Abstract: Apparatus is provided for permitting viewing of images carried by a motion picture film strip contained within a film cassette, of the type having a permanent prismatic reflective element at its exposure/projection station, through the taking lens of a motion picture camera. The viewing apparatus includes means for cooperating with the movie camera and the cassette for directing light into the reflecting prism to result in projection of the image carried by the frame of the film strip at the projection station along the taking lens axis of the camera. An optical viewing attachment is provided for establishing visual access along the lens axis. The viewing attachment includes an objective lens disposed along the lens axis to receive an aerial image formed by the camera's taking lens, and a reflective element disposed along the lens axis outwardly from the objective lens to receive the image formed by the objective lens and to direct this image along a viewing axis substantially perpendicular to the lens axis.

Abstract: An assembly for housing microfilm is provided. The assembly includes a first cartridge, a second cartridge, and a connector assembly for detachably connecting the first cartridge to the second cartridge along an offset axis of the assembly. The first and second cartridges have a base plate and a cover plate secured together by a second connector assembly. The first connector assembly pivotally connects the two base plates together at a pivot point to allow each of the cartridges to rotate about the offset axis. The offset axis extends through the pivot point and is perpendicular to the plane formed by the junction of the first cartridge and the second cartridge.

Abstract: A doctoring surface conformation for applicator nozzle structures in photographic film cassette contained processors by which a coating of processing fluid is deposited on exposed film strip moving in a given direction of film advancement. The conformation includes a first doctoring surface extending from adjacent a trailing portion of a nozzle opening, when viewed in the given direction, and converging in the given direction toward the film strip. Terminating by a given distance from the film strip is an edge of the first surface which enables such surface to trap particles of at least a predetermined size carried by such film strip.

Abstract: A multipurpose audio/visual film cassette including supply and takeup spools in which opposite ends of a film strip are coupled for alternate winding and unwinding during passage through a first path for film exposing, processing and projecting operations with an audio tape also coupled at least on one end with the supply spool and interwound with the film strip to pass through a separate path, and a separating web is coupled at least on one end to the supply spool and preferably extending directly to the takeup spool in a third path. The separating web is arranged to overlie the side of the film strip on which processing fluid is deposited so as to be wound in convolutions between such side and the sound tape in order to prevent adherence of the sound tape to the film strip as a result of being interwound therewith before the processing fluid has dried.

Abstract: A film cassette for containing and displaying an endless loop of film has a housing constructed of two symmetrical elements, an end of the housing being deeper to accommodate a larger portion of the film. Apertures are formed in opposing sides of the housing and extend the full width of each side or approximately twice the width of a frame of film. A dual film gate assembly is contained within the housing and has two back plates to support the film and two snap on front plates which define a film gate on either side through which a leader of film is threaded. Both the back plates and the front plates have openings which approximate the size of a frame of film to allow light to pass from one aperture to the other in a straight line path. A film advancing means consists generally of a shaft having two sprockets mounted thereon, each sprocket extending through an index slot in a film guide plate and having teeth or other structure to positively engage the film and advance it through the film slot.

Abstract: A doctoring surface conformation for applicator nozzle structures in photographic film cassette contained processors by which a coating of processing fluid may be deposited on a moving run of an exposed film strip. The doctoring surface conformation is defined as a planar surface spaced in parallel relation to the film strip which is urged toward a pair of guide tracks positioned on opposite sides of the planar surface. The sides or edges of the doctoring surface are delimited by vertical walls converging in the direction of film strip travel so as to develop a suitable hydrodynamic force in the processing fluid while minimizing the capture of minute foreign particles such as dust which may be carried on the surface of the film strip to be coated.

Abstract: The housing of a rechargeable magazine for 8-millimeter motion picture film has two chambers one of which contains unexposed and the other of which contains exposed film. The exposed film is convoluted on a core which is rotatable in the other chamber and is coaxial with a stationary core for unexposed film. The rotary core carries an elastic pawl which normally engages one of several internal teeth in an annular internal sleeve of the housing to prevent rotation of such core in a direction to pay out the film. The rotary core further comprises a flange which overlies the pawl and has an opening through which the pawl can be reached by a tool in order to allow for deformation of the pawl so that the rotary core can be rotated in a direction to pay out exposed film.

Abstract: A film projector system including a sealed film cassette removeably mounted ithin an aperture in the projector and driving means in said projector mechanically engaging coupling means extending through said cassette for driving the sealed film between hubs sealed in said cassette intermittently past a film projection location in said cassette and continuously past a sound detection location therein, with the projection plane of the film at said projector locations being disposed normal to the projector optical projection optical sound beams and twisted ninety degrees with respect to the plane of that portion of the film wound on said hubs so that the projector beams do not pass between the film hubs.

Abstract: A portable hand held and manually operated label printer and a method of its use in transferring information from a master plate onto a pressure sensitive label. The printer consists of a magazine section wherein a continuous roll of serially linked pressure sensitive labels are installed with the roll end thereof threaded through an appropriate passage into a manually operated label receiving and printing group. A printing roller arranged on a spring biased slide within the label receiving and printing group, is manually displaced to travel over one of the pressure sensitive labels, sandwiching it against a master plate, transferring raised characters formed on the master plate into the label.

Abstract: A film storage and developing cassette comprising a closed elongated flattened box-like structure having top and bottom panels, side walls and end walls defining a generally closed light-proof enclosure, and film storage compartment means within said box-like structure, having generally rounded walls therearound, for storing a coiled length of photographic film, and feed passage means communicating between said storage compartment and the exterior of said box-like structure, for the passage of said film therealong, and film development chamber means within said box-like structure, alongside said film storage compartment means, and return passageway means for feeding of said film back into said box-like structure, said return passageway means communicating with said development chamber means, and normally closed port means adapted to be opened after exposure of said film, for introduction of developer chemicals into said development chamber.

Abstract: A mounting arrangement is provided for supporting an idler roller which is adapted to backup a constant speed drive capstan in a multipurpose photographic film cassette having a sound capability. The roller support includes a C-shaped bracket having an intermediate leg and upper and lower legs which extend respectively above and below the roller and which are provided with openings to receive and support a mounting pin which extends through a central opening in the roller. The lower leg is attached to a sidewall of the housing and the upper leg is provided with an extension which is adapted to engage a structural portion of the cassette in a manner to resist the force imparted to the upper end of the idler roller mounting pin by the drive capstan.

Abstract: A backup support arrangement is provided against which a film strip, carrying a magnetic sound track adjacent one edge, is biased by a sound recording/playback transducer in a multipurpose photographic film cassette having a sound capability. The support arrangement engages the side of the film strip opposite the side carrying the magnetic sound track and is resiliently mounted in a manner such that the force imparted upon the backside of the film strip is distributed so that a significantly greater biasing force is imparted upon the backside of the film strip adjacent the edge carrying the magnetic sound track than upon the remainder of the film strip.

Abstract: A doctoring surface conformation for applicator nozzle structures in photographic film cassette contained processors by which a coating of processing fluid may be deposited on a moving run of an exposed film strip. The doctoring surface conformation is configured to present a plurality of relatively small entrance channels at the upstream or entrance end thereof and a single exit channel at the downstream or exit end thereof. In the preferred embodiment, the doctoring surface conformation is defined by a plurality of first inclined surfaces extending from the vicinity of the trailing edge of the fluid applicator nozzle and converging in the direction of film strip movement towards the surface of the film.

Abstract: A filmstrip cartridge for use with a complimentary filmstrip projector includes a hood hinged to a film containing housing. The cartridge features spring means to maintain the film in a coiled state during winding and unwinding, a force biased closure means, a film guide channel defined between the hood and the housing having friction reducing means to insure reliable film movement, and an optional positive film movement lock to prevent inadvertant film removal.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for positively retaining a slidably displaceable valve member in its stored position prior to initiation of the processing cycle in a multi-purpose film cassette of the type containing a photographic film strip for exposure, processing and viewing without removal from the cassette. A latching arm forming a part of the valve member is configured to prevent displacement of the valve member at all times prior to the movement of the pressure plate to the position it occupies during high speed continuous advancement of the film. Movement of the pressure plate to this position results in release of the latching arm and accordingly permits displacement of the valve member to its final position where it serves to seal off the processing fluid nozzle.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for positively retaining a slidably displaceable valve member in its stored position prior to initiation of the processing cycle in a multi-purpose film cassette of the type containing a photographic film strip for exposure, processing and viewing without removal from the cassette. A latching arm forming a part of the valve member is configured to prevent displacement of the valve member at all times prior to the movement of the pressure plate to the position it occupies during high speed continuous advancement of the film. The pressure plate is in operative engagement with the latching arm and movement of the pressure plate to this position results in positive displacement of the latching arm by the pressure plate to a position where the latching arm is no longer operable to prevent displacement of the valve. The valve is then free to be displaced to its final position where it serves to seal off the processing fluid nozzle.

Abstract: A viewer for a strip of film includes a support that has a space adjacent one end thereof for a rolled-up strip of film and a space adjacent the other end thereof for that rolled-up strip of film, has resilient film guides adjacent those spaces to hold that rolled-up strip of film, has a light-diffusing element, and has a film-moving element. That viewer also includes a walled cover which is selectively engageable with that support; but that support is able to receive and hold and move that strip of film while that walled cover is remote from that support. The resulting full and free accessability of the film-holding elements on the support facilitates quick and certain positioning of the film strip within the viewer.

Abstract: Photographic apparatus including an aperture plate adapted to cooperate with a pressure plate of a film handling cassette so as to laterally bow an incremental section of photographic film retained within the cassette into a precise location without contacting the usable portion of the emulsion. Additionally, the aperture plate is longitudinally channeled and includes a ramp extending along a portion of one side of the aperture plate channel so as to urge the film strip to its proper location as the film strip is translated traversely of the aperture plate during insertion of the cassette in the apparatus.

Abstract: A film strip cartridge having a film guide channel thru which film may be advanced has a film lock means disposed in the channel to selectively arrest the advancement of the film. The film lock is formed from a resilient wire which has a first end secured to a portion of the cartridge. A nub is formed in the wire intermediate to the first end and the distal end of the wire. The resilient wire urges the nub into one of the perforations formed along the margin of the film to arrest the longitudinal movement of the film and thereby prevent inadvertent film removal.

Abstract: A light-tight plastic cassette for a roll of light-sensitive photographic material, which may be readily assembled, and is constituted by an extruded tubular body portion and molded end caps. The end caps have uniformly spaced outer and interior flanges forming a channel engaging the end margins of said body portion, said interior flange having along its corner portions extensions which have an axial dimension exceeding the axial dimension of the outer flange.

Abstract: A film strip heating method and apparatus for use in photographic systems of the type in which a film strip, contained in a multi-purpose cassette during exposure, processing and projection, is processed by insertion of the cassette in a viewer operative to release a cassette-contained supply of processing fluid, and in which localized heating of the film strip is effected during the processing operation to enhance the diffusion transfer developing process. Heating and temperature sensing components located in the cassette are connected with a control circuit in the viewer automatically upon insertion of the cassette in the viewer.

Abstract: A film cartridge designed for permanent mounting on a movie projector having an automatic feed mechanism. The cartridge includes a generally rectangular housing for enclosing the entire film reel. A reciprocating spindle is slidably mounted by a pair of pins to captivate the film reel in an approximately precise orientation to permit the automatic feed mechanism to strip the leading edge from the reel and guide the leading edge into the machine. The reciprocal movement of the spindle is accomplished by a cam slot provided in a sliding cover permitting the insertion and removal of film reels without the expense of a cassette for each reel.

Abstract: Film strip projection device for the projection of endless film strip, especially slide film strips, which is passed along a film trap of a projection optics system, by a transport device which catches in the film perforation. The film strip is guided in a closed, essentially ring-form track, whose length is only a little shorter or equal to the length of the film strip.

Abstract: A cassette which can be readily mounted in a microfilm or microfiche camera adapted to store unexposed film and the film when exposed; a suction platen within the cassette adapted to hold the film at a filming station and/or a titling station within the camera. One cassette is provided to hold roll film which may be driven by a friction drive arrangement on the camera by a stepping mechanism within the cassette. Another cassette is provided to hold unexposed and exposed microfiche laminae and may be arranged to be driven in a similar fashion to the roll film cassette. A further cassette has an arrangement whereby moving of roll film is achieved by the suction platen. The camera is preferably arranged to carry several cassettes of either type and of different film widths.

Abstract: A film cartridge having a film to be projected, a magnetic tape with a sound signal and film feeding signals, a housing for accommodating therein the film and tape separately therein, a reflector for projecting light passing the film and a locking mechanism for locking the film when it is not driven.A cartridge autoslide or player for the film cartridge mentioned as above having a housing with an opening for receiving the cartridge, a light source for projecting light on to the reflector of the film cartridge, an optical device for projecting the light passed through the film onto a screen, a film driving mechanism, a tape driving device and an unlocking mechanism for automatically unlocking the film locking mechanism when the cartridge is inserted into the autoslide.

Abstract: Apparatus for facilitating the achievement of locking engagement between the film strip contained in a film cassette of the type in which the film may be exposed, processed and projected without removal from the cassette, and a pull-strip for removing a tear-tab closure initially sealing a supply of processing fluid within the cassette. The supply end of the film strip contains a bottle-shaped aperture through which a tapered latching tongue provided at the free end of the pull-strip passes upon initiation of rewind after exposure. The supply reel hub is provided with a latching tongue receiving surface lying below the film receiving surface of the hub which, upon continued advancement of the film strip, receives and supports the latching tongue to fold it back upon itself.

Abstract: A photographic film cassette including a drive transmission arrangement configured for operating a film capstan and for selectively driving supply and take-up reels of the cassette responsive to projector driving operation. The cassette is a large capacity film cassette for use with automatic projector apparatus of the type having a cassette-receiving well smaller than the space occupied by take-up and supply reels of the large capacity cassette and is provided with a tongue-like housing portion receivable in the cassette well of the projection apparatus. Contained within the cassette is reversible drive transmission by which drive spindles in the cassette well are coupled to both an isolating capstan and the film reels to effect advancing movement of the film strip from the supply reel to the take-up reel during projection and rewinding movement of the film strip back to the supply reel after projection.

Abstract: A camera-processor magazine is disclosed having a cartridge for storing light sensitive roll material, together with means for driving such material out of the cartridge and upon an exposure platen. A roller curtain for shielding the material when the magazine is open also functions to guide the leading portion of the roll material across the exposure platen and into the nip of a pair of exit rollers.

Abstract: A flow camera having film that moves only when an exposure is being made. A three-piece cassette is assembled and coacts with film path rollers for easy threading upon the rotation of a knob. Subsequent rotation of the knob fastens the cassette in place and positions capstan and dancer rollers for defining the operating film path. A double spring determines the egress film tension and a lever-roller combination having mechanical connection to the ingress dancer arm determines the ingress film tension. A fast slow motion is provided by acting upon the mechanical connection between the ingress dancer arm and the ingress film clutch.

Abstract: A film projector system including a sealed film cassette removably mounted ithin an aperture in the projector and driving means in said projector mechanically engaging coupling means extending through said cassette for driving the sealed film between hubs sealed in said cassette intermittently past a film projection location gate in said cassette and continuously past a sound detection location therein, with the projection plane of the film at said projector locations being disposed normal to the projector optical projection optical sound beams and twisted ninety degrees with respect to the plane of that portion of the film wound on said hubs so that the projector beams do not pass between the film hubs.

Abstract: Cassette magazine for motion-picture films comprising: a flat container having on a sidewall thereof a longitudinal sliding and exposing opening for the film drawn by conventional means of the projector, and a disc rotably carried in the container and having a control or drive portion thereof which can be accessed to through an opening formed in a sidewall of said magazine, wherein the disc carrying the film roll has on the side facing inwardly of the container a coaxial sprocket, about which the inner turns of the film are arranged; at least one guide roller for the unwound film length; a pressing member of the film against the projection window; at least one guide roller for carrying the projected film towards the external periphery of the film roll and rewinding it on the outer turns of the film roll, guide tabs being provided on the lid and other means for maintaining the film turns at matching condition in the zone about the sprocket.

Abstract: A wound roll of filmstrip of the type having a photographic emulsion layer on one strip face and a raised stripe disposed along one edge of the opposite strip face is so formed as to produce temporary adhesion between the stripe of one convolution and the emulsion layer of an adjacent convolution. Such adhesion or tacking, restricts relative movement of the convolutions, thereby avoiding effective axial expansion of the roll and the resultant generation of undue frictional forces during advancement of the strip through a cartridge in which it is housed.Such tacking may be achieved by forming the strip into a roll and by so applying energy to a flat end face of the roll as to cause localized melting of the emulsion layer of one convolution at its interface with the raised stripe of an adjacent convolution, whereupon subsequent cooling and rehardening of the emulsion produces adhesion of the convolutions at such interface.

Abstract: A cassette for tape-shaped record carriers having optically viewable recordings has a housing provided with a pair of opposite but spaced end walls and a pair of opposite but spaced side walls which connect the end walls and one of which is transparent. A pair of tape hubs is rotatably mounted in the housing and a tape is convoluted on and extends between the hubs for travel from one to the other thereof. One of the end walls is provided with an opening through which a recording device has access to the tape so as to provide recordings on the same. A guide arrangement in the interior of the housing guides the tape so that when it travels from one to the other of the hubs it must first pass the opening and thereupon must travel past the transparent side wall so that, when the cassette is inserted into an optical readout device, the recordings on the tape are visible through the side wall.

Abstract: The camera is for use with film cartridges and is provided with an internal support member within the camera housing which has a film engagement surface thereon. Side walls of a guide channel extend from the support member substantially beyond the plane of the film engagement surface. When the cartridge is fitted in the camera the cartridge web is located in the guide channel together with the film and the film engagement surface presses against the film to bring this into contact with a film conveying surface on said cartridge.

Abstract: The film cassette comprising the usual delivery chamber and take-up chamber for a film provided with a feed perforation and a bridge which connects the two chambers. A feed slot in said bridge extends in the travel direction of the film, a lateral edge of the feed slot having an offset in the end of the slot directed towards the take-up chamber. In this manner, the feed claw of the camera has to perform a lateral movement to effect unlocking of the shutter release mechanism or locking of a further cocking and film transport operation.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an improved means for assuring the proper alignment of the leader on the end of a film strip for a roll of film disposed in a cartridge, whereby, when the cartridge is placed in a viewing or reproducing machine, the end of the strip will be properly picked up and threaded into the machine, wherein the strip has a friction portion that engages with the exit or entrance throat of the cartridge and an indicator on the strip to show when the film is pulled out to the proper position for threading into a machine.

Abstract: A movie camera capable of magnetic recording on a loaded film simultaneously with filming includes a pinch roller carried by a bracket which is swingable relatively to the camera body. The pinch roller is movable relatively to the bracket. The bracket is movable in response to the closing operation of a lateral cover of the camera to a position where the pinch roller is adjacent to a capstan and restrained immovably in the position. In response to the operation of a release element for initiating recording, the pinch roller is moved by a spring member into rolling engagement with the film to urge the same into contact with the capstan for recording on the film along a recording track.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a motion picture camera which includes an openable cover for loading a film magazine containing a film capable of recording sound information. A sound recording device for recording the sound information on the film and a movable device for moving either the sound recording device or the film to a position at which the sound can be recorded is also included. An operation device for operating the opening and the closing of the openable cover can be displaced to three positions, i.e. the first, the second and the third position. The operation is carried out stepwise so that, at the first position, the movable device operates while the openable cover is locked; at the second position, the movable device does not operate while the openable cover is locked; and at the third position, the movable device does not operate while the openable cover is freed. At least one of the three position being non-linear with respect to the other two.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a camera capable of simultaneous film and sound recording and into which film magazine housing a film with a sound recording belt can be loaded. The camera has a sound recording device for recording sound on said sound recording belt of the film while photographing is made and also a driving device to continuously run the above mentioned film against said sound recording device. The camera can be shifted to the simultaneous sound recording state in response to the shutter release operation of the camera being in the preparation completion state for photographing with simultaneous sound recording.

Abstract: A wound roll of filmstrip of the type having a photographic emulsion layer on one strip face and a raised stripe disposed along one edge of the opposite strip face is so formed as to produce temporary adhesion between the stripe of one convolution and the emulsion layer of an adjacent convolution. Such adhesion or tacking, restricts relative movement of the convolutions, thereby avoiding effective axial expansion of the roll and the resultant generation of undue frictional forces during advancement of the strip through a cartridge in which is is housed.Such tacking may be achieved by forming the strip into a roll and by so applying energy to a flat end face of the roll as to cause localized melting of the emulsion layer of one convolution at its interface with the raised stripe of an adjacent convolution, whereupon subsequent cooling and rehardening of the emulsion produces adhesion of the convolutions at such interface.

Abstract: A film projection viewing system employs a projector to receive cartridges loaded into the projector in a manner completing a light path through the projector to a viewing screen. A film projector and cartridge having a substantially self-contained film transport therein cooperates to provide a system having a lens system with a focal length setable to a predetermined position in response to insertion of a cartridge into the projector.

Abstract: A sound motion-picture system employing a film handling cassette within which the film is retained throughout all photographic and audio operations. The film handling cassette includes both an audio station and an exposure-projection station, and the camera and viewer apparatus includes a pair of drive arrangements for progressively advancing incremental sections of such film across the exposure-projection station and for substantially uniformly advancing the film strip through the audio station. To isolate these different film motions, the drive arrangements cooperate with the cassette to provide a free loop of film extending exteriorly of the cassette. A sensing element monitors the loop of film and adjusts one of the drives so as to retain the loop within predetermined limits. In the camera, the audio drive is coupled to the start switch so as to displace the audio drive into a standby position when the camera is not being operated.