Abstract: A method for making a power inductor comprises providing a first magnetic core comprising a ferrite bead core material, cutting a first cavity and a first air gap in said first magnetic core, and attaching a second magnetic core to said first magnetic core at least one of in and adjacent to said air gap.

Abstract: A rectifier circuit includes an input terminal that receives an alternating-current signal, a first rectifier circuit that generates a first direct-current voltage from the alternating-current signal, a bias-voltage generating circuit that generates a bias voltage from the first direct-current voltage, and a second rectifier circuit that generates a second direct-current voltage from the alternating-current signal biased with the bias voltage.

Abstract: A planar transformer or balun device, having small trace spacing and high mutual coupling coefficient, and a method of fabricating the same is disclosed. The method may comprise providing a first and a second inductor on a primary and a second substrate respectively, interleaving at least partially the first inductor with the second inductor, coupling the primary and the secondary substrates to form a unitary structure, and providing electrical contacts to couple the first and second inductors with another device or circuit.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a coil-embedded inductor provides steps for obtaining uniform density of coil-embedded inductor. The cavity of a first die is filled with dust before being flipped, and then filled with dust a second time. The dust in the cavity is pressed only once for improving the density.

Abstract: A power supply to improve an EMI characteristic and an electronic device having the power supply. The power supply includes a power converter to convert an alternating current (AC) power applied from outside to a direct current (DC) power, a ground portion to supply a ground power to the power converter and a noise attenuator to reduce noise by blocking a harmonic current generated by a driving of the power converter from passing through the ground portion. Accordingly, the stable ground power can be supplied to the internal elements by avoiding the potential change of the ground power and the noise caused by the flow of the harmonic current can be reduced by shortening the harmonic current path. Therefore, the EMI characteristic can be improved.

Abstract: In a power converter having m=two or more channels of power factor correction (PFC) circuits connected in parallel and an electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter connected in series therewith, phase shifts in switching between the respective PFC channels can allow increase of EMI filter corner frequency allowing reduction of size and cost of the EMI filter at some switching frequencies. Asymmetrical phase shifts (other than 360°/m) such as 360°/2m and other phase shifts and variations in m allow increase of EMI filter corner frequency at switching frequencies where symmetrical, 360°/m phase shifts provide no benefit to EMI filter design by providing cancellation or partial cancellation of different harmonics of the switching noise; which cancellation may be arranged to be complementary to the EMI filter function at more than one peak of the noise spectrum. (Such asymmetrical phase shifts do not significantly increase ripple and consequent switching noise).

Abstract: The invention relates to an electronic device (5) in the form of a flexible multilayer film body, in particular an RFID transponder, and to a rectifier (52) for such an electronic device. The rectifier (52) has at least two organic diodes or organic field effect transistors each having at least one electrical functional layer composed of a semiconducting organic material. The rectifier (52) furthermore has two or more charging or charge-reversal capacitors which are connected up to the two or more organic diodes or organic field effect transistors in such a way that the charging or charge-reversal capacitors can be charged via different current paths.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of an embedded inductor includes the steps of providing a magnetic plastic material, disposing at least one coil into a mold, and injecting or pressing the magnetic plastic material into the mold to form a magnetic body encapsulating the coil. An embedded inductor includes at least one magnetic body encapsulating the coil by injecting molding or pressing molding.

Abstract: A rectifier filter control device for a power supply that includes: A saturable inductor (swing choke), capacitors; and rectifiers connected to a rectifier filter circuit. The rectifier filter circuit further includes two electronic switches, which are respectively connected to two terminals of each of the two rectifiers. Should a reverse current flow back into the rectifier filter circuit, then the two electronic switches assume off states at different time sequences, thereby preventing the reverse current flow from burning out the two electronic switches.

Abstract: A damascene process is utilized to fabricate the segmented magnetic core elements of an integrated circuit inductor structure. The magnetic core is electroplated from a seed layer that is conformal with a permanent dielectric mold that results in sidewall plating defining an easy magnetic axis. The hard axis runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the core and the inductor coils are orthogonal to the core's longitudinal axis. The magnetic field generated by the inductor coils is, therefore, parallel and self-aligned to the hard magnetic axis. The easy axis can be enhanced by electroplating in an applied magnetic field parallel to the easy axis.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an inductor using a system-in-package (SIP) includes forming a first penetration electrode in a silicon substrate; depositing an insulating film on a first surface of the silicon substrate, and patterning the insulating film to form an inductor hole and a second penetration hole aligned with the first penetration hole; forming an inductor in the inductor hole and a second penetration electrode in the second penetration hole; and depositing a protective film on the insulating film and performing a back grind process such that the first penetration electrode is exposed from a second surface of the silicon substrate, the second surface being opposed to the first surface.

Abstract: A system and method for a bridgeless power supply is disclosed. The bridgeless power supply includes a digital control module that controls a first switch, a second switch, and a transistor, thereby the bridgeless power supply rectifies an alternating current (AC) variable input voltage and regulates a direct current (DC) output voltage. The digital control module applies a first and second control signal to the first and second switches thereby rectifying and regulating the AC variable input voltage. Additionally, the digital control module provides a high frequency and constant duty cycle third control signal to the transistor in series with an output transformer of the bridgeless power supply device, to assure primary-to-secondary isolation.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a coil-embedded inductor provides steps for obtaining uniform density of coil-embedded inductor. The cavity of a first die is filled with dust before being flipped, and then filled with dust a second time. The dust in the cavity is pressed only once for improving the density.

Abstract: An active filter for reducing the common mode current in a pulse width modulated drive circuit driving a load, said drive circuit comprising an a-c source, a rectifier connected to said a-c source and producing a rectified output voltage connected to a positive d-c bus and a negative d-c bus, a PWM inverter having input terminals coupled to said positive d-c bus and negative d-c bus and having a controlled a-c output, a load driven by said a-c output of said PWM inverter, a ground wire extending from said load, and a current sensor for measuring the common mode current in said drive circuit, said current sensor producing an output current related to said common mode current; said active filter comprising a first and second transistor, each having first and second main electrodes and a control electrode, and an amplifier circuit driving said transistors; said first electrode of said first and second transistor coupled to a common node, said second electrodes of said first and second transistors being coupled t

Abstract: A rectifier filter control device for a power supply that includes: A saturable inductor (swing choke), capacitors; and rectifiers connected to a rectifier filter circuit. The rectifier filter circuit further includes two electronic switches, which are respectively connected to two terminals of each of the two rectifiers. Should a reverse current flow back into the rectifier filter circuit, then the two electronic switches assume off states at different time sequences, thereby preventing the reverse current flow from burning out the two electronic switches.

Abstract: The invention recognizes that filter size can be reduced substantially as power factor is permitted to deviate below unity in systematic ways. Preferred methods of the invention provide specific, computable waveforms that permit use of a minimum filter size given a desired target power factor.

Abstract: An unregulated isolated DC/DC converter is configured to receive an input signal and to provide an output signal. A ripple control circuit is coupled to the unregulated isolated DC/DC converter, wherein the ripple control circuit is configured to reduce an amount of low frequency ripple transferred to the output signal from the input signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining properties of a negative sequence component of a space vector quantity in an electrical network. The method according to the invention includes the steps of determining on the basis of the properties of an ellipse formed by a space vector of the space vector quantity in the electrical network the magnitude of the negative sequence component of the space vector quantity in the electrical network and the location of the negative sequence component of the space vector quantity in the electrical network in relation to a positive sequence component.

Abstract: The invention provides a 12-pulse converter comprising an autotransformer having a primary winding connected in a delta configuration and two secondary windings connected in star configurations, the two secondary windings being connected to two rectifier bridges that are enabled to operate in parallel by two interphase chokes, the converter further comprising means for generating an additional magnetic leakage flux in at least one of the interphase chokes so as to incorporate a smoothing choke therein.

Abstract: An improved inrush current limiting circuit provides continuous control of current delivered to a filter capacitor based on the charge state of the filter capacitor.

Abstract: A filter system for attenuating electromagnetic interference (EMI) of an autotransformer-based rectification system that utilizes the leakage inductance of the autotransformer and one or more capacitors connected on the secondary side and optionally one or more differential mode inductors and input capacitors connected on the primary side to form a differential mode EMI filter. This configuration reduces the size, weight, and cost of the differential mode EMI filter when compared with a differential filter formed by placing the inductors and capacitors on the primary side.

Abstract: A constant voltage/constant power AC adapter converts AC voltage to DC voltage to provide power to a plurality of loads. The adapter's output characteristic is approximately a constant voltage as long as the output current draw by the loads is less than a threshold (e.g. a safety threshold for the adapter). If, however, the power draw on the adapter is such that the output current exceeds the threshold, the adapter then decreases its output voltage to maintain the power draw at a safe level. One or more loads that draw power from the adapter may be adapted to detect a drop in the AC adapter's output voltage. When such a voltage drop is detected, that information tells the load that too much current is being drawn from the adapter and that the load should throttle back (e.g., reducing battery charge current, CPU clock frequency, display brightness, etc.).

Abstract: Non-linear inductor(s) are used to reduce the percent total harmonic distortion of the harmonics in the line currents in the input side rectifier system of an ac drive system. Several constructions for the non-linear inductor(s) are described. The non-linear inductor(s) may be constructed from E and I laminations. The gap depends on the construction of the middle leg of the E laminations and may have a step with a constant spacing or a variable spacing which depends on the stacking of the laminations. Alternatively the non-linear inductor(s) may be constructed from a toriodal core that either has a step gap or a variable type gap.

Abstract: An inverter includes a mains system side freewheeling pulse converter and a load-side freewheeling pulse converter, which are electrically connected on the DC side via a DC intermediate circuit. The mains system side and load-side freewheeling pulse converters each include switchable current valves in form of semiconductor switches that are made of silicon carbide with a high blocking voltage. The inverter can operate at higher voltages and frequencies, without affecting the load rating.

Abstract: A dc offset compensator receives a three phase ac current signal as an input and provides a dc offset signal correction voltage as an output. The dc offset compensator comprises a processor configured to sample the ac current signal, generate a rotating vector (r) from the sample, extract a dc offset from the sample and to generate a dc offset signal correction voltage from the dc offset. A method of compensating for dc offset in a three phase ac current signal is also presented.

Abstract: Non-linear inductor(s) are used to reduce the percent total harmonic distortion of the harmonics in the line currents in the input side rectifier system of an ac drive system. Several constructions for the non-linear inductor(s) are described. The non-linear inductor(s) may be constructed from E and I laminations. The gap depends on the construction of the middle leg of the E laminations and may have a step with a constant spacing or a variable spacing which depends on the stacking of the laminations. Alternatively the non-linear inductor(s) may be constructed from a toriodal core that either has a step gap or a variable type gap.

Abstract: The specification discloses a power factor corrected switching power supply. The power factor corrected switching power supply may utilize, in whole or in part, leakage inductance of a common-mode choke to provide boost inductance.

Abstract: There is provided by this invention a dc power supply that utilizes capacitors in parallel with the diodes of the rectifier bridge in order to increase the full-power load impedance range of the power supply. In addition it has the capability to selectively couple the capacitors to the diodes over a predetermined frequency. This invention applies to both single phase and multiphase converters.

Abstract: An uninterrupted power supply (UPS) device with uninterrupted neutral from input to output utilizes the same converter for converting rectified AC power and battery power to positive and negative high voltage (HV) rails. A simple circuit is utilized for connecting the battery to the conversion components of the PFC circuit without adverse affect on the performance of the PFC circuit, and while holding the battery substantially connected to neutral. In a first embodiment, the circuit comprises a simple combination of four diodes and a pair of high pass capacitors arranged so that in both power line and battery supply modes the battery is balanced around neutral. In a second, preferred embodiment, one terminal of the battery is connected directly to neutral.

Abstract: A higher harmonic suppressor element 10 includes a higher harmonic coil 12 for suppressing a higher harmonic and a thermal fuse 14 which is connected in series with the higher harmonic coil 12 and also which is melted down by heat generated by the higher harmonic coil 12. The higher harmonic coil 12 and the thermal fuse 14 are both contained in the same envelope body 16. Also, the higher harmonic coil 12 is equipped with a magnetic core 121 and a winding 122 wound around the magnetic core 121. In this configuration, the thermal fuse 14 is in tight contact with the magnetic core by means of an adhesive agent etc. If an over-current flows through the higher harmonic coil 12, it runs hot to thereby melt down the thermal fuse 14. With the melting down of the thermal fuse 14, which is connected in series with the higher harmonic coil 12, the over-current flow to the higher harmonic coil 12 is blocked.

Abstract: A constant voltage/constant power AC adapter converts AC voltage to DC voltage to provide power to a plurality of loads. The adapter's output characteristic is approximately a constant voltage as long as the output current draw by the loads is less than a threshold (e.g. a safety threshold for the adapter). If, however, the power draw on the adapter is such that the output current exceeds the threshold, the adapter then decreases its output voltage to maintain the power draw at a safe level. One or more loads that draw power from the adapter may be adapted to detect a drop in the AC adapter's output voltage. When such a voltage drop is detected, that information tells the load that too much current is being drawn from the adapter and that the load should throttle back (e.g., reducing battery charge current, CPU clock frequency, display brightness, etc.).

Abstract: The invention in the simplest form is an improved AC inductor circuit design that is ideal for single boost, or split phase dual boost topologies, and other poly-phase systems improving input power factor and total harmonic distortion. The implementation is efficient, reliable, and flexible, utilizing a wide range of input voltages and currents (including synthesized input voltage waveforms other than sinusoids), and variable frequency voltage sources such as flywheels or micro-turbines, switches, such as IGBT, MOSFET, in combination with AC inductors and typical high frequency rectifier diodes, high frequency rectifiers, or even some line frequency rectifier diodes. The present invention is applicable to power supplies, motor drives, power conditioners, power generation equipment, hybrid power conditioning and distribution equipment, appliances, and flywheels.

Abstract: A converter and rectifier circuit comprises a magnetic core, a first secondary winding, a second secondary winding, a third secondary winding, a first rectifier, a second rectifier and an output capacitor. The first, second and third secondary windings are wound around the magnetic core and are connected to each other. The first rectifier is connected to the first secondary winding and the second rectifier is connected to the second secondary winding. The output capacitor is connected to the first and second rectifiers and is connected in series with the third secondary winding.

Abstract: A higher harmonic suppressor element 10 includes a higher harmonic coil 12 for suppressing a higher harmonic and a thermal fuse 14 which is connected in series with the higher harmonic coil 12 and also which is melted down by heat generated by the higher harmonic coil 12. The higher harmonic coil 12 and the thermal fuse 14 are both contained in the same envelope body 16. Also, the higher harmonic coil 12 is equipped with a magnetic core 121 and a winding 122 wound around the magnetic core 121. In this configuration, the thermal fuse 14 is in tight contact with the magnetic core by means of an adhesive agent etc. If an over-current flows through the higher harmonic coil 12, it runs hot to thereby melt down the thermal fuse 14. With the melting down of the thermal fuse 14, which is connected in series with the higher harmonic coil 12, the over-current flow to the higher harmonic coil 12 is blocked.

Abstract: An uninterrupted power supply (UPS) device with uninterrupted neutral from input to output utilizes the same converter for converting rectified AC power and battery power to positive and negative high voltage (HV) rails. A simple circuit is utilized for connecting the battery to the conversion components of the PFC circuit without adverse affect on the performance of the PFC circuit, and while holding the battery substantially connected to neutral. In a first embodiment, the circuit comprises a simple combination of four diodes and a pair of high pass capacitors arranged so that in both power line and battery supply modes the battery is balanced around neutral. In a second, preferred embodiment, one terminal of the battery is connected directly to neutral.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for AC/DC conversion with continuous sinusoidal input currents, and a controlled isolated output voltage that shows one or more of the advantage of substantially reduced electromagnetic interference (EMI) noise and substantially reduced total harmonic distortion (THD). This power conversion system may, for example, incorporate the use of three-phase delta-connected inputs to further improve performance.

Abstract: A converter circuit arrangement having a DC intermediate circuit (3) includes a transformer (8) having at least two windings (9 and 10). This transformer (8) is connected in the intermediate circuit (3) such that the undesirable, unbalanced current components lead to magnetization of the transformer core and are thus reduced. A grounded LC filter (Lf, Cf) is connected upstream of the load (6) and produces a sinusoidal voltage across the load (6). In consequence, the circuit can be used with any desired rotating-field machines, and thus also for retrofitting existing systems.

Abstract: An uninterrupted power supply (UPS) device with uninterrupted neutral from input to output utilizes the same converter for converting rectified AC power and battery power to positive and negative high voltage (HV) rails. A simple circuit is utilized for connecting the battery to the conversion components of the PFC circuit without adverse affect on the performance of the PFC circuit, and while holding the battery substantially connected to neutral. In a first embodiment, the circuit comprises a simple combination of four diodes and a pair of high pass capacitors arranged so that in both power line and battery supply modes the battery is balanced around neutral. In a second, preferred embodiment, one terminal of the battery is connected directly to neutral.

Abstract: A power distribution system includes an active rectifier and a controller for the active rectifier. The controller extracts a positive sequence component of a Park vector representing line voltage; and uses the positive sequence component to perform synchronous frame regulation to control the active rectifier.

Abstract: A filter apparatus has a current-detecting coil. The coil detects a high-frequency leak current flowing from the phase-windings of a motor to the earth terminal through the closed case of a compressor. A current-canceling circuit generates a current similar in waveform to the high-frequency leak current detected by the coil. The current thus generated cancels out the high-frequency leak current.

Abstract: A power factor correction circuit includes a series connection of a bridge rectifier, a first winding, a diode, and an electrolytic capacitor, a series connection of the electrolytic capacitor, a second winding, and a DC/DC converter, and a common core wound round by the first winding and the second winding. The diode is able to switch between a reverse bias and a forward bias by controlling the polarities of the windings such that an input current always flows to the electrolytic capacitor during each sinusoidal period of an ac voltage. Further, a dc ripple voltage of the electrolytic capacitor will not rise, and an output of the DC/DC converter will not be adversely affected by the 120 Hz ac voltage input. By utilizing this circuit, the power factor of a conventional switching power supply is significantly improved.

Abstract: A pump supporting inductor (L1) is added to a half-bridge oscillator circ for a low-pressure discharge lamp (E) having a capacitive pump path, which inductor improves the pumping action of the pump path and its frequency response. Furthermore, an additional capacitor (C1) is connected between the pump path and the power supply path connected thereto, which capacitor acts as a trapezoidal capacitor in conjunction with the pump path and further improves the frequency response of the pump path.

Abstract: An AC to DC converter is controlled so that its output DC is substantially ripple free and so that its input AC has substantially unity power factor. The AC to DC converter is controlled in response to the voltage and current of the input AC so that the power factor of the input AC is substantially unity. The AC to DC converter is also controlled in response to the output DC so that ripple in the output DC is suppressed. An error between the output DC and a DC reference may be integrated in a low gain path during substantially steady state conditions and in a high gain path during transient conditions so as to suppress ripple in the output DC.

Abstract: A power source device is so constituted that a first capacitor connected across DC output terminals of a rectifier is made to be of a relatively small capacity, a resonance circuit is formed by a primary winding of a transformer and a second capacitor, first and second switching elements connected in parallel to a smoothing capacitor are alternately made ON and OFF to cause currents to flow, a both-end voltage of the first capacitor drops to be substantially close to zero volt even in a period in which a source voltage of an AC power source becomes substantially zero, and an input current can be drawn in smoothly over the entire range of a cycle of the source voltage of the AC power source, whereby higher harmonics of the input current can be reduced, a pulsation of the current flowing to a load can be minimized, and required number of parts for the power source device is reduced to be able to realize circuit simplification and cost reduction.

Abstract: A power supply device and a discharge lamp lighting device which are capable of reducing high harmonic elements and improving a crest factor. A full-wave rectifying circuit is connected to a commercial AC power supply. A first capacitor, a diode and second capacitor, having a smaller capacitance than the first capacitor, are connected to the full-wave rectifying circuit. A partially smoothed circuit consisting of a charge capacitor, an inductor and a diode is connected to the second capacitor. A parallel resonance circuit and a collector-emitter of a transistor are connected to the partially smoothed circuit. The parallel resonance circuit consists of a primary winding of an inverter transformer and a first resonance capacitor. A second resonance capacitor is connected between the emitter and the collector of the transistor. Filaments of a fluorescent lamp are connected to a secondary winding of the inverter transformer. A starting capacitor is connected to the filaments.

Abstract: In a smoothing circuit for a switching power supply having a reactor and a capacitor, the circuit includes a resistor connected in series to the capacitor, a MOSFET connected parallel to the resistor, and a control circuit for turning the MOSFET on only when the voltage at both ends of the resistor increases or decreases to reach reference voltages. Thus, the output waveform is changed from a triangular wave to a sine wave in order to reduce the harmonic components contained in the output ripple. An output noise is reduced stably without reducing efficiency.

Abstract: For use in a power converter having first and second output diodes coupled to a secondary winding of an isolation transformer and first and second output inductors, coupled to the first and second output diodes, respectively, and an output derived from the first and second output inductors and a center tap of the secondary winding, a circuit for, and method of allowing the power converter to provide an output current at multiple output voltages.

Abstract: A method for preparing power factor control integrated circuits which generate linear pulse width modulation (PWM) waveforms is presented. The method of pulse width modulation waveform generation involves providing a capacitor; fast charging the capacitor; and controlling a discharge rate of the capacitor to ensure a constant switching period and a linear PWM waveform. The method is applicable for any single-phase ac/dc converter topology that performs power factor correction. Unlike conventional techniques which utilize three feedback loops, the method of the present invention reduces the total number of feedback loops to two, eliminates input voltage sensing and achieves the same objective. This method results in significant integrated circuit simplification, such as elimination of multiplier, squarer and divider circuits in the control integrated circuit and reduces the cost of the integrated circuit.

Abstract: The present invention is a circuit for zero voltage-zero current switching in a full-bridge DC-DC converter including a transformer for inducing the current and the voltage onto the secondary side by the switching operation of switches configured as full bridge; a full-bridge rectifier by which current of the secondary side flows in only one direction; a smoothing inductor and a capacitor as an output filter, the present circuit comprised of a capacitor and a discharge diode connected in series between the output of the full-bridge rectifier and a ground; a secondary winding of the smoothing inductor and a charge diode connected in series across the capacitor; and another capacitor connected in series with the charge diode.

Abstract: An internal AC adapter which incorporates a space efficient EMI filter is positioned within a main chassis portion of a portable personal computer having at least one energy-demanding component also positioned within the main chassis portion. The internal AC adapter, which converts alternating current received from an alternating current main to direct current for transmission to the energy-demanding components, includes a first connector for electrically connecting the internal AC adapter to the alternating current main, a bridge rectifier circuit having an AC input side electrically connected to the first connector and a DC output side and a space efficient electromagnetic interference filter having an input side electrically connected to the DC output side of the bridge rectifier circuit and an output side. The bridge rectifier circuit converts alternating current received from the first connector to direct current for transmission to the electromagnetic interference filter.