Abstract: Disclosed is a drying nozzle for realizing a high-efficiency drying device capable of drying an object to be processed to a sufficient degree. The drying nozzle includes a drying gas supply portion having an air supply tube for supplying air for drying a substrate whose surface is wet with a liquid by being sprayed against the surface of the substrate, and a gas/liquid mixture discharge portion which is spaced apart from the surface of the substrate by a predetermined distance to thereby make the thickness of the liquid adhering to the surface of the substrate prior to the drying constant and which has a porous material having a large number of through-holes for discharging the air/liquid mixture consisting of air and the liquid,from the surface of the substrate, the drying gas supply portion and the gas/liquid mixture discharge portion being arranged along the surface of the object so as to be adjacent to each other.

Abstract: A steam box in a paper machine, the steam box including a main steam zone and at least one side steam zone through which steam is blown to a paper web. The side steam zone is placed in a side section of the steam box and arranged to form a curtain in order to prevent air from entering between the steam box and the paper web from outside the steam box and/or to prevent steam from exiting between the steam box and the paper web. Steam is supplied to the side steam zone from a steam chamber through a side steam zone valve arranged inside the steam box.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing paper or board, according to which the paper or board web is transferred continuously supported through a drying section of a paper or cardboard machine and both sides of the web are treated with a treating agent on a long nip applicator included with the drying section of the machine. The web is transferred from the last press nip of the press section to the first dryer of the dryer section with a continuous loop-like support member, for example, by a transfer belt, transfer felt or one of the press felts of the press section. The web is advantageously dried in the drying section with a blow unit on a porous drying felt by blowing hot air on the web with impingement dryers, and the drying felt may be cooled.

Abstract: A substrate treating apparatus including a substrate support mechanism for supporting a substrate 1 to be treated, a rotary impeller 4 placed to face the surface of the substrate 1 supported by the substrate support mechanism, and at least one nozzle 14 provided in an approximately central portion of the rotary impeller 4, wherein rotating the rotary impeller 4 produces a flow of gas passing through the nozzle 14 and flowing from the central portion of the rotary impeller 4 toward the outer periphery thereof, thereby drying the surface of the substrate supported in a stationary state by the substrate support mechanism.

Abstract: A process and device for increasing the gloss and/or smoothness of a web of material are described, whereby a web of material (5) is passed through a roller gap where it is exposed to pressure. A steam dispensing device (7) is provided upstream of the roller gap relative to the direction of travel (9) of the web of material (5). The increase in gloss and/or smoothness is to be accomplished without consuming much energy. To do so, the steam is condensed on the web of material and the web of material (5) is guided through the roller gap before the increase in moisture content of the surface due to the steam treatment has dropped below a predetermined value.

Abstract: An apparatus for extracting plasticizer from polymer structures includes, in one embodiment, a evacuation chamber, a heat source and a cooling chamber are all coupled to a conduit having a motorized fan for cycling gases through the components. The plasticizer is evaporated within the evacuation chamber by the heat source and entrained in a gaseous stream passing through the evacuation chamber. The plasticizer enriched gases are then passed through the cooling chamber wherein the plasticizer is condensed prior to being cycled back to the evacuation chamber. A gas heater aid in maintaining a constant gas flow temperature within the evacuation chamber.

Abstract: An air knife mouth arrangement for use in an air knife assembly having a laterally extending mouth through which pressurized fluid passes to operate on a coating applied to a surface of a sheet material passing the mouth in a longitudinal direction to control the thickness of the coating. In the preferred form of the invention shown the air knife mouth arrangement comprises a mouth defined by a pair of facing lips, each lip having in front elevation a curved shape along its length. The curved shapes of the two lips face each other. The lips of the air knife mouth arrangement are selectively laterally displaceable relative to each other by a moving means so as to thereby vary the separation of the lips and hence the width of the mouth along the length of the mouth.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for steam-treating yarn, films, fibers, fiber tow and other polymeric articles is described. The apparatus includes a first orifice for generating minimum pressure areas and a second orifice to provide a sonic shock region operative to isolate the pressure in one chamber from the pressure in another chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus and related method for forming a double face paperboard web are disclosed. The apparatus of the present invention includes a heating section upstream from a drawing section. The heating section includes at least one heating plate having an upper surface facing a paperboard web and heated by a plurality of primary channels supplied with steam. A plurality of secondary channels extend through the heating plate intermediate the primary channels and a lower surface of the plate. A plurality of outlet ports communicate with each secondary channel and the upper surface of the heating plate. Steam supplied to the secondary channels exits through the outlet ports thereby producing a steam film between the upper surface of the heating plate and the lower surface of the paperboard web. The steam film substantially reduces frictional forces opposing movement of the web while also dramatically increasing the heat transfer to the paperboard web and accelerating the gelatinization of the glue therein.

Abstract: A blowbox for use in a plant for drying a material web includes an essentially horizontal box wall having formed therein circular orifices and eyelid perforations each of which includes a slit extending in parallel with the center line of the upper box wall. A depression is formed m the upper box wall adjacent one side of the slit. The eyelid perforations are arranged in two rows and parallel with the center line and together they form a zigzag pattern about the center line that intersects the depressions of the eyelid perforations in both rows. The orifices are disposed in a first and second pair of rows with both rows in each pair positioned on either side of and spaced equally from the center line. The upper box wall has a shallow continuous arcuate shape across its entire width.

Abstract: An article for cooling an imaging material which has been heated to a first temperature by a thermal processor. The article includes a first cooling section on which the imaging material rides after the imaging material exits the thermal processor. The first cooling section is at a lower temperature than the first temperature. The first cooling section has a curved shape such that the imaging material is curved when riding on and being cooled by the first cooling section.

Abstract: A method and device for enhancing the run of a web in a paper machine in which water is removed from the web by pressing the web in at least one press nip and after pressing, the web is dried in at least one dryer group applying impingement drying. The web is guided along a substantially linear path or by using a large curve radius in the dryer group applying impingement drying. In the drying stage, after the impingement drying, the web is dried in at least one dryer group having normal single-wire draw. The web is passed from the pressing stage to the drying stage as a closed draw and more particularly, from the pressing stage to the area with single-wire draw in the drying stage so that the web is constantly supported against at least one support face.

Abstract: A heat transfer method in a glass bending furnace, which has a top array of of successive heating sections (2) and under it a bottom array of successive cooling sections (3), and in which method glass sheets are conveyed on bending molds in mold carrying wagons on the top conveyor track from one heating section (2) to the next and on the bottom conveyor track from one section (3) to the next and the air heated by the bent hot glasses is sucked from cooling section (3) and blasted to the non-bent colder glasses in the heating sections (2). In order to intensify heat transfer, air sucked from the cooling section (3) is blasted as such, against the travel direction of the mold carrying wagons through the heating sections (2) to non-bent colder glass sheets in one of the heating sections (2) preceding the heating section (2) directly above the cooling section (3) from which the heated air is drawn as viewed in a direction of travel of the mold carrying wagons through the heating sections (2).

Abstract: A method and device for enhancing the run of a web in a paper machine in which water is removed from the web by pressing the web in at least one press nip and after pressing, the web is dried in at least one dryer group applying impingement drying. The web is guided along a substantially linear path or by using a large curve radius in the dryer group applying impingement drying. In the drying stage, after the impingement drying, the web is dried in at least one dryer group having normal single-wire draw. The web is passed from the pressing stage to the drying stage as a closed draw and more particularly, from the pressing stage to the area with single-wire draw in the drying stage so that the web is constantly supported against at least one support face.

Abstract: Air flotation dryer for floatingly drying travelling webs. The dryer includes a housing having a web inlet and a web outlet spaced from the web inlet, and a plurality of elongated air nozzles arranged transversely to the direction of movement of the web and preferably located on opposite sides of the web, the nozzles being secured directly to, supported by and in air-receiving communication with longitudinally extending supply air ducts. An air supply fan is in communication with the supply air ducts to supply air to the nozzles. Heat is provided to the apparatus with a draw-through style burner, which fires into the dryer enclosure and the proper amount of air flow to be heated by the burner (e.g.

Abstract: An automated stencil dryer includes a holder mechanism for holding a stencil, a discharge mechanism for discharging air against a stencil positioned in the holder, and a driver mechanism operatively coupled to the discharge mechanism for automatically moving the discharge mechanism so that compressed air can be discharged fully across the surface of the stencil. In one embodiment, the discharge mechanism includes a pair of air knives disposed parallel to one another on opposite sides of the holder so that the stencil is between the air knives when the stencil is positioned in the holder. The air knives are oriented inward toward the stencil when the stencil is positioned in the holder so that air discharged from the air knives is directed against the stencil. In another embodiment, the discharge mechanism includes a pair of air distribution pipes disposed parallel to one another on opposite sides of the holder so that the stencil is between the distribution pipes when the stencil is positioned in the holder.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) assisted flotation air bar dryer apparatus and method for drying and/or curing a traveling web includes RF generating means for delivering RF through field and RF stray field to the web to heat the web, air bars to direct air flow to the web for cooling to facilitate emission of moisture therefrom and to avoid blistering due to overheating, an RF field reflector to reflect RF energy to the web, and a control system to monitor and to control air temperature and/or flow, RF field strength, and/or web temperature to maintain a balance between heating and cooling to obtain efficient high speed drying while avoid damage to the web.

Abstract: Residual moisture is removed from an article by placing the article in a chamber, supplying heated fresh air to the chamber via one or more air knives, and evacuating the chamber to remove the residual moisture. The air knives entrain ambient air from within the chamber by Coanda effect air flow, thereby circulating a mixture of fresh air and ambient air about the article. The supply of air to the chamber is interrupted while the chamber is being evacuated to reduce the air pressure within the chamber to on kPa to vaporize residual moisture in the article.

Abstract: A system for applying heat to wet coatings applied to selected areas on a front surface of a continuous substrate includes an energy emitter for applying energy to the substrate to heat the substrate, a metallic roll contacting a back surface of the substrate opposite the front surface being heated, a mechanism for advancing the continuous substrate over and around the metallic roll and a contact member having a surface engaging the surface of the substrate. The metallic roll conducts heat away from non-selected areas on the substrate while the substrate is heated to prevent overheating of the non-selected areas. The contact member engages a surface of the substrate so that the substrate is in contact with greater than 180.degree. of the metallic roll.

Abstract: Apparatus and process for the non-contact drying of a web of material. The apparatus includes air flotation nozzles for floating the web, and direct air impingement nozzles for enhanced drying of the web. A plurality of air flotation nozzles or air bars are mounted in one or more sections of a dryer enclosure in air-receiving communication with headers, preferably both above and below the web for the contactless convection drying of the web. In conjunction with these air flotation nozzles, one or more sections of the dryer also includes direct impingement nozzles such as hole-array bars or slot bars. The drying surface of the web is thus heated by both air issuing from the air flotation nozzles and from the direct impingement nozzles. As a result, the dryer has a high rate of drying in a small, enclosed space while maintaining a comfortable working environment.

Abstract: A heat treatment apparatus for yarn including a plurality of heat treatment apparatuses provided for a plurality of spindles, respectively, disposed at horizontally spaced intervals. The heat treatment apparatus provided for each of the spindles, includes a heat treatment tube through which at least one yarn passes, and a heat insulating jacket to surround the tube. An orifice having a throttling function is provided upstream of a part which provides communication between the heat insulating jacket and the heat treatment tube, while a nozzle for injecting a heated fluid is provided in the heat treatment tube downstream of the communication part. The throttling orifice is arranged to have a fluid resistance greater than the fluid resistance of the nozzle.

Abstract: An apparatus for the processing of photographic sheet material having upstream and downstream drying chambers (101, 102). A heater (106) heats air entering the downstream chamber (102) to a downstream drying temperature. A fan (108) recirculates drying air from the downstream chamber (102) through the heater (106) while taking in fresh air through an inlet (116). A heater (110) heats air entering the upstream chamber (101) to a temperature higher than the downstream drying temperature. A fan (112) recirculates air from the upstream chamber (101) through the heater (110) while taking in air from the downstream chamber (102). Optimum drying of the sheet material is thereby achieved without risk of dimensional instability.

Abstract: A double backer for curing the web bonding adhesive and drying the corrugated paperboard web utilizes a web holddown apparatus for maintaining the web in intimate drying contact with the lower heating units which does not require the use of a driven holddown belt. The holddown is provided instead by a series of parallel, flexible, closely spaced strips suspended above the web in the heating section and extending in the direction of web travel. By adjusting the supports to which the ends of the strips are attached, the portions of the lengths of the strips maintained in contact with the web may be varied. The holddown strips may be provided with strip supporting air bearings which also help dissipate moisture and heat. The web is pulled through the double backer by a downstream vacuum conveyor section comprising a series of transport belts to the upper surfaces of which a vacuum is applied and which may also be supported by air bearings to reduce friction and drive power requirements.

Abstract: A blow device for a dryer section of a paper machine in which an air blowing is produced to support the paper web or equivalent. The device includes structure for defining an interior air space into which the air to be blown is passed through a duct communicating therewith and nozzle openings through which the air is blown to support the paper web or equivalent. The device also includes sets of equalizing plates through which the air is passed out of the air space into separate chamber spaces from which the air is passed into the nozzle openings.

Abstract: A device for drying printed webs or sheets in a printing press utilizes a blower box having a lower wall that is provided with an array of blower nozzles. Each nozzle is formed by a blower opening which is placed in a surface of the depression. The blower openings are oriented in a pattern that promotes complete and efficient paper web or sheet drying and tensioning.

Abstract: A method of drying [apparatus for ] a strip of material or web, which may advantageously be performed by providing a drying apparatus including a conditioning zone immediately following but fully integrated with the [dryer] drying zone, to lower the bulk temperature of web. The web of material can be introduced to conditioned air which is substantially free of contaminants being evolved from the coating on the web. The temperature of the conditioned air is low enough to absorb heat from the web, effectively lowering the solvent evaporation rate, and can be controlled such that it is greater than the dew point of the contaminants being evolved from the web, thereby mitigating condensation that normally forms and visible vapors that form outside of the dryer enclosure. Pressure control is provided in the conditioning zone so that solvent vapors will not escape and so that ambient make-up air can be regulated as required.

Abstract: A space-saving apparatus and method for coating paper sheets with lacquer and drying the sheets with streams of air are provided. The sheets are coated with lacquer and are moved by parallel and spaced apart conveyer belts in a first direction as the sheets are dried and supported by streams of air that are directed against the paper sheets and against and through the undersides of the conveyer belts. The movement of the paper sheets is then reversed to a second direction and the dried sheets are collected above the conveyer belts as they move in the second direction.

Abstract: A new apparatus for treating substrates with fluids, as well as a corresponding fluid treatment method, is disclosed. The new apparatus includes a new configuration of fluid jet injectors which substantially overcomes the problem of dragout, in which fluid impinged upon an area of a substrate is retained on that area, preventing fresh fluid from reaching the impinged area. This new configuration also avoids imposing torques on substrates, and substantially reduces the need for rollers and guides for transporting substrates.

Abstract: A paper web impulse drying apparatus and method. A paper or paperboard web, typically of indefinite length, is treated after issuing from a Fourdrinier or other paper making apparatus by passing it through the nip of a pair of rolls, at least one of which is heated. The rolls both compress the web and raise it to a relatively high temperature. Such treatment enhances certain properties of the web. Web delamination due to flashing of superheated water, after the web leaves the nip, is prevented by both (a) a steam chamber on the exit side of the nip through which the web passes, and (b) heating the web prior to its entrance into the nip. This permits lower roll temperatures to be employed, thereby decreasing the magnitude of the sudden decrease in pressure experienced by the web as it exits from the roll nip. By preheating the sheet and passing it through the steam chamber, the temperature of the heated drying roll or rolls can be decreased to 120.degree.-150.degree. C.

Abstract: The emulsion surface of a film may be damaged as it is pushed into or pulled through a dryer unit. Described herein is a transport arrangement for transporting a film through a dryer which comprises a conveyor belt for transporting the film, and air jets arranged above the surface of the belt. The film is placed on the conveyor belt with its emulsion surface uppermost. The air jets operate to hold the film against the belt as it is transported through the dryer as well as assisting in the removal of moisture from the emulsion surface.

Abstract: A gentle and fast process for heating yarns passing contactlessly through a heating apparatus. The process includes the steps of preheating a heat transfer has to a temperature above the desired final yarn temperature, feeding the preheated heat transfer gas to the yarn duct so that it impinges essentially perpendicularly on the moving yarn and along a length such that the yarn heats up to the desired elevated temperature within the heating apparatus. The present invention may be used for heating air jet textured yarns and for setting two component loops sewing yarns. The invention further relates to an apparatus for carrying out the process including a preheating means, a duct in the form of a tube drilled with holes, feed lines, and a distributor chamber enabling the heat transfer gas to impinge radially upon the outside of the yarn moving contactlessly in the duct.

Abstract: A bulk material dryer of the through flow type is equipped with an air permeable bulk material conveyor for carrying the bulk material through a dryer housing. The inlet and outlet ends of the dryer housing are sealed by paddle wheels, the paddles of which dip into the layer of bulk material on the bulk material conveyor. A moving filter belt is arranged in the dryer housing in such a position that dust laden air that has passed through the bulk material must also pass through the moving filter belt for the continuous cleaning of the drying air. One or more cleaning devices are arranged along the moving filter belt for in turn cleaning the filter belt, thereby assuring a continuous drying operation.

Abstract: An apparatus for the dry treatment of a fabric in which an open width fabric is caused to move alternately between an inlet pile and an outlet pile through a duct in which there are currents of air of an appropriate temperature causing the said alternate movements. The fabric is supplied gradually to the inlet pile and is gradually withdrawn from the outlet pile. The apparatus comprises chambers for the said piles and blower and heating means for the air currents.