Abstract: A liquid crystal device includes a pair of substrates that face each other, a liquid crystal layer that is interposed between the pair of substrates, electrodes that are formed on opposing surfaces of the pair of substrates so as form a plurality of subpixel regions, in each of which a reflective display region having a light-reflective film reflecting light and a transmissive display region transmitting light are provided, and an insulating layer that is formed between one of the pair of substrates and the liquid crystal layer such that a thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the reflective display region is smaller than a thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the transmissive display region. The insulating layer is formed to have a first film thickness in the reflective display region, and is provided between the transmissive display region of a predetermined subpixel region and the transmissive display region of a subpixel region adjacent to the predetermined subpixel region.

Abstract: A light emitting apparatus is described. The apparatus includes a light emitting section having a plurality of light sources, the plurality of light sources each including a semiconductor light emitting element and one or more types of phosphors for performing a wavelength conversion on a portion of light outputted from the semiconductor light emitting element to radiate fluorescence, and the plurality of light sources each emitting light of different colors; and a light emitting control section for controlling emission intensity of each of the plurality of light sources to control a color temperature of a combined light emitted from the plurality of light sources.

Abstract: A light emitting optical film at least including a substrate, an alignment layer and a polarized light emitting liquid crystal film is provided, in which the polarized light emitting liquid crystal film includes liquid crystal and light-emitting dye. The alignment layer is located on one side of the substrate, and the polarized light emitting liquid crystal film is located on the alignment layer. The light emitting optical film can be applied to polarizing film, phase retardation film or color filter. Moreover, it is unnecessary to use conventional backlight module because overall arrangement of liquid crystal can fully emit uniform polarized light, whereby greatly reducing cost of conventional backlight module.

Abstract: A color display having a monochromatic light source, an optical switch and an array of pixels formed of anisotropically emitting photoluminescent material may be combined such that large losses often associated with color filter and polarizers are avoided such that a high efficient display results. The optical switch may be a liquid crystal device that is tuned to the wavelength of the monochromatic light source. The monochromatic light source may be made from OLED material that emits in the violet, near UV or blue spectrum and may be polarized. The array of pixels may include a transmissive pixel when the backlight spectrum is the same as the color of one of the pixels.

Abstract: A LCD panel is provided. The LCD panel includes a front substrate, a plurality of first phosphor composites, a plurality of second phosphor composites, a black matrix, a transparent electrode, a TFT array substrate and a liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between the front substrate and the TFT array substrate. The first phosphor composites, the second phosphor composites, the black matrix and the transparent electrode are disposed on the front substrate. The black matrix divides the front substrate into three windows including first windows, second windows and third windows periodically, wherein the first phosphor composites are disposed on the first windows, and the second phosphor composites are disposed on the second windows. The first phosphor composites and the second phosphor composites are capable of converting the primary light shinning towards the LCD panel into different colors respectively.

Abstract: A viewing-angle adjustable liquid crystal display includes a display panel, a backlight unit, and a sidelight unit. The backlight unit is located under the sidelight unit, and the sidelight unit is disposed under the display panel. The sidelight unit includes a first sidelight source and a light-guide plate. The first sidelight source is disposed at one end of the light-guide plate. The displaying method includes providing direct light to the display panel in response to the narrow-viewing-angle-mode signal; and providing scattering light to the display panel in response to the wide-viewing-angel-mode signal.

Abstract: In conventional fluorescent lamps and imaging devices using the same, there have been challenges that lighting efficiency should be enhanced and variation in emission colors should be reduced. The present invention has solved these challenges by providing a novel fluorescent lamp. The phosphor layers of the fluorescent lamp is composed of at least two types of phosphors, in which at least the most outer surface is a phosphor layer made of one of the phosphors (the first phosphor); and the rest portion of the phosphor layers, is made of mixed phosphors including a plurality of phosphors having respective emitting colors.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display module includes: a liquid crystal display panel, a surface light-emitting lamp irradiating light to the liquid crystal display panel by a surface light-emission, and a power source supplying an electric power to the surface light-emitting lamp. The surface light-emitting lamp includes a frame having a light-emitting space, a first barrier rib formed partitioning the lamp into light-emitting spaces and electrode pairs for generating electric fields in the light-emitting spaces, respectively.

Abstract: A cold cathode fluorescent lamp includes a tube having an inner surface coated with a fluorescent film and tubular discharge electrodes disposed at both inner ends of the tube. Each discharge electrode has an opening facing a discharge area and includes a projection in the opening, the area of the projection being reduced by electric discharge.

Abstract: A photo-luminescence liquid crystal display 100 comprises: a display panel 104 and a radiation source 102 (blue or UV LED) for generating excitation radiation for operating the display. The display panel 104 comprises transparent front 110 and back 112 plates; a liquid crystal (LC) 114 disposed there between; and a matrix of electrodes 120 (array of thin film transistors) defining red, green and blue pixel areas of the display and operable to selectively induce an electric field across the liquid crystal 114 in the pixel areas for controlling transmission of light through the pixels areas. Red 130 and green 132 phosphor materials are provided on the back plate corresponding to the red and green pixel areas and respectively emit red (R) and green (G) light in response to the excitation radiation. The LCD can further comprise a blue phosphor material 134 on the back plate corresponding to blue pixel areas.

Abstract: A back-light driving circuit controlling red (R), green (G), and blue (B) back lights providing light to a liquid crystal panel in a field sequential liquid crystal display. The back-light driving circuit includes a driving voltage generator that provides a driving voltage to each of the R, G, and B back-lights to cause them to emit light having a predetermined luminance. The back-light driving circuit also includes a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal generator for providing a PWM signal to each of the R, G, and B back-lights to control the chromaticity of the light emitted from each back-light. The driving voltages and/or PWM signals provided to each of the R, G, and B back-lights are catered to the particular characteristics of the corresponding back-light to cause them to emit color having a desired luminance and/or chromaticity.

Abstract: This invention relates to a backlight unit of a liquid crystal display device using a cold cathode fluorescent lamp that is capable of realizing pure colors and having a broad color reproduction range. A backlight unit of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes at least one lamp including a first red phosphor having a dominant wavelength of about 620 nm, a second red phosphor having a dominant wavelength of about 658 nm, a green phosphor having a dominant wavelength of about 515 nm and a blue phosphor having a dominant wavelength of about 447 nm; a bottom cover in which the lamp is disposed; and an optical member disposed on the lamp.

Abstract: Backlight modules. A backlight module for a flat display device includes a light guide element and a fluorescent lamp assembly. The fluorescent lamp assembly disposed on a first side of the light guide element includes a first fluorescent lamp and a second fluorescent lamp. The first fluorescent lamp comprises a first end, a second end and a first phosphor coating on an inner surface of the first fluorescent lamp, wherein the first phosphor near the first end is thicker than the second end. The second fluorescent lamp comprises a third end adjacent to the second end, a fourth end adjacent to the first end, and a second phosphor coating on an inner surface of the second fluorescent lamp, wherein the second phosphor near the third end is thicker than the fourth end.

Abstract: A color, transmissive LCD uses a backlight that supplies a uniform blue light to the back of the liquid crystal layer in an LCD. The blue light, after being modulated by the liquid crystal layer, is then incident on the back surface of phosphor material located above the liquid crystal layer. A first phosphor material, when irradiated with the blue light, generates red light for the red pixel areas of the display, and a second phosphor material, when irradiated with the blue light, generates green light for the green pixel areas of the display. No phosphor is deposited over the blue pixel areas.

Abstract: A light source having an LED that is covered by a layer containing a phosphor is disclosed. The LED emits light in a first wavelength band. The phosphor containing layer includes particles that contain a phosphor having the formula Dy3A5O12, where A is at least one of the elements aluminum, gallium, indium, magnesium or silicon. The layer is positioned to receive a portion of the light from the LED and convert the light to light in a second wavelength band. The phosphor may be doped with Ce. Eu, and Tb, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device such as a clock which is battery operated has enhanced color for its pixels under ambient light by the use of a fluorescent layer on the reflective backing of the display.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display having a liquid crystal display panel for modulating light to form an image and a back light unit having a plurality of lamp tubes without inside electrodes and which are discharged by outside electrodes disposed along an outer surface of the at least one lamp tube, the back light unit being disposed behind the liquid crystal display panel. One outside electrode disposed at the at least one of the plurality of lamp tubes is electrically connected with another outside electrode disposed at an another adjacent lamp tube.

Abstract: A backlight module comprises an assembly of a rear substrate and a front substrate. A hermetic discharge gap is formed there between and mounted with power electrodes. The backlight module further comprises a discharge gas filled in the discharge gap and a plurality of fluorescent layers of different color emissions disposed on a surface of the assembly of the rear substrate and front substrate. The discharge gas is discharged by the power electrodes.

Abstract: A projection system and method are provided, the system includes a radiation source for generating electromagnetic radiation outside the visible wavelength range, an imaging unit, which can be irradiated by the radiation source, and a projection screen having a radiation-sensitive surface which, when excited by means of the above-mentioned invisible radiation, can emit fluorescent light in the visible wavelength range. The radiation-sensitive surface is formed of a material which, irrespective of the position, emits fluorescent light of different wavelengths as a function of the wavelength of the excitation radiation, and the radiation source can emit excitation radiation of different wavelengths.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention provides a backlight for an LCD display. The backlight uses a two-dimensional array of single color or white LEDs and a diffusing or phosphor coated cover plate. Various electrical connections of the LEDs and various phosphor color-conversion techniques are described.

Abstract: An optical shifter includes at least one shifting section that periodically displaces the optical axis of incoming linearly polarized light. The shifting section includes first and second liquid crystal cells and a birefringent element. Each of the liquid crystal cells changes the polarization direction of the incoming light from a first direction into a second direction, or vice versa, responsive to a voltage being applied to the cell. The first and second directions are perpendicular to each other. The birefringent element changes its refractive indices with the polarization direction of the light incident thereon. The first and second cells and the birefringent element are arranged to transmit the incoming light in this order. The liquid crystal layer of the second cell compensates for a disturbance in polarization that was caused while the incoming linearly polarized light was transmitted through the liquid crystal layer of the first cell.

Abstract: The invention relates to a color liquid crystal display device with a combination of light shutters that utilize a liquid crystal, a color filter having color elements of at least three colors of red, green and blue corresponding to the light shutters, and a backlight for transmission illumination.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of optical devices, in particular liquid crystal imagers, as well as the mirrors associated with these optical devices. The optical device is angled, and includes at least one lamp and a channel guiding at least some of the light coming from the lamp, as well as a mirror in an angled part of the optical device, consisting of a sheet which is folded so that, on the one hand, it can be partially introduced into the channel and, on the other hand, once introduced into the channel and immobilized therein, it can reflect some of the light coming from the lamp into a determined direction. The invention may, in particular, be applied to liquid crystal imagers for military aircraft.

Abstract: A display device includes an ultraviolet light (UV light) source, a light guide; a movable element; phosphor elements, including phosphor particles in an embedding material, that emit visible light at different colors when excited by UV light; and electrodes arranged so that electric voltage applied to the electrodes can generate an electric field to move the movable element into contact with the light guide to couple light out of the light guide.

Abstract: Display devices are disclosed of a high brightness, high contrast and large viewing angle that comprise at least one thin, photoluminescent layer that is characterized in a high degree of polarization in its absorption. Also disclosed are methods for making same.

Abstract: There are provided color liquid crystal display devices with high color purity of NTSC percentage of at least 80%.

Abstract: A display device using an organic light emitting element is provided which is structured so as to ensure excellent display performance by avoiding dot defect and improve long-term reliability. The distance between an organic light emitting element and a sealing substrate is controlled using the top of a bank that is placed in a pixel portion and the top of an insulating film that is placed in a driving circuit portion. As a result, a gap is provided between the organic light emitting element and the sealing substrate and a damage to the organic light emitting element can be avoided. Furthermore, the sealing substrate can be as close to an element substrate as possible, thereby keeping the amount of moisture that enters the display device from its sides small.

Abstract: A color liquid crystal display device is disclosed which is capable of securing sufficient luminance while achieving a high National Television System Committee (NTSC) ratio. Specifically, a liquid crystal display device is disclosed which includes a cold cathode fluorescent light tube as a light source, and a liquid crystal display panel for displaying images by controlling transmission of light from the cold cathode fluorescent light tube. The liquid crystal display panel includes a color filter substrate having color filter layers of red, green and blue, a thin film transistor (TFT) array substrate, and a liquid crystal material filled between the TFT array substrate and the color filter substrate. The cold cathode fluorescent light tube is a tri-phospher fluorescent fluorescent light tube, which utilizes Zn2SiO4:Mn as a green phosphor.

Abstract: A flat lamp for emitting light to a surface area of a liquid crystal display device includes a bottom having a channel uniformly crossing an entire surface of the bottom, an arc-discharging gas is disposed within the channel, a cover disposed upon an upper junction surface of the bottom, the cover is coated with a fluorescent material, and an electric field generating means for generating an electric field, wherein the electric field generating means is placed along opposing lateral sides of the channel.

Abstract: A liquid crystal is configured as a photonic crystal by an establishment of a network of biased liquid crystal regions within the liquid crystal. The liquid crystal is situated between a dielectric plane including an electrode plate and a glass plate, and a dielectric plane including a glass plate and a plurality of electrode pixels. The network is established by a selective application of one or more electric potentials between an electrode plate and one or more of the electrode pixels.

Abstract: A light guide capable of optically changing color of light is disposed on a liquid crystal display. A lighting module having the light guide is disposed under the liquid crystal module of the display. A brightening layer and a color-changing layer are integrally disposed under a light outgoing face of the light guide. The brightening layer is composed of a number of optical particles. An outer surface of each optical particle is formed with multiple irregular projections. The color-changing layer is blended with predetermined color material.

Abstract: Discloses is a DC type plasma display panel for back light of liquid crystal display device. The disclosed DC type plasma display for back light comprises a rear substrate functioning as a cathode electrode; an anode electrode plate arranged over the rear substrate with a predetermined distance and having a plurality of holes therein; a seal frame sealing the rear substrate and the anode electrode plate by inserting between the rear substrate and the anode electrode plate; a front substrate arranged over the anode electrode plate with a predetermined distance and having a fluorescent layer formed on the down side thereof; a plurality of spacers interposed between the anode electrode plate and the front substrate; a seal paste sealing the edges of the anode electrode plate and the front substrate; and a discharge gas filled in the space between the rear substrate and the front substrate.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device according to the present intention, a retardation plate and a polarizer plate are stacked on one side of a liquid crystal panel. A second retardation plate and a second polarizer plate are stacked in the other side of liquid crystal panel. The liquid crystal panel has a pair of transparent substrates, i.e., a first transparent substrate and second transparent substrate, and nematic liquid crystal layer is interposed between the pair of transparent substrates. A semi-transmissive film is provided on an inner surface of the second transparent substrate. The semi-transmissive film has both a light reflective property and a light transmissive property, and is totally composed of a dielectric material. More specifically, the semi-transmissive film has a multi-layered laminate structure including high refractivity dielectric layers and low refractivity dielectric layers stacked in an alternating relation.

Abstract: A flat fluorescent lamp is provided with one or more protrusions at the periphery thereof, which protrusion(s) extends outwardly beyond the edges of the two glass plates. A lamp holder receives the protrusion of the flat fluorescent lamp so as to hold the same in a manner that no edges of the two parallel glass plates touch or come into contact with the lamp holder.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus includes a liquid crystal panel, a transparent light guide panel disposed in front of the liquid crystal panel and having one irregular surface for emitting light entering from a light source toward the liquid crystal panel, and a reflector disposed behind the liquid crystal panel for reflecting light passing through the light guide panel and the liquid crystal panel toward the liquid crystal panel and the light guide panel. The irregular surface of the light guide panel is partially formed with an absorbing layer for absorbing external light or a light storing layer for storing light.

Abstract: The invention describes a liquid crystal color picture screen with an improved luminous efficacy and an improved viewing angle. The liquid crystal color picture screen comprises a photoluminescent layer (7) which contains a dichroically absorbing color agent and an isotropically emitting color agent.

Abstract: Light from an EL backlight is used effectively without a condensing unit such as a lens sheet. A liquid crystal display includes a liquid crystal display panel provided with multiple openings allowing adjustable in light transference quantity and an EL backlight being an approximate size of the liquid crystal display panel and irradiating the liquid crystal display panel from the back. Concave luminous parts respectively corresponding to the openings are formed in a luminous layer of the EL backlight. Light generated in the concave luminous part is repeatedly reflected by an inner wall of the concave luminous part and then goes out along the central axis of the concave luminous part, therefore, the light has a strong directivity to the opening corresponding to the concave luminous part.

Abstract: A flat panel display system utilizing a light pipe having vapor deposited highly reflective material on a light pipe. The flat panel display may be used in a portable electronic device. One embodiment discloses deposition of a highly reflective material (e.g., SiO2 or TiO2) around the non-viewing areas of a light pipe that provides light to the display screen. Front lighting embodiments and back lighting embodiments are described. One embodiment further discloses deposition of reflective material on the surface of microstructures of the light pipe to enhance light reflection and to prevent light escape. Another embodiment of the present invention discloses the coating or vapor deposition of phosphor material on the light pipe. This embodiment utilizes a blue light or IR light with the phosphor layer, to create a long lasting white light which is appealing for many portable electronic device displays.

Abstract: A reflection-type color liquid crystal display device comprises: an STN liquid crystal cell (20) having nematic liquid crystal (6), which is aligned at a twist angle of 180° to 270°, sandwiched between a transparent first substrate (1) having first electrodes (3) and a transparent second substrate (2) having second electrodes (4), in which the first substrate or the second substrate is provided with a color filter (7) of a plurality of colors; an absorption-type polarizing film (11) placed on the visible side of the second substrate (2) over a retardation film (12); and a diffusing layer (13), a reflection-type polarizing film (14), and a light absorbing layer (15) arranged in order on the other side of the visible side of the first substrate (1). Accordingly, a bright color display with high contrast and excellent colors can be realized.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus provides an improved light utilization efficiency and improved collimation. The illumination apparatus has a light guide, a collimating unit provided at least on one side of the light guide for collimating rays incident on the light guide, and a light source disposed in the vicinity of the collimating unit and surrounded by a reflector. Preferably, in order for the light guide to be able to emit collimated light uniformly from its emission surface, the light guide has inclined reflecting irregularities or stepwise reflecting plates which are provided directly or via an air gap on a back surface opposite to the emission surface thereof, wherein the inclined reflecting plates are specular-finished at least on the inclined portions.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display is formed by a liquid crystal display panel for modulating light to form an image, and a back light unit including a lamp tube which is discharged by an electrode and is disposed behind said liquid crystal display panel, wherein said electrode is formed outside of said lamp tube. In this way, the liquid crystal display unit has a life span which can be increased without the need to replace the lamp tube or the back light unit.

Abstract: A liquid crystal color display screen, which is provided with an electro-optical medium, two parallel transparent substrates by which the electro-optical medium is flanked, means for influencing the transmission state of the electro-optical medium, a phosphor layer comprising at least two phosphors on the first substrate, a radiation source for emitting radiation having a maximum emission at a wavelength &lgr;1<360 nm, which radiation source is situated at the side of the second substrate, and means for transforming the radiation having a maximum emission at a wavelength &lgr;1<360 nm to radiation having a maximum emission at a wavelength &lgr;2>360 nm.

Abstract: Display device in which light is generated in patterned areas of electroluminescent material (via UV radiation, LED-driving or optical pumping), which light leaves the areas by waveguiding along edges of said area, where it is directed to the viewer by light-scattering or reflecting elements.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display screen provided with a liquid crystal layer, two parallel transparent substrates by which the liquid crystal layer is flanked, a means for influencing the transmission state of the liquid crystal layer, a blue-emitting radiation source for radiation with a maximum emission at a wavelength of 400<&lgr;1<450 nm at the side of the first substrate, and a first phosphor layer comprising at least one phosphor, which phosphor layer is situated on the second substrate.

Abstract: Light source having a luminescent layer (3,8) whose light is guided through an optical filter (5,9) comprising at least one cholesteric crystal layer (cholesteric filter).

Abstract: Novel liquid crystal display (LCD) structures for full-color liquid crystal displays using photoluminescent (PL) fibers. The new architectures simplify the LCD fabrication process by replacing complicated, time consuming photolithography steps for color filter fabrication to a low-cost, high-throughput fiber spinning technology. The new LCD architecture implementing the approach has a higher power efficiency than conventional LCDs. Three structures of LCD devices utilizing photoluminescent (PL) fiber arrays includes: a first structure having PL fiber arrays situated behind the LC shutter (relative to viewers); a second structure having PL fiber arrays situated on top of the LC shutter; and a third structure where the PL fiber arrays are located outside the LC cell. In one of these structures, the fibers not only photoluminesce, but also polarize incident light thus reducing LCD fabrication cost.

Abstract: A light emitting layer containing a fluorescent material is provided on the back surface of a liquid crystal panel. External light transmitted by the liquid crystal panel and incident on the light emitting layer causes the light emitting layer to emit light to illuminate the back surface of the liquid crystal panel. Moreover, the light emitting layer is formed as an anisotropic conductive light emitting layer in which the current flow is allowed only along the thickness of the anisotropic conductive light emitting layer. An electronic part for driving liquid crystal is mounted on the anisotropic conductive light emitting layer and connected to the electrodes of the liquid crystal panel through the anisotropic conductive light emitting layer.

Abstract: A display device includes a shutter layer of liquid-crystal material arranged in cells to shutter input light selectively, a cover layer 5 on the shutter layer, and a set of phosphors 7 on the cover layer, corresponding to the cells, to be activated by the input light and provide the display image. To prevent crosstalk the active cell areas 10 defined by the electrode overlaps are smaller than the corresponding phosphors. This prevents crosstalk between cells even when input light that is not fully collimated is used and also allows space for thicker and/or broader electrodes 12 leading to the cells, reducing resistance, and for other components such as TFTs.

Abstract: A display device is provided which produces a bright display and prevents parallax. Aluminum electrodes, color filters, a polarized light separator and a diffusion layer are provided in this order between a glass substrate and a STN liquid crystal inward of the glass substrate. A polarized light separator is used in which, of the light incident on the STN liquid crystal 50 side, a linearly-polarized light component in a predetermined second direction is transmitted as linearly-polarized light in the second direction, and a linearly-polarized light component in a third direction perpendicular to the predetermined second direction is reflected, and the light incident on a same side as the aluminum electrodes is emitted as linearly-polarized light in the second direction to a same side as the STN liquid crystal.

Abstract: A display makes use of circularly polarised activation light; to this end it comprises a liquid crystal cell (7) acting as a half-wave plate so as to reverse the handedness of incident light in one setting and not to affect the handedness in another, and a filter (9) such as a cholesteric mirror for passing only that part of the light from the liquid crystal that has a predetermined handedness. When the light is passed by the filter (9), it strikes a photoluminescent screen (12), causing it to emit visible light for the display. The nematic cell is easy to produce and to switch, and the display does not need polarisers.