Abstract: A liquid-filled lens driver is disclosed. The liquid-filled lens includes an input/output interface unit, a system clock generation unit, a high voltage generation unit, a reference/bias voltage generation unit, a drive signal generation unit and a control unit. The input/output interface unit exchanges the lens driver control signal and the status information of the liquid-filled lens with the image signal processor. The high voltage generation unit generates high voltage using low voltage of a battery of a mobile information terminal. The voltage generation unit provides reference voltage and bias voltage for operating the liquid-filled lens driver. The drive signal generation unit generates a final drive signal for the liquid-filled lens.

Abstract: A laminated glazing comprises two plies of glass having an interlayer structure laminated therebetween. The interlayer structure comprises a first sheet of an interlayer material framing a liquid crystal film incorporated therein. Preferably, the interlayer material does not contain plasticizers, or contains a plasticizer which does not diffuse into the liquid crystal film structure. In addition, the interlayer material preferably resists the migration of mobile liquid crystal film components.

Abstract: A depolarizing film of the present invention comprises a film containing at least one liquid crystal compound, wherein the liquid crystal compound comprises a liquid crystal compound (1) that satisfies the relation: 0.05??n?0.5, with the proviso that ?n=ne?no, ne represents an extraordinary-ray refractive index, and no represents an ordinary-ray refractive index, and the film has a haze value of 15% or less and a thickness of 1 ?m to 10 ?m.

Abstract: A reflective electronic display includes a front light assembly with a diffuser for enlarging the viewing cone of the display. The front light may include a substrate, a plurality of optical turning features, and a diffuser formed therebetween. The haze of the diffuser may be spatially non-uniform and switchable between two or more levels.

Abstract: A color filter layer structure usable in a display device according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a color filter layer on a substrate, the color filter layer having a polarizing function and made of a liquid crystal material deposited on the substrate, wherein a force is applied to the deposited liquid crystal material in one direction to form the color filter layer.

Abstract: A method for making an optical device includes the steps of: rubbing an orienting film so as to stretch the molecular structure thereof and so as to permit the molecular units of the molecular structure to be aligned along a first axis and to permit the orienting space between each adjacent pair of the molecular units of the molecular structure to be oriented in a direction parallel to a second axis; and forming an optical anisotropical layer on the orienting film by applying a liquid crystal film of rod-like molecules on the orienting film which orients the rod-like molecules by virtue of spatial effect of the molecular units and the orienting spaces.

Abstract: Provided are multilayer laminates having one or more layers comprising twisted nematic liquid crystals and one or more layers of a polymeric sheet. The twisted nematic liquid crystal layers reflect infrared radiation. Thus, the multilayer laminates are useful to reduce the transmission of infrared energy. For example, in some embodiments the multilayer laminates are useful as windows to reduce energy consumption necessary to cool the interior of a structure such as an automobile or building. Preferably, the multilayer laminates retain one or more of the beneficial properties of safety glass. The multilayer laminates may include additional layers such as infrared absorbing layers, half wave plates, and the like, to minimize the transmission of infrared energy. The multilayer laminates may also include further additional layers such as polymeric films, polymeric sheets, rigid sheets, and the like.

Abstract: Geometrical phase optical elements comprising, as a birefringent means, a liquid crystal material with a spatially inhomogeneous orientation of the molecular director in a plane orthogonal to the direction of propagation of an input radiation beam, ordered according to a predetermined geometrical pattern. Also, an optical system for generating helical modes of propagation of an optical radiation beam, including a geometrical phase optical element orientated transversely to the direction of propagation of the beam, whose optical axis is orientated according to a predetermined geometrical relation adapted to transform a circular polarized input radiation beam into a helical mode with a wavefront having a helical surface whose handedness is a function of the handedness of the input polarization, in which the switching between different orders of helicity of the radiation beam emerging from the geometrical phase optical element is carried out by switching the circular polarization state of the input radiation.

Abstract: A planar light source includes a large variable width of an irradiation angle of illumination light, a display device having a large variable width of an angle of field that uses the planar light source, a portable terminal device that uses the display device, and a ray direction switching element that is incorporated in the planar light source. A beam direction regulating element (a louver), which controls a direction of light, and a transparent and scattering switching element, which can switch the transparent state and the scattering state according to ON and OFF of an applied voltage, are provided between a backlight and a liquid crystal panel, whereby it is possible to increase a variable width of an irradiation angle of light in the planar light source and increase a variable width of an angle of field of the liquid crystal display device that uses the planar light source.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a discrimination medium which has high discrimination ability, and which is more difficult to counterfeit than conventional discrimination mediums. A discrimination medium comprises: a cholesteric liquid crystal layer; and a liquid crystal layer acting as a half-wave plate and provided on the cholesteric liquid crystal layer in a predetermined pattern.

Abstract: A retardation layer that includes regions causing different retardations can be manufactured easily. A retardation substrate includes a substrate and a solidified liquid crystal layer supported by the substrate. The solidified liquid crystal layer includes first to third regions. The first to third regions re arranged on the substrate and different in degree of orientation of mesogens.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes first substrate having an active region and a non-active region along a peripheral portion of the active region, a second substrate facing and spaced apart from the first substrate, and having an active region and a non-active region along a peripheral portion of the active region, a seal pattern between the first and second substrates disposed along a border of the active and non-active regions, a gate line on an interior surface of the first substrate and crossing the seal pattern, a data line crossing the gate line and the seal pattern, a thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the data line, a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor, a common electrode on an interior surface of the second surface, a first step-compensating pattern adjacent to the seal pattern and the gate line, a second step-compensating pattern adjacent to the seal pattern and the data line, and a liquid crystal material layer between the pixel electrode and the common el

Abstract: A method of manufacturing the optical sheet is provided. The method includes: a first step of heating a composition containing a liquid crystal monomer or liquid crystal prepolymer and a photopolymerization initiator at a temperature equal to or higher than a melting point of the liquid crystal monomer or liquid crystal prepolymer and pressing the composition in a state where the composition is held between a master including a plurality of solid structures disposed continuously in one surface and having shape anisotropy in the one surface and a light transmission film disposed so as to face the solid structures of the master. The method also includes a second step of irradiating the composition with ultraviolet rays at a temperature lower than a phase transmission temperature to an isotropic phase to polymerize the liquid crystal monomer or liquid crystal prepolymer and, after that, separating the light transmission film from the master.

Abstract: An LCD device includes: an LCD panel having at least one pixel that includes a first colored sub pixel and a white second sub pixel; and a liquid crystal alignment control means to control contrast in the LCD panel, wherein liquid crystal molecules of the second white sub pixel are aligned between 0° and 6° with respect to an absorption axis of at least one polarizing sheet by the liquid crystal alignment control means.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a liquid lens which can prevent unstable movement of liquids while sealing a hole containing the liquids by applying voltage to a chamber containing the liquids to induce electrowetting, and a liquid lens fabricated thereby. The method includes providing a chamber with a hole formed therein for containing liquid and injecting two non-miscible liquids with different refractive indices. The method also includes placing a conductive transparent plate to be in contact with the liquid on the top and applying voltage to the conductive transparent plate and the chamber to induce electrowetting, thereby changing the shape of meniscus between the two liquids. The method further includes covering an upper surface of the chamber with the conductive transparent plate to seal the hole.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus is provided, which includes: a middle frame having a frame section formed in the shape of a frame with four side sections; a front panel joined with the middle frame to seal one opening of the middle frame; a rear panel joined with the middle frame to seal another opening of the middle frame; a liquid crystal panel placed within an outer casing configured by the middle frame, the front panel and the rear panel; a back light panel placed within the outer casing, irradiating light towards the liquid crystal panel; and a holding plate placed within the outer casing on a side opposite the liquid crystal panel with the back light panel in-between, pressing the back light panel.

Abstract: An optical compensation film is provided and has a cellulose acylate film coated with an optically anisotropic layer containing a liquid crystalline compound, cellulose having a glucose unit, a hydroxyl group of the glucose unit being substituted with an acyl group having at least two carbon atoms. The cellulose acylate film satisfies relationships specified in the specification.

Abstract: An optical element having an alignment layer for an optical anisotropic body, in which the generation of damages in the alignment layer is effectively prevented by providing an optical element having an alignment layer for an optical anisotropic body, wherein a stress releasing layer is formed as an underlying layer for the alignment layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical diffusion device, which can exhibit discontinuously different optical properties only in desired regions without creating any difference in grades and/or breaks, facilitate control of the optical diffusion properties, and prevent the occurrence of the stray light, as well as provides a projection screen and a design member, both using the optical diffusion device. An exemplary optical diffusion device according to this invention includes a base, and a cholesteric liquid crystal polymer layer provided on the base and composed of a plurality of diffusion regions arranged on a plane. A diffusion angle of one of the diffusion regions (e.g., first diffusion regions) of the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer layer is different from a diffusion angle of another of the diffusion regions (e.g., second diffusion regions).

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and a method for injecting liquid crystal into a hollow optic fiber. The apparatus includes: a first holder and a second holder each of which has a fluid passage for holding corresponding one end of the hollow optic fiber to be communicated with the fluid passage a container connected to a tube disposed with a valve at the fluid passage of the second holder and storing liquid crystal; an air supplying device connected to the first holder and the container through tubes having a plurality of valves to select an air passage for making the hollow optic fiber vacuous by sucking air out of the hollow optic fiber and forcedly injecting liquid crystal into the hollow optic fiber by supplying an air pressure.

Abstract: An optical switch includes an optical waveguide to route an input optical beam. At least one polarization switch receives the input optical beam from the optical waveguide. At least one birefringent wedge is associated with the at least one polarization switch. The at least one polarization switch and at least one birefringent wedge operate to direct the input optical beam to two or more output locations through control of the polarization switch.

Abstract: An optical switching apparatus includes at least one optical waveguide to deliver at least one input optical beam. A dispersion device spatially separates the at least one input optical beam into individual wavelength channels. An optical power device aligns the individual wavelength channels. An optical switch has at least one transflective polarizing element, at least one birefringent wedge and at least two polarization switches. The individual wavelength channels are directed to independently addressable regions of the polarization switches for wavelength selective switching. A second optical power device aligns the individual wavelength channels from the optical switch. A second dispersion device spatially combines individual wavelength channels from the second optical power device. At least one output optical waveguide receives at least one of the individual wavelength channels from the second dispersion device.

Abstract: An optically anisotropic film comprising a liquid crystal compound forming a nematic phase or smectic A phase, the liquid crystalline phase satisfying the following inequality: ?n(450 nm)/?n(550 nm)<1.0 in which each ?n(?) represents an intrinsic birefringence at a wavelength of ?, wherein the optically anisotropic film (A) has an absolute in-plane retardation (Re) of 40 nm or less and a retardation in the thickness direction (Rth) of ?10 nm or less.

Abstract: An ink composition capable of forming a liquid crystal layer even on a base material with no alignment treatment applied; and an optical film, a polarizing film and a liquid crystal display produced using the ink composition. The liquid crystal layer forming ink composition has a liquid crystalline molecular material, an organic solvent for dissolving or dispersing the molecular material, and an alcohols solvent. By applying the ink composition on a base material, drying, and aligning the liquid crystal molecule material, an optical film with a liquid crystal layer formed can be obtained. Since the alcohols solvent is contained in the liquid crystal composition, the liquid crystalline molecular material is in a state horizontally aligned on the base material, and the optical film can have a high transparency.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a reflective polarizing film for a liquid crystal display device in which cholesteric liquid crystal layers having different selective light-reflecting wavelengths are laminated in the laminated coating method, thus a forming liquid crystal film that covers a visible light region and ¼? retardation film are attached to the liquid crystal film. In this case, two or more cholestric liquid crystal layers having different selective light-reflecting wavelengths are laminated in order from the shorter wavelength to the longer wavelength in the laminated coating method. Further, during the lamination, orientation layers are laminated between the liquid crystal layers to maximize the selective reflection characteristic of the cholesteric liquid crystal.

Abstract: An optical compensation film capable of contributing to improvement in a viewing angle characteristic of a liquid crystal display device, especially an IPS mode liquid crystal display device is proposed. A composition comprises at least one onium salt, at least one rod-like liquid crystalline compound, and at least one additive capable of promoting a vertical alignment of molecules of the rod-like liquid crystalline compound at an air interface; and an optical compensation film comprising an optically anisotropic layer formed of the composition are disclosed.

Abstract: A 3D display has a light grating unit inserted between a polarized light module and an image display unit. The light grating unit includes a dispersing liquid crystal unit, a microretarder unit, and a polarizing film. By controlling the dispersing liquid crystal unit of the light grating unit to be switched between a dispersing state and a transparent state, a displayed image is switched between a 2D image displaying mode and a 3D image displaying mode. The dispersing liquid crystal unit can be removed, so as to allow the image display unit to stay in the 3D image displaying mode.

Abstract: Recent theoretical investigations have predicted the existence of axially frozen modes that arise when light is incident upon an anisotropic two-dimensional photonic crystal. Such electromagnetic modes are of interest since they suggest a near-zero group velocity with extraordinary amplitudes. The present invention addresses the crystal physics associated with realizing such effects and provides for the development of materials suitable for use in the forming photonic crystals that can exhibit such effects.

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive adhesive optical film of the present invention comprises: an optical film comprising a transparent base film and a discotic liquid crystal layer provided on one side of the transparent base film; an undercoat layer; and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer provided on the discotic liquid crystal layer with the undercoat layer interposed therebetween, the undercoat layer comprises a polymer and an antioxidant; and the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer comprises a (meth)acrylic polymer (A) comprising 80 to 99.5% by weight of an alkyl (meth)acrylate monomer unit and 0.05 to 3% by weight of a hydroxyl group-containing monomer unit and having a weight average molecular weight of 1,000,000 to 2,500,000; a (meth)acrylic oligomer (B) comprising 80 to 99.9% by weight of an alkyl (meth)acrylate monomer unit and 0.

Abstract: A simple-structure, small-size, inexpensive optical isolator mounted in an amplifier. The PMD and PDL are reduced to desired numerical levels to improve the characteristics. The optical isolator is composed of two double refraction elements, a 45 DEG Faraday rotator, a magnet, a lens, and a total reflection member. The directions of crystal axes of the two double refraction elements and the direction of the rotation of the Faraday rotator are appropriately set. Therefore, going-returning optical paths where incident unpolarized light is separated into ordinary light and extraordinary light, totally reflected by a total reflection member, and outputted are formed. The direction of the crystal axis with respect to the direction of the normal on the element surface of either of the two double refraction elements and the thickness in the direction of the normal on the element surface are corrected.

Abstract: The optical compensatory sheet has a transparent support and an optically anisotropic layer formed from liquid crystal molecules aligned in an average inclined angle of less than 5°. The optical compensatory sheet gives the retardation value in plane (Re) in the range of 10 to 1,000 nm and the retardation value along the thickness direction (Rth) in the range of 10 to 1,000 nm.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical system comprising a fluid chamber 1 and a birefringent part. The fluid chamber comprises first and second fluids 10, 12 having different indices of refraction, the interface between the fluids forming a meniscus 14. The birefringent part is capable of varying characteristics of a first radiation beam 3b and a second radiation beam 3c, the first and second radiation beams having different polarisations. Variation in the configuration of the meniscus causes variation in the characteristics of the first radiation beam and the second radiation beam. Variation in the configuration of the meniscus may be controlled by electrowetting.

Abstract: A phase difference compensation layer is positioned between first and second protection films. Discotic liquid crystals of the phase difference compensation layer are tilted relative to a first protection film. The phase difference compensation film further includes an alignment layer formed on the first and the second protection films. The alignment layer substantially aligns the discotic liquid crystals in one direction. The first and the second protection films have a phase axis forming an angle of about 45° relative to an alignment direction of the discotic liquid crystals respectively. The display panel assembly includes a display panel, a lower phase difference compensation film and an upper phase difference compensation film. Therefore, the protection film protects and substantially aligns the discotic liquid crystals in uniform direction.

Abstract: The invention provides a two-panel color management system for projection display applications, wherein color sequencing is accomplished using achromatic beam switching and static color separation. In a preferred embodiment, a liquid-crystal polarization switch alternates a polarization of an input light beam between two orthogonal states. A polarization beam splitter directs the beam comprising three primary color components alternately along a first and second paths, wherein first and second different secondary color filters are disposed for forming first and second secondary colored beams, each having two different primary color components. A dichroic color separator alternately receives the first and second secondary colored beams, separates their primary color components and directs them to first and second imager panels. A beam combiner combines the first polarized primary color beam from the first imager and the second polarized primary color beam from the second imager to form a projection beam.

Abstract: A main object of the invention is to provide a phase difference layer laminated body which has a very high freedom in orienting molecules of its phase difference layer, and which is manufactured with ease. To achieve the above object, the invention provides a phase difference layer laminated body including a base material having orientability, and a phase difference layer made of a liquid crystal material that can form a nematic phase and formed in a pattern on the base material such as to have refractive index anisotropy.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of an optical film is provided. The method includes the following steps. A substrate is provided first and a surface of the substrate is aligned or an alignment layer is formed on the substrate. Next, a defined pattern layer is formed on the aligned surface of the substrate or on a surface of the alignment layer at a first temperature. A first liquid crystal layer is then coated on the aligned surface of the substrate or the surface of the alignment layer to cover the defined pattern layer. Then, a first curing step is performed at a second temperature to enable the defined pattern layer and the first liquid crystal layer to form the optical film. A portion of the optical film having the defined pattern layer is characterized by a different liquid crystal alignment property from the other portion of the optical film.

Abstract: The invention provides a viewing angle control element capable of realizing high information concealment without damaging brightness of transmitted light and dynamically changing a viewing angle in accordance with need or no need of information concealment. The viewing angle control element according to the invention can include liquid crystal twist-aligned by approximately 180°, and have a liquid crystal layer being electrically controllable and a pair of polarizing layers provided at both sides of the liquid crystal layer. Optical axes of both polarizing layers can be arranged to be substantially parallel to each other, and liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer adjacent to the polarizing layers can be aligned to be substantially parallel to the optical axes of the polarizing layers.

Abstract: A dope containing cellulose acylate as a main content of polymer is cast on a front surface of a moving belt in a method of producing a film from a solution. A drying apparatus is confronted to a back surface of said belt to evaporate a solvent in the gel-like film. Further, a condensers are confronted to a cast surface of said gel-like film to condense a solvent vapor for recovery. A wind speed above and near the gel-like film is from 0.01 m/s to 0.5 m/s, and the belt is transported downwards at the casting position PS. When d (mm) is a distance between the casting surface and each condenser, Tw (° C.) is a temperature of each condenser, and Ts (° C.) is a temperature of the casting dope, conditions are satisfied: Q=(Ts?Tw)/d and 5<Q<100. The obtained film is excellent in thickness uniformity and optical properties, and therefore adequate for the optical film.

Abstract: A method is provided that allows simultaneous control of macroscopic azimuthal and zenithal liquid crystal alignment (?, ?) across a liquid crystal layer by controlling the area ratios between first, second and third different types of alignment region (T1, T2, T3) in a patterned alignment layer, the three different types of alignment region (T1, T2, T3) tending to induce liquid crystal alignment in the liquid crystal layer in three different respective, non-coplanar, principal orientations (z, x, y). In the illustrated example, the first type of alignment region (T1) tends to induce substantially homeotropic alignment (in the z direction) and the second and third types of alignment region (T2, T3) tend to induce substantially planar alignment in different, orthogonal, principal orientations (in the x and y directions).

Abstract: At least one exemplary embodiment is directed to an image display apparatus, which can include multiple color combining elements, multiple light modulating elements, and a projection optical system, operatively connected to reduce the effects of ghost light.

Abstract: The invention provides: an optical element that includes a birefringence functional layer constituted of a polymerizable liquid crystal material, in which the birefringence functional layer is formed directly or indirectly on a substrate, and in a post-process carried out thereafter, alignment and characteristics of the birefringence functional layer are not disturbed, with the result that a high quality birefringence control function can be exerted; a liquid crystal display device provided with the optical element; a method of evaluating a birefringence functional layer that is not disturbed in the alignment and physical properties by the post-process; and a method of producing the optical element.

Abstract: A photometric device of liquid crystal display and a liquid crystal display in which photometry can be performed without relying upon manpower and the liquid crystal plane is shielded only at the time of photometry. The photometric device comprises a liquid crystal display part, a bezel surrounding the four sides of the liquid crystal display, a shaft part provided at the corner part of the bezel and fixed rotatably thereto, a movable part having the end part thereof connected to the shaft part, and a sensor part provided in the liquid crystal display part at the other end part of the movable part.

Abstract: To provide a wavelength-selection optical switch able to select a light with a certain wavelength and an optical add/drop multiplexer using the same. An optical switch comprising: a silicon substrate; a glass substrate arranged to face a surface of the silicon substrate and having a transparent electrode layer in its opposing surface; a light diffraction reflection layer aligned on a surface of the silicon substrate; a liquid crystal layer aligned between the light diffraction reflection layer and the transparent electrode layer; a silicon substrate electrical terminal extracted from a rear surface of the silicon substrate; and a means for applying voltage between the transparent electrode layer and the silicon substrate electrical terminal; wherein selection of wavelength of light diffracted and reflected by the light diffraction reflection layer is possible by controlling the refraction index of the liquid crystal layer through the voltage.

Abstract: An optical element includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a retardation plate made of an inorganic material, having refractive index anisotropy, and having a thin plate like main part to be disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the main part being formed to be thin in comparison with a thickness of the first substrate and a thickness of the second substrate, a first adhesive layer for filling a gap between the first substrate and the retardation plate, and a second adhesive layer for filling a gap between the retardation plate and the second substrate.

Abstract: A method for producing a diffraction grating is provided. First, a mixture including nematic liquid crystal, dopant, and polymerizable precursor is introduced between two electrically conductive substrates having alignment layers for inducing orientation of the liquid crystal director. A potential difference is applied across the liquid crystal to cause a spontaneous self-assembly of the liquid crystal into an array of convective rolls. Thereafter, the roll structure is stabilized by the creation of a polymeric network through polymerization and/or cross-linking of the polymerizable precursor. The convective roll structure serves as a template for the formation of the polymeric network.

Abstract: A polarization controller includes a plurality of liquid crystal cells positioned as cladding on a waveguide that propagates a beam of light so that the evanescent field extends into the liquid crystal cells, and a ½-wave birefringent retarder for rotating the eigenstates of polarization between the liquid crystal cells. For fast response, the evanescent field preferably extends only into the surface effect region of the liquid crystal cells, where directors in the liquid crystal respond faster to changes in voltages applied across the liquid crystal cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a full color liquid crystal display of passive matrix design that includes a polarizer, an analyzer having a transmission axis, and at least one light generation stage positioned between the polarizer and analyzer for transmitting light of a desired wavelength to the analyzer. This light generation stage includes a first retarder stack that rotates desired wavelengths of light to a particular polarization state, a second retarder stack inverted and rotated by 90 degrees with respect to said first retarder stack, and a passive matrix addressed optical element positioned between the first and second retarder stacks. The retardation and orientation of each of the first retarder stack, second retarder stack, and passive matrix addressed optical element are optimized so as to provide a color generation stage that places desired wavelengths of light substantially along the transmission axis of the analyzer.

Abstract: A radiation-curing liquid crystal having cholesteric regularity is applied to a glass substrate 11 provided with an alignment layer 12 to form a first cholesteric liquid crystal film 13 in the uncured state (FIG. 2(a)). Radiation 20 is then selectively applied, through a photomask 14, to the desired portions of the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 13 to partially cure it (FIG. 2(b)); thereafter, the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 13 is immersed in an organic solvent 22 to remove the uncured portions 13b thereof (FIG. 2(c)), thereby forming the first cholesteric liquid crystal film 13 in a desired pattern (FIG. 2(d)). Then, in the same manner as described above, a radiation-curing liquid crystal having cholesteric regularity is applied to the surface of the formed first cholesteric liquid crystal film 13 and the alignment layer 12 to form a second cholesteric liquid crystal film 13? in the uncured state (FIG. 2(e)).

Abstract: A poly-silicon liquid crystal display device with an improved aperture ratio and a simplified method of fabricating the same are disclosed. A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes first and second substrates; a gate line on the first substrate; a data line crossing the gate line to define a pixel region; a thin film transistor (TFT) near the crossing of the gate and data lines, the TFT having a gate electrode, a source electrode and a drain electrode; a pixel electrode in the pixel region, the pixel electrode having a double-layer structure in which a metal layer is formed on a transparent conductive layer; a black matrix on the second substrate, the black matrix having an aperture portion partially overlapping the pixel electrode and the drain electrode; and a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an LCD device includes forming a gate bus line, a gate insulating layer, an active layer, and a source/drain metal layer on a transparent insulating substrate; etching the source/drain metal layer and active layer to form a source/drain electrode and a channel layer while forming a metal protection pattern in a peripheral region of the transparent insulating substrate; forming a protection layer and a pixel electrode on the insulating substrate; forming a main seal line at an interior region of the array substrate, forming a first auxiliary seal line between the metal protection pattern and the main seal line, and forming second and third auxiliary seal lines; and attaching a color filter substrate to the array substrate via the main seal line.