Abstract: Disclosed are techniques for wireless communication. In an aspect, a user equipment (UE) receives assistance data for enabling the UE to estimate a location of the UE, the assistance data including a relative location of each of a plurality of transmission points, wherein the relative location is represented as a hierarchy of two or more levels of description, wherein a highest level of description is relative to a fixed reference point, receives, from each of at least a subset of the plurality of transmission points, at least one positioning reference signal, and estimates the location of the UE based on characteristics of reception of the at least one positioning reference signal from each of the subset of the plurality of transmission points and the two or more levels of description and the fixed reference point for each of the subset of the plurality of transmission points.

Abstract: A system can include a producer device to receive reference data from a reference station. The system can include a queue device to store a reference message, corresponding to the reference data, in a message queue. The system can include a mapping device to store mapping information indicating that the message queue is associated with the reference station. The system can include a consumer device to identify the message queue as being associated with a microservice to be provided to a client device based on a microservice request. The message queue can be identified based on the mapping information. The consumer device can obtain the reference message from the message queue, generate corrections data associated with the client device, and provide the corrections data.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments include methods of estimating the position of a user equipment, UE, in association with a plurality of reference stations. Such embodiments can include performing one or more positioning measurements (e.g., carrier-phase measurements of GNSS satellite signals), and receiving transfer information between a first reference system and a second reference system. Such embodiments can also include determining an estimate of the UE's position based on the positioning measurements for the UE, the transfer information, and location coordinates of a plurality of entities (e.g., reference stations), wherein the location coordinates of at least one entity is associated with the first reference system and the location coordinates of at least one other entity is associated with the second reference system. Other embodiments include complementary methods performed by network nodes, as well as UEs and network nodes configured to perform such methods.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method and system for determining and tracking an indoor position of an object, the method comprising: using a primary position indication, based on signals received from an external positioning system of at least two different positions of said object to calibrate tracking of a secondary position indication, which is an indoor position, and wherein the tracking of the secondary position comprises: recording acceleration data of a second part of the object, integrating said acceleration data, determining a characteristic position of the cyclically moving second part of the object in subsequent cycles, measuring a geomagnetic first orientation of the second part of the object in said characteristic position, determining the second direction of movement of the first part of the object, computing a velocity of the object in any direction based on the acceleration data, and determining the secondary position indication of said object bas

Abstract: A multipath suppression method based on a steepest descent method includes stripping, according to carrier Doppler shift information fed back by a phase-locked loop, a carrier from an intermediate-frequency signal input into a tracking loop; constructing, on the basis of the autocorrelation characteristics of a ranging code, a quadratic cost function related to a measurement deviation of the ranging code, the cost function being not affected by a multipath signal; and finally, designing a new tracking loop of the ranging code according to the quadratic cost function and the principle of the steepest descent method, such that the loop has a multipath suppression function without increasing the computational burden. Compared with a narrow-distance correlation method, the current method reduces computing resources by ?, the design and adjustment of parameters are simple and feasible, a multipath suppression effect is superior, and a high engineering application value is obtained.

Abstract: Techniques for enhanced Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) position determination can include capturing an image, from a camera, of obstructions near a mobile device. Orientation information regarding the camera can is used to determine where, in the image, the horizon is situated, and which portions of the sky are blocked by the obstructions from the perspective of the mobile device. Information regarding the location of satellites in the sky is obtained, based on an estimated position of the mobile device. Obstructed satellites can then be identified by comparing the location of the satellites with the obstructed portions of the sky. In a GNSS position determination, information received from the obstructed satellites can then be disregarded or de-weighted accordingly. In some embodiments, the information regarding the blocked portions of the sky can be sent to a server and/or shared with other nearby mobile devices.

Abstract: A time synchronization system an input interface configured to receive pseudorange measurements from a set of antennas of at least one Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiving system that operates the antennas at known positions according to a clock with an unknown time bias to receive signals from satellites in sight of the antennas and an output interface configured to output the determined time bias. The time synchronization system also includes a processor configured to compare the pseudorange measurements of different antennas to produce an antenna-specific clock offset for each of the antennas, correct the pseudorange measurements of the antennas according to the antenna-specific clock offsets of corresponding antennas to produce corrected pseudorange measurements, and determine the time bias of the clock using the corrected pseudorange measurements.

Abstract: A global positioning system (GPS) receiver may include an antenna configured to receive GPS signals from GPS satellites, a radio frequency (RF) front end configured to pre-process signals received by the antenna, a demodulator/converter configured to perform demodulation and analog-to-digital conversion of output signals received from the RF front end, a clock configured to provide a consistent clock signal, and a digital signal processor configured to receive the clock signal and make time and code measurements associated with determining a location of the GPS receiver based on the signals received by the antenna. The GPS receiver may be configured to eliminate reflected or indirect signals from the time and code measurements.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a GPS unit, a GPS information acquisition unit, a sensor information acquisition unit, and a reception condition determination unit. The GPS unit receives a radio wave from at least one of a plurality of positioning satellites. The GPS information acquisition unit acquires ephemeris information by the GPS unit and acquires satellite arrangement information of each of the plurality of positioning satellites acquiring the ephemeris information. The sensor information acquisition unit acquires geographical condition information of a current location at which the electronic device is present. The reception condition determination unit identifies the number of positioning satellites that the receiving unit can capture at the current location among the plurality of positioning satellites acquiring the ephemeris information based on the geographical condition information of the current location and the satellite arrangement information.

Abstract: Various vehicle technologies for improving positioning accuracy despite various factors that affect signals from navigation satellites. Such positioning accuracy is increased via determining an offset and communicating the offset in various ways or via sharing of raw positioning data between a plurality of devices, where at least one knows its location sufficiently accurately, for use in differential algorithms.

Abstract: A system and method for multipath estimation and mitigation is disclosed. In some embodiments, the method includes performing a first weight estimation operation for a first number of multipath components of a received correlation, calculating a remaining error energy by subtracting a sum of estimated multipath components from the received correlation, determining whether a satisfaction criterion is met for the remaining error energy, and, in response to determining that the satisfaction criterion is not met, performing a second weight estimation operation for a second number of multipath components, the second number being greater than the first number.

Abstract: A system for tagging and tracking assets anywhere in the world under any environmental condition. Geo-Referencing Identification (GRID) tag, GRID satellite (GRIDSAT) tag and associated cloud infrastructure and user interface meet the objectives of a robust global tagging and tracking system. The GRID tag can be used to identify pieces of equipment or storage containers for low-value or aggregate equipment. GRID tags communicate with each other using a mesh radio in each tag. The GRIDSAT tag consists of a satellite modem, global positioning system (GPS) receiver, and mesh radio and can be used by itself for high-value items, large shipping containers, or vehicles and vessels to track and locate them, or used in concert with GRID tags that communicate with each other and with the GRIDSAT tag by means of mesh radio.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for performing manufacturing testing on an autonomous driving vehicle (ADV) sensor board. A sensor unit of the ADV includes a plurality of sensor I/O channels that provide information to the ADV perception and planning module, to navigate the ADV. An array of sensors is emulated on a sensor unit test board. The sensor unit includes a small software that manages the flow of testing the sensor unit. The sensor unit test board provides emulated sensor data for, e.g., GPS, LIDAR, RADAR, inertial measurement, one or more cameras, humidity, temperature, and pressure, and throttle, braking, and steering inputs. Each emulated sensor includes its own data validity checker to ensure that each sensor I/O channel of the sensor unit is tested. The sensor unit test board can include an LED for each I/O channel that indicates a pass/fail status of the test for the I/O channel.

Abstract: The invention includes electronic monitoring-device for monitoring controlled spaces, as well as systems and methods for such monitoring. The monitoring-devices may be battery powered devices, with various sensors and capable of wireless communications. Installation of the monitoring-device may not require any wiring. These monitoring-devices may be installed at a given controlled space to monitor that given controlled space and to electronically communicate occurrences of that given controlled space to various interested stakeholders, such as, but not limited to, a tenant of the given controlled space, facility operators of the given controlled space, the provider of the electronic monitoring-device, and/or third-parties (e.g., insurance companies, first responders, and/or law enforcement). The monitoring-device may provide details, information, alerts, reminders, notices, notifications, alarms, and/or the like to various authorized stakeholders of the occurrences within that given controlled space.

Abstract: An angle-of-arrival identification device receives a reception signal including a plurality of subcarriers, using a plurality of antenna elements, and identifies an angle of arrival of the reception signal. The angle-of-arrival identification device includes signal processing units that extract predefined specific subcarriers (pilot carriers) from the reception signals received by each of the plurality of antenna elements, and an angle identification unit that identifies the angle of arrival on the basis of a phase difference between the specific subcarriers extracted by each of the signal processing units. The signal processing unit includes a frequency adjustment unit that adjusts a deviation, from a defined value, of a frequency of the reception signal received by the antenna element, and a filter unit that extracts the specific subcarrier by performing bandpass filter processing on the reception signal whose frequency has been adjusted.

Abstract: A device and method which improves the accuracy of a global positioning system (GPS)-equipped mobile device. A time-stamped first set of GPS data is received via a GPS receiver, e.g., of the base station. A second set of GPS data describing a geoposition of the mobile device is received from the mobile device by the base station. A time of collection of the GPS data coincides. The GPS data includes code, carrier-phase, and pseudo-range information from each of the GPS satellites. A predetermined GPS position correction technique is used to generate a first corrected geoposition of the mobile device using the GPS data. Corrected, carrier-smoothed geoposition is generated as a second corrected geoposition using a carrier smoothing operation. The second corrected geoposition is transmitted to the mobile device and/or an external response system such as a drone or first responder.

Abstract: A duplicate peak detector acquires and tracks a first correlation peak for a data sequence associated with a navigation satellite in a satellite navigation signal. During tracking of the first correlation peak, a second correlation peak is acquired and tracked for the same data sequence. Respective values of at least one tracking variable of the two correlation peaks are analyzed, and based on the analysis it is determined whether the first and second correlation peaks are associated with the same navigation signal or different navigation signals. If the first correlation peak and the second correlation peak are associated with the same navigation signal, tracking of one of the correlation peaks is discontinued.

Abstract: System and method for shooting plural seismic sources Si in a marine acquisition system with a deblending-designed dithering sequence DSnew. The method includes generating the deblending-designed dithering sequence DSnew to include random dithering times Di, a range of the dithering times Di being larger than a preset, non-zero, minimum value pmv; selecting a shooting sequence SS for the plural seismic sources Si; and shooting the plural seismic sources Si with the deblending-designed dithering sequence DSnew, based on the shooting sequence SS. All odd or all even members of the shooting sequence SS are shot with zero dithering times.

Abstract: Wearable electronic devices, such as watches, can be provided with an ability to detect whether a tactile input provided to an input component, such as a button, is intentional or unintentional. For example, a wearable device can analyze the context in which a tactile input is received, such as attributes of the tactile input and/or operational parameters of the wearable device at the time the tactile input is received. By further example, a wearable device can infer whether a tactile input is a result of an activity, such as exercising, random movement, or collision with an object. The wearable devices can accept or reject the tactile input and determine whether an action associated with the tactile input should be performed.

Abstract: A method for estimating the position of a terminal in a satellite communication at either the ground station or in the satellite is described. The method uses estimates of the time delay, Doppler and/or Doppler Rate of signals transmitted from the terminal to the satellite together with an estimate of the satellite position. The method can be used with both synchronised terminals and unsynchronised terminals provided they have a stable time or frequency reference as well as with low earth orbit satellites both with and without on-board global position and timing references. Additionally the method can also use estimates of the time delay, Doppler or Doppler rate of beacon signals received by either the satellite or terminals. These beacon signals may include GPS L1 signals. In contrast to standard GPS receivers, the method does not require the terminal to store GPS ephemeris data or to operate continuously.

Abstract: Among other things, we describe a method that includes, on an electronic device, determining that a current quality metric of signals received by a location system of the electronic device does not meet a threshold quality metric, and based on the determination, selecting a recommendation for changing a position of the device in a manner that would alter the current quality metric. This aspect can also include corresponding systems, apparatus, and computer program products stored on a storage device.

Abstract: Disclosed embodiments facilitate accuracy and decrease error in terrestrial positioning systems, including errors induced by multipath (e.g. ground reflections) in doppler based measurements of SVs. In some embodiments, one or more Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) doppler measurements and one or more corresponding GNSS pseudorange measurements for one or more satellites may be obtained. One or more GNSS doppler estimates corresponding to the one or more GNSS doppler measurements may be determined, wherein for a GNSS doppler measurement, the corresponding GNSS doppler estimate may be determined based, in part, on the GNSS doppler measurement and a GNSS pseudorange measurement corresponding to the GNSS doppler measurement. A speed of the UE may be determined based, in part, on the one or more GNSS doppler estimates.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose a random access method. In a scenario of an ultra-large coverage cell, the method includes: receiving a random access (RA) preamble sent by user equipment (UE); setting a timing advance TA and an R-bit identifier that are of the ultra-large coverage cell, where the R-bit identifier is used to indicate a time granularity of the timing advance TA or is used to indicate a value range of the timing advance TA; and sending a random access (RA) response message to the UE, where the RA response message includes the timing advance TA and the R-bit identifier, and the ultra-large coverage cell is a cell with a coverage distance greater than 107 Km. Therefore, uplink time and downlink time are aligned when uplink signals sent by UEs in different positions in a cell arrive at a base station.

Abstract: A moving state determining device includes a receiver receiving radiowaves from a positioning satellite and a processor. The processor determines a moving state of a satellite radiowave receiving unit based on a motion state measured by a sensor which measures a motion state, and performs a positioning operation based on information received by the receiver to obtain a current position and an error range thereof. In determining the moving state, a positioning operation result obtained when the error range satisfies a predetermined accuracy standard can be used. The error range is calculated based on a positioning accuracy and a deviation of the obtained current position and a predicted position calculated in accordance with the moving state. The positioning accuracy is obtained by combining each position of positioning satellites from which radiowaves are received and each receiving state of the radiowaves.

Abstract: A test signal generator generates a first test signal. A test signal transmitter transmits the first test signal. An RF receiver unit receives the first test signal and a first satellite signal through a receiving antenna, and generates a second test signal and a second satellite signal, respectively. Each of first and second demodulators calculates a correlation value between the second satellite signal and the spreading code to acquire a satellite. A first failure detector unit compares a signal intensity of the second test signal with a threshold to generate a first failure detection signal. A second failure detector compares the satellites acquired by the first and second demodulator to generate a second failure detection signal. A state determiner determines whether and where a failure exists, using the first and second failure detection signals.

Abstract: A position fix identifying a geographic location of a receiver is received. The position fix was generated using signals received at the receiver from respective high-altitude signal sources (such as satellites). Imagery of a geographic area that includes the geographic location is also received. The imagery is automatically processed to determine whether one or more of the high-altitude signal sources were occluded from the geographic location when the position fix was generated. In response to determining that one or more of the high-altitude signal sources were occluded from the geographic location when the position fix was generated, the position fix is identified as being potentially erroneous.

Abstract: The disclosure concerns systems and methods for providing fifth generation or later (5G+) wireless communication, for in-flight and other applications, by way of integrating global navigation satellite system (GNSS) data among other features and aspects. In various embodiments, systems and methods are disclosed embodying one or more of: GNSS-assisted Doppler estimation and tracking; GNSS-assisted cell acquisition, measurement, and handover target cell selection; GNSS-assisted timing advance estimation and tracking; GNSS-assisted power control; and/or GNSS-assisted beam identification and tracking. Each of these, when considered individually or in any combination, provides GNSS-assisted wireless communication.

Abstract: There is provided a coordinate output method capable of suppressing the influence of a positioning error (jump) of a float solution in a case where interferometric positioning by RTK method is applied to positioning of a moving body. Current coordinates of a moving body are estimated based on previous coordinates of the moving body and information on a speed of the moving body. In addition, interferometric wave positioning is executed based on the positioning data of a base station and the positioning data of a positioning station to calculate the current coordinates of the moving body as either a fix solution or a float solution. In a case where the fix solution may not be calculated after the fix solution is calculated for a predetermined time or more, the coordinates of the moving body estimated from the information on a speed are output.

Abstract: A personal navigation device includes a correlator for processing GNSS signals from a constellation of satellites A signal is received from a navigation beacon containing a repeating code word, in which the code word includes a number N of samples corresponding to N phases, and in which reception of each code word occurs within a defined time period T. The sequence of N code samples is correlated with a known code word to determine a maximum value of correlation for a particular phase of the received signal. The correlation is performed using a correlator of size M, in which M is less than N, such that N/M=P complete correlations for a partial code phase are performed such that each correlation of a partial code phase is performed within a time period of approximately T/P. All P correlations of partial code phases are completed within time T.

Abstract: A method for receiving and processing satellite navigation signals includes receiving the navigation signals; converting the navigation signals into digital signals; providing a clock signal to all channels that process the digital signals; generating frequency division signals; selecting a channel frequency division signal from the frequency division signals based on which ADC is used to convert the satellite navigation signals into digital signals; connecting the channel to the ADC; generating code frequency signal and base carrier frequency signal using a net accumulation signal; processing the digital signal in the channel to produce digital quadrature signal components of the digital signal based on the code frequency signal and the base carrier frequency signal; using a tick signal that represents 2N×clock signal as a temporary time scale for control of the channels for determining digital signal phase differences between the channels; and outputting coordinates based on the quadrature components.

Abstract: A buoy-type high-frequency ground wave radar system. A buoy platform is used as an offshore carrier of a ground wave radar. A sky wave emission subsystem is disposed on a shore base and emits a high-frequency electromagnet wave. After the high-frequency electromagnet wave is refracted by the ionosphere and is reflected by the sea surface, a sky wave signal is formed. An attitude measurement subsystem measures and acquires attitude data of the buoy platform in real time. A ground wave radar subsystem receives a ground wave signal by using the ground wave radar, and processes the signal to form a ground wave doppler spectrum. Simultaneously, the sky wave signal is received, ionosphere disturbance compensation is performed on the sky wave signal in a frequency domain and then the sky wave signal is processed to form a sky wave doppler spectrum.

Abstract: Wave based signals such as radio transmissions are susceptible to frequency alterations caused by the relative movement between a transmitter and a receiver. In a satellite context, the radio signals emitted by a satellite based transmitter may take on a frequency higher or lower than the actual frequency at which they are generated depending on whether the satellite is moving toward or away from the receiver, respectively. By calculating the theoretical frequency shift (Doppler shift) that should occur if a signal travels directly from a satellite to a receiver, the actual frequency of the signal as received can be used to determine if the signal's integrity is sufficient or if it has been compromised by some sort of interference or malfunction.

Abstract: There is provided a node that includes radio circuitry that wirelessly connects to other devices in a wireless network using either a first radio configuration or a second radio configuration. Scan circuitry determines a first measurement related to using the radio circuitry to connect to an analysed device in the other devices in the first radio configuration and a second measurement related to using the radio circuitry to connect to the analysed device in the second radio configuration. Metric calculation circuitry calculates, for each device in the other devices, a metric, wherein each metric is calculated by applying a first weighting greater than zero to the first measurement obtained for that device and a second weighting greater than zero to the second measurement obtained for that device. Selection circuitry adapted to select one of the other devices in dependence on the metric calculated for each of the other devices.

Abstract: Asynchronous Global Positioning System (GPS) baseband processor architectures with a focus on minimizing power consumption. All subsystems run at their natural frequency without clocking and all signal processing is done on-the-fly.

Abstract: A portable computing device includes an antenna within its housing structure for wireless connectivity, where an upper partition of the housing structure is used to construct an antenna plane, and a ground plane is incorporated into a lower partition of the housing structure. In some cases, the antenna is capable of maintaining wireless connectivity over a wide frequency band. Some embodiments include a device mount external to the upper partition and the lower partition of the housing structure that enables mounting the portable computing device to another entity, such as a user. In some cases, the device mount is external to the antenna used by the portable computing device, and does not include any portions of the antenna.

Abstract: A measuring system comprises a model generation unit and a signal generator. The model generation unit is adapted to generate a signal model based upon received global navigation satellite system reception data. The signal generator is adapted to generate a measuring signal based upon the signal model and to supply a device under test with the measuring signal.

Abstract: The invention provides an atmospheric monitoring and measurement system based on the processing of global navigation satellite system radio-frequency signals. The invention is characterized by an open-loop demodulation architecture to extract amplitude and phase information from the received satellite signals, and a signal processing technique which can provide statistics relating to the amplitude and phase variations induced by the atmosphere.

Abstract: A method of measuring position information is provided. The method includes measuring position information including at least one of a position, a direction of movement, or a distance of movement of the electronic device by using a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) module, measuring at least one of the direction of movement, the distance of movement, or a change of speed of the electronic device by using at least one of a geomagnetic sensor or an accelerometer, calculating the position information based on the information measured by using the GNSS module, and the at least one of the direction of movement, the distance of movement, or the change of speed of the electronic device measured by using the at least one of the geomagnetic sensor or the accelerometer, and adjusting a position information measurement cycle using the GNSS module based on an error of the position information.

Abstract: A GNSS receiver comprising at least one processing device configured to, in at least one first process: group satellites into subsets for a first distribution, each satellite included in one subset, each subset includes at least one satellite and less than all satellites, at least one subset includes more than one satellite; store the first distribution in memory as primary distribution; calculate a protection level based on navigation sub-solutions calculated using the first distribution; determine whether a new distribution of satellites is needed; when new distribution is not needed, the processing device configured to recalculate the protection level based on second navigation sub-solutions calculated using the first distribution; when new distribution is needed, the processing device configured to: group satellites into subsets for a second distribution; store the second distribution in memory as the primary distribution; recalculate the protection level based on third navigation sub-solutions calculated

Abstract: A method for locating a body in the form of an object situated within a parking lot, the body including a communication interface for communicating via a wireless communication network, including the following steps: reception by the communication interface, via the wireless communication network, of position data of one or more vehicles traveling within the parking lot, the position data indicating a respective instantaneous position of the traveling vehicle or vehicles within the parking lot; location of the body within the parking lot based on the received position data. A corresponding device is also described. A method and a device for operating a vehicle traveling within a parking lot are also described. A body in the form of an object, a vehicle, and a computer program are also described.

Abstract: A method and device for determining a spatial position of a mobile unit, the spatial position being determined within a predefined orientation system, as a function of a predetermined number of parameters; a sufficiently known spatial position of the mobile unit being determined, using a subset of the predetermined number of parameters, as a function of operating state values, which represent the operating state of the mobile unit, and/or of surrounding-area values, which represent the surrounding area of the mobile unit.

Abstract: A method and system for conducting food item transactions at a sporting facility through peer-to-peer communications between a mobile food consumer and a food provider. The method and system provides a peer-to-peer network that enables peer-to-peer communications between a food consumer traversing a sporting facility, such as a golf course, and a food provider. The food consumer carries a mobile communication device having: a tracking unit, a microphone, and a speaker. Through, peer-to-peer communications, the food consumer inquires about food items, the food provider responds to the inquiry, and the consumer orders a desired food item. The position and speed of motion of the food consumer on the sporting facility is tracked through a satellite communication or communication network operable with the tracking unit. The food provider delivers the food item to the tracked position of the food consumer.

Abstract: An ARAIM subset selection method based on a BeiDou constellation includes: (a) deeming a current airspace as a two-dimensional plane and satellite distribution at some point as point distribution on the two-dimensional plane; (b) selecting coordinates of K satellites as original centroids, assigning each satellite to the closest original centroid by means of a K-Means algorithm to form K classification clusters, and recalculating a centroid of each classification cluster to obtain a centroid coordinate; (c) re-selecting the coordinates of the K satellites as the original centroids, repeating the calculation step (b) to calculate the sum of squared errors of the centroid obtained every time, and selecting the centroid with a minimum sum of squared errors as an output result; and (d) performing outlier detection on the output result of the step (c), and if an outlier appears, not performing fault assumption on a satellite at the outlier.

Abstract: Methods and systems for performing Precise Point Positioning (PPP) ambiguity resolution using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) triple frequency signals are described. In an embodiment, the method may include computing, using a processing device, an L1/L2 or L2/L5 wide-lane fractional bias model, in which the bias is split into one direction-independent and three direction-dependent bias components for each satellite. Additionally, the method may include resolving, using the processing device, PPP ambiguity using triple-frequency signals. The method may also include applying, using the processing device, a carrier smooth carrier function to resolve measurement noise. Resolving the PPP ambiguity may include fixing the L2/L5 wide-lane ambiguities in a geometry-free function. Additionally, resolving the PPP ambiguity may include fixing the L1/L2 wide-lane ambiguities in a geometry-based function.

Abstract: A navigation device for a vehicle includes a satellite antenna that receives a satellite signal from a satellite and a motion sensor that acquires motion information of the vehicle. A wireless communication module transmits location prediction information for predicting a location of the vehicle and receives an emulated-satellite signal from a server. A location estimating unit generates navigation information of the vehicle using at least one of the satellite signal and the emulated-satellite signal.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided to determine the stacking order of two or more roads that are vertically aligned with one another. In the context of a method, error statistics associated with probe points representative of travel along a first road are determined. In an instance in which the first road is vertically aligned with a second road, the method also includes determining whether one of the first or second roads passes beneath the other of the first or second roads based at least in part upon the error statistics associated with the probe points representative of travel along the first road. A corresponding apparatus and computer program product are also provided.

Abstract: Techniques described herein are directed to position determination of a user equipment (UE) in an asynchronous wireless network, such as a 4G or 5G network. In one embodiment, a base station measures real time differences (RTDs) to neighboring base stations and a Round Trip signal propagation Time (RTT) to the UE and receives Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) measurements from the UE, whereby a location of the UE is determined using the RTD measurements, RTT measurement and RSTD measurements. In other embodiments, the UE may obtain the RTT and RSTD measurements and may receive RTD measurements from a base station, whereby a location of the UE is determined by the UE or by a location server.

Abstract: A method of detecting a plasma depletion in the ionosphere includes comparing the large scale ionosphere trend with a local temporal slope of vertical or slant delay. In one example, the local temporal slope of delay is calculated phase data extracted from GPS signals at a GPS receiver, and the large scale trend is determined from broadcast ionosphere grid point delay data.

Abstract: Positioning, navigation, and timing (“PNT”) signals, such as those used in GNSS or LORAN systems, may be vulnerable to spoofing attacks. To generate trustworthy time and location data at a receiver, one must at least reduce the likelihood of or be capable of detecting spoofing attacks. Embodiments of the present invention, as presented herein, provide solutions for detecting spoofing of PNT signals. Various aspects incorporated into the described embodiments which assist in detecting spoofing attacks may include but are not limited to: monitoring the SNR of received PNT signals of a first modality and switching over to an alternate PNT modality when an anomaly is detected, comparing data associated with signals of multiple PNT modalities to identify a discrepancy indicative of spoofing on one of the multiple PNT modalities, and implementing a security regime to prevent spoofers from being able to produce perceivably authentic, but corrupt, replica signals of a PNT modality.

Abstract: A global positioning system (GPS) receiver and system for determining a geographical location associated with the GPS receiver using less than four GPS signals. The system can comprise a constraint module configured to receive one or more constraints that describe at least one characteristic of a GPS receiver when a number of GPS satellites within a line of sight to the GPS receiver is below a defined value. The system can further comprise a pseudo range calculation module configured to calculate a plurality of pseudo ranges between the GPS receiver and the number GPS satellites, wherein the plurality of pseudo ranges are to various orbital positions of the GPS satellites over a period of time; and a geographical location module configured to determine the geographical location of the GPS receiver using the plurality of pseudo ranges and known constraints of motion associated with the GPS receiver.