Abstract: An improved voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) is provided whereby the control voltage is utilized for modulation compensation by a modulation compensation network (90). The modulating signal is variably coupled into the voltage controlled oscillator (70) to compensate for the variation in the VCO's gain factor to yield a constant modulation level over a frequency band.

Abstract: An arrangement for compensating errors occurent in a quadrature modulator. Two quadrature signals (cos a(t), sin a(t)) in the baseband are generated, each of which signals is delivered to a respective branch in the modulator two high frequency signals (cos wt, sin wt) with a mutual phase difference of 90 degrees are generated and mixed with the quadrature signals (cos a(t), sin a(t)) and an adder (5) produces the sum of the output signals of the mixers (3, 4). Amplitude errors and phase errors are compensated with the aid of a separate compensating network (11, 12, 14, 16, 17, 19, 21) which is incorporated in the low frequency part of the modulator and which includes adjustable signal generator (14, 16). Local oscillator leakage is compensated with the aid of a second compensating network (13, 15, 18, 20) which is also incorporated in the low frequency part of the modulator and which also includes an adjustable signal generator (15, 18).

Abstract: A frequency or phase modulator, in particular a DC-coupled frequency modulation synthesizer, comprises a voltage-controlled oscillator (1) in series with a divider (2) in a phase-locked loop, and an analog-to-digital converter (17) connected to control the divider in accordance with an input analog modulation signal. The converter (17), preferably a one-bit charge-balanced converter, has a noise-shaped frequency response to reduce noise at frequencies below the loop-bandwidth.