more magnetoresistive sensors that can sense one or more aspects or characteristics of a magnetic field. The system can include a first magnetoresistive sensor that is configured to sense the magnetic field angle or rotation and a second sensor configured to sense the strength or magnitude of the magnetic field. The system can determine an operation state of the system based on the sensed characteristic(s) of the magnetic field. For example, if the system determines that the sensed magnetic field strength is below a threshold value, the system can determine that it may be operating in an error state. In this example, the system can generate an alarm signal based on the determined error state.

Abstract: An inductive sensor device includes a scale unit (24) containing field elements (26) that cooperate with a transmit circuit (32) to create a field pattern (S(x)) in measuring direction (M). A sensor unit (25) contains at least one receive circuit (34) with at least one receive coil (35), respectively. The sensor unit (25) and the scale unit (24) can move relatively in measuring direction (M). The coil loops (37) of the at least one receive coil (35) and/or the scale loops (28) of the scale elements (26) are separated into a loop front (56) and a loop back (57), each containing a sectional portion that runs alternately with regard to the height direction. The alternating run can be obtained by combining linear and/or curved portions so that a meandering, zigzag, sinusoidal, or another arbitrary alternating run can be obtained.

Abstract: A magnetic field sensor apparatus is provided for measuring one magnetic field vector component He. The apparatus includes at least one anisotropic magneto-resistive resistor device (AMR resistor device) on a chip substrate, where the resistor device includes a plurality of magneto-resistive AMR resistor elements which are connected in series by electrically conductive strips. At least one permanent-magnetic magnetization element with a magnetization axis is assigned to each resistor element in such a way that the resistor element is passed through by an initial magnetization field H0 of the magnetization element in the direction of the magnetization axis. A measurement current IS flowing through the resistor element from a contact region between a first conductive strip and the resistor element to a contact region between the resistor element and a second conductive strip has a mean current direction axis at a predefined linearization angle ?>0° and ?<90° relative to the magnetization axis.

Abstract: A sensing system and method for correcting an input waveform from a coded wheel. The coded wheel is configured to generate a signal that varies with rotation of the coded wheel relative to a sensor. The sensor is configured to sense the varying signal and output a corresponding input waveform. A correction module is configured to receive the input waveform and compare the input waveform to at least one stored waveform and to correct the input waveform if a defect is detected in the coded wheel in response to the comparison.

Abstract: A magnetic field sensor includes a back bias magnet to generate a DC magnetic field. First and second magnetic field sensing elements of the magnetic field sensor are disposed proximate to at least one ferromagnetic surface of a ferromagnetic target object. The first and second magnetic field sensing elements generate first and second electronic signals, respectively, in response to first and second sensed magnetic fields corresponding to the DC magnetic field but influenced by the at least one ferromagnetic surface. The magnetic field sensor generates a difference signal that is a difference of amplitudes of the first and second electronic signals. The difference signal is indicative of a rotation measurement of an absolute relative rotation of the ferromagnetic target object and the magnetic field sensor about a rotation axis.

Abstract: A dispenser assembly for web materials includes an enclosure that is configured to support a roll of material and a feed mechanism configured to dispense the material from the assembly. A capacitive sensor is connected to the feed mechanism and configured to allow touch-less operation of the dispenser. Operation of the sensor is adjustable so that the assembly can achieve a desired operation in environments having different capacitive backgrounds.

Abstract: A magnetic detection device has: a magnetic moving body which rotates about a rotating shaft and in which N-poles and S-poles are disposed alternately on an outer periphery thereof; magnetoresistive elements that are disposed at a spacing from the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic moving body; a signal processing unit that processes signals from the magnetoresistive elements; and a magnet that applies a bias magnetic field to the magnetoresistive elements. The magnetization direction of the magnet is parallel to the rotating shaft of the magnetic moving body. The magnetoresistive elements are disposed in a plane perpendicular to the magnetization direction of the magnet, and are disposed at a fixed spacing in the radial direction of the magnetic moving body.

Abstract: An inductive sensor for measuring the position of a shaft of a vehicle in a first direction (X) and a second direction (Y), from a target mounted on the shaft. The sensor (20) includes a printed circuit board (21) including at least one first receiving coil (23), at least one second receiving coil (24) and at least one transmitting coil (22) surrounding the first receiving coil and the second receiving coil. The first receiving coil and the second receiving coil each include a plurality of N portions (23A, 23B, 23C, 24A, 24B, 24C) that are electrically connected to one another and are disposed side by side on the printed circuit in the second direction, each portion extending on the printed circuit in the first direction in such a way as to determine the position of the target both in the first direction and in the second direction.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for a magnetic field sensor including a die, a coil proximate the die to generate a magnetic field, and a magnetic field sensing element having to detect changes in the magnetic field generated by the coil in response to a ferromagnetic target.

Abstract: To provide a magnetic sensor which is reduced in power consumption without reducing magnetism detection sensitivity of a magnetoelectric transducing element. One end of a magnetoelectric transducing element is connected to an output electrode of a constant current circuit, and the other end thereof is connected to a power supply electrode on the positive side of one or plural signal processing circuits, and the like built in a magnetic sensor, whereby a connection relation of the magnetoelectric transducing element and the signal processing circuit is configured such that they are connected in series with a voltage source.

Abstract: A sensor for sensing a parameter includes a capacitor, a switch and a comparator. The capacitor is configured to be charged or discharged by at least one of a first current signal or a second current signal. The switch is configured to selectively connect or disconnect the first current signal and the capacitor in response to a feedback signal. The comparator is coupled with the capacitor and configured to output an output voltage based on a comparison of a capacitor voltage of the capacitor to a reference voltage. The first current signal is independent of the parameter, and the second current signal is dependent on the parameter. The output voltage defines the feedback signal and is indicative of a value of the parameter detected by the sensor.

Abstract: A programmable barrier alarm includes a sensor, such as a magnetic field detector, for sensing a magnetic field produced by the magnet and for producing an electronic signal associated with the magnetic field, a processor, and, a memory for storing an alarm threshold value and processor-executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the sensor to, in a calibration mode of operation, calculate the alarm threshold value based on a first magnetic field sensed by the magnetic field detector when the barrier is in the closed position, and in a normal mode of operation, compare the electronic signal from the magnetic field detector to the alarm threshold value, and generate an alarm signal if the electronic signal falls below the alarm threshold value.

Abstract: A torque sensor unit includes two magnetic angle sensors capable of detecting absolute rotation angles of a shaft member which indicate a twist angle of the shaft member when the shaft member is twisted. The shaft member has two end portions exposed to outside so that the shaft member can be connected at the two end portions to shaft-forming parts of a device.

Abstract: Provided are an electromagnetic-induction-type position detector which can be small sized and in which interference errors do not occur, and a detection method. The present invention has: a stator having first and second main patterns and first and second sub-patterns; and a rotor having a main pattern part and a sub-pattern part, in which adjacent comb-shaped electrodes of the main pattern part and the sub-pattern part are connected to form a single loop; and when an excitation electric current is supplied to the first and second main patterns, an excitation voltage excited in the main pattern part is detected in the first and second sub-patterns via the sub-pattern part, and when an excitation electric current is supplied to the first and second sub-patterns, the excitation voltage excited in the sub-pattern part is detected in the first and second main patterns via the main pattern part.

Abstract: Provided is a magnetic rotation-angle detector that includes a disk-shaped magnet that is magnetized so as to change magnetic poles n times per rotation (where n is an integer equal to or larger than 1); a magnetic-body slit plate that is rotated together with the magnet, where a part having a high magnetic flux permeability and a part having a low magnetic flux permeability are alternately and repeatedly arranged thereon so as to change the magnetic flux permeability m times per rotation (where m is an integer equal to or larger than 2 and m>n); a magnetic sensor that detects magnetism from the magnet when the magnet has passed by through the magnetic-body slit plate; and a calculation unit that obtains the rotation angle of the magnet from the output from the magnetic sensor.

Abstract: A magnetic field sensor system has a plurality of magnetic field sensor elements, which each are configured to provide an individual sensor value, and of which a first portion is arranged in a first contiguous area and a second portion is arranged in a second contiguous area, and a coil wire arrangement with a first coil portion and at least a second coil portion being connected to the first coil portion, wherein the first coil portion is arranged close to the sensor elements of the first area and the second coil portion is arranged close to the sensor elements of the second area such that, if a predetermined current is applied to the coil wire arrangement, a first magnetic field component is generated at the first area and a second magnetic field component is generated at the second area being opposite to the first magnetic field component.

Abstract: An inductive sensor (100) for a motor vehicle, includes: a field coil (101) designed to form an electromagnetic field, a coil (103) for measuring a magnetic field and designed to provide an output signal representative of the position of a metal target (102) in the magnetic field formed by the field coil (101), and at least two electric circuits (111) connected simultaneously in parallel to the terminals of the field coil (101), each electric circuit (111) including an inverter element (112) and a capacitive element (113), and forming, together with the field coil (101) an electric oscillator (110) designed to form an AC voltage at the terminals of the field coil (10) via electric resonance, the electric oscillators (110) being of the same resonance frequency.

Abstract: A magnetic field sensor includes a plurality of magnetic field sensing elements, wherein the plurality of magnetic field sensing elements is configured to generate a plurality of magnetic field signals, each magnetic field sisal responsive to a magnetic field. The magnetic field sensor additionally includes a sequence switches circuit coupled to the plurality of magnetic field sensing elements. The sequence switches circuit is configured to sequentially select from among the plurality of magnetic field signals to generate a sequenced output signal representative of sequentially selected ones of the plurality of magnetic field signals. The magnetic field sensor also includes a variable potentiometer coupled to the sequence switches circuit. The magnetic field sensor additionally includes a gain circuit coupled to receive a signal representative of the offset attenuated sequenced output signal. A corresponding method is also provided.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a TMR field sensor utilizes existing one or more self-test current lines in a configuration to extend magnetic field measurement range without sacrificing measurement sensitivity. The self-test current lines are energized to facilitate magnetic field measurement when the measured magnetic field reaches a threshold. The magnetic field created by self-test coil opposes an external magnetic field being measured to keep the net magnetic field within a desired range where the magnetic field sensor has linear output and desired sensitivity.

Abstract: A magnetic angle sensor may include a first bridge circuit. The first bridge circuit may include a first half-bridge to generate a first signal indicative of a first angular component of a direction of a magnetic field. The first bridge circuit may include a second half-bridge to generate a second signal indicative of a second angular component of the direction of the magnetic field. The second angular component may be linearly independent from the first angular component.

Abstract: A speed sensor (1) including a first magnetic sensor (3) with a first magnetic detector (30), which is connected to an electronic circuit for conversion of its output analog signal to a first digital signal and a second magnetic sensor (4) with a second magnetic detector (40), which is also connected to an electronic circuit for conversion of its output analog signal to a second digital signal.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an adjusting circuit and a display device, which are capable of limiting a fluctuation of an output voltage (Vcom) in the within a small range, weakening a flicker phenomenon and enhancing a display quality of a liquid crystal display.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods for measuring multi-turn position of a shaft with high resolution and in a non-contact manner. In some embodiments, a multi-turn sensing apparatus can include a rotation counter configured to determine a number of turns made by a shaft, and an angular position sensor configured to measure an angular position of the shaft within a given turn. The number of turns can be determined with an M-bit resolution, and the angular position per turn can be measured with an N-bit resolution. Selected appropriately, the rotation counter can be configured to operate as a relatively low resolution; and yet the multi-turn sensing apparatus can maintain the N-bit per-turn angular resolution throughout the full range. Accordingly, the multi-turn sensing apparatus can have an effective resolution of M+N bits.

Abstract: The present invention provides a magnetic field measuring device comprising first to fourth magnetoelectric transducers, magnetic convergence plates, and a calculation unit that calculates the strength of a magnetic field applied in a horizontal direction and/or a vertical direction with respect to a magneto-sensing surface of the magnetoelectric transducers, wherein the magnetic convergence plates are placed in the vicinity of the first to fourth magnetoelectric transducers so as to convert magnetic field vectors, and the calculation unit includes a first calculation block that adds or subtracts output from the first to fourth magnetoelectric transducers, and outputs a calculation result.

Abstract: A position detector includes a magnet disposed between first ends of first and second magnetic flux transmission parts and a magnet disposed between second ends of the first and second magnetic flux transmission parts. The position detector also includes a Hall IC that moves within a gap and relative to a rotating body. The Hall IC detects a density of the magnetic flux from the first and second magnetic flux transmission parts and outputs a signal according to the density of the magnetic flux passing therethrough in order to detect a position of a detection object. The position detector has third and fourth magnetic flux transmission parts disposed at ends of the first and second magnetic flux transmission parts in a non-contacting manner. As a result, the position detection accuracy of the position detector is improved.

Abstract: A magnetic field sensing module including a plurality of magnetic flux concentrators and a plurality of sensing elements is provided. Each of the magnetic flux concentrators extends along a first extension direction, and the magnetic flux concentrators are arranged along a second direction. The sensing elements are respectively disposed at a position corresponding to a position between the magnetic flux concentrators and positions corresponding to two sides of the magnetic flux concentrators arranged along the second direction. Sensing directions of the sensing elements are substantially the same. A measurement method and a manufacturing method of a magnetic field sensing module are also provided.

Abstract: An angle detector includes an intersection phase detector to compare each pair of multiple sensor signals or multiple sensor processed signals generate and output each intersection phase detection signal indicating a phase at which the signal level difference of the each pair is a first maximum hysteresis error after signal levels of signals of the each pair match, an intersection level detector to detect each intersection level and generate and output multiple intersection level signals indicating the detected intersection level, a signal selector to single out a selection signal of the either of the multiple sensor signals or the multiple sensor processed signals; a phase detector to detect that a signal level of the selection signal selected by the signal selector has reached a threshold level and a threshold level adjuster to adjust the threshold level based on the intersection level signal and the first maximum hysteresis error.

Abstract: A rotating field sensor includes four detection circuits and a computing unit. In the computing unit, defined are four first detection circuit groups each consisting of three detection circuits. Further, defined in each first detection circuit group are three second detection circuit groups each consisting of two detection circuits. The computing unit calculates an angle value for each of all the second detection circuit groups on the basis of the output signals of the two detection circuits, extracts one or more normal first detection circuit groups each of which is such one that all three angle values corresponding to the three second detection circuit groups fall within an angle range of a predetermined breadth, and determines an angle detection value on the basis of at least one of all angle values corresponding to all second detection circuit groups belonging to the one or more normal first detection circuit groups.

Abstract: A rotation angle detection device includes a magnetic field generation section, a yoke, and a magnetism detection section. The magnetic field generation section has a first end portion and a second end portion. The yoke has such a tube shape that the magnetic field generation section and a rotation axis of a rotating body are located therein. The yoke has a gap at a part in a circumferential direction in a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis. The magnetism detection section is disposed in the gap and outputs an electrical signal in accordance with a magnetic field strength in the gap. The magnetic field generation section is disposed in such a manner that a magnetic force line passing through the magnetic field generation section passes through the rotation axis regardless of the rotation angle of the rotating body and the rotation axis passes through the first end portion.

Abstract: A transconductor converts voltage on an inductive sensor to a proportional current using two “coupling” capacitors. Responsive to movement of an electrically conductive target from the null position a resonant current is formed between the two sensor coils. A single differential transistor pair switched by periodic drive signals commutes the net alternating current at the single input to direct current.

Abstract: An analogue probe for a machine tool apparatus, which includes a probe body, a stylus member movably secured to the probe body and a sensor that measures the extent of displacement of the stylus member relative to the probe body, in which the sensor is contained within a chamber in the probe body. The analogue probe further includes a vent between the chamber and the outside of the probe body, configured such that, when the vent is open, the pressure within the chamber can equalize with the analogue probe's operating environment's pressure, and is further configured such that the vent's opening to the outside of the probe body can be closed so as to seal the chamber and the sensor from external contaminants during operation of the analogue probe.

Abstract: A distortion of a signal of a magnetic position detection device is reduced so that precise position information at a high degree of accuracy can be obtained. The magnetic position detection device 100 includes a magnetic movable body 10, a bridge circuit 20, a correction circuit 30, and a detection circuit 40. The magnetic movable body 10 is magnetized so that N-poles and S-poles alternately appear and has a region in which distances between the N-poles and the S-poles are constant. The bridge circuit 20 is formed of first, second, third, and fourth field detection portions 2R1, 2R2, 2R3, and 2R4. The correction circuit 30 is formed of fifth and sixth field detection portions 2R5 and 2R6. The detection circuit 40 detects a position of the magnetic movable body 10 on the basis of a differential output Vout of the bridge circuit.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display is disclosed. The liquid crystal display includes a power module, which senses an input voltage and outputs a mode conversion signal when the input voltage is equal to or less than a reference voltage, and a timing controller which changes a driving mode of a source driver integrated circuit (IC) in response to receiving the mode conversion signal from the power module.

Abstract: Position sensors to inductively sense a position of a target relative to a number of sensor coils are described. In one embodiment, the target comprises first, second, and third portions positioned on either side of an axis of rotation, such that lateral misalignment between the target and the sensors is compensated between the interaction of the different portions and the sensor coils. In another embodiment, the target comprises first and second portions that are separated along the measurement path such that in a first range of relative positions, the first portion is adjacent to the sensor coils and in a second range of relative positions, the second portion is adjacent to the sensor coils. The first and second portions are asymmetrically arranged relative to the sensor coils such that when each portion is adjacent the same portion of the sensor coils, different signals are induced in the sensor coils.

Abstract: A torque index sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a rotor rotating with the first shaft which is one of an input shaft and an output shaft having a first magnet on an outer circumferential surface thereof, a stator disposed on an outer side of the first magnet and rotating with the second shaft which is the other of the input shaft and the output shaft, a shield disposed on a lower side of the stator and rotating with the second shaft and a second magnet combined with a lower side of the shield and rotating with the second shaft. The torque index sensor shields magnetic field interference and improves operational reliability.

Abstract: A motorized vehicle is disclosed including a deck to support a rider, at least two wheels coupled to the deck, a footpad rotatably coupled to the deck, and a drive motor coupled to one of the wheels and the footpad. The drive motor is configured to rotate one of the wheels when the footpad is in an engaged position. An actively stabilized motorized vehicle is also disclosed including a deck, a pair of in-line wheels coupled to the deck, a steering motor to adjust a steering angle of one of the wheels, a series of sensors to measure dynamic conditions of the motorized vehicle, a microprocessor to calculate, based on the dynamic conditions, a stabilizing steering angle acceleration of one of the wheels, and a controller to send a signal to the steering motor to steer the second wheel with the stabilizing steering angle acceleration to stabilize the vehicle.

Abstract: A system including an encoder, multiple sensing elements and control logic. The encoder has a pole pitch and is configured to rotate in a direction of rotation. The multiple sensing elements are situated along the direction of rotation and span at least half the length of the pole pitch. The control logic is configured to receive signals from the multiple sensing elements based on the encoder in a static position and obtain a switching point based on the signals.

Abstract: A micromagnetometry system for detecting the presence of very small quantities of magnetic particles comprises a first magnetic hybrid AMR/PHR multiring sensor using a Wheastone bridge electrical configuration, a first current source, a first voltage measurement device, a set of at least one magnetic particles deposited on the first magnetic sensor and a processing unit for detecting from a set of different measured differential voltages a magnetic flux shift representative of the presence of a least one deposited magnetic particle. The micromagnetometry system comprises means for creating a magnetic excitation field HAC to make produce by each motionless magnetic particle a stray magnetic field oscillating along the time at a constant frequency ? ranging from 10 Hz to 3 KHz.

Abstract: A method of determining a position on a magnetic track of an encoder includes providing a group of magnetic pole pairs that forms a portion of the magnetic track, recording a relative position within a first magnetic pole pair in the group using a first magnetic sensor proximate a high-resolution portion of the magnetic track, detecting adjacent pole junctions within the group of magnetic pole pairs with a second magnetic sensor positioned proximate a reference portion of the magnetic track, correlating the adjacent pole junctions with the first magnetic pole pair to determine a relative position of the first magnetic pole pair within the group, and calculating a local absolute position within the group using the relative position within the first magnetic pole pair and the relative position of the first magnetic pole pair within the group.

Abstract: This method of compensation in the measurement of a magnetic field comprises: the determining of a position and of a magnetic moment of an image of the source situated on the other side of the magnetic disturber using one or more measurements of the emitted magnetic field, performed by at least one magnetic sensor whose position and orientation relatively to the source are known, and the subtraction of the magnetic field emitted by this image from the measurement of the magnetic field made by the sensor in the presence of the magnetic disturber to obtain compensation in this measurement.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for generating a sensor signal, the profile thereof depending on the position of a magnetic field-generating element relative to the device, with at least two magnetically sensitive sensors disposed along a measurement path, wherein a support field device, which generates a magnetic support field in the magnetically sensitive sensors, has at least in the magnetically sensitive sensors an essentially identical direction and an essentially homogeneous field strength.

Abstract: An absolute position encoder scale is provided having scale elements (e.g., plates and plate abatement features such as recesses) which alternate along the scale pattern. At least one of the scale elements has a characteristic (e.g., a recess depth) that is varied along the scale pattern to provide a different respective eddy current response. A signal portion of a read head is responsive to the respective eddy currents to output absolute position signals. For the plate abatement features, the characteristic that may be varied may be a recess depth, an amount of a non-conductive area, an amount of a recessed area, etc. As a varying depth example, the scale may be formed from a bulk material (e.g., aluminum) in which progressively deeper recessed depths are cut along the scale. For plate features, the characteristic that may be varied may include a plate height, an amount of a plate area, etc.

Abstract: A magneto-resistive sensor for measuring a magnetic field based on an anisotropic magneto-resistive (AMR) effect or a gigantic magneto-resistive (GMR) effect comprises a substrate and a plurality of resistors that include first magneto-resistive layer strips arranged in form of a bridge circuit on the substrate. The plurality of resistors have a resistance value that depends on a magnetic field strength. At least one second layer strip is connected in series with the first magneto-resistive layer strips of at least one of the plurality of resistors. The first magneto-resistive layer strips have a resistance that depends on temperature according to a first positive temperature coefficient; and the at least one second layer strip has a resistance that depends on temperature according to a second temperature coefficient different from the first temperature coefficient, the second temperature coefficient being non-negative.

Abstract: A viscoelastic body is interposed between a vibrating membrane vibrating in association with a piezoelectric vibrator composed of a piezoelectric element and a base and a support member supporting the vibrating membrane. The viscoelastic body attenuates vibration transmitted from the support member to the vibrating membrane and converts vibration of the vibrating membrane in the surface direction parallel to its main surfaces to vibration of the vibrating membrane in the direction nearly perpendicular to the surface direction. The vibrating membrane is annular with an opening at the center, and the base is joined to the vibrating membrane coaxially with opening.

Abstract: Systems and methods described herein use near field communications to locate a set of antennas attached to, coupled with, or near the patient. A signal emitted by an antenna in the set of antennas can be received by the other antennas in the set. A second signal can be further transmitted from another antenna in the set. The differential phase and/or time shifts between the antennas from the multiple signal transmissions can contain sufficient information to find the locations of the antennas in antenna centric coordinates. The antenna locations can then be used to find a location of a pill transmitter swallowed by the patient.

Abstract: A measuring device for detecting a metal object includes two emission coils configured to produce superimposed magnetic fields, a receiving coil in the region of both magnetic fields, and a control device configured to control the emission coils such that a value of a voltage, which is clock synchronized with alternating voltages and which is induced in the emission coils, is minimized. The control device is configured to detect the metal object when a ratio of the alternating voltages does not correspond to a ratio of distances between the receiving coils and the emission coils.