Directive Patents (Class 342/350)
  • Patent number: 7254118
    Abstract: A novel and improved method and apparatus, in a WCDMA communication system (100), for informing a mobile station (101) of a downlink data frame time offset by determining the downlink data frame time offset, and transmitting the downlink data frame time offset via an Active Set Update message transmitted from a cell (102 or 103) to mobile station (101). Once an Active Set Update message is received, the data frame time offset information is provided to a timing block (201) which may determine data frame boundary of each downlink signal. Timing block (201) may then adjust the PN sequence timing corresponding to the downlink signal associated with the data frame time offset such that corresponding data symbols in each data frame are correctly soft combined in a combiner (210).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 22, 2000
    Date of Patent: August 7, 2007
    Assignee: QUALCOMM Incorporated
    Inventors: Daisuke Terasawa, Francesco Grilli, Serge Willenegger
  • Patent number: 7199883
    Abstract: A system determines the position of a vehicle moving responsive to an inverter having a 360 degree electrical cycle. The system includes a guideway comprising a linear synchronous motor excited by the inverter, a MAGLEV adapted to move with respect to the guideway and the linear synchronous motor, and a reflective pattern disposed along the guideway. A laser light source is coupled to the MAGLEV and directs light toward the pattern. A light sensor is coupled to the MAGLEV and senses the light from the light source which is reflected from the pattern. The light sensor outputs a plurality of pulses corresponding to movement of the MAGLEV with respect to the pattern. A modulator, radio transmitter, radio receiver, demodulator and wayside processor cooperate with the light sensor. The processor determines the position of the MAGLEV by accumulating the pulses. The position corresponds to the 360 degree electrical cycle.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 18, 2005
    Date of Patent: April 3, 2007
    Assignee: Union Switch & Signal, Inc.
    Inventor: Joseph W. Schaad
  • Patent number: 7174301
    Abstract: A system and method for creating a unified commercial real estate data model through collection, distribution and use of information in connection with commercial real estate and for creating a web-based marketplace that facilitates the efficient and secure buying, selling, and leasing of commercial properties. The invention provides a digital marketplace in which the members of the commercial real estate and related business community can continuously interact and facilitate transactions by efficiently exchanging accurate and standardized information. An embodiment provides a system and method for providing communication and analytical tools that interface with a commercial real estate database and support commercial real estate transactions between parties. These communication and analytical tools can include: 1) a survey tool; 2) a commercial real estate transaction tool; 3) a tour scheduling tool; 4) an activity summary tool; 5) a tool for analyzing commercial real estate data; and 6) a map search tool.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 9, 2003
    Date of Patent: February 6, 2007
    Assignee: Costar Group, Inc.
    Inventors: Andrew C. Florance, Robert Evatt, Deborah Hofman, John Choi
  • Patent number: 7107012
    Abstract: A radio antenna of a radio base station is a directional antenna. The antenna searches for a peripheral radio base station by changing the directivity of the antenna. An operating channel and electric field intensity of the other base station are acquired by the searching and then stored as positional information. The operating channel of the base station, the directivity of the antenna, and a radio wave intensity communication area are set according to the acquired positional information. Further, the positional information is transmitted and received to and from the other base station to set the base station. When the base station was moved or when external noise occurred abruptly, channel change and change of a cell shape of the directional antenna are carried out. Consequently, interference between the base stations can be minimized and optimum setting of the channel and communicatable area can be realized.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 17, 2004
    Date of Patent: September 12, 2006
    Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
    Inventors: Kenji Kashiwagi, Takashi Maruyama
  • Patent number: 7092673
    Abstract: The present invention relates to estimating the Angle of Arrival (AoA) of a signal from a user equipment received at a base station of a wireless telecommunications network where the base station has a multi-beam antenna. A signal received from a user equipment is received by the each of the multiple beams of the antenna, and the two adjacent beams receiving the highest amplitude from the end user are selected. A ratio of functions of the amplitudes of the two selected beams, such as a ratio of the difference between the amplitudes of the two beams to the sum of the amplitudes is calculated and compared to a data store of ratios. The data store stores expected ratios corresponding to AoAs and the calculated ratio is compared to the pre-calculated expected ratios to extract an estimate of the AoA of the signal from the user equipment.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 27, 2002
    Date of Patent: August 15, 2006
    Assignee: Nortel Networks Limited
    Inventors: David Bevan, Victor T Ermolayev, Alexander G Flaksman, Evgeny A Mavrichev
  • Patent number: 7065373
    Abstract: The invention includes a method of communicating in a network of multiple nodes transmitting and receiving messages to and from each other. The method includes (a) scanning in synchronism a receive directional beam of an antenna of a first node and a receive directional beam of an antenna of a second node; (b) steering, in azimuth, a transmit directional beam of an antenna of the first node to a relative bearing of the second node; and (c) transmitting a message from the first node to the second node, when the transmit directional beam of the first node and the receive directional of the second node are substantially aligned in relative bearing to each other.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 18, 2002
    Date of Patent: June 20, 2006
    Assignee: ITT Manufacturing Enterprises, Inc.
    Inventors: William E. Rodgers, Terrance W. Charbonneau
  • Patent number: 7035654
    Abstract: Systems and methods are described that provide global positioning system (GPS) enabled wireless communications. The wireless communications system provides a switching module that is adapted to couple communications circuitry to a first antenna or a second antenna as a function of communications characteristics of the first antenna or the second antenna. The switching module is also adapted to couple GPS circuitry to a first antenna or a second antenna as a function of GPS reception characteristics of the first antenna or the second antenna. The switching module may also provide the communications circuitry and the GPS circuitry with simultaneous access to different antennas.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 21, 2002
    Date of Patent: April 25, 2006
    Assignee: Kyocera Wireless Corp.
    Inventor: Tim Forrester
  • Patent number: 6996420
    Abstract: Disclosed are a mobile station unit which can obtain azimuth information with a simple construction and a radio communication system including the mobile terminal unit. According to the present invention, in a terminal station, an arrival direction obtaining section 203 obtains an arrival direction of a received azimuth designation signal from a reference station or another terminal station using an arithmetic operation or the like. A transmitting direction forming section 204 determines the direction opposite to the arrival direction obtained by the arrival direction obtaining section 203 as a transmitting direction. A reference azimuth detecting section 207 detects the transmitting direction determined by the transmitting direction forming section 204 as a reference azimuth. An azimuth designation signal generating section 205 generates an azimuth designation signal so as to radiate radio waves having directivity in the transmitting direction determined by the transmitting direction forming section 204.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 24, 2004
    Date of Patent: February 7, 2006
    Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Jun Hirano, Takashi Aramaki, Gen-Ichirou Ohta
  • Patent number: 6917326
    Abstract: An antenna assembly for use with a level measurement device for measuring the level of a material held in a container is provided. The antenna assembly includes an upper section for coupling to the level measurement device, and an antenna for transmitting energy pulses emitted by the level measurement device and receiving energy pulses reflected by the material in the container. A transducer module is disposed between the upper section and the antenna. A controller is operably connected to the transducer module, the transducer module being responsive to control signals of the controller for activating the transducer module such that the transducer module, when activated by the controller, vibrates the antenna to dislodge or remove material adhering to the antenna.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 29, 2004
    Date of Patent: July 12, 2005
    Assignee: Siemens Milltronics Process Instruments
    Inventors: James Edward Tregenza, Timothy Little
  • Patent number: 6842674
    Abstract: In a swarm weapon system, decision-making processes are described for the organization of mobile robotic vehicles (MRVs). After MRV drone sensor data is provided to a lead MRV, an initial decision is made by the lead MRV as a result of the selection of a winning simulation that provides the best opportunity for success of a mission. Once this decision is made, actions are organized for the MRVs, which provide feedback for the continuation of the process until the mission is completed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 22, 2003
    Date of Patent: January 11, 2005
    Inventor: Neal Solomon
  • Patent number: 6826385
    Abstract: A method and system for increasing the number of geographical addresses for mobile devices in regions of the Earth nearer to the equator than those regions closer to the North and South poles and without significantly increasing the size (number of bits) of the addresses is provided. Typically, regions nearer to the equator have higher populations and a greater need for large amounts of geographical addresses than those regions found closer to the South and North poles. By using the sine of a latitude coordinate for a particular location instead of the actual latitude coordinate, the range of available geographical addresses for mobile devices in the most densely populated regions on Earth can be significantly increased while decreasing the number of addresses available in regions closer to the South or North poles.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 22, 2002
    Date of Patent: November 30, 2004
    Assignee: Nokia Corporation
    Inventor: Jouni Kujala
  • Patent number: 6795771
    Abstract: A method and apparatus for correlating a satellite signal with a reference code is described. In an example, samples of a satellite signal having a repeating code are received. At least one fast convolution between the samples and the pseudorandom reference code is performed. A correlation peak is detected within a result of the at least one fast convolution. A code phase of the repeating code relative to the pseudorandom reference code is estimated at the correlation peak. The samples are then correlated with the pseudorandom reference code using the code phase as an initial value.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 29, 2003
    Date of Patent: September 21, 2004
    Assignee: Global Locate, Inc.
    Inventors: Donald L. Fuchs, Charles Abraham, Frank van Diggelen
  • Publication number: 20040090364
    Abstract: The invention relates to a transmitting device limiting the out-of-band interferences. The modulation is done with or without inversion of the spectrum (FIG. 4A or 4B). Next, frequency transposition is done in supradyne or infradyne fashion (FIG. 4C or 4D) such that the parasitic effects originating from the modulation are always situated in the frequency band allocated for transmission. The invention relates to the transmission method, on the one hand, and to the transmission device, on the other hand.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 8, 2003
    Publication date: May 13, 2004
    Inventors: Jean-Yves Le Naour, Olivier Mocquard, Dominique Lo Hine Tong
  • Publication number: 20040066326
    Abstract: This invention makes it possible to communicate through solid non-metallic walls or ceilings with low microwave power levels. RF beam forming couplers are driven by common LAN (Local Area Network) circuits.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 2, 2002
    Publication date: April 8, 2004
    Inventor: Guenther Knapp
  • Patent number: 6621418
    Abstract: The present invention relates to devices enabling a person moving along a given path to be warned against the presence on the path of objects that might present a danger for that person. The device of the invention is characterized essentially by the fact that it comprises object detection means 1, said detection means being suitable for delivering a detection signal on an output 2, a change of state in this signal being indicative of the presence of an object in a predetermined zone of the path, means 3 for connecting the connection means to a first portion 4 of the body of the person, and means 5 for converting the detection signal into an electrical function-stimulating signal acting on a second portion 6 of the body of the person. The device of the invention is particularly advantageously applicable to enabling combatants to detect explosive mines or the like.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 14, 2002
    Date of Patent: September 16, 2003
    Inventor: Christophe Cayrol
  • Patent number: 6573799
    Abstract: Method for accounting for factors (such as temperature) causing systematic errors (time-varying or constant) in a clock, such as a clock used in a ranging receiver (for use with a positioning system such as the Global Positioning System), and a corresponding clock system (including a clock and a filter such as a Kalman filter) for providing clock time and error, used for example in a ranging receiver. The invention adds new state vector components to account for systematic error. The process update equation used in the navigation solution is accordingly extended to include the additional components of the state vector.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 12, 2001
    Date of Patent: June 3, 2003
    Assignee: Nokia Corporation
    Inventor: David Akopian
  • Publication number: 20030080896
    Abstract: The present invention relates to an antenna that increases efficiency through the addition of a series antenna element within a portable communication device such as a radiotelephone. The series antenna element includes a conductive material disposed on a dielectric. The series antenna element makes the antenna electrically longer, which increases the efficiency of a retractable antenna in both positions or a fixed “stubby” antenna. Efficiency is improved by more radio frequency power being deposited on the series antenna element causing the series antenna element to radiate radio frequencies outside of the portable communication device, which reduces the current on the circuit board. There are fewer dropped calls, improved reception and transmission of radio frequencies, and increased signal strength.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 29, 2001
    Publication date: May 1, 2003
    Inventor: Chidambaram Shankar
  • Patent number: 6553210
    Abstract: A method and device for using a single antenna for simultaneously receiving radio frequency signals in a first radio frequency band and radio signals in a second radio frequency band different from the first radio frequency band.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 22, 1999
    Date of Patent: April 22, 2003
    Assignee: AlliedSignal Inc.
    Inventors: Brian Lindemann, Tuan Nguyen
  • Publication number: 20020164945
    Abstract: Equipment and methods for aligning the antennas of two transceivers of a point-to-point wireless millimeter wave communications link and keeping them aligned. Each of two communicating antennas is equipped with a telescopic camera connected to a processor programmed to recognize landscape images. The processors are programmed to remember the pattern of the landscape as it appears when the antennas are aligned. Each of the cameras then view the landscape periodically or continuously and if the landscape in view changes by more than a predetermined amount a signal is provided to indicate a misalignment. An operator can then take corrective action or alternatively the antenna system can be configured for remote or automatic realignment based of feedback from the camera.
    Type: Application
    Filed: January 11, 2002
    Publication date: November 7, 2002
    Inventors: Randall B. Olsen, Louis Slaughter, John Lovberg, Kenneth Y. Tang, Vladimir Kolinko, Paul Johnson
  • Publication number: 20020118062
    Abstract: A digital demodulator includes a demodulation section, a peripheral equipment control section, a main control section, and a discrimination section. When the peripheral equipment control section performs receives a control signal from the main control section, it controls the peripheral equipment. The discrimination section determines whether the control signal is related to control of the demodulation section. When the control is related to control of the demodulation section, the discrimination section transmits the control signal, corresponding to the control that the peripheral equipment control section performs, to the demodulation section.
    Type: Application
    Filed: December 11, 2000
    Publication date: August 29, 2002
    Inventor: Tomohiro Ushio
  • Patent number: 6266006
    Abstract: A metal detector for detecting missing arrows includes a housing having a fastener for mounting to an arrow shaft. The detector includes an antenna, a circuit connected to the antenna for detecting the proximity of metallic arrow parts to the antenna, and an indicator connected to the circuit for indicating that the circuit detects the proximity of the antenna to a metal arrow part. Preferably, the housing includes a generally planar paddle portion supporting the antenna and a generally planar handle portion, the portions being at different parallel planes. The fastener includes a recess in the handle portion for receiving the end of the arrow shaft and a threaded fastener for fastening to a threaded recess on the arrow shaft extending into the recess.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 19, 2000
    Date of Patent: July 24, 2001
    Inventor: Jocelyn Audet
  • Patent number: 6205378
    Abstract: An attitude control system and method operative with a thruster controls the attitude of a vehicle carrying the thruster, wherein the thruster has a valve enabling the formation of pulses of expelled gas from a source of compressed gas. Data of the attitude of the vehicle is gathered, wherein the vehicle is located within a force field tending to orient the vehicle in a first attitude different from a desired attitude. The attitude data is evaluated to determine a pattern of values of attitude of the vehicle in response to the gas pulses of the thruster and in response to the force field. The system and the method maintain the attitude within a predetermined band of values of attitude which includes the desired attitude. Computation circuitry establishes an optimal duration of each of the gas pulses based on the pattern of values of attitude, the optimal duration providing for a minimal number of opening and closure operations of the valve.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 29, 1999
    Date of Patent: March 20, 2001
    Assignee: Space Systems/Loral, Inc.
    Inventors: John J. Rodden, Homer D. Stevens, Stephane Carrou
  • Patent number: 6195555
    Abstract: A method of directing a call to a mobile telephone in a dual mode cellular satellite communications network is disclosed. An alert signal is transmitted to the mobile telephone using base stations of the cellular network if the mobile telephone is currently registered as active in a cellular network. When the alert signal is received at the mobile telephone, the mobile telephone transmits a response to the cellular network as an acknowledgement. When an acknowledgement is not received by the cellular network within a defined period of time, the cellular network transmits the last known location of the mobile telephone to the satellite earth station. Upon receipt of the last known location of the mobile telephone, the satellite earth station using the last known location determines a satellite antenna beam most likely to be received by the mobile telephone and transmits an alert signal to the mobile telephone via the satellite using the antenna beam.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 24, 1997
    Date of Patent: February 27, 2001
    Assignee: Ericsson Inc.
    Inventor: Paul W. Dent
  • Patent number: 6081764
    Abstract: An apparatus and techniques for correlating crossing targets in an air traffic control system is described. The technique utilizes a target/track correlation made on the basis of three conditions: (1) separation distance between a target pair; (2) target polarity and (3) a value of a threshold separation value indicator.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 15, 1997
    Date of Patent: June 27, 2000
    Assignee: Raytheon Company
    Inventor: Dan Varon
  • Patent number: 6061631
    Abstract: Methods for estimation of the relative locations (baseline vectors) of two or more GPS signal antennas relative to each other and for estimation of line biases associated with each signal processing channel associated with each GPS signal antenna. Double difference carrier phase signal measurements are formed, using floating integer and fixed integer solutions for the phase integer ambiguities, and baseline vectors between the GPS signal antennas are estimated. Single difference phase integer ambiguities are obtained and approximations for line biases are computed. Single difference carrier phase measurements are used to estimate baseline vectors and line biases, using fixed phase integer ambiguities with the estimated baseline vectors and line biases as initial conditions, and are processed by Kalman filtering or other suitable signal processing. Angular orientation or attitude of a vehicle body on which the GPS signal antennas are placed is determined from the baseline vectors.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 3, 1997
    Date of Patent: May 9, 2000
    Assignee: Trimble Navigation, Ltd.
    Inventor: Qiyue John Zhang
  • Patent number: 6017003
    Abstract: A satellite system and method comprises a satellite 10 induced to roll 46 and pitch 52 in its orbit 12 to keep antennae 34 36 pointing ever directly at the nadir 40 as the nadir moves over the surface of the earth 14. The satellite 10 has a yaw rotation 54 designed to keep the solar panels, which rotate only about one axis, ever pointing at ninety degrees to the direction of the sun 42 for maximum solar panel efficiency. The beam pattern of the antennae 34 36 is counter-rotated to oppose the yaw motion 54. Compensation for the season of the year is applied.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 12, 1997
    Date of Patent: January 25, 2000
    Assignee: ICO Services Ltd
    Inventor: Dennis Roy Mullins
  • Patent number: 6011508
    Abstract: The invention provides guideway-based methods, apparatus and systems for tracking, sensing and communicating with objects, such as track and roadway vehicles, as well as waystations therefore. Such a system comprises a winding, a transmitter and a receiver. The winding is made up of two or more phased conductors connected to form one or more closed current paths. The phased conductors are conductive elements (such as wires) shaped or configured in periodically repeating patterns, such as saw tooths, sinusoids or square waves. The transmitter applies to at least one of the phased conductors a position-sensing signal which has an envelope that varies as a periodic function of a first position along (or relative to) the winding. The sensor, which is disposed at a second position along the winding, detects the position-sensing signals on the winding and generates a signal indicating the distance between the first and second positions.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 31, 1997
    Date of Patent: January 4, 2000
    Assignee: MagneMotion, Inc.
    Inventors: Brian M. Perreault, Tracy M. Clark
  • Patent number: 6007027
    Abstract: A method (100) for providing continuous communication service from a partially populated satellite constellation includes deploying one or more phases of satellites to populate one or more sets of orbital planes (210), and providing continuous communication service from the one or more sets of orbital planes. Satellites (320) in each phase of satellites can be positioned to reside substantially the same as a position in which they will reside in a fully populated satellite constellation thereby eliminating the need to relocate satellites in the fully populated satellite constellation. Also, a communication unit (600) and a method (700) for the communication unit to communicate in a satellite communication system having a satellite constellation capable of being deployed in a plurality of phases is provided. The communication unit is capable of communicating with the satellite communication system at various minimum elevation angles during various phases of deployment.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 14, 1997
    Date of Patent: December 28, 1999
    Assignee: Motorola, Inc.
    Inventors: Dennis Paul Diekelman, George Thomas Kroncke, Keith Andrew Olds
  • Patent number: 6003092
    Abstract: In a computer network of a base station and one or more remote units, data transmission from the base station to the or each remote unit is by way of a wireless (e.g. infrared) signal, and by way of a radio signal in the other direction. Infra-red receivers can be used in the remote units which are cheap and have low power consumption compared with radio receivers, and radio transmitters can be used in the remote units which have low power consumption compared with infra-red transmitters. This therefore facilitates the provision of cheap, battery-powered remote units. The wireless signal is used to send instructions to control selection by each remote unit of a transmission channel for its radio signals.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 9, 1997
    Date of Patent: December 14, 1999
    Assignee: Hewlett-Packard Company
    Inventor: John Deryk Waters
  • Patent number: 5861839
    Abstract: There is provided an apparatus 10 for transceiving millimeter electromagnetic waves (MEW) creating a high resolution image of a field of view sensed by a flexibly resilient tapered slot antenna 12 formed with a resonant cavity 18 and a transformer horn 19; the antenna is affixed to solenoid unit 20 for imparting a vibratory force to the antenna causing it to scan a field of view. There is provided an integrated circuit signal processor chip 32 and a MEW signal affixed to the antenna 12. A 2 D amplitude modulator 34 is affixed to the leading edge of the antenna 12 adjacent the transformer horn 19 to impart orthogonality to the MEW signal that is transceived in order to achieve a 2 D azimuthal scan. The sensed signal is matched in the processor 32 which has input a template of an orthogonally power distributed beam by auto-correlation to the template.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 19, 1997
    Date of Patent: January 19, 1999
    Assignee: TRW Inc.
    Inventors: Eric L. Upton, Yong Guo
  • Patent number: 5621414
    Abstract: It is enabled to perform the location confirmation as precisely as possible at a small number of receiving stations. In the respective stations, after performing the operation of filtering and amplifying at the front end portion, the signal passes through the discriminating portion corresponding to the transmission signal from the transmitter. Thereafter, the electric power or amplitude of the signal emitted from each transmitter is measured. The measured value is sent to the central station through the backbone communication network. The more the transmission distance of the electric wave is, the more the electric wave attenuates.Consequently, it is possible to know the zone in which the worker carrying the transmitter is staying nearby by respectively comparing with each other the electric powers of the respective signals; a, b, and c transmitted from the transmitters a-c measured by the respective receivers.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 8, 1994
    Date of Patent: April 15, 1997
    Assignee: Ricoh Company, Ltd.
    Inventor: Yoshikatsu Nakagawa
  • Patent number: 5592172
    Abstract: Traffic information is gathered by traffic centres (TC) and quite frequently it is desired to alert drivers to the presence of a hazard which can be avoided if an early warning can be given. However as most hazards are of local interest then in order to avoid transmitting the early warning nationally, a system is used to transmit the early warning to suitably equipped vehicles using the digital cellular radio network. In view of the fact that the location of the network's base stations (BS1 to 3, BS20 and BS21) and their contemporaneous coverage areas may be unknown to the traffic centres it is necessary for the traffic centres to relay a description of the geographical area over which an early warning should be given to the control computer (C) of the cellular network so that the control computer can decide which of the base stations provide a combined coverage area most closely matching the description of the geographical area and activate the transmitters of the selected base stations.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 12, 1994
    Date of Patent: January 7, 1997
    Assignee: U.S. Philips Corporation
    Inventors: Alister J. Bailey, Ruud H. M. Hendricksen
  • Patent number: 5574466
    Abstract: A method for wireless communication system planning includes, in a first embodiment, determining an image tree (500), based on a transmitter location (401) and the reflective (415) and diffractive (425) surfaces within a coverage region, and limiting the image tree to exclude branching for higher order images requiring more than a predetermined number of reflections and/or diffractions, or potential child images corresponding to surfaces not within the scope of the parent image (530, 560). Based on the image tree and propagation path back-tracing (620) a received signal quality measure (e.g., power) is determined for each transmit location. By comparing the different received signal powers an optimal receiver unit location is determined. Further, by back-tracing for further antenna locations/combinations, and comparing for diversity effects (864, 865), overall coverage qualities can be determined for each antenna combination and compared to yield optimal base diversity antenna locations (867).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 30, 1995
    Date of Patent: November 12, 1996
    Assignee: Motorola, Inc.
    Inventors: John D. Reed, Yuqiang Tang
  • Patent number: 5563334
    Abstract: There is disclosed a process and apparatus for testing the integrity of filter elements located in protected environments such as clean rooms and the like, principally characterized by wireless electromagnetic transmission of test data between the filter test apparatus located in the protected environment and data evaluation means located outside the protected environment. The process and apparatus are especially suitable for testing ultra- and micro-filtration filter elements.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 11, 1995
    Date of Patent: October 8, 1996
    Assignee: Sartorius AG
    Inventors: Karl Bracht, Ingo Gehne
  • Patent number: 5345539
    Abstract: Radar apparatus used for point-source location, where an adaptive feed forward artificial neural network is used to calculate a position vector from image information provided by radar receiving element outputs. Where an object is sensed within a field of view of a multiple output radar, then the radar receiving sensor element outputs are processed inputs as image vectors for use in input nodes of an input node layer of the artificial neural network. Typically the neural network has the same number of input nodes as the number of sensor element outputs an array within the radar receiver. Increased accuracy of point-source location can be achieved by increasing the number of hidden layers used, and/or increasing the number of nodes within each hidden layer. Training of the artificial neural network is described for (5.times.1), (1.times.5) and (4.times.4) radar receiving arrays, and also for idealised and noisy data.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 12, 1993
    Date of Patent: September 6, 1994
    Assignee: The Secretary of State for Defence in Her Britannic Majesty's Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
    Inventor: Andrew R. Webb
  • Patent number: 5258763
    Abstract: A superconducting non-linear device comprising a superconducting conductor, a current source associated with the conductor for applying to the conductor a bias current, and a control device associated with the current source for selectably controlling the magnitude of the bias current. The non-linear device according to the invention may be used in a number of circuit configurations, including current limiting, switching, mixing and detecting circuits.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 18, 1992
    Date of Patent: November 2, 1993
    Assignee: AEL Defense Corp.
    Inventor: Leon Riebman
  • Patent number: 5218356
    Abstract: This invention removes the requirement of cable interconnections to local area network (LAN) nodes with wireless optical relay stations suitable for high data rates. Relay sections are equipped with IR transmitters, receivers and narrow beam optics. Manual beam alignment during the LAN installation is aided by a visible light beam of equal beam width and direction. Rotational freedom of the optical antenna systems provide precise aiming. Structure couplers extend, by low-power RF coupling through nonmetallic wall and ceilings, the wireless data transmission from a single room to rooms and building floors. Shielding and wall gaskets of the structure couplers eliminate RF radiation penetration and leakage, and therefore prevent eavesdropping and jamming.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 31, 1991
    Date of Patent: June 8, 1993
    Inventor: Guenther Knapp