Abstract: The invention refers to an arrangement and a method for determining a longitudinal position of a stopper for sealing a compartment of a translucent medicament container for a liquid medicament (M). The arrangement comprises a circular light source and a photo sensitive sensor, wherein either the light source or the sensor is laterally arrangeable next to the medicament container extending over at least part of the length of the medicament container, and wherein the respective other of the light source and the sensor is arrangeable in a circular manner around a head of the medicament container. The light source is arranged to emit light into the medicament container. The light is scattered by the medicament or medicament container and detected by the sensor. The sensor is connected to a processor unit for detecting the position of the stopper).

Abstract: A sheathless flow cytometry system is disclosed wherein a fluid containing particles of interest is illuminated in the sensing region with a light source. Light resulting from the interaction of the particles with the illumination is received by a lens, and focused toward a field stop having an aperture comprising relatively large end portions and a relatively small center portion. Light deflectors are disposed over the relatively large end portions of the aperture. The system is arranged such that light from particles in focus in the sensing region is focused on the relatively small center portion of the aperture. Peripheral detectors receive light from the light deflectors, and a center light detector receives light passing through the center portion. The detector signals may be used to identify which of the detector signals correspond to particles in focus as they passed through the sensing region.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring the light scattering properties of a sample in a liquid medium, wherein the liquid medium with the sample is illuminated by a laser beam in a measuring cell transversely to the direction of filling the liquid medium in the measuring cell or transversely to the flow direction of the liquid medium within the measuring cell, comprising a laser, a cylindrical measuring cell, a first inner aperture system, a second outer aperture system and at least two detectors, wherein the detectors are arranged outside of the second outer aperture system so that they collect the light scattered on the sample within set, different angle ranges, wherein the first inner aperture system and the second outer aperture system are formed and arranged circularly and concentrically around the axis of the measuring cell. Use of the apparatus and a method that makes use of the apparatus are also disclosed.

Abstract: A smoke detector (1) includes: a light emitting section (6); a light receiving section (7); a smoke detecting section (12), the smoke detector (1) being configured to detect smoke or the like in a manner that the light receiving section (7) receives, via a light transmissive member (11), scattered light generated when light emitted from the light emitting section (6) is scattered in the smoke detecting section (12) due to particles of the smoke or the like; and a test light source (22) provided for detecting light receiving sensitivity of the light receiving section. The smoke detector (1) is further configured to detect a reduction in the light receiving sensitivity of the light receiving section (7) through detection of an increase in received light intensity of test light, which is emitted from the test light source (22) and is received by the light receiving section (7).

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining characteristics of particles, by measuring characteristics which are related to the velocity of the particles. Particle size distribution is determined from motion of the particles in an acceleration field, or from Brownian motion of the particles. Zeta potential and particle mobility are determined by measuring velocity related characteristics of charged particles in an electric field. Particle velocity characteristics are determined by measuring dynamic properties of light, which is scattered by the particles. A light source illuminates the particles. Scattered light, from the particles, is mixed with light, from the light source, onto at least one light detector. The detector produces a signal, which is indicative of velocity related characteristics of the particles. The velocity characteristics are also determined by measuring light scattered from particles moving through an illumination pattern, with a periodic intensity structure.

Abstract: A cell/particle analyzing device includes a light-emitting unit, a light-diverting unit, a first receiving unit and a second receiving unit. The light-emitting unit generates a first light beam. The light-diverting unit is connected to the light-emitting unit and has an input end, a bidirectional transceiving end and an output end. The input end receives the first light beam generated by the light-emitting unit. The bidirectional transceiving end transmits the first light beam generated by the light-emitting unit and receives a second light beam. The output end outputs the second light beam. The first receiving unit is connected to the output end of the light-diverting unit and receives the second light beam. The second receiving unit is aligned with the bidirectional transceiving end.

Abstract: An annular optical device (100) includes an annular meso-optic (1) including an annulus (11) centered about an axis of revolution (A) and a secondary optical structure (2) substantially coaxial within the annulus (11). The secondary optical structure (2) and the annular meso-optic (1) are separated by a media (12) including a media refractive index that is lower than the refractive index of the secondary optical structure. The secondary optical structure (2) holds a specimen to be radiated by impinging electromagnetic radiation. Scattered radiation from the secondary optical structure (2) and within the annulus (11) of the annular meso-optic (1) is allowed into the annular meso-optic (1) if an angle of incidence of the scattered radiation exceeds a predetermined incidence threshold. The annular meso-optic (1) re-directs the scattered radiation to comprise re-directed radiation that is substantially parallel to the axis of revolution (A).

Abstract: [Problem to be Solved] To provide a smoke sensing system, a smoke sensor and a receiver that can accurately determine the type of smoke.

Abstract: In one general aspect, a multi-sample liquid scattering measurement apparatus is disclosed. It includes a coherent light source having an optical output axis, with sample cells that each include a volume that intersects with the optical output axis. Detectors are each positioned to detect scattered light resulting from an interaction between light from the coherent light source and one of the cells. Light scattering analysis logic is responsive to the detectors and operative to determine a property of a liquid sample in each of the sample cells based on the detected scattered light.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for measuring a tissue parameter such as % StO2 in a tissue sample. One such method includes receiving first and second scattered light intensity signals at unique locations on a selected region of tissue from light injected into the region of tissue from a light source to identify a measured light attenuation data value. An electronic data store can be accessed that includes simulated light attenuation data determined from a mathematical tissue model at discrete points over a range of two or more tissue parameters, where the simulated light attenuation data are a function of one or more temperature-dependent light source spectra. The tissue parameter in the tissue sample can be determined by selecting a closest match between the measured light attenuation data and the simulated light attenuation data. An electronic signal representative of the determined tissue parameter can be sent to an output register.

Abstract: A sheathless flow cytometry system is disclosed wherein a fluid containing particles of interest, for example cells, flows through a sensing region, and is illuminated in the sensing region with one or more light source. Light resulting from the interaction of the particles with the illumination is received by an objective, and focused toward a field stop having an aperture comprising relatively large end portions and a relatively small center portion. Light deflectors, such as prisms, are disposed over the relatively large end portions of the aperture. The system is arranged such that light from particles in focus in the sensing region is focused on the relatively small center portion of the aperture. Peripheral detectors are positioned to receive light from the light deflectors, and a scatter detector is positioned to receive light passing through the center portion.

Abstract: A measuring unit for measuring a particulate concentration in exhaust gases using scattered light includes a measuring chamber, at least one light source and at least one light sensor, the measuring chamber being situated in the optical path of the light source; and the light sensor records the light scattered by the particulates in the measuring chamber. To detect the intensity of light beam that is relevant for a precise particulate measurement, a monitoring device is provided to detect the intensity of the light beam with the aid of a scattered radiation. The intensity of the light beam is recorded using a monitoring measurement, by ascertaining a scattered radiation and comparing it to a specified reference value for the scattered radiation. With the aid of the comparison, the intensity of the light source is regulated correspondingly and/or the measuring result of the particulate measurement is correspondingly corrected.

Abstract: Methods, storage mediums, and systems for correlating pulses generated from multiple interrogation regions in a flow cytometer to particular particles flowing through the flow cytometer are provided. Embodiments of the methods, storage mediums, and systems include configurations for calibrating a flow cytometer using a calibration particle having a unique signature to determine a time-of-flight for particles flowing through the flow cytometer. Based on the calculated time-of-flight and relative positions of interrogation regions corresponding to collectors of the flow cytometer, the methods, storage mediums, and systems may further include configurations for associating other signal pulses to particles of one or more different particle sets.

Abstract: A chromatographic optical detection system includes an optical detector disposed to receive light scattered from a stream of particles and configured to convert the received light to an electrical signal; a signal-processing unit in signal communication with the optical detector to receive the electrical signal, and configured to convert the electrical signal to digital pulses and count the digital pulses to output a first signal corresponding to a number of particles detected in a time interval, and configured to integrate and digitize the electrical signal to output a second signal corresponding to the number of particles detected in the time interval; and a data station in signal communication with the signal-processing unit, and configured to select the first signal, if the number of particles detected in the time interval is less than a threshold criterion, and to select the second signal if the number of particles detected in the time interval exceeds the threshold criterion.

Abstract: A system for locking a laser with a resonant optical cavity includes a laser that emits a laser beam, a resonant optical cavity having at least two cavity mirrors, one of which is a cavity coupling mirror, mode matching optics configured to couple the laser beam to the cavity via the cavity coupling mirror, means for applying a periodic dither or modulation waveform signal to the optical frequency of the incident laser beam or to the laser itself to thereby induce modulation of the intracavity optical power, and means for enabling a portion of the light emerging from the cavity coupling mirror to enter a cavity of the laser while maintaining an optical phase that results in periodic optical feedback locking whereby a mean optical frequency of the laser matches a resonance peak of the cavity.

Abstract: An apparatus for the detection of a fluid-borne particle (10) in an optically defined particle sensing zone, the apparatus comprising: i) a scattering chamber (40); ii) a means for providing a sample of fluid (34), containing the fluid-borne particle, in the form of a flow through the optically defined particle sensing zone; iii) A means for generating a beam of radiation (12) through the optically defined particle sensing zone; iv) a single reflector or refractor (14) means having a primary focus (16) within the optically defined particle sensing zone and a secondary focus (20) located outside the beam of radiation; v) a detector means comprising a first photosensitive detection area (26) a second photosensitive detection area (29); vi) a means for deriving area from the radiation detected by the first photosensitive detection area and second photosensitive detection area of the detection means wherein the single reflector or refractor means is adapted to direct radiation scattered from the fluid borne parti

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for detecting, classifying and identifying airborne and non-airborne particles on an individual basis in substantially real time by directing a particle stream to react with optical reporters and markers and then exposing the stream to an excitation source such that individual particles have their multiple identifying characteristics detected.

Abstract: An annular optical device (100) includes an annular meso-optic (1) including an annulus (11) centered about an axis of revolution (A) and a secondary optical structure (2) substantially coaxial within the annulus (11). The secondary optical structure (2) and the annular meso-optic (1) are separated by a media (12) including a media refractive index that is lower than the refractive index of the secondary optical structure. The secondary optical structure (2) holds a specimen to be radiated by impinging electromagnetic radiation. Scattered radiation from the secondary optical structure (2) and within the annulus (11) of the annular meso-optic (1) is allowed into the annular meso-optic (1) if an angle of incidence of the scattered radiation exceeds a predetermined incidence threshold. The annular meso-optic (1) re-directs the scattered radiation to comprise re-directed radiation that is substantially parallel to the axis of revolution (A).

Abstract: An interference object is identified in a scatter volume of an optical fire detector, which operates according to the scattered light principle. To achieve a higher level of interference protection using a simple structure in a compact fire detector, a common scatter volume is used instead of separate scatter volumes.

Abstract: A measuring apparatus includes a filter that transmits light of a predetermined wavelength; a first light receiving unit receives at least one of a first light that is output from a first light source, reflected by or transmitted through an object to be measured, and transmitted through the filter and a second light that is output from a second light source, reflected by or transmitted through the object to be measured, and transmitted through the filter, and through which a signal according to the received light travels; a second light receiving unit receives light of a different path from that received by the first light receiving unit; a difference extracting unit that obtains a difference signal between the signals traveling through the first and second light receiving units and an information generating unit that generates information of the object to be measured based on the difference signal.

Abstract: The various embodiments disclosed herein utilize multiple lasers that have different wavelengths and a single detection path. The lasers are mounted orthogonal to one another so that one laser will provide a forward angle light scatter (FALS) signal in the detection path, and one laser will provide a side scatter signal in the detection path (i.e., the single detection optics are approximately in-line with the FALS laser and approximately orthogonal to the side scatter laser). The single detector path spectrally separates the forward and side scatter signals prior to applying them to their respective detectors for measurement.

Abstract: Flow cytometer systems are provided having intermediate angle scatter detection capability. In some aspects, systems are provided that include an intermediate angle scatter (IAS) light detector positioned to measure intermediate angle scatter emitted from a flow cytometer. The system further includes a mask disposed across a portion of the IAS light detector and positioned between the flow cell and the IAS light detector to cover at least a central portion of the IAS light detector so as to block a diffraction pattern observed at the detector. In some instances, the diffraction pattern is created by a flat beam profile irradiating the sample. Methods are also provided for configuring a flow cytometer to block a diffraction pattern created by (1) a flat laser beam profile irradiating a flow cytometer liquid sample, or (2) a mismatched index of refraction between a sheath fluid and a liquid sample in a flow cytometer.

Abstract: A sheathless flow cytometry system is disclosed wherein a fluid containing particles of interest, for example cells, flows through a sensing region, and is illuminated in the sensing region with one or more light source. Light resulting from the interaction of the particles with the illumination is received by an objective, and focused toward a field stop having an aperture comprising relatively large end portions and a relatively small center portion. Light deflectors, such as prisms, are disposed over the relatively large end portions of the aperture. The system is arranged such that light from particles in focus in the sensing region is focused on the relatively small center portion of the aperture. Peripheral detectors are positioned to receive light from the light deflectors, and a scatter detector is positioned to receive light passing through the center portion.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flow cytometer using a spectral device and a multi-detector, in which setting of an optimum wavelength band prior to measuring fluorescence intensity in real time is supported. A signal processing unit stores the intensities in multiple wavelength bands, the intensities being obtained by measuring a calibration sample, and the distribution of the intensities is calculated and displayed by each of the wavelength bands.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring the light scattering properties of a sample in a liquid medium, wherein the liquid medium with the sample is illuminated by a laser beam in a measuring cell transversely to the direction of filling the liquid medium in the measuring cell or transversely to the flow direction of the liquid medium within the measuring cell, comprising a laser, a cylindrical measuring cell, a first inner aperture system, a second outer aperture system and at least two detectors, wherein the detectors are arranged outside of the second outer aperture system so that they collect the light scattered on the sample within set, different angle ranges, wherein the first inner aperture system and the second outer aperture system are formed and arranged circularly and concentrically around the axis of the measuring cell. Use of the apparatus and a method that makes use of the apparatus are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and systems for particle detection and analysis using two-dimensional optical imaging to access enhanced detection sensitivity and expanded sensing functionality relative to conventional point and array detection-based optical particle counters. Methods and systems of the present invention provide a two-dimensional optical imaging-based particle sensing platform wherein system components and specifications are selected to generate reproducible and readily identifiable signals, including particle detection signatures, from optical scattering or emission from particles provided to the system. Systems and methods of the present invention are capable of accurately and sensitively detecting, identifying, and characterizing (e.g., determining the size of) particles in liquid phase or gas phase samples.

Abstract: A particle detection and classification system is disclosed. The system determines the size of measured particles by measuring light scattered by the particles. The system simultaneously determines whether measured particles are biological or non-biological by measuring fluorescent light from the particles. The system uses a parabolic reflector, and optionally, a spherical reflector to collect fluorescence light.

Abstract: Aerosol and hydrosol particle detection systems without knowledge of a location and velocity of a particle passing through a volume of space, are less efficient than if knowledge of the particle location is known. An embodiment of a particle position detection system capable of determining an exact location of a particle in a fluid stream is discussed. The detection system may employ a patterned illuminating beam, such that once a particle passes through the patterned illuminating beam, a light scattering is produced. The light scattering defines a temporal profile that contains measurement information indicative of an exact particle location. However, knowledge of the exact particle location has several advantages. These advantages include correction of systematic particle measurement errors due to variability of the particle position within the sample volume, targeting of particles based on position, capture of particles based on position, reduced system energy consumption and reduced system complexity.

Abstract: A fluid characterization measuring instrument comprises a sample vessel (14) for a bulk complex sample fluid having a capacity that is substantially larger than a domain size of the complex sample fluid and that is sufficiently large to cause bulk scattering effects to substantially exceed surface effects for the complex fluid sample, a coherent light source (12) positioned to illuminate the bulk complex sample fluid in the sample vessel and a first fibre (16) having a first end positioned to receive backscattered light from the sample after it has interacted with the sample. The first fibre is positioned close enough to an optical axis of the coherent light source and to the sample vessel to substantially decrease a contribution of multiply scattered light in the backscattered light.

Abstract: Transducer modules for use in a blood analysis instrument and methods for analyzing a blood sample. The transducer modules presented generally include a light source, a focus-alignment system, a flow cell, and a light scatter detection system. Electrodes within the flow cell allow for the measurement of the DC impedance and RF conductivity of cells passing through a cell-interrogation zone in the flow cell. Light scatter from the cells passing through the cell-interrogation zone is measured by the light scatter detection system. The light scatter detection system measures the light scatter parameters of upper median light scatter, lower median angle light scatter, low angle light scatter, and axial light loss.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the photo-acoustic identification and quantification of one or more analyte species present in a gaseous or liquid medium in low concentration utilizing a laser and a resonant optical cavity containing the medium and having within the cavity at least two partially transparent mirrors, one of which is a cavity coupling mirror and one of which is moveably mounted on an assembly responsive to an input signal.

Abstract: An analysis device using scattering light is provided capable of, when a foreign substance such as a bubble is mixed in a measurement target or is attached in a reaction container, reducing the influence by the foreign substance while improving the S/N ratio characteristics. Two or more detectors are disposed on a plane orthogonal to an optical axis of light applied to the measurement target and on a circumference around the optical axis. A change in outputs from the detectors is observed, and a detector influenced by noise due to a foreign substance such as a bubble is specified for rejection, and outputs from the detectors are averaged.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for determining the static and/or dynamic scattering of light. In the method, a plurality of different zones within a sample vessel (6) is illuminated during various time periods, wherein light is scattered on the sample. The scattered light is detected by means of a plurality of detectors (11, 12, 13, 14), wherein during the implementation of the method each detector captures scattered light from a plurality of different zones, and during a time period each detector detects scattered light from one zone and generates a signal. Said signals are transmitted to an electronic evaluation unit and are processed by said unit, wherein in each case those signals which are generated by the same detector and result from the detection of scattered light from the same zone are processed together.

Abstract: The invention refers to an arrangement and a method for determining a longitudinal position of a stopper for sealing a compartment of a translucent medicament container for a liquid medicament (M). The arrangement comprises a circular light source and a photo sensitive sensor, wherein either the light source or the sensor is laterally arrangeable next to the medicament container extending over at least part of the length of the medicament container, and wherein the respective other of the light source and the sensor is arrangeable in a circular manner around a head of the medicament container. The light source is arranged to emit light into the medicament container. The light is scattered by the medicament or medicament container and detected by the sensor. The sensor is connected to a processor unit for detecting the position of the stopper).

Abstract: A laser and monitoring system is provided. In another aspect of the present invention, the system includes a laser, pulse shaper and detection device. A further aspect of the present invention employs a femtosecond laser and binary pulse shaping (BPS). Still another aspect of the present invention uses a laser beam pulse, a pulse shaper and a SHG crystal. In yet another aspect of the present invention, a multiphoton intrapulse interference phase scan (hereinafter “MIIPS”) method is used to characterize the spectral phase of femtosecond laser pulses and to correct them. A further aspect of the system of the present invention is employed to monitor environmental chemicals and biological agents, including toxins, explosives, and diseases.

Abstract: [Problem to be Solved] To provide a smoke sensing system, a smoke sensor and a receiver that can accurately determine the type of smoke.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and systems for particle detection and analysis using two-dimensional optical imaging to access enhanced detection sensitivity and expanded sensing functionality relative to conventional point and array detection-based optical particle counters. Methods and systems of the present invention provide a two-dimensional optical imaging-based particle sensing platform wherein system components and specifications are selected to generate reproducible and readily identifiable signals, including particle detection signatures, from optical scattering or emission from particles provided to the system. Systems and methods of the present invention are capable of accurately and sensitively detecting, identifying, and characterizing (e.g., determining the size of) particles in liquid phase or gas phase samples.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and systems for particle detection and analysis using two-dimensional optical imaging to access enhanced detection sensitivity and expanded sensing functionality relative to conventional point and array detection-based optical particle counters. Methods and systems of the present invention provide a two-dimensional optical imaging-based particle sensing platform wherein system components and specifications are selected to generate reproducible and readily identifiable signals, including particle detection signatures, from optical scattering or emission from particles provided to the system. Systems and methods of the present invention are capable of accurately and sensitively detecting, identifying, and characterizing (e.g., determining the size of) particles in liquid phase or gas phase samples.

Abstract: The preferred embodiments of the invention is an optical system for a flow cytometer including a flow channel with an interrogation zone, and an illumination source that impinges the flow channel in the interrogation zone from a particular direction. The optical system preferably includes a lens system and a detection system. The lens system preferably includes multiple lens surfaces arranged around the flow channel and adapted to collect and collimate light from the interrogation zone. The detection system preferably includes multiple detectors adapted to detect light from the lens system. Each detector preferably includes a local filter that independently filters for specific wavelengths. Thus, the user may easily swap the filters in any order to achieve the same detection parameters.

Abstract: Transducer modules for use in a blood analysis instrument and methods for analyzing a blood sample. The transducer modules presented generally include a light source, a focus-alignment system, a flow cell, and a light scatter detection system. Electrodes within the flow cell allow for the measurement of the DC impedance and RF conductivity of cells passing through a cell-interrogation zone in the flow cell. Light scatter from the cells passing through the cell-interrogation zone is measured by the light scatter detection system. The light scatter detection system measures the light scatter parameters of upper median light scatter, lower median angle light scatter, low angle light scatter, and axial light loss.

Abstract: An airborne multiple field-of-view water droplet sensor includes an illumination portion and a detection portion. The illumination portion includes a first optical beam emitter configured to output a light beam. The detection portion includes a kaleidoscope configured to channel a first portion of the backscattered light towards an inner reflective surface of a circle-to-line converter, a multiple field of view subsystem having at least a first detector configured to receive light reflected by the circle-to-line converter, and a single field-of-view subsystem configured to receive a second portion of the backscattered light, the second portion not having been reflected by the circle-to-line converter. The single field-of-view subsystem may include a dual channel circular polarization detector for distinguishing between liquid water droplets and ice crystals based on information in the single field-of-view.

Abstract: Provided is a laser microscope, in which laser irradiation optical systems (3, 4, 5, 6) are employed for coaxially irradiating a sample with a CARS laser beam and a Raman scattering laser beam, and CARS light is detected by CARS light detecting means (12) and Raman scattering light is detected by Raman scattering light detecting means (13). In this manner, Raman scattering light observation and CARS light observation can be selectively performed without moving the sample, so that the vibration frequency for the CARS light observation can be efficiently selected without needing complicated work.

Abstract: A sheathless flow cytometry system is disclosed wherein a fluid containing particles of interest, for example cells, flows through a sensing region, and is illuminated in the sensing region with one or more light source. Light resulting from the interaction of the particles with the illumination is received by an objective, and focused toward a field stop having an aperture comprising relatively large end portions and a relatively small center portion. Light deflectors, such as prisms, are disposed over the relatively large end portions of the aperture. The system is arranged such that light from particles in focus in the sensing region is focused on the relatively small center portion of the aperture. Peripheral detectors are positioned to receive light from the light deflectors, and a scatter detector is positioned to receive light passing through the center portion.

Abstract: A concave cell for the collection of radiated light including a body with a concave surface and an unmodified flat surface opposite thereto, and a reflective surface coupled to the body across from the concave surface, said reflective surface including an opening and a photo detector operatively coupled thereto. A method of collecting light by reflecting light inside the concave cell, striking the light at the concave surface, scattering the light at the concave surface, and registering the scattered light with the photo detector. A method of increasing uniformity of light registered in a photo detector. A method of making a concave cell.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for analyzing a tissue (70), which comprises: —irradiating the tissue (70) with light focused on a focal region (40); —collecting light coming back from the focal region (40) into a first detection device (100A), the first detection device (100A) being arranged to only collect the light coming back from the focal region (40), on a first detection area (140A), by confocal spectroscopy, in order to generate a first signal, containing information on an optical property of the tissue (70); —collecting light, scattered from the focal region (40) to at least a second region (60), coming back from the second region (60), into a second detection device (100B), the second detection device (100B) being arranged to only collect the light coming back from the second region (60), on a second detection area (140B), in order to generate a second signal, —using the first and second signals in order to get information on the scattering and/or absorption coefficients of the tissue (

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for measuring the optical absorption of samples having a light source (1), a photoelectric converter (8), a measurement beam path extending between the light source (1) and the converter (8), in which path the sample to be examined is arranged, a reference beam path extending between the light source (1) and the converter (8), in which path a reference sample is arranged, and a motor-driven chopper disc (10), the chopper disc (10) is configured with a first number of first openings (15) unblocking only the measurement beam path and a second number of second openings (16) unblocking only the path for the reference beam.

Abstract: The determination of wax crystal particle size and population is used to monitor the performance of wax crystallizers used in lubricant oil processing using solvent dewaxing. The wax crystal particle size is monitored using online measurements. The information obtained from on-line monitoring is then used to control crystallization in the dewaxing equipment in order to optimize performance of the dewaxing units.

Abstract: An optical system for a flow cytometer having a flow channel with an interrogation zone and an illumination source that impinges the flow channel in the interrogation zone includes a lens system and a detection system. The lens system preferably includes at least two lens surfaces located on opposite sides of the flow channel and configured to collect and collimate light from the interrogation zone. The detection system, configured to detect light from the lens system, preferably includes first and second detectors, a first filter that passes a first wavelength of light and reflects a second wavelength of light, and a second filter that reflects the first wavelength of light and passes the second wavelength of light, wherein the first and second filters are aligned such that light reflected from the first filter passes into the second detector and light reflected from the second filter passes into the first detector.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an optical measuring device including: a light applying section configured to apply exciting light to a sample flowing in a channel; and a scattered light detecting section configured to detect scattered light generated from the sample irradiated with the exciting light on the downstream side of the sample in the traveling direction of the exciting light; the scattered light detecting section including a scattered light separating mask for separating the scattered light into a low numerical aperture component having a numerical aperture not greater than a specific value and a high numerical aperture component having a numerical aperture greater than the specific value; a first detector for detecting the low numerical aperture component; and a second detector for detecting the high numerical aperture component.

Abstract: A particle characterization system including a flow source to produce a stream of particles; a source of light or other energy directed at the stream of particles to cause fluorescence or scattered light to be emitted from the particles; a detector of the fluorescent or scattered light including three or more light receivers in a non-planar arrangement to detect the light emitted by the particles; and a computer which receives information from the light detector regarding light emitted by a particle in response to the source of light or other energy, the computer programmed to determine a characteristic of the particle based on the light collected from the particle.