Including Polarized Signal Communication Transmitter Or Receiver Patents (Class 342/361)
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Patent number: 8094073Abstract: A system and method to normalize a tracking control signal in a directional antenna system to reduce interference from an interfering adjacent transponder is presented. The system and method scans for the tracking signal along a scan path to produce a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) signal, coherently detects an RSSI image from the RSSI signal, and performs a morphologic feature estimation of the RSSI signal image to produce and output a normalized tracking correction.Type: GrantFiled: February 16, 2009Date of Patent: January 10, 2012Assignee: The Boeing CompanyInventors: Larry A. Nelson, Thomas F. Coon
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Patent number: 8072369Abstract: A system and method for communication that could be used in an identification friend or foe system. The method comprises generating a first message by a processor and controlling a beam steerer to deflect transmitted waves toward a first angle. The method further comprises transmitting the first message through an antenna in communication with the beam steerer toward the spatial angle. The method further comprises controlling the beam steerer to deflect waves received from the spatial angle. The method further comprises receiving a responsive wave at the antenna through the beam steerer at the spatial angle, the responsive wave including a second message responsive to the first message.Type: GrantFiled: November 13, 2009Date of Patent: December 6, 2011Assignee: BAE Systems Information and Electronic Systems Integration Inc.Inventor: Raymond J. Lackey
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Patent number: 8035561Abstract: A communication apparatus communicating other apparatuses includes: a switch for switching between a vertical polarized antenna and a horizontal polarized antenna; a communication device for transmitting and receiving the electric wave via one of the antennas, which is selected by the switch; a monitor for monitoring a relative distance between the apparatus and other apparatuses; and a controller for controlling the switch such that the switch selects the vertical polarized antenna when the relative distance is equal to or larger than a distance threshold, and the switch selects the horizontal polarized antenna when the relative distance is smaller than the distance threshold. The distance threshold is larger than a distance between the apparatus and a dip point.Type: GrantFiled: May 29, 2009Date of Patent: October 11, 2011Assignees: DENSO CORPORATION, Nippon Soken, Inc.Inventors: Tooru Yamazaki, Yuji Sugimoto
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Patent number: 8010062Abstract: A multiple frequency antenna array includes a first antenna circuit and a second antenna circuit. The first antenna circuit has a first radiation pattern and is tuned to a first carrier frequency. The first antenna circuit transmits a first representation of a radio frequency (RF) signal at the first carrier frequency, where the first carrier frequency corresponds to a carrier frequency of the RF signal and a first frequency offset. The second antenna circuit has a second radiation pattern and is tuned to a second carrier frequency. The second antenna circuit transmits a second representation of the RF signal at the second carrier frequency, where the second carrier frequency corresponds to the carrier frequency of the RF signal and a second frequency offset.Type: GrantFiled: November 6, 2009Date of Patent: August 30, 2011Assignee: Broadcom CorporationInventor: Ahmadreza (Reza) Rofougaran
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Patent number: 7986260Abstract: Circularly-polarized antennas and their methods of use for active holographic imaging through barriers. The antennas are dielectrically loaded to optimally match the dielectric constant of the barrier through which images are to be produced. The dielectric loading helps to remove barrier-front surface reflections and to couple electromagnetic energy into the barrier.Type: GrantFiled: February 18, 2009Date of Patent: July 26, 2011Assignee: Battelle Memorial InstituteInventors: Douglas L McMakin, Ronald H Severtsen, Wayne M Lechelt, James M Prince
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Patent number: 7969357Abstract: This invention concerns a system (1) for electronically aligning the polarisation of an antenna (2;2b) with the polarisation of a signal received therein or transmitted therefrom, said signal having two mutually orthogonal components, namely a vertical component (Cv) and a horizontal component (Co).Type: GrantFiled: March 20, 2008Date of Patent: June 28, 2011Assignee: Space Engineering SpAInventors: Pasquale Russo, Alfredo Catalani, Franco Di Paolo, Marzia Migliorelli
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Publication number: 20110115674Abstract: A system and method for communication that could be used in an interrogate friend or foe system. The method comprises generating a first message by a processor and controlling a beam steerer to transmit waves polarized in a first polarization-direction toward a first spatial angle. The method further comprises transmitting the first message through an antenna in communication with the beam steerer toward the first spatial angle. The method further comprises receiving the first message at a target through a second antenna and generating a second message responsive to the first message by a second processor in communication with the second antenna. The method further comprises transmitting the second message in a responsive wave through the second antenna, the responsive wave polarized in a second polarization-direction distinct from the first polarization-direction; and receiving the responsive wave at the first antenna through the beam steerer.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 13, 2009Publication date: May 19, 2011Applicant: BAE Systems Information and Electronic Systems Integration Inc.Inventor: Raymond J. Lackey
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Publication number: 20110115673Abstract: A system and method for communication that could be used in an identification friend or foe system. The method comprises generating a first message by a processor and controlling a beam steerer to deflect transmitted waves toward a first angle. The method further comprises transmitting the first message through an antenna in communication with the beam steerer toward the spatial angle. The method further comprises controlling the beam steerer to deflect waves received from the spatial angle. The method further comprises receiving a responsive wave at the antenna through the beam steerer at the spatial angle, the responsive wave including a second message responsive to the first message.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 13, 2009Publication date: May 19, 2011Applicant: BAE Systems Information and Electronics Systems Integration Inc.Inventor: Raymond J. Lackey
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Publication number: 20110050487Abstract: Systems and methods for tracking a remote source and monitoring and controlling the angular orientation of an antenna array, including a first antenna portion and a second antenna portion, are provided, including a sum-difference structure coupled to a first output of the first antenna portion and a second output of the second antenna portion, where the sum-difference structure provides both a sum power signal and a difference power signal, and where both the sum power signal and the difference power signal have associated RSSI values generated by an RSSI circuit. Systems and methods provided herein further include a sum-delta processor configured to utilize the RSSI values to generate an off-bore-sight angle of the antenna array relative to a position of a transmitting radiofrequency signal source.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 19, 2010Publication date: March 3, 2011Inventors: Arsen Melconian, Steven Gregory Ow, Daniel Lawrence Cordell, Amedeo Antonio Mazzilli
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Publication number: 20110006948Abstract: The present invention concerns an antenna system (100) intended to be embarked on an aircraft, comprising a phase-control array antenna (110) made up of a plurality of polarization-controlled elementary antennas (120), connected to at least one beamformer (151, 152), comprising: a calculator (160) adapted to calculate phase offset values (?V, ?H) and attenuation coefficients (?V, ?H) from position and attitude information of the aircraft, coordinates of a telecommunications satellite and polarization characteristics of a transponder of said satellite; a polarization control means (130) using said phase offset values and the attenuation coefficients to control the polarization of said elementary antennas.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 2, 2008Publication date: January 13, 2011Applicant: AXESS EUROPE S.A.Inventors: Pierre Larregle, Thomas Paillot
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Patent number: 7839314Abstract: In a satellite radio navigation receiver receiving a transmitted radio navigation signal, a method of removing I/Q-mismatches in the received signal, comprising: resolving the received signal into I and Q signal component, and providing them as inputs to a demixing stage which removes unwanted signals, the demixing stage including first and second cross-coupled adaptive filters, whose coefficients are updated by the outputs of the demixing stage, the outputs of the demixing stage representing an IQ mismatch corrected signal. The coefficients are updated only by the polarity values of the outputs, resulting in great simplification. The receiver may be a zero-IF or low-IF receiver, and may operate on time domain or frequency domain signals.Type: GrantFiled: February 14, 2007Date of Patent: November 23, 2010Assignee: University of WestminsterInventors: Ediz Cetin, Izzet Kale, Richard Charles Spicer Morling, Andrew Graham Dempster
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Patent number: 7808427Abstract: A radar system comprises a first transmit/receive module for a first frequency band and a first polarization, a second transmit/receive module for the first frequency band and a second polarization orthogonal to the first polarization, a third transmit/receive module for a second frequency band and the first polarization, a fourth transmit/receive module for the second frequency band and the second polarization orthogonal to the first polarization, a first plurality of splitter/combiners to receive outputs from the first and second transmit/receive modules, a second plurality of splitter/combiners to receive outputs from the third and fourth transmit/receive modules, a plurality of lens phase shifter pairs to receive outputs from the first plurality of splitter/combiners, a plurality of diplexers to receive signals from the plurality of lens phase shifter pairs and from the second plurality of splitter/combiners, and, a radiator assembly including a series of radiator elements coupled to the plurality of diplType: GrantFiled: May 28, 2009Date of Patent: October 5, 2010Assignee: Raytheon CompanyInventors: Michael G. Sarcione, Daniel F. Rypysc, Kaichiang Chang, Jeffrey R. Holley, Landon L. Rowland
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Patent number: 7800538Abstract: A power-combining system and method for generating a high-power coherent wavefront are generally described herein. Other embodiments may be described and claimed. The power-combining system comprises a combining-radiating assembly having a plurality of ports. Phase controllers generate signals with a predetermined phase shift for an associated one of the ports. Pluralities of coherent sources receive signals from an associated one of the phase controllers and to provide the signals to an associated port of the combining-radiating assembly with the predetermined phase shifts. Energy from the ports is coherently combined and radiated to provide a coherent high-power wavefront. In some embodiments, the combining-radiating assembly comprises a conductive patch having a plurality of ports spaced uniformly around the patch. In these embodiments, energy from the ports is coherently combined and radiated by the patch to provide the coherent high-power wavefront.Type: GrantFiled: October 27, 2006Date of Patent: September 21, 2010Assignee: Raytheon CompanyInventors: David D. Crouch, David J. Canich, Kenneth A. Nicoles, Alan A. Rattray
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Publication number: 20100060520Abstract: A receiver device and method of receiving a plurality of signals are provided, wherein the receiver device includes at least one antenna element and circuitry in communication with the at least one antenna element. The at least one antenna element is configured to receive at least a first signal having a first polarization and a second signal having a second polarization, wherein the first polarization is different than the second polarization. The circuitry is configured to process and emit an output based upon at least one of the received first and second signals, wherein the first signal is received at a first reception elevation angle with respect to the at least one antenna element that is greater than a second reception elevation angle of the second signal with respect to the at least one antenna element, and the first and second signals are transmitted at substantially the same frequency.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 9, 2008Publication date: March 11, 2010Inventors: Glenn A. Walker, Daniel G. Morris
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Publication number: 20100045510Abstract: A system for accurate automatic satellite acquisition by a portable satellite terminal. The system includes a software program that coordinates inputs from several measurement aids to control antenna position. These aids include a GPS receiver, antenna azimuth, elevation and polarization angle sensors, and the terminal's modem, DVB receiver and spectrum analyzer, which contains a beacon detector also serving as Receive Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI). For satellite recognition, the spectral analysis and RSSI function are complemented by the lock/unlock indications provided by the modem and the DVB receiver. Under the control of the software program, the modem, DVB receiver and spectrum analyzer, in conjunction with an extensive database of satellites and their signal characteristics, provide the means for reliable validation of final alignment.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 25, 2006Publication date: February 25, 2010Applicant: NORSAT INTERNATIONAL INC.Inventors: Jason Lopez, Glen Dwornik, Petrus Bezuidenhout, Michael Schefter, Stanislav Kouzmine, Sasa Trajkovic
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Publication number: 20100045515Abstract: A communications system and method thereof are provided, wherein the system includes a first receiver. The first receiver includes at least one antenna element configured to receive the first signal having a first polarization, and a combiner in communication with the at least one antenna element, wherein the combiner enhances the first signal and minimizes a second signal having a second polarization that is different than the first polarization of the first signal, such that an output is emitted by the first receiver based upon the received first signal. The first receiver further includes a beam steerer in communication with the combiner, wherein the beam steerer is configured to steer an antenna beam of the at least one antenna element in order to minimize reflection of the second signal, such that the second polarization of the second signal remains different than the first polarization of the first signal.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 21, 2008Publication date: February 25, 2010Inventors: Glenn A. Walker, Daniel G. Morris
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Patent number: 7663544Abstract: An antenna system for sharing of operation employs contiguous transmit frequencies. Transmit frequencies are separated into non-contiguous sub-groups isolated from one another by filters 158(+) and 160(?) associated with positive and negative polarization. Received frequencies are filtered and split into five signals for input to base station receive ports. Non-contiguous transmit frequency sub-groups are combined by a quadrature hybrid 110 and pass with 90 degree relative phase shift to mutually orthogonal antenna stack ports P(+) and P(?) associated with orthogonally polarized sets of antenna elements AS(+) and AS(?): the ports P(+) and P(?) are isolated from one another by the hybrid 110. The 90 degree phase shift results in one transmit subgroup being radiated with left hand circular polarization and the other transmit subgroup being radiated with right hand circular polarization.Type: GrantFiled: June 19, 2006Date of Patent: February 16, 2010Assignee: Quintel Technology LimitedInventors: Louis David Thomas, Philip Edward Haskell
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Patent number: 7596354Abstract: A mechanism that enables a gateway to dynamically determine which of two transmission signal polarizations is best received by a wireless communication device having a nominally linear antenna. A first pilot and second pilot signals, having different polarizations and orthogonally encoded, are transmitted to the communication device. The communication device determines the relative or absolute signal strengths of the first and second pilot signals and transmits this information to the gateway. The gateway then selects the polarization having the strongest associated signal strength to transmit content-bearing signals to the communication device. Alternatively, the communication device may also determine the phase difference between the first and second pilot signals and transmit this information to the gateway.Type: GrantFiled: December 12, 2005Date of Patent: September 29, 2009Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.Inventor: Leonard Norman Schiff
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Patent number: 7590191Abstract: The invention describes a technique for reusing radio frequencies, i.e., transmitting two signals on the same frequency at the same time. A signal is transmitted on one frequency in one pole. A second signal in the same frequency band is transmitted on one polarity and its inverse is transmitted on the opposite polarity. By using an antenna that receives equally both polarities of the second signal and the first signal, the two inverse signals cancel out, and the second signal can be received and detected. This signal is suitable for use in mobile applications. By using an antenna with the feed polarity aligned with the polarity of the second signal, and only receiving one polarity, the second signal can be received and detected. This is suited for fixed antenna sites, thus accomplishing frequency reuse.Type: GrantFiled: May 1, 2006Date of Patent: September 15, 2009Inventor: Nigel Macrae
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Patent number: 7525485Abstract: Certain embodiments for antenna geometry for multiple antenna handsets may include receiving RF signals via a patch antenna coupled to a signal processing circuitry within a mobile terminal. The signal processing circuitry may process the RF signals, comprising at least one of a plurality of polarizations that are received by the patch antenna. The patch antenna may be a dual-polarized antenna, and may comprise a plurality of ports. RF signals at a first of the plurality of ports may be orthogonally polarized with respect to RF signals at a second of the plurality of ports. The patch antenna may be optimized to receive multiple RF bands. Each of the multiple RF bands may be communicated via different ports to be processed.Type: GrantFiled: January 10, 2006Date of Patent: April 28, 2009Assignee: Broadcom CorporationInventor: Pieter van Rooyen
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Publication number: 20090088082Abstract: Exemplary embodiments include methods and systems for receiving a signal at a monitoring station, determining a transmit cross-polarization isolation value and/or 1 dB gain compression point based at least in part on the signal having one or more polarities; and outputting at about real-time the determination of the transmit cross-polarization isolation value and/or the 1 dB gain compression point to a user.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 28, 2007Publication date: April 2, 2009Applicant: MCI COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES, INC.Inventor: Jesse Paul SIGMUND
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Patent number: 7493143Abstract: According to a disclosed embodiment, a first plurality of pilot signals of a first polarization is received and ranked. Subsequently, a second plurality of pilot signals of a second polarization is received and ranked. Following, a pilot signal from the first and second pluralities of pilot signals is selected based on a signal quality measurement such as a signal to interference ratio. Moreover, a system can be constructed comprising antennas configured to receive pilot signals of a first and a second polarization. The system further comprises a receiver configured to demodulate the pilot signals and a CPU configured to rank the pilot signals and to select a pilot signal based on a signal quality measurement. Communication quality is improved by communicating with the base transceiver station transmitting the pilot signal providing the highest signal quality measurement.Type: GrantFiled: May 7, 2001Date of Patent: February 17, 2009Assignee: QUALCOMM IncorporatedInventor: Ahmad Jalali
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Patent number: 7477921Abstract: Substantial improvements in frequency reuse in microwave communications systems is achieved by canceling co-channel interference and transmitter leakage. Interferometric beam-narrowing reduces beamwidth without reducing peak magnitude of the beam pattern. Frequency-dependent beam-shaping compensates for frequency-dependent distortions of the beam pattern thereby improving bandwidth. A spatial demultiplexing technique utilizes spatial gain distributions of received signals to separate signals, even from co-located transmit sources, and uses microwave lensing to enhance received spatial gain distributions. Predetermined cross-polarization interference is used to separate differently-polarized receive signals. A reference branch provides a cancellation signal to a receiver to cancel transmitter leakage signals. An error signal controls an impedance-compensation circuit that is responsive to changes in antenna impedance but not to receive signals.Type: GrantFiled: October 15, 2007Date of Patent: January 13, 2009Assignee: Lot 42 Acquisition Foundation, LLCInventor: Steve J. Shattil
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Publication number: 20080316085Abstract: An apparatus a transmitter section, a receiver section, and a processing module. The transmitter section transmits a plurality of high carrier frequency beamformed signals in a loop manner until a desired number of signals has been transmitted. The receiver section receives the plurality of high carrier frequency beamformed signals and determines reception properties of the plurality of high carrier frequency beamformed signals. The processing module determines at least one of: reflection, absorption, refraction, and pass through based on the reception properties. The processing module then distinguishes an animate entity from an inanimate entity based on the at least one of the reflection, absorption, refraction, and pass through. The processing module then determines position of the animate entity within a given physical area.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 29, 2008Publication date: December 25, 2008Applicant: Broadcom CorporationInventors: AHMADREZA (REZA) ROFOUGARAN, Maryam Rofougaran, Nambirajan Seshadri
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Patent number: 7454242Abstract: A tissue-sensing adaptive radar method of detecting tumours in breast tissue uses microwave backscattering to detect tumours which have different electrical properties than healthy breast tissue. The method includes steps for reducing skin reflections and for constructing a three-dimensional image using synthetic focusing which shows the presence or absence of microwave reflecting tissues.Type: GrantFiled: September 17, 2004Date of Patent: November 18, 2008Inventors: Elise Fear, Michal Okoniewski, Maria Stuchly
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Publication number: 20080218412Abstract: The present invention provides methods and apparatus for MIMO communications across wireless fixed links, comprising a first pair of dual polar antennas, spaced apart in a direction orthogonal to the direction of the fixed link for transmission, and a second such pair for reception, wherein orthogonal polarisations of one of each pair of antennas are oriented intermediate between the orthogonal polarisations of the other of each pair of antennas.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 23, 2007Publication date: September 11, 2008Applicant: ROKE Manor Research LimitedInventor: Stephen William Wales
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Publication number: 20080204318Abstract: An antenna system for sharing of operation employs contiguous transmit frequencies. Transmit frequencies are separated into non-contiguous sub-groups isolated from one another by filters 158(+) and 160(?) associated with positive and negative polarisation. Received frequencies are filtered and split into five signals for input to base station receive ports. Non-contiguous transmit frequency sub-groups are combined by a quadrature hybrid 110 and pass with 90 degree relative phase shift to mutually orthogonal antenna stack ports P(+) and P(?) associated with orthogonally polarised sets of antenna elements AS(+) and AS(?): the ports P(+) and P(?) are isolated from one another by the hybrid 110. The 90 degree phase shift results in one transmit subgroup being radiated with left hand circular polarisation and the other transmit subgroup being radiated with right hand circular polarisation.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 19, 2006Publication date: August 28, 2008Inventors: Louis David Thomas, Philip Edward Haskell
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Publication number: 20080150799Abstract: In one embodiment, a polarization control system for an antenna array comprises a number of first and second antenna elements and a beam forming network. The first antenna elements have a direction of polarization that is different from a direction of polarization of the second antenna elements. The beam forming network, which is coupled to the first and second antenna elements, is operable to provide a second signal to a first subset of the plurality of first antenna elements that is different from a first signal that is provided to the other first antenna elements and provide a third signal to a second subset of the second antenna elements that is different from the first signal that is provided to the other second antenna elements.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 21, 2006Publication date: June 26, 2008Inventors: Christian O. Hemmi, James S. Mason
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Patent number: 7391380Abstract: A telecommunication device has a permanently mounted antenna tuned to a predetermined resonant frequency and a housing formed of a plurality of parts one of which is removable. The one removable part, which may be an original element or an aftermarket add-on, changes the resonant frequency of the antenna when fitted to the housing. An electrically conductive passive correction element fixed in the one removable housing part is positioned therein and dimensioned such that when the one removable housing part is fitted to the housing the passive correction element cancels out the effect on the resonant frequency of the antenna by the one removable housing part.Type: GrantFiled: January 18, 2007Date of Patent: June 24, 2008Assignee: Lumberg Connect GmbH & Co. KGInventor: Peter Nevermann
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Publication number: 20080129594Abstract: Methods and systems for exploiting orthogonal antenna polarizations which restore MIMO capability to an otherwise single path link are disclosed. Disclosed dual-polarization antennae and antennae arrays create two orthogonally polarized independent channels of communication which are transmitted and received by similar dual-polarization antennae, taking advantage of the fact that orthogonally polarized electromagnetic waves travel independently and can be used as independent communication channels. Transmitters and receivers comprising such dual-polarization antennae behave as if two independent communication channels are available in the same line-of-sight link, allowing a doubling of the bandwidth and providing a way to exploit MIMO in outdoor and other line-of-sight communication links.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 30, 2006Publication date: June 5, 2008Inventors: Robert J. Pera, Thomas J. Birnbaum
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Patent number: 7378914Abstract: Embodiments of High-Power Millimeter-Wave Oscillators are generally described herein. Other embodiments may be described and claimed. In some embodiments, the oscillator includes a polarized partial reflector to at least partially reflect back signals to a reflection array amplifier to help induce oscillation by individual sub-array amplifier elements of the reflection array amplifier. In some other embodiments, the oscillator includes a phase-graded polarization-sensitive reflection plate to at least partially reflect back signals to the reflection array amplifier to help induce an oscillation by the sub-array amplifier elements. In some embodiments, the oscillator includes a reflector and a phase-graded polarized reflection-transmission plate to at least partially pass through signals to the reflector for reflection back to the reflection array amplifier to help induce an oscillation by the sub-array amplifier elements.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 2006Date of Patent: May 27, 2008Assignee: Raytheon CompanyInventors: James R. Gallivan, Kenneth W. Brown
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Publication number: 20080111740Abstract: Disclosed is a radio communication system for performing MIMO transmission including: a first radio communication apparatus including an array antenna in which a plurality of first antennas each having two orthogonally polarized wave characteristics are arranged in an array configuration at predetermined intervals; and a second radio communication apparatus including a plurality of second antennas each having a polarized wave characteristic which are intermediate in angle between the two orthogonally polarized wave characteristics, the plurality of second antennas being arranged at predetermined interval, wherein the first radio communication apparatus forms a directional beam using the array antenna and performs the MIMO transmission using the two orthogonally polarized wave characteristics. The array antenna may be formed by using a plurality of antennas having a right-handed circularly polarized wave characteristic and a left-handed circularly polarized wave characteristic.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 30, 2007Publication date: May 15, 2008Inventor: Masashi Hirabe
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Patent number: 7340001Abstract: Systems and methods are described for multidimensional signal modulation and/or demodulation for data communications. A method includes modulating a carrier signal in a first domain selected from the group consisting of phase, frequency, amplitude, polarization and spread; modulating the carrier signal in a second domain selected from the group consisting of phase, frequency, amplitude, polarization and spread; and modulating the carrier signal in a third domain selected from the group consisting of phase, frequency, amplitude, polarization and spread.Type: GrantFiled: December 3, 2003Date of Patent: March 4, 2008Assignee: UT-Battelle LLCInventors: Stephen F. Smith, William B. Dress
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Patent number: 7269223Abstract: The present invention is a digital communication method that increases the overall throughput of a Multiuser Detection (MUD)-based co-channel multiple access (MA) system in terms of the total number of bits transmitted through the shared medium by all the users of the MA system if signals are allowed to interfere. The total number of users can be increased if more dimensions are used for assigning the transmitted signals and the same dimensions are measured at the receiver. Specifically, the present invention does not require any coordination among transmitters but simply requires a transmitter to send its signal with either a randomly chosen polarization ellipse, or an assigned or randomly chosen amplitude level.Type: GrantFiled: April 16, 2003Date of Patent: September 11, 2007Assignee: BAE Systems Information and Electronic Systems Integration Inc.Inventors: Rachel E. Learned, Matthew A. Taylor, Robert B. MacLeod
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Patent number: 7262729Abstract: A radar system having a processor, a waveform generator, a plurality of antenna interfaces, a set of first antennas configured to transmit a waveform, and a set of second antennas configured to receive a reflected waveform is disclosed. The waveform generator and antenna interfaces are in control and signal communication with the processor, each of the first antennas are in signal communication with one of each antenna interface, and each of the second antennas are in signal communication with one of each antenna interface. The waveform generator is in control and signal communication with each antenna interface, and is configurable to generate a waveform conforming to at least two ISM bands. Each first antenna is configured to transmit a circularly polarized electromagnetic waveform, and each second antenna is configured to receive a reflected circularly polarized electromagnetic waveform complementary to the first antennas.Type: GrantFiled: June 19, 2006Date of Patent: August 28, 2007Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: John Erik Hershey, Ralph Thomas Hoctor, David Michael Davenport, Jeffrey Michael Ashe, Richard Louis Frey, Kenneth Brakeley Welles, V. Paul Staudinger, Harold W. Tomlinson, Jr.
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Patent number: 7199753Abstract: A method of calibrating a receive only, phased array antenna in its operating environment. Two transmit signals of different but unknown polarizations are used to calibrate the receive only antenna array, and the receive element locations and polarizations are accurately known. The method determines the complex weights on the antenna elements and the magnitude of the vertical and horizontal components of the calibration signal in the presence of multi-path signals as well as standard noise. Two different methods for calibrating are provided. A first method uses combinations of three elements to determine the calibration constants using small matrices and then averaging all the possible results for each element, and a second method solves for the calibration constants for all elements at one time using a singular value decomposition, but requires the manipulation of large, sparse matrices.Type: GrantFiled: June 16, 2005Date of Patent: April 3, 2007Assignee: Raytheon CompanyInventor: Barbara E. Pauplis
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Patent number: 7196654Abstract: A vehicle positioning and tracking radar system includes a rotating antenna with a pair of spatially separated transmit feeds for simultaneously transmitting a pair of frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) electromagnetic signals having a first polarisation and a pair of spatially separated receive feeds for receiving an electromagnetic signal having a second polarisation, wherein the first and second polarisations are different from one another, such that the transmit feed and receive feed at the rotating antenna are isolated from each other; and a coded modulated transponder receives transmit signals from the rotating antenna with the first polarization and transmits a receive signal to the rotating antenna with the second polarization.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 2004Date of Patent: March 27, 2007Assignee: Guidance Navigation LimitedInventors: David John Edwards, Dominic Robert Pearce, Jan Grothusen
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Patent number: 7167123Abstract: Method and apparatus for detecting objects. In one embodiment, a person entering a secured zone is illuminated with low-power polarized radio waves. Differently polarized waves which are reflected back from the person are collected. Concealed weapons are detected by measuring various parameters of the reflected signals and then calculating various selected differences between them. These differences create patterns when plotted as a function of time. Preferably a trained neural network pattern recognition program is then used to evaluate these patterns and autonomously render a decision on the presence of a weapon.Type: GrantFiled: November 24, 2004Date of Patent: January 23, 2007Assignee: Safe Zone Systems, Inc.Inventors: Jerry Hausner, Jonathan M. West
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Patent number: 7130605Abstract: A method is provided for realizing, in a radio transmission system, a carrier synchronization and for cancelling one or more co-channel interfering signals from a received main signal, in which a synchronous down-conversion of the received main signal and of each of the interfering signal is performed to obtain respective intermediate frequency signals; and then a synchronous demodulation of the intermediate frequency signals so obtained is carried out.Type: GrantFiled: February 25, 2003Date of Patent: October 31, 2006Assignee: AlcatelInventors: Roberto Valtolina, Roberto Pellizzoni, Morena Ferrario, Arnaldo Spalvieri
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Patent number: 7123941Abstract: A radio LAN master station system which provides long distance communication and suffers from small interference by another system located inside and/or outside of a service area comprises a transceiver, and a plurality of directional antennas each directed to a respective section with some angular spacing, through a power distributor which couples said transceiver with said antennas. Polarization plane of any antenna is orthogonal to polarization plane of an adjacent antenna.Type: GrantFiled: February 27, 2002Date of Patent: October 17, 2006Assignee: KDDI R&D Laboratories Inc.Inventors: Tadayuki Fukuhara, Hiroyasu Ishikawa, Takayuki Warabino, Naoki Fuke, Keizo Sugiyama, Hideyuki Shinonaga
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Patent number: 7113748Abstract: The present invention provides a method of controlling a plurality of beam patterns radiated by a base station in a wireless communication system. The method includes receiving at least one signal from a mobile station at the base station, determining estimated attributes of the at least one signal received by the base station. Smoothed versions of the estimated attributes are calculated in accordance with a predetermined set of criteria are calculated. A set of weighted signal parameters are generated to describe a polarization state of the at least one signal received from the mobile station. The generated weighed signal parameters are applied to a signal transmitted by the base station such that the transmitted signal substantially matches the polarization state of the at least one signal from the mobile station.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 2001Date of Patent: September 26, 2006Assignee: Celletra Ltd.Inventors: Joseph Shapira, David Levy, Shmuel Miller
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Patent number: 7106269Abstract: A relative phase shift is induced in the signals of a pair of identical orthogonal antennas such that when the signals are combined the signals are 90 degrees out of phase. This is done in order to eliminate the null along the axis between the two dipole moments of the antennas such that the system has equally good reception from all azimuth angles over a broad range of frequencies. The phase shift is accomplished with the use of single pole operational amplifier circuits whose pole frequencies are adjusted by means of a potentiometer prior to implementation of the antenna system.Type: GrantFiled: February 18, 2005Date of Patent: September 12, 2006Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventor: David A. Tonn
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Patent number: 7084829Abstract: A signal receiving system includes a variable directivity antenna having its directivity varied in accordance with a control signal applied thereto. A control signal generator generating the control signal is provided in a receiving apparatus. The receiving apparatus includes also a modulator operating to ASK (amplitude-shift-keying) modulate a carrier with the control signal from the control signal generator into an ASK modulated signal. The ASK modulated signal is applied through a transmission line to the variable directivity antenna, and a controller associated with the variable directivity antenna demodulates the ASK modulated signal to recover the control signal for use in varying the directivity of the variable directivity antenna.Type: GrantFiled: March 9, 2004Date of Patent: August 1, 2006Assignee: DX Antenna Company, LimitedInventors: Toshiaki Shirosaka, Toshio Fujita, Kiyotaka Tatekawa, Shingo Fujisawa
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Patent number: 7072611Abstract: A modular cellular wireless communication base station includes a plurality of active radiator modules located at a desired antenna location. Each module includes at least one antenna, a transmitter, and a receiver. A beam forming network controls relative amplitudes and phases of each of the modules. An RF front end transmits over a low power link with the active radiator modules via the beam forming network and receives over the low power link via a low noise amplifier. A delay diversity module provides a transmission CDMA delay diversity.Type: GrantFiled: August 20, 2003Date of Patent: July 4, 2006Assignee: Celletra Ltd.Inventor: Joseph Shapira
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Patent number: 7031374Abstract: A RAKE receiver with demodulating fingers is presented having the capability to assign a specific sample stream, from among a plurality of received sample streams, to any of the demodulating fingers. The demodulating finger includes a MUX to receive the plurality of sample streams. Commands from a controller to the MUX of a demodulating finger select a specific sample stream to be demodulated by that demodulating finger. Since each demodulating finger receives all the sample streams, and any sample stream can be selected, the receiver has the flexibility of optimally varying the assignment of demodulating fingers to sample streams. A method for selecting a sample stream for demodulation, from among a plurality of sample streams, is also provided.Type: GrantFiled: October 6, 2000Date of Patent: April 18, 2006Assignee: Texas Instruments IncorporatedInventor: John G. McDonough
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Patent number: 7023380Abstract: A simple RF system tracks a missile, bullet or artillery round and determines the instantaneous attitude of the spinning projectile while in flight. The system is particularly useful in command-guided weapons systems where line-of-sight is maintained from the launch platform to the target. The system includes a first pair of linearly polarized transmit antennas spaced apart on the projectile for transmitting a signal and a harmonic of that signal. A receiver on the launch platform determines the roll angle and either the yaw or pitch angle from the received signals. To determine the remaining angle, either the receiver samples the received signals ninety degrees out of phase or a second pair of transmit antennas are mounted on the projectile, preferably ninety degrees from the first pair, for transmitting another pair of harmonic signals.Type: GrantFiled: February 20, 2004Date of Patent: April 4, 2006Assignee: Raytheon CompanyInventor: Arthur J. Schneider
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Patent number: 7015857Abstract: Calibrating an antenna includes receiving a signal sent from a reference located within a region. The signal has a polarization within an expected polarization range. Polarization value sets are established in accordance with the expected polarization range. Polarization ratios are generated from the plurality of polarization value sets. A minimum polarization ratio variance for the plurality of polarization ratios is established. A polarization value set corresponding to the minimum polarization ratio variance is identified. A calibration correction is determined in accordance with the identified polarization value set.Type: GrantFiled: October 20, 2004Date of Patent: March 21, 2006Assignee: Raytheon CompanyInventor: Jerome H. Pozgay
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Patent number: 7003324Abstract: A base station apparatus may include a plurality of antenna element groups that each have a plurality of antenna elements arranged in a vertical direction. A reception weight combining section generates a combined signal for each antenna element group by multiplying a signal received by each antenna element of the group with a weight and combining the weighted signals of the antenna element group. A selection section measures reception power of the combined signal for each antenna element group and selects an antenna element group based on the measured reception powers. A transmission weight combining section multiplies a transmit signal with a weight applied by the reception weight combining section to a signal received by an antenna element of the selected antenna element group, and a diversity transmission section transmits the transmit signal from the selected antenna element group.Type: GrantFiled: December 19, 2001Date of Patent: February 21, 2006Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Inventor: Katsuhiko Hiramatsu
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Patent number: 6982681Abstract: The apparatus for detecting electromagnetic radiation (300), in particular for radio astronomic applications, comprises a receiving element (10), and a plurality of reflecting elements (20) forming a surface (30), capable of receiving the electro-magnetic radiation (300) and to direct it at the receiving element (10) The apparatus (1) further comprises a plurality of actuators (40) used to vary the position of the reflecting elements (20) and a plurality of smart circuit blocks (60), each designed to receive as input a control signal (loo) from a processing unit (50) and to generate as output a corresponding displacement parameter (101) used by an actuator (40) to position the reflecting elements (20) connected to it.Type: GrantFiled: January 9, 2003Date of Patent: January 3, 2006Assignee: C.N.R. Consiglio Nazionale Delle RichercheInventors: Alessandro Orfei, Juri Roda, Giampaolo Zacchiroli, Giuseppe Maccaferri, Marco Morsiani
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Patent number: 6961016Abstract: Estimating an antenna pointing error includes receiving a signal sent from a reference located within a region. A polarization ratio is evaluated over the region. A minimum polarization ratio variance for the polarization ratio is established. A location corresponding to the minimum polarization ratio variance is identified. An antenna pointing error is estimated from the identified location.Type: GrantFiled: October 20, 2004Date of Patent: November 1, 2005Assignee: Raytheon CompanyInventor: Jerome H. Pozgay