Abstract: This disclosure provides systems and methods for routing and topology management of computer networks with steerable beam antennas. A network controller can generate an input graph for a first time period. The input graph can have a plurality of vertices each representing a respective moving node and a plurality of edges each representing a possible link between a pair of moving nodes. The input graph also can include corresponding location information for each of the moving nodes during the first time period. A solver module can receive information corresponding to the input graph, a maximum degree for each vertex in the input graph, and a set of provisioned network flows. The solver module can determine a subgraph representing a network topology based on the input graph, the maximum degree for each vertex in the input graph, and the set of provisioned network flows, such that a number of edges associated with each vertex in the subgraph does not exceed the maximum degree for each vertex.

Abstract: An intermediate signal is separated into a first sub-signal and a second sub-signal according to a separation coefficient having a known real value. The first sub-signal is delivered to a first photonic circuit containing at least one photonic device to be characterized and a first photonic part. The second sub-signal is delivered to a second photonic circuit containing a second photonic part having a same transfer function as the first photonic part but lacking the at least one photonic device. Optical output signals from the first and second photonic circuits are converted into first and second electrical signals. Losses of the at least one photonic device are determined from processing the electrical signals and from the known real value of the separation coefficient.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided to simultaneously determine both angle of arrival (AoA) and angle of departure (AoD) of a signal transmitted between two or more radio frequency (RF)-enabled wireless devices (e.g., such as BLE modules). The disclosed systems and methods may be so implemented in one embodiment to determine AoD even in the case where the transmitting wireless device is at the same time operating in a departure (or AoD) transmitting mode by transmitting a RF signal from multiple antenna elements of at least one switched antenna array using a given switching pattern or sequence implemented by an array switch.

Abstract: A system for self-interference cancellation includes a frequency downconverter that decomposes a sampled RF transmit signal into an in-phase transmit signal and a quadrature transmit signal; a first analog vector modulator that scales the transmit signals to generate first scaled transmit signals; a second analog vector modulator that scales delayed transmit signals to generate second scaled transmit signals; a frequency upconverter that recomposes the scaled transmit signals into an RF self-interference cancellation signal; and a receive coupler that that combines the RF self-interference cancellation signal with a RF receive signal to reduce self-interference.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for detecting obstruction of a device's antenna(s) and then changing an operation of the device. A transmission time at which an antenna of an electronic device transmitted a signal can be identified. A response signal can be detected that was received at a receiver of the electronic device subsequent to the transmission time. Based on the response signal and on the transmission time, one or more response-signal characteristics can be determined. Based on the one or more response-signal characteristics, it can be determined that the antenna or that another antenna of the electronic device is at least partly blocked from emitting or receiving signals. In response to determining that the antenna is at least partly blocked, a changed type of operation can be identified, and the changed type of operation can be performed.

Abstract: An example method for testing a base station that supports multi-carrier transmission using multiple transceiver units comprises transmitting an interfering test signal in one or more transmit bands for the base station apparatus, using the multiple transceiver units and the antenna array, where the interfering test signal has a total EIRP at least approximately equal to the sum of the respective rated maximum EIRPs for each of the predetermined number of simultaneous carriers. This example method further comprises transmitting a desired test signal to the base station apparatus, in a receive band for the base station apparatus, using a test signal generator and a test antenna separate from the base station apparatus, and evaluating a receiver sensitivity for the base station apparatus, based on the desired test signal, while the interfering test signal is being transmitted.

Abstract: A microphone assembly includes: at least three microphones for capturing audio signals from the user's voice, the microphones defining a microphone plane; an acceleration sensor for sensing gravitational acceleration in at least two orthogonal dimensions so as to determine a direction of gravity; a beamformer unit for processing the captured audio signals in a manner so as to create a plurality of N acoustic beams, a unit for selecting a subgroup of M acoustic beams from the N the acoustic beams; an audio signal processing unit having M independent channels for producing an output audio signal for each of the M acoustic beams; a unit for estimating the speech quality of the audio signal in each of the channels; and an output unit for selecting the signal of the channel with the highest estimated speech quality as the output signal of the microphone assembly.

Abstract: Structures including an optical phased array and methods of fabricating such structures. A first optical phased array includes a first plurality of antennas. A plurality of phase shifters are respectively coupled to the first plurality of antennas. A second optical phased array includes a second plurality of antennas, and a third optical phased array includes a third plurality of antennas. The second optical phased array is located in a first direction relative to the first optical phased array. The third optical phased array is located in a second direction relative to the first optical phased array. The second direction is different from the first direction.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electronic device including housing, a first antenna array positioned on the housing and/or inside the housing, a second antenna array spaced from the first antenna array and positioned on the housing and/or inside the housing, at least one wireless communication circuit electrically connected to the first antenna array and the second antenna array, and at least one communication processor transmitting and/or receiving a signal through the at least one wireless communication circuit, using beamforming. In addition, various embodiments as understood from the specification are also possible.

Abstract: A system includes a base station. The base station includes: a laser assembly that transmits an optical control beam to a phased array antenna external to and remote from the base station; and a radio frequency (RF) transceiver that transmits a radio signal to the phased array antenna. The phased array antenna deflects the radio signal arriving at the phased array antenna in a particular direction indicated by the optical control beam. The particular direction of the deflected radio signal is toward a particular user device.

Abstract: A radio communication route enables communication from an originating ground station to a destination ground station via one of multiple randomly orbiting satellites with no active attitude control. The ground stations and satellites include multi-feed parabolic antennas for receiving radio signals from and transmitting radio signals in multiple directions. The satellites store an address of a destination ground station from which an initial information signal is transmitted and antenna information identifying the satellite antenna feed on which the initial information signal was received. Plural satellite antennas transmit linking information identifying the satellite to the originating ground station.

Abstract: This invention disclosure relates to a community access television (CATV) signal distribution system which improves signal isolation issues for systems which are distributing both CATV signals and in-home entertainment (IHE) signals. The signal distribution system includes a signal input port, a first multi-port signal splitter and a second multi-port signal splitter. The first multi-port signal splitter is coupled to the signal input port through a first diplexer, and the second multi-port signal splitter is coupled to the signal input port through a second diplexer. In some embodiments the first diplexer high-pass node and the second diplexer high-pass node are coupled together. In some embodiment the signal distribution system includes a signal output port coupled to the signal input port through a third diplexer. The high-pass node of the third diplexer is coupled to the high-pass node of the first diplexer.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes an antenna and a base station including an antenna. The antenna includes at least one unit cell that includes a flap layer, a feed network, and a patch. The flap layer includes a plurality of flaps. The feed network is positioned below the flap layer and includes a plurality of feed lines. Each of the plurality of feed lines includes an excitation port and a transmission line. The patch has a quadrilateral shape and is positioned above the flap layer such that an air gap is present between the patch and the flap layer.

Abstract: An antenna enclosure includes a sensor and a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) antenna. Within the antenna enclosure, sensor data is combined with GNSS information to produce a RF communication signal, wherein the sensor data is out-of-band from the GNSS information. The RF communication signal is transmitted utilizing a GNSS antenna data link to a receiver side. On the receiver side, the RF communication signal is split into a GNSS RF path and a sensor RF path. The GNSS signals are transmitted to the GNSS receiver via the GNSS RF path. A sensor RF communication signal is de-modulated, and the sensor data is transmitted to the GNSS receiver. When the GNSS antenna data link is bi-directional, information may be transmitted from the GNSS receiver to the antenna enclosure via the GNSS antenna data link.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus includes a number of antenna devices disposed to surround a center. M switches are connected to the plurality of antenna devices, M being an integer equal to or greater than 1. The of antenna devices include N antenna device groups and each of the N antenna device groups includes M antenna devices. N is an integer equal to or greater than 1. For each of the M switches, the mth switch is connected to the mth antenna device of the each of the N antenna device groups, m being an integer ranging from 1 to M.

Abstract: A Micro-Electromechanical System (MEMS) device having improved thermal management, and methods of fabricating the same are described. Generally, the device includes a piston layer suspended over a surface of a substrate by posts at four corners thereof, the piston layer including an electrostatically deflectable piston and a number of flexures through which the piston is coupled to the posts. A faceplate including an aperture through which the piston is exposed is suspended over the piston layer. Thermal sinking structures project from the surface of the substrate and extend through void spaces between the posts, the flexures and the piston of the piston layer to provide thermal management of the piston layer. The thermal posts substantially fill the void spaces without contacting either the flexures or the piston, and without altering a deflection gap between the piston and the surface of the substrate. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: Base station antennas include a plurality of multiplexer filters and a multi-column array of radiating elements that includes a plurality of sub-arrays. Each filter may have a first and second ports that are configured to pass RF signals in respective first and second frequency bands and a third common port that is coupled to a respective one of a plurality of sub-arrays. These antennas also include first frequency band ports that are coupled to the first ports of respective subsets of the multiplexer filters and second frequency band ports that are coupled to the second ports of at least some of the multiplexer filters. The antenna may operate as a MIMO sector antenna in the first frequency band and as a sector-splitting antenna in the second frequency band.

Abstract: A method includes receiving beacons originating from endpoints. The beacons are received during a single beacon interval and are sent using a power strength to reach nodes within physical proximity of the endpoints. The method also includes establishing a list including multiple endpoints from which a node receives the beacons at more than a threshold percentage of the beacon intervals. The method includes detecting that a threshold number of the beacon intervals have passed since receiving a most recent beacon from an endpoint. The method includes outputting a ping at full power strength to the endpoint requesting a response. When the response is not received from the endpoint, the method includes transmitting an outage alarm to a next topologically higher layer of a mesh network. The outage alarm includes an identification of the endpoint and a timestamp indicating when the first node received the most recent beacon from the endpoint.

Abstract: An ultra-wideband (UWB)-assisted precise positioning system, which includes a plurality of mobile base stations (MBSs) and a central control base station (CBS). The central CBS and the MBSs are configured to: measure, by the UWB communication module, distances between the MBSs, such that the moving module controls the MBSs to have a predetermined distance from one another and form a predetermined pattern; configure the global satellite positioning (GPS) modules to perform positioning to obtain a plurality of initial positions; execute a pattern search algorithm to generate a plurality of corrected positions; generate a plurality of predicted positions to be input to a cost function for finding a plurality of final predicted positions having relatively smallest errors; measure, by the UWB communication module, distances of a test object relative to the MBSs and calculate a position of the test object.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a waveguide of an antenna block configured to propagate electromagnetic energy along a propagation direction. The antenna block includes a port located on a bottom surface of the antenna block and an antenna array located on a top surface of the antenna block. The antenna block further includes a set of waveguides in the antenna block configured to couple the antenna array to the port. Additionally, the antenna block includes at least one surface wave radiator, where the surface wave radiator is located on the top surface of the antenna block.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an antenna apparatus includes a first phase shifter to shift a phase of a left-hand circularly polarized signal representing a left-hand circularly polarized wave; a second phase shifter to shift a phase of a right-hand circularly polarized signal representing a right-hand circularly polarized wave; a control circuit determining a first phase shift amount of the first phase shifter and a second phase shift amount of the second phase shifter based on a difference between a phase shift amount of the first phase shifter and a phase shift amount of the second phase shifter; and a radiating element radiating the left-hand circularly polarized wave and the right-hand circularly polarized wave based on the left-hand circularly polarized signal of which the phase is shifted by the first phase shift amount and the right-hand circularly polarized signal of which the phase is shifted by the second phase shift amount.

Abstract: A light ranging and detection system achieving reconfigurable very wide field of view, high sampling of spatial points per second with high optical power handling by using architecture to efficiently combine different wavelengths, time and frequency coding, and spatial selectivity. The transmitter is capable of generating multiple narrow beams, encoding different beams and transmitting in different spatial directions. The receiver can differentiate and extract range and reflectivity information of reflected beams. Three dimensional imaging of the environment is achieved by scanning the field of view of the transmitter. Control and signal processing electronic circuitries fabricated in a chip are packaged together with a chip containing the photonic components of the ranging system. The light ranging and detection system generates a THz beam in addition to an optical beam, and both beams combined allow reconfigurable spectroscopy.

Abstract: A communication system is provided. The communication system supports higher data rates Beyond 4th-Generation (4G) communication system such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). A first apparatus in a wireless communication system is provided. The apparatus includes an antenna array, at least one transceiver, and at least one processor. The transceiver is configured to transmit signals by using a beam set, and receive a signal for indicating at least one beam in the beam set from a second apparatus. The processor is configured to determine an auxiliary beam pair, based on the at least one beam. The transceiver is configured to transmit reference signals to the second apparatus by using the auxiliary beam pair, and receive feedback information relating to the auxiliary beam pair from the second apparatus. The at least one processor is configured to determine, based on the feedback information, a communication direction relating to the second apparatus.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a pre-5th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond 4th-Generation (4G) communication system such as long term evolution (LTE). The beamforming device in a wireless communication system may include an antenna array, a communicator configured to perform beamforming of the antenna array by applying a phase pattern for forming a plurality of beams, and a lens configured to adjust phases of respective incident signals by using the plurality of beams and emit output signals, wherein the lens includes unit cells corresponding to the phase pattern. Accordingly, the transmission device and method can reduce a distance between an antenna and a lens in a wireless communication system.

Abstract: A method for array elements arrangement of an L-shaped array antenna based on inheritance of acquired character. The method relates to the field of array elements design for L-shaped array antenna. In order to solve the problem that the arrangement of the current L-shaped array antenna system has a weak local ability, the invention firstly encodes for the J_K array, then calculates a fitness of each chromosome in the population, randomly selects two parent chromosomes according to a overwriting probability of inheritance of acquired character, calculates a percentage of gene delivery, performs a overwriting operation to generate a new population, repeats the overwriting operation to generate the final new population; calculates the fitness of each chromosome in the population, repeats the iteration until a predetermined termination condition is met, and obtains the optimal population gene; then determines the array elements arrangement of the L-shaped array antenna according to the optimal population gene.

Abstract: A radio frequency antenna array uses multiple lenses, and mechanically movable elements, to provide ground-based and sky-based coverage for multiple object communication and tracking. The antenna array includes at least two spherical lenses, where each spherical lens has at least two associated RF elements. A third lens is added, along with at least two additional RF elements to narrow and track the overlapped beams from the first and second lenses. Each lens also includes a sub-controller configured to adjust a phase of the signals produced by the RF elements. The antenna includes a control mechanism configured to enable a user to move the RF elements along their respective tracks, and automatically configure the phase shifter to modify a phase of the output signals from the elements based on the relative positions between the RF elements. The overlapped beams track independent targets, such as satellites, across an area.

Abstract: A MIMO communication system is provided. The system may include a first antenna comprising a first cavity, a first plurality of RF ports for generating a feed wave within the first cavity, and a first plurality of sub-wavelength artificially structured material elements as arranged on a surface of the first cavity as RF radiators. The first antenna is configured to generate a plurality of radiation patterns respectively corresponding to the first plurality of ports. The system may also include a second antenna comprising a second cavity and a second plurality of sub-wavelength artificially structured material elements arranged on a surface of the second cavity.

Abstract: An apparatus in a wireless communication system is provided. The apparatus includes at least one transceiver and at least one processor operably coupled to the at least one transceiver. The at least one processor is configured to determine first direction information regarding a first direction of a first beam of the apparatus, determine second direction information regarding a second direction of a second beam of the apparatus based on measurement information regarding a movement of the apparatus, and perform a beam search with another apparatus based on the first direction information and the second direction information.

Abstract: A method of calibrating a phased-array radar includes receiving a signal at one of either a mobile platform or an antenna element of the phased-array radar, the transmission being sent as a transmitted signal from either the mobile platform or the antenna element, correlating the received signal to the transmitted signal to produce an initial phase delay for that antenna element, determining a difference between the initial phase delay and an expected phase delay, wherein the expected phase delay is based upon a relative position between the antenna element and the mobile platform, and saving the difference as a final phase delay for the antenna element. A system for calibrating a phased-array radar includes a phased-array radar having an array of antenna elements, and a mobile platform capable of flying over the phased-array.

Abstract: A method for adjusting the interference level for a wireless communication from a first mobile station to a second mobile station including detecting an interference level at a transmitting station and providing for elevation of the direction of beam for the signal transmissions from the first mobile station to the second mobile station relative to an angle between the ground plane and the current direction of beam for the transmissions from the first mobile station to the second mobile station. Such lifting up of the beam avoids interference at the place of a third mobile station located at the direction of signal transmission but with further distance, since the signal strength then vanishes relatively quickly if the beam is lifted up.

Abstract: According to various aspects, disclosed are exemplary embodiments of vehicular antenna assemblies. In an exemplary embodiment, a vehicular antenna assembly generally includes a first satellite antenna configured to be operable for receiving first satellite signals, and a second satellite antenna configured to be operable for receiving second satellite signals different than the first satellite signals received by the first satellite antenna. A reflector is positioned generally between the first and second satellite antennas. The reflector is configured to be operable for reflecting the first satellite signals generally towards the first satellite antenna.

Abstract: A phased array antenna includes a first transceiver, a plurality of first radiating elements that are arranged in a first linear array, a first feed network electrically interposed between the first radiating elements and the first transceiver, and a first switch that is coupled along the first feed network, where a state of the first switch is selectable to adjust a number of the first radiating elements that are electrically connected to the first transceiver.

Abstract: An antenna element includes a patch antenna and a microstrip line separated by an electrochromic material to tune the element. A reflectarray of a plurality of antenna elements is formed on a substrate. The dielectric permitivities of the electrochromic material may be controlled both during manufacture and during operation of the antenna to provide a phase shift to the antenna elements and beamform a signal radiated by the antenna. A bias line may be used to change a shape, direction or circular polarity of a beam radiating from the antenna.

Abstract: A user equipment is configured for use in a wireless communication system. The user equipment in this regard is configured to detect an orientation of an equipment coordinate frame defined for the user equipment relative to an earth coordinate frame defined for Earth. The user equipment is also configured to determine, based on the detected orientation, a set) of beams defined in the equipment coordinate frame which does not include any beam pointing in one or more predefined directions in the earth coordinate frame. The user equipment is further configured to perform a beam sweep or scan on the determined set of beams.

Abstract: An example embodiment includes measuring by a user equipment, at least a signal quality and angle-of-arrival of wireless signals received from a network node; determining, by the user equipment, that the received wireless signals include signals from both primary path wireless beams and/or received reflected path wireless beams, based on the signal quality and the angle of arrival of the wireless signals; ranking, by the user equipment, the received wireless signals to primary path wireless beams and/or received reflected path wireless beams, based on the signal quality; and transmitting, by the user equipment, to the network node, at least one report including indications of both the received primary wireless beams having the best overall signal quality among both the primary and reflected beams, and received reflected path wireless beams having the best signal quality among the received reflected path wireless beams.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a wireless device includes a plurality of transmission/reception units and a controller. The each of the plurality of transmission/reception units includes an antenna and is configured to transmit/receive a wireless signal by the antenna. The controller individually controls a frequency of the wireless signal transmitted/received by each of the plurality of transmission/reception units.

Abstract: Provided is a phased array antenna in which a delay time of a radio frequency signal supplied to each antenna element is not dependent on frequency. Each feeding circuit (Fi) of the phased array antenna (1) includes: a time delay element (TDi) configured to impart a time delay ?ti to a sum signal VIF+LO(t) which is obtained by adding an intermediate frequency signal VIF(t) and a local signal VLO(t); a demultiplexer (DPi) configured to demultiplex a resulting delayed sum signal VIF+LO(t??ti) so as to provide a delayed intermediate frequency signal VIF(t??ti) and a delayed local signal VLO(t??ti); and a transmission mixer (TMXi) configured to multiply the delayed intermediate frequency signal VIF(t??ti) by the delayed local signal VLO(t??ti) so as to provide a delayed radio frequency signal VRF(t??ti), each feeding circuit Fi being configured to supply the delayed radio frequency signal VRF(t??ti) to a corresponding antenna element (Ai).

Abstract: Methods and systems for channel access in a BSS having two or more PCP/APs. A C-PCP/AP transmits at least a first management/extension frame, the management/extension frame including information for channel access by a STA. The C-PCP/AP receives, from the STA, at least a second management/extension frame. Based on information exchanged between the C-PCP/AP and the STA via at least the first and second management/extension frames, the STA is provided with channel access within the BSS by: the C-PCP/AP establishing a communication link for the C-PCP/AP to serve the STA; or the C-PCP/AP assigning a second PCP/AP in the BSS to serve the STA.

Abstract: Methods of operating a base station antennas involve receiving a first control signal at the base station antenna, activating a first actuator to move a first mechanical linkage in response to the first control signal and activating a second actuator to move a second mechanical linkage in response to the first control signal. Pursuant to these methods, base station antenna can be configured for both independent or common control of the first and second actuators.

Abstract: A multi-mode radar antenna apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes a transmitting antenna section comprising a first plurality of transmitting antennas configured to a transmit a steerable mode signal, a second plurality of transmitting antennas configured to a transmit an imaging mode signal, and a third plurality of transmitting antennas configured to a transmit an imaging mode signal and a steerable mode signal, and a receiving antenna section comprising a plurality of receiving antennas.

Abstract: The scanning antenna (1000) is a scanning antenna in which antenna units (U) are arranged, the scanning antenna including: a TFT substrate (101) including: a first dielectric substrate (1), TFTs, gate bus lines, source bus lines, and patch electrodes (15); a slot substrate (201) including: a second dielectric substrate (51), and a slot electrode (55); a liquid crystal layer (LC) provided between the TFT substrate and the slot substrate; and a reflective conductive plate (65). The slot electrode includes slots (57) arranged in correspondence with the plurality of patch electrodes, and a thickness of the second dielectric substrate (51) is smaller than the thickness of the first dielectric substrate (1) at least in a region where the antenna units (U) are arranged.

Abstract: A method for direction finding is described wherein incoming signals are scanned and analyzed. The bearing value and its quality of the incoming signals are determined by using a direction finding method. A covariance matrix is generated from the incoming signals by using a multiple-wave detector unit. The dimension of the covariance matrix is reduced in order to obtain a reduced covariance matrix. The eigenvalues of the reduced covariance matrix are determined. Then, it is determined whether more than one signal, a single signal or no signal is detected by using the eigenvalues and the quality determined by using the direction finding method. Further, a direction finder is described.

Abstract: An antenna calibration network system, an antenna calibration network and a MIMO antenna are provided, and the antenna calibration network system includes a substrate, directional coupler groups provided on the substrate and arranged in a horizontal direction, and a multi-stage combiner network provided at front ends of the directional coupler groups. A parallel coupled line of each directional coupler extends along a horizontal direction. The multi-stage combiner network includes first-stage combiners arranged at one side of the directional coupler groups, and second-stage combiners cascaded with the first-stage combiner and passing between the two directional coupler groups corresponding to the two first-stage combiners to the other side of the plurality of the directional coupler groups. A space utilization rate of the calibration network board can be improved, a size of the calibration network board can be reduced, and antenna cost can be reduced.

Abstract: According to aspects of the present disclosure, a radar transmitting power and channel performance monitoring apparatus is disclosed. In one example, such apparatus may include a plurality of couplers, power combiners of multiple stages, and a power monitoring module, wherein the couplers are connected with transmitter/receiver modules of the radar, and each coupler may be configured to collect a transmitting power of a corresponding transmitter/receiver module. Further, the power combiners may be configured to combine the transmitting power collected by each coupler and input the resultant total power to the power monitoring module, and the power monitoring module may be configured to monitor the total power. In addition, aspects of the present disclosure may test an amplitude and phase consistency of the transmitting and receiving channels of each T/R module of radar to ensure the performance of the radar system.

Abstract: A device and method to determine incoming communications is provided. A device in communication an array of antenna devices determines respective quality metric weights for respective signal data representing respective signals received by the antenna devices. The device applies the respective quality metric weights to the respective signal data to determine total received signal data. The device determines, based on the total received signal data, that the array of the antenna devices has received an incoming communication.

Abstract: Methods and devices for estimating an angle between a transmitter and a receiver for beamforming are provided. A method includes, with an antenna element in a first device, transmitting an omnidirectional pulse and detecting an echo of the pulse reflected from a second device. An angle between the first device and the second device is estimated based at least on a characteristic of the echo. The method includes transmitting the angle to the second device for use in beamforming between the first device and the second device.

Abstract: Microwave photonic vector network analyzer and a method for measuring scattering parameters of a microwave device are provided. The analyzer comprises a microwave source, wherein a signal loading module, an optical sampling module and a signal processing module are sequentially arranged along a signal output direction of the microwave source; an output end of the signal processing module is respectively connected with a control end of the microwave source and a control end of the optical sampling module; and two test ports of the signal loading module are connected with both ends of a device to be tested. The invention realizes direct sampling and frequency conversion for microwave signals, abandons a superheterodyne structure and/or direct frequency conversion structure in the traditional network analyzer, simplifies the structure of the system while improving the measurement frequency range and avoiding image interference, and reduces system complexity, cost and power consumption.

Abstract: User Equipment (UE) and base station (eNB) apparatus and methodology for adjusting receive beamforming. A beam refinement reference signal (BRRS) is transmitted with the same transmit beam direction on which data is to be transmitted. While receiving the BRRS, the receiver varies its receive beam direction and measures a signal characteristic of reception of the BRRS to determine a refined receive beam direction. The refined receive beam direction is used to receive the data.

Abstract: A system for light detection and ranging (LiDAR) based sensing including air data detection is disclosed. The system comprises a photonics substrate comprising a passive optical filter array configured to receive backscattered light produced in a region of interest when a light beam is emitted by a laser device, and a reference beam from the laser device. The passive optical filter array includes a plurality of optical notch filters in optical communication with each other, the optical notch filters operative for frequency selection, and a plurality of optical detectors each respectively coupled to an output of one of the optical notch filters. The passive optical filter array is operative to perform frequency spectrum decomposition of the received backscattered light into a plurality of signals for data extraction and processing to determine air data parameters.

Abstract: A radio communication route enables communication from an originating ground station to a destination ground station via one of multiple randomly orbiting satellites with no active attitude control. The ground stations and satellites include multi-feed parabolic antennas for receiving radio signals from and transmitting radio signals in multiple directions. The satellites store an address of a destination ground station from which an initial information signal is transmitted and antenna information identifying the satellite antenna feed on which the initial information signal was received. Plural satellite antennas transmit linking information identifying the satellite to the originating ground station.