Abstract: An apparatus for switching multiple communication channels having a redundant configuration, includes a fault determining section configured to determine an occurrence of a fault of data received from a transmitting apparatus via one of the multiple communication channels having the redundant configuration, the data being set with one of multiple classes; a class control section configured to switch the data in one of the multiple classes being determined as having the fault, to one of the multiple communication channels having the redundant configuration being unused for transmission of the data in the class; a switching control section configured to generate switching information including information about the class determined to have the fault and a destination communication channel for the data in the class to be switched to; and a transmission section configured to transmit the switching information to the transmitting apparatus.

Abstract: It is possible to capture video information using one or more body mounted cameras, to transmit that information over a wireless communication channel, and to process that information, such as by using angular momentum information captured by gyroscopes, to obtain an image which is suitable for viewing in real time. This technology can be applied in a variety of contexts, such as sporting events, and can also be applied to information which is captured and stored for later use, either in addition to, or as an alternative to, streaming that information for real time viewing.

Abstract: A method, device, and system for dual-uplink tangent ring convergence, where ports on a network device are classified into conjugate ports and non-conjugate ports. When receiving an entry update packet from a first port or perceiving a state change of a first port, when it is determined that the first port of the network device is a conjugate port, the network device clears a media access control (MAC) entry and an Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) entry that use the first port as an outbound interface and clears all MAC entries that use a non-conjugate port as an outbound interface, in a MAC table and an ARP table of the network device. In this way, traffic interruption can be avoided, wherein a failure of one dual-uplink tangent ring does not cause an entry of one or more other normal dual-uplink tangent rings to be cleared/updated.

Abstract: Techniques are provided for the configuration of a home-networking system. Home-networking configuration information may be stored on a host system in a manner accessible to the home-networking system and migrated to a home-networking gateway or router that has not yet been configured. Wireless configuration information may be stored on a home-networking gateway or router and used to configure one or more wireless access points through the use of a physical connection, such as a wired communications pathway. One or more wireless home-networking devices may be configured based on wireless configuration information stored in a central repository on a host system or a home-networking system. The wireless configuration information may be accessible only through the use of a security code.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for providing Ethernet link aggregation over physical ports shared by logically independent entities. An aggregation manager receives a frame at a first logical port that receives frames targeted to at least a second logical port. A client operating system receives the frame at the second logical port. The aggregation manager determines whether the second logical port received the frame. Upon determining that the second logical port did not receive the frame, the aggregation manager forwards the frame to the client OS via a sideband interface associated with the client OS.

Abstract: The discussion makes reference to methods and apparatuses for message-driven switch power, power control, and central processing unit (CPU)-assisted full switch power-down. The link layer in computer networking can be used to save power in switching elements.

Abstract: A system and method for base topology selection includes a network controller including a control unit and one or more ports coupled to the control unit and configured to couple the network controller to one or more network switching devices of a network. The network controller is configured to receive initiation messages from the network switching devices, receive configuration and status messages from the network switching devices, transmit discovery requests to the network switching devices, receive discovery responses from the network switching devices, determine a network topology of the network based on information associated with the initiation messages, the configuration and status messages, and the discovery responses, apply heuristic rules to the network topology, and select a base topology based on results of the applied heuristic rules.

Abstract: A device may receive incoming network traffic associated with a network device. The device may determine whether the incoming network traffic is management traffic or data traffic. The management traffic may be traffic for performing out-of-band management of the network device, and the data traffic may be traffic other than traffic for performing out-of-band management of the network device. The device may provide, to the network device, the incoming network traffic via a first connection or a second connection based on determining whether the incoming network traffic is management traffic or data traffic. The device may provide the incoming network traffic to the network device via the first connection when the incoming network traffic is management traffic, and may provide the incoming network traffic to the network device via the second connection when the incoming network traffic is data traffic.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a first switch circuit in an active mode and a second switch circuit in a standby mode. The apparatus receives high-priority packets and low-priority packets. Each switch circuit stores the high-priority packets and the low-priority packets into first and second buffers, respectively. The each switch circuit performs packet-readout processing reading out a packet from the first and second buffers where the packet-readout processing is performed on the first buffer on a priority basis. The apparatus controls the first switch circuit so that a back-pressure time for the high-priority packets becomes longer with increasing amount of data transmitted by the high-priority packets, when a low-priority packet outputted from the first switch circuit is determined to be a packet that has been received at a first time that is later than a second time at which another low-priority packet outputted from the second switch circuit has been received.

Abstract: A communication system includes a control device, a forwarding node, and a confirmation unit. The control device sets a forwarding path of a packet and determines processing rules corresponding to the forwarding path. The forwarding node includes a processing unit that processes a received packet by a processing rule transmitted from the control device, and a matching information processing unit that adds matching information, which represents information on processing for the received packet, to the received packet and forwards the received packet. The confirmation unit confirms if the forwarding node and the control device are synchronized according to whether the matching information added to the received packet matches pre-calculated matching information.

Abstract: Systems, methods, architectures and/or apparatus for implementing Multi-Segment Pseudo Wire (MS-PW) arrangements in an efficient and scalable manner.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for interfacing software-defined networks with non-software-defined networks may include (1) receiving at least one packet via software-defined network at a switching device, (2) searching a set of flow entries that collectively direct network traffic within the software-defined network for a flow entry that corresponds to the packet, (3) determining that the packet is destined for a non-software-defined network based at least in part on the search, and (4) forwarding the packet to the non-software-defined network via a logical tunnel that interfaces the software-defined network with the non-software-defined network by connecting a virtual port within the software-defined network to a virtual port within the non-software-defined network. Various other methods, systems, and computer-readable media are also disclosed.

Abstract: According to an example, in a method and an apparatus for expanding member ports of a link aggregation group between clusters, each apparatus in a cluster receives a port joining link aggregation group message sent by a master control board on a master apparatus in the cluster. In response to an apparatus determining that a newly joined port is a port on the apparatus itself and also is the first member port in the link aggregation group of the cluster, the newly joined port is associated with the link aggregation group. By applying the method and the apparatus for expanding member ports of a link aggregation group between clusters in this manner, according to an example, the number of member links in the link aggregation group between clusters is able to be increased, and the robustness of the network interconnection between clusters is also able to be enhanced.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for discovering a home agent serving a mobile node upon the mobile node changing its mobility management scheme in a packet-switched network and the implementation of such method in a mobile node or home agent. In order to propose a home agent discover scheme that maintains session continuity in a seamless manner upon a mobile node changing its mobility management scheme, a mobile node comprises information on its location prior to changing the mobility management scheme to one of the first signaling messages transmitted upon changing the mobility management scheme (home agent discovery message). The receiving node uses this information to identify the home agent serving the mobile node or to provide a hint to the home agent where the mobile node is registered in a response message to the mobile node.

Abstract: Disclosed is a communication node device constituting a communication system performing multicast, which is characterized by that: when having forwarded data to a child node subordinate to it along a normal distribution path, it sets a retransmission timer also with respect to a child node on a redundant distribution path; and when having received data, it sends a reception confirmation message to both the parent node of the normal distribution path and a parent node of the redundant distribution path.

Abstract: A transmit and receive RF multiplexer, which includes a first hybrid RF transmit coupler, a first hybrid RF receive coupler, a hybrid RF antenna coupler, and RF bandpass filter and inversion circuitry, is disclosed. The first hybrid RF transmit coupler has a first main transmit port and a pair of transmit ports having a first in-phase transmit port and a first quadrature-phase transmit port. The first hybrid RF receive coupler has a first main receive port and a pair of receive ports having a first in-phase receive port and a first quadrature-phase receive port. The hybrid RF antenna coupler has a main coupler port and a pair of coupler ports having an in-phase coupler port and a quadrature-phase coupler port, such that the main coupler port is coupled to a primary RF antenna.

Abstract: Method of re-routing traffic in a communications network (1) in the event of a fault (3) on a path across the network, the method comprising, determining whether a first node (4), located between the fault and a network ingress node (6), is capable of switching traffic to an alternative path which avoids the fault, and if the first node is determined to be not so capable, then determining whether a second node (8), located upstream of the first node, is capable of switching traffic to an alternative path which avoids the fault.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product for providing the use of an external metric as the primary tie-breaker in ISIS route selections is presented. A set of routes are identified that are to be advertised by the router as external routes within a network. The routes are advertised by the router using a Type Length Variable (TLV), wherein the TLV contains metric information to be used as a first tiebreaker when selecting routes. The network is running an Intermediate System To Intermediate System (ISIS) protocol. The TLV includes a 32-bit or a 64-bit administrative tag sub-TLV, the TLV comprising TLV#135, TLV#235, TLV#236, and TLV#237.

Abstract: A dynamic tunnel management and signaling control plane protocol message is encapsulated in a data plane protocol encapsulating packet and communicated through a data plane channel to a destination label switching node. The destination label switching node extracts information from the dynamic tunnel management and signaling control plane protocol message from the data plane protocol encapsulating packet in the data plane, and performs a dynamic tunnel management process based on the extracted information. Optionally, the data plane channel is a generic associated channel (G-ACH).

Abstract: Techniques include providing ingress protection for multipoint label switched paths (LSPs). According to the techniques, a primary ingress node and a backup ingress node of a network are both configured to advertise a virtual node identifier of a virtual node as a next hop for a multicast source. Two or more egress nodes of the network then use the virtual node as a root node reachable through the primary ingress node to establish a multipoint LSP. After the multipoint LSP is established, the primary ingress node forwards traffic of the multicast source on the multipoint LSP. When failure occurs at the primary ingress node, the backup ingress node forwards the traffic of the multicast source along a backup path and onto the same multipoint LSP with the virtual node as the root node reachable through the backup ingress node. The techniques enable ingress protection without tearing down the multipoint LSP.

Abstract: Between network node apparatuses that operate as a duplex system, when a failure occurs in an information processing unit of one system, the service is maintained and continued in an information processing unit of the other system without interruption of the service. In a system using an active system network node apparatus 100-1 and a standby system network node apparatus 100-2 both in an operating state, a switch processing unit 110 has a transfer processing unit 112 that copies and transfers a packet flow to be a subject of information processing in the information processing unit 200 to two output destinations, when the switch processing unit operates as an active system.

Abstract: A method, an apparatus, and a computer program product for wireless communication are provided. In one aspect, an apparatus includes a processor configured to identify at least one interface (e.g., AP interface) configured to support link aggregation, identify one or more groups of the at least one interface, wherein all interfaces of a respective group are configured to be aggregated together, identify supported link aggregation types per group, select one of the groups to support communication via link aggregation, select at least one interface of the selected group, and send information to the selected at least one interface to initialize link aggregation.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for providing a device for forwarding packets in a network are disclosed. A first router and a second router having a shared set of interfaces are provided, enabling the first router and the second router to share forwarding data for forwarding packets on the shared set of interfaces.

Abstract: A technique includes selecting a first device from a plurality of interconnected devices to form a root of a power tree connecting the interconnected devices and allocating power among neighbors of the interconnected devices in a direction along the tree away from the root. The technique includes determining whether at least one of the interconnected devices needs power after the allocation of power among the neighbors and selectively further allocating power among the neighbors in a direction along the tree toward the root based on the determination.

Abstract: An integration network device and a service integration method thereof are provided. The integration network device receives a connecting request from the VDI user device. The integration network device establishes a connection between the VDI user device and the first management network device according to the connecting request. The integration network device determines that the first management network device fails the connection according to a first management information of the first management network device. The integration network device routes the VDI user device to the second management network device according to a second management information of the second management network device.

Abstract: A method, a device, and a system for backup are disclosed. The method includes: receiving a backup packet; analyzing the backup packet to obtain a serial number of an active data packet, where the serial number is carried in the backup packet; calculating a sum of the serial number of the active data packet and a specific increment value to obtain a serial number of a standby data packet; and backing up the serial number of the standby data packet. Therefore, after the service is switched over from the active device to the standby device, the active device still regards the data packet sent by the former standby device as a new data packet and receives the data packet, which prevents service interruption caused by the switchover and improves continuity of service processing in the process of two-node cluster hot backup.

Abstract: Embodiments generally provide techniques for mapping service modules on a network device. Embodiments identify a plurality of service modules, each configured to perform a respective service. A first one of the plurality of service modules is mapped to a first one of a plurality of virtual switches on the network device. Service policy information for a plurality of virtual switches is retrieved. The service policy information is indicative of service requirements for each of the plurality of virtual switches. Upon detecting an occurrence of a predefined event, embodiments determine a second one of the plurality of virtual switches to map the first service module to, based on the service policy information. The first service module is then mapped to the second virtual switch.

Abstract: A method, system, and computer program product for performing failover in a redundancy group, where the redundancy group comprises a plurality of routers including an active router and a standby router, the failover being characterized by zero black hole or significantly reduced black hole conditions versus a conventional failover system. The method comprises the steps of: receiving an incoming message at a switch; sending a request of identification to the plurality of routers to identify a current active router, where the current active router represents a virtual router of the redundancy group; and in response to receiving a reply containing an identification from the current active router within a predetermined time, forwarding the incoming message to the current active router.

Abstract: A system and computer program product for performing failover in a redundancy group, where the redundancy group comprises a plurality of routers including an active router and a standby router, the failover being characterized by zero black hole or significantly reduced black hole conditions versus a conventional failover system. The system comprises a processing unit connected to the memory and adapted to execute the plurality of instructions, which cause an information appliance to: receive an incoming message at a switch; send a request of identification to the plurality of routers to identify a current active router, where the current active router represents a virtual router of the redundancy group; and in response to receiving a reply containing an identification from the current active router within a predetermined time, forward the incoming message to the current active router.

Abstract: A method is described for handling of connections between a client (200) and a server (214) via a communication network. A connection (206) is established over a first access point (202) which is associated with the server (214). At least one further access point (204) associated with the server is defined. A failure of the connection (206) over the first access point (202) is detected and a second connection (208) between the client (200) and the server (214) is established over the further access point (204). A third connection (212) between the client (200) and the server (214) over the first access point (202) is further established. The establishment of the third connection (212) is executed with a delay compared to the establishment of the second connection (208).

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to a method and a device for establishing a router neighbor. The method includes: obtaining a first discovery protocol Hello message sent by a neighbor router, where the first Hello message carries identification information and priority information of the neighbor router; and determining whether to add the relevant information of the neighbor router into the neighbor list of a local end router, according to the priority information of the neighbor router, and/or priority information of the local end router, and/or whether the identification information of the neighbor router is identification information of an opposite end device of a virtual link configured for the local end router. The embodiments of the present invention ensure that a small device can establish neighbor relationships with a DR and a BDR on a network and that the small device's OSPF function is normal.

Abstract: A network element for a digital transmission network is proposed. The network element contains two switching matrices for switching data cells, as well as ingress ports that receive TDM traffic flow and packet traffic flow and segment the traffic flows into cells. A control system for controlling the configuration of the ingress ports and the switching matrices controls the ingress ports, in case of no failure of the switching matrices, to forward the TDM traffic flows to both switching matrices and to split the packet traffic flow over the two switching matrices.

Abstract: An object is to simplify a process performed due to a failure recovery. To realize this object, the transmission apparatus includes a determining unit that determines, when a transmission apparatus receives a frame from each ring in a network including multiple rings in which a part of each ring is shared, whether failure information indicating that a failure has occurred in one of the rings is contained in one of the received frames. The transmission apparatus also includes a mapping unit that maps a frame that is determined by the determining unit to contain the failure information, onto a shared frame that is a frame used in a shared portion in the multiple rings. Accordingly, the process performed due to a failure recovery can be simplified.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method in a communication device for establishment of an emergency call, the communication device configured to communicate within communication networks by communication modems; the method comprising the steps of: sending an Emergency Call Establishment Request (ECER) to modems (M1, M2, . . . , MN) of the communication device upon receiving an emergency call initiation signal; receiving at least one ECER feedback signal from each modem, the ECER feedback signal indicating at least one of a latency and a signal quality for a communication link associated with each modem; and selecting one modem Mn among the modems (M1, M2, . . . , MN) for an emergency call based on the ECER feedback signals from the modems (M1, M2, . . . , MN). Furthermore, the invention also relates to a corresponding communication device, a computer program, and a computer program product thereof.

Abstract: The present application provides a method and an apparatus for avoiding interruptions in an on-going service. A LAN bridge intercepts a trusted port connected to a first routing bridge; determines whether the first routing bridge is forwarding or has a permission to forward data flow from a C-VLAN according to a result of the interception; and if the first routing bridge is not forwarding or no longer has the permission to forward the data flow from the C-VLAN, broadcasts the data flow from the C-VLAN to a second routing bridge so that the second routing bridge forwards the data flow from the C-VLAN. With the method provided in the embodiments of the present application, a forwarding path can be rapidly switched when a designated routing bridge is faulty and cannot carry out a traffic forwarding function or an appointed forwarder of a customer VLAN is changed.

Abstract: A data forwarding method and a router are provided. The router includes: forwarding engines FEs, physical interface cards PICs, a first switch device and a second switch device, where the first switch device includes a primary first switch device and a standby first switch device, all the FEs are connected with each other via the first switch device, the FEs are connected to the PICs via the second switch device, the number of the FEs is at least two, the number of the PICs is at least two, and the number of the FEs is equal to the number of the PICs. Embodiments of the present invention could improve reliability of a system.

Abstract: In network device, a plurality of ports is configured to receive and to transmit packets on a network. A packet processing pipeline includes a plurality of hardware stages, wherein at least one hardware stage is configured to output a data structure comprising a field extracted from a received packet based on a first packet processing operation performed on the packet or the data structure, wherein the data structure is associated with the packet. A configurable processor is coupled to the at least one hardware stage of the packet processing pipeline. The configurable processor is configured to modify the field in the data structure to generate a modified data structure and to pass the modified data structure to a subsequent hardware stage that is configured to perform a second packet processing operation on the data structure using the field modified by the configurable processor.

Abstract: Techniques are described for providing logical networking functionality for managed computer networks, such as for virtual computer networks provided on behalf of users or other entities. In some situations, a user may configure or otherwise specify a network topology for a virtual computer network, such as a logical network topology that separates multiple computing nodes of the virtual computer network into multiple logical sub-networks and/or that specifies one or more logical networking devices for the virtual computer network. After a network topology is specified for a virtual computer network, logical networking functionality corresponding to the network topology may be provided in various manners, such as without physically implementing the network topology for the virtual computer network. In some situations, the computing nodes may include virtual machine nodes hosted on one or more physical computing machines or systems, such as by or on behalf of one or more users.

Abstract: A method, an apparatus and a system for two-node cluster hot backup is provided. A second network node configures a redundancy protocol with a first network node at an access port to negotiate an active/standby relationship between each local access port and each access port of the first network node, releases a route of a network segment of a user, where the network segment of the user is the same as a network segment of a user to which a route released by the first network node belongs, establishes or specifies a protection channel with the first network node, synchronizes user information with the first network node, and when the first network node has a failure, performs service switching according to the redundancy protocol, and sends a downstream traffic to the user according to the user information.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product for providing the use of an external metric as the primary tie-breaker in ISIS route selections is presented. A set of routes are identified that are to be advertised by the router as external routes within a network. The routes are advertised by the router using a Type Length Variable (TLV), wherein the TLV contains metric information to be used as a first tiebreaker when selecting routes. The network is running an Intermediate System To Intermediate System (ISIS) protocol. The TLV includes a 32-bit or a 64-bit administrative tag sub-TLV, the TLV comprising TLV#135, TLV#235, TLV#236, and TLV#237.

Abstract: Distributed application virtualization provides for the distribution, configuration and control of multiple application components, layered file systems, and configuration settings that may be applied on top of an operating system of each system configured to work in conjunction with other systems within a single distributed virtualization layer. A distributed software virtualization manager or service handles communication between systems within each distributed virtual layer. One distributed virtualization operation activates components, selected based on user-defined parameters, on systems across the network belonging to a selected distributed virtual application layer. Other virtualization operations, whether local and/or distributed, include capturing file system and configuration activity associated with the detected event and storing data representative of the captured file system and configuration activity to a virtual layer, such as a local or distributed application layer.

Abstract: In one example, a network device includes a plurality of interface cards to send and receive packets over a network, a primary control unit of the network device, and a secondary control unit of the network device configured to detect a failover event that causes the network device to failover from the primary control unit to the secondary control unit. An operating system of the secondary control unit may be configured to send, in response to detecting the failover event, a session maintenance message on each of a plurality of application-level communication sessions in accordance with a prioritized data structure having a plurality of hierarchically arranged nodes, each of the nodes associated with a different subset of the communication sessions having a common session timeout value.

Abstract: According to an example, a method for avoiding a loop in a network, which is performed by each ED in each VPN site, comprises: interacting with other EDs in a same VPN site to elect a DED; assigning an authorized forwarding instance to each ED in the same VPN site when the ED is elected as the DED; obtaining the authorized forwarding instance from the DED when the ED is not elected as the DED; allowing traffic of the authorized forwarding instance transmitted from or to a public network, and blocking traffic of unauthorized forwarding instance transmitted from or to the public network.

Abstract: In one embodiment, once activation of use of a backup tunnel is detected for a primary tunnel, then a level of congestion of the path of the backup tunnel may be determined. In response to the level being greater than a threshold, a head-end node of the primary tunnel is triggered to reroute the primary tunnel (e.g., requesting to a path computation element). Conversely, in response to the level not being greater than the threshold, the backup tunnel is allowed to remain activated.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method comprises detecting, by a provider edge router configured for providing reachability for core network traffic to a prescribed destination address prefix, a backup provider edge router relative to the prescribed destination address prefix; allocating, by the provider edge router, a distinct protected next-hop address for reachability to at least the destination address prefix via the provider edge router; and sending via a core network, by the provider edge router, repair information for the prescribed destination address prefix to ingress provider edge routers and a BGP-free core network router in the core network, the repair information enabling the ingress provider edge routers to insert primary and backup switching labels into each data packet of the core network traffic enabling the BGP-free core network router to reroute the received packet to the backup provider edge router if the provider edge router is unavailable.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus comprising a first network node configured to transmit a first message to a second network node, wherein the first message comprises data designating the first network node as a member of a first multicast channel, and wherein the first message comprises data indicating a network address a third network node that is designated as a last hop router (LHR) of the first multicast channel. Also disclosed is a method comprising sending, by a first network node, a protocol independent multicast (PIM) join message, wherein the PIM join message comprises the network address of a PIM channel last hop router (LHR).

Abstract: Systems, methods, and non-transitory computer-readable storage media for dynamic addressing of virtual port channels is described. In some implementations, a virtual IP address can be dynamically generated based on which links in a virtual port channel are active. If the numbers of active links in the virtual port channel changes, the virtual IP address can be dynamically changed. The virtual IP address can be dynamically adjusted by changing the values of individual bits in the virtual IP address that correspond to links in the virtual port channel. The virtual IP address can be used as a tunnel end point address in a VXLAN environment.

Abstract: A first network device is configured to originate an actual route by sending a multicast join message to a particular next-hop network device, and in conjunction with originating the actual route, to generate an empty route associated with the next-hop network device for use in limiting a number of withdrawal messages that would otherwise result upon a failure in the actual route. The first network device may be further configured to generate an unreachability indicator message for the empty route indicating that the next-hop network device is unreachable responsive to the failure in the actual route, and to send the unreachability indicator message for the empty route to one or more additional network devices, with the unreachability indicator message causing each such additional network device to delete multiple actual routes to the next-hop network device that are represented by the empty route.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes a first port coupled to a first network, a second port coupled to a second network, a first memory, and a first processor coupled to the first memory and configured to execute first routing processing related to communication performed by the information processing apparatus and a first information processing apparatus coupled to the first port through the first network, execute second routing processing related to communication performed by the first information processing apparatus and a second information processing apparatus coupled to the second port through the second network, when a failure occurs in the first port, cause a third information processing apparatus coupled to both of the first and second networks to execute the first routing processing, and when a failure occurs in the second port, cause the third information processing apparatus to execute the second routing processing.

Abstract: Multiple redundant sources for a datastream can be established in a network, where the redundant sources are configured with the same source address. One of the redundant sources provides the datastream to a receiver of a multicast group. If the redundant source fails, another redundant source can be used in its place, ensuring the receiver continues to receive the datastream. A routing element coupled to a redundant source monitors the redundant source for failure and informs the rest of the network of the status of the coupled redundant source. The routing element can inform other routing elements of the status by advertising or withdrawing a route that reaches the coupled redundant source, which the other routing elements can use to update their routing tables.