Abstract: Disclosed are an access method and device in a heterogeneous network for solving the problem that, in network selection of a heterogeneous wireless network, a user can only enjoy at any one time the service of one network and cannot simultaneously enjoy the services of different networks, the method comprising: dividing access points capable of providing a service for a user equipment (UE) into at least one competition group; and determining the access overhead of the competition group, and selecting for the UE, according to the determined access overhead of the competition group, a target competition group from the competition groups for accessing. A network multi-path routing and traffic distribution model is established, such that the UE can select different access methods, thus providing a new traffic operation mode for network development.

Abstract: A codebook C is provided in a MIMO transmitter as well as a MIMO receiver. The codebook C will include M codewords ci, where i is a unique codeword index for each codeword ci. Each codeword defines weighting factors to apply to the MIMO signals, and may correspond to channel matrices or vectors to apply to the MIMO signals prior to transmission from the respective antennas of the MIMO transmitter. The present invention creates codeword subsets Si for each codeword ci of the codebook C. Each codeword subset Si defines L codewords cj, which are selected from all the codewords ci in the codebook C. The codewords cj in a codeword subset Si are the L codewords in the entire codebook that best correlate with the corresponding codeword ci.

Abstract: There is provided mechanisms for frequency selective scheduling of wireless devices in a communication network. A method is performed by a wireless network node. The method comprises transmitting a first packet to at least one wireless device over the entire available bandwidth of the communication network, wherein the first packet comprises information identifying which wireless devices are addressed by the packet, and which downlink sub-carriers are used for data transmission to the addressed wireless devices. The method comprises receiving a second packet on uplink sub-carriers allocated to at least the addressed wireless devices and therefrom determining channel quality indications for the uplink sub-carriers. The uplink sub-carriers are allocated to enable the channel quality indications to be determined over the entire bandwidth for at least each one of the addressed wireless devices.

Abstract: Provided are a method, device and system for isolating services, a Distributed Point Unit (DPU), a network adapter. The method includes that: a physical division manner, used for service isolation, of a twisted pair connected between a DPU on an access network side and a network adapter on a user side is determined, wherein the physical division manner includes at least one of: a time division manner, a frequency division manner and a line space division manner; and isolation processing is performed, according to the determined physical division manner, on a Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) and a reverse power supply service executed on the DPU by user-side equipment, which are transmitted on the twisted pair. By such a method, the problem that the POTS and the reverse power supply service executed on the DPU by the user-side equipment, which are transmitted on the twisted pair, may not coexist in the related art is solved, and the effect of improving a user experience is further achieved.

Abstract: A communication device for handling communication operations in a licensed frequency band and an unlicensed frequency band comprises a storage unit for storing instructions and a processing means coupled to the storage unit. The instructions comprise performing a first communication operation on a first carrier in a first unlicensed frequency band; receiving a message from a network for indicating the communication device to perform a second communication operation with the network on a second carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band; and switching the first communication operation from the first carrier in the first unlicensed frequency band to a third carrier in a second unlicensed frequency band. The processing means is configured to execute the instructions stored in the storage unit.

Abstract: A procedure to establish a link in a directional wireless system where two nodes cannot listen to each other unless optimized beamforming pair is used and timing and framing synchronization is acquired. The procedure determines a set of beamforming pairs that the nodes can use for communication in addition to acquiring the framing and timing synchronization. Training packets are periodically transmitted by a transmitter while a receiver listens in each of a number of receive directions. Training packets are sent N times in N directions while a receiver listens in each of M receive directions until all N×M possible transmit and receive direction pair possibilities are tried. The receiver informs the transmitter which transmit and receive direction pairs were successful in creating communication links between the nodes.

Abstract: An apparatus, method, and system are provided for binding application data associated with an application with content asset data associated with a content asset. In some embodiments, capacity or bandwidth for each of the application data and the content asset data may be allocated in accordance with one or more profiles. The one or more profiles may include horizontal aspects, vertical aspects, linear and non-linear aspects, and the like. In some embodiments, the binding may take place at a content provider location in accordance with early binding practices, at a central location in accordance with late binding practices, and/or at a user equipment device in accordance with user binding practices.

Abstract: A video decoding apparatus includes a reference picture list storing unit configured to store picture information of pictures; a motion vector information storing unit configured to store motion vector information including motion vectors of blocks that are spatially and temporally adjacent to a target block to be decoded and reference picture identifiers indicating pictures that the motion vectors refer to; and a vector predictor generating unit configured to scale a vector predictor candidate for a motion vector of the target block based on the picture information and the motion vector information and to correct the scaled vector predictor candidate toward 0 by a predetermined amount.

Abstract: A floor tile for a data center floor a management controller, a first communication port to couple the management controller to a server rack, and a second communication port to couple the management controller to an adjacent floor tile. A method of using a data center floor tile includes receiving, by a management controller of the data center floor tile, first configuration information for a first server rack of a data center, wherein the first configuration information is received via a first communication port of the data center floor tile, and providing, from the management controller, the first configuration information to an adjacent data center floor tile, wherein the first configuration information is provided via a second communication port of the data center floor tile.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for estimating channel information. A terminal estimates a channel coefficient for each of subcarriers included in each symbol of the received signals, calculates power of the received signal matched to each of the subcarriers, calculates an interference estimation parameter for each of the subcarriers based on the power of the received signal matched to each of the subcarriers and based on power of a channel coefficient for a subcarrier on which the received signal has maximum power among the subcarriers, and calculates a non-Gaussian characteristic parameter of an interference signal related to the received signals based on the interference estimation parameters calculated for the subcarriers of all the symbols of the received signals.

Abstract: A method, an apparatus, and a device are provided for information transmission. In the method, the apparatus determines an initial OFDM symbol in OFDM symbols used to transmit load information. The apparatus determines, starting from the initial OFDM symbol, a phase deviation difference between two adjacent OFDM symbols according to first information to be transmitted. The apparatus performs phase deviation on at least one of the OFDM symbols according to the phase deviation difference. The apparatus then sends the OFDM symbols obtained after the phase deviation to a receiving end.

Abstract: Novel tools and techniques are provided for delivering plain old telephone service (“POTS”) telephony over high speed data networks. In particular, various embodiments provide tools and techniques for concurrent transmission of POTS voice signals and data signals over the same wire(s) of high-speed data lines or data cables. Various systems and methods might, in some instances, utilize upbanding or rebanding of the POTS voice band to a higher frequency band above the data stream band spectrum for transport of voice concurrent with data over the same wire(s) in the cable. The system might comprise interface devices at either end of a cable segment, one interface device to reband the voice signal and to combine the voice signal with the data signal for each dual-transport wire in the cable, and another interface device at the other end to separate the voice signal from the data signal.

Abstract: A server for transmitting and receiving messages for a Signaling (S) layer in a Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) Media Transport (MMT) is provided. The server includes a first sub-layer of the S layer for producing first messages to provide information used for the use of MPEG a second sub-layer of the S layer for producing second messages to provide information used for delivering MPEG media, and a Delivery (D) layer for making external and internal deliveries of the first and the second messages, wherein each of the first and the second messages includes at least one field corresponding to each of the message type, version, length, extension field and payload.

Abstract: We disclose an optical add-drop multiplexer that can apply different routing operations to different subcarriers of a data frame. In an example embodiment, the digital signal processor (DSP) of the optical add-drop multiplexer carries out subcarrier-specific add, drop, and pass-through operations in the electrical frequency domain, which enables the DSP to only partially unwrap the pass-through subcarriers, thereby at least partially avoiding some of the more processing-power-hungry DSP operations and reducing the sub-wavelength routing latency accordingly. Also disclosed is an example data-frame structure that can be used to provide subcarrier-specific routing instructions to the optical add-drop multiplexer.

Abstract: An IC chip, an information processing apparatus, system, method, and program are provided. An IC chip includes an authentication control unit configured to authenticate a request using authentication information. The request and/or the authentication information is received from outside the IC chip.

Abstract: Techniques for sending control information in a wireless communication system are described. In an aspect, a UE spreads control information across frequency with a DFT and across time with an orthogonal sequence to obtain output data for the control information. In one design, the UE receives codewords for N HARQ processes in N downlink subframes, determines an ACK value for each HARQ process, codes N ACK values for the N HARQ processes to obtain ACK information, generates output data for the ACK information, and sends the output data in one of M uplink subframes. In another aspect, first control information is processed based on a first coding and multiplexing scheme utilizing code division multiplexing in time and frequency domains. Second control information is processed based on a second coding and multiplexing scheme utilizing code division multiplexing in time domain and spreading in frequency domain.

Abstract: Disclosed is an active scanning method in a wireless LAN system. The active scanning method comprises: a step of transmitting a probe request frame via a predetermined channel; and a step of receiving, from an access point, a probe response frame corresponding to the probe request frame via a predetermined channel. The probe response frame includes main channel information on the access point. Thus, the access point can be quickly scanned.

Abstract: An important component in digital circuits is a phase rotator, which permits precise time-shifting (or equivalently, phase rotation) of a clock signal within a clock period. A digital phase rotator can access multiple discrete values of phase under digital control. Such a device can have application in digital clock synchronization circuits, and can also be used for a digital phase modulator that encodes a digital signal. A digital phase rotator has been implemented in superconducting integrated circuit technology, using rapid single-flux-quantum logic (RSFQ). This circuit can exhibit positive or negative phase shifts of a multi-phase clock. Arbitrary precision can be obtained by cascading a plurality of phase rotator stages. Such a circuit forms a phase-modulator that is the core of a direct digital synthesizer that can operate at multi-gigahertz radio frequencies.

Abstract: A method for Multicast Control Channel (MCCH) acquisition in a User Equipment (UE) of a wireless communication system is disclosed. The method includes receiving at least one MBMS service, expressing interest in reception of a new MBMS service, and deciding whether to monitor an MCCH notification according to whether the MBSFN area which broadcasts the new MBMS service is among the MBSFN areas in which the UE is receiving the at least one MBMS services.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for reconstructing bands in received signals. A first band in a received multiband signal may be reconstructed, during processing of the multiband signal, when the first band is self-aliased during sampling of a second band. The reconstructing may comprise generating a plurality of components corresponding to the first band, based on the sampling of the second band, and combining the plurality of components to reconstruct the first band. Generating a first component may comprise applying high-pass filtering and/or decimation to an input corresponding to an output of the sampling of the second band. Generating a second component may comprise applying low-pass filtering and/or re-sampling to an input corresponding to an output of the sampling of the second band. An adjustment may be applied, when generating the second component, based on sampling of the first band. The adjustment may comprise a subtraction from sampling output.

Abstract: A method and system for building an elastic cloud web server farm. The method includes registering a web application on a serving cloud and copying the web application to a distributed store. A load of the web application is specified, and a plurality of nodes is added for the web application based on the load. A web server corresponding to a node of the plurality of nodes is then initialized. A web request is received from a user and a web server is selected from a list of available web servers to process the web request. The web request is further transmitted to the web server. A web response, based on the web request, is transmitted back to the user. The system includes a central registry, a distributed store, a process coordinator, one or more web servers, and a router.

Abstract: A procedure to establish a link in a directional wireless system where two nodes cannot listen to each other unless optimized beamforming pair is used and timing and framing synchronization is acquired. The procedure determines a set of beamforming pairs that the nodes can use for communication in addition to acquiring the framing and timing synchronization. Training packets are periodically transmitted by a transmitter while a receiver listens in each of a number of receive directions. Training packets are sent N times in N directions while a receiver listens in each of M receive directions until all N×M possible transmit and receive direction pair possibilities are tried. The receiver informs the transmitter which transmit and receive direction pairs were successful in creating communication links between the nodes.

Abstract: A method of dynamically allocating network resources in an access network and a customer network includes: determining, by a control unit, positions of all users of the customer network; bringing, by the control unit, the customer network and/or a component of the customer network into a first predefined state, based on determining that no user of the customer network is checked in to the customer network; and reallocating, by the control unit, an access port of an access multiplexer assigned to the customer network to an access network resource pool, based on determining that no user of the customer network is checked in to the customer network.

Abstract: A digital broadcasting system and a method of processing data are disclosed, which are robust to error when mobile service data are transmitted. To this end, additional encoding is performed for the mobile service data, whereby it is possible to strongly cope with fast channel change while giving robustness to the mobile service data.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing message is described. In one embodiment, an application programming interface is configured for receiving and sending messages. A multiplexer receives messages from different servers. A service name is coupled to each message with the corresponding destination service. A single shared channel is formed. The messages are processed over the single shared channel.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided facilitating flexible time sharing among systems. A method and apparatus may generate a secondary component carrier transmission plan including planned on and off durations. The planned on durations correspond to a time period for an apparatus and devices to communicate via an unlicensed band of the secondary component carrier. The planned off durations correspond to a time interval in which the devices may deactivate from the unlicensed band or remain disconnected from the unlicensed band. The method and apparatus may also enable provision of the plan to the devices via a licensed band of a primary component carrier and detecting a medium of the unlicensed band prior to the expiration of the time period to determine whether the medium is available in order to decide whether to turn on transmissions to the unlicensed band after one of the planned off durations.

Abstract: In a signal coding method, bits for coding allocated to different bands of a frequency domain signal obtained from an input signal are adjusted to improve the coding quality. The total available bits for coding are first allocated to the bands of the frequency domain signal according to a predetermined allocation rule. The numbers of bits allocated to the respective bands of the frequency domain signal are then adjusted when a highest frequency of the frequency domain signal to which bits are allocated is greater than a predetermined value. The frequency domain signal is coded according to the adjusted bit allocation for the bands of the frequency domain signal.

Abstract: A signaling system according to one embodiment of the present invention includes: a first device configured to transmit signaling order information indicating a signaling order, to a second device different from the first device; and a second device configured to signal a message based on the signaling order information.

Abstract: Systems and techniques for managing channel reservation in a full-duplex wireless network. A transmitting node sends a media access control frame to a receiving node, including an integrity check field in a header of the frame. Upon performing an integrity check and determining that the media access control frame is addressed to itself, the receiving node sends a transmission so as to reserve the channel. If the receiving node has no data to send, the transmission may be an acknowledgement field, and if the receiving node has data to send, the transmission may be a media access control frame including an integrity check field in a header of the frame.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bus system having a master and a group of slaves connected thereto via a bus and to a communication method for interchanging data between the master and slaves in such a bus system. At least one communication frequency is associated with each slave in the group. The master places transmission data at different communication frequencies onto the bus in transmission phases.

Abstract: A video decoding apparatus includes a reference picture list storing unit configured to store picture information of pictures; a motion vector information storing unit configured to store motion vector information including motion vectors of blocks that are spatially and temporally adjacent to a target block to be decoded and reference picture identifiers indicating pictures that the motion vectors refer to; and a vector predictor generating unit configured to scale a vector predictor candidate for a motion vector of the target block based on the picture information and the motion vector information and to correct the scaled vector predictor candidate toward 0 by a predetermined amount.

Abstract: A first device may receive provisioning information for a second device; establish a tunnel with the second device within a first network based on receiving the provisioning information; provide the provisioning information to the second device to cause the second device to gather or process data within the first network; and receive a command instruction from a user device via a second network. The command instruction may relate to the data gathered or processed by the second device. The first network may be separate from the second network. The first device may communicate with the second device within the first network and independently of the second network to process the command instruction; form a response to the command instruction based on processing the command instruction; and provide the response to the command instruction towards the user device.

Abstract: Briefly, in accordance with one or more embodiments, a base station schedules resources for one or more machine-to-machine devices in one or more machine-to-machine groups for a periodic duration persistently. The base station allocates resource blocks for the one or more devices within the scheduled resources, and then receives data packets transmitted from the one or more devices in the allocated resource blocks. The base station may pre-allocate a control channel to be used by the one or more devices during an idle mode for a periodic duration. Uplink synchronization may be performed if one or more of the devices wakes from the idle mode, and the base station may receive data from one or more of the devices in the pre-allocated control channel.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for tracking a beam in a wireless communication system are provided. In the method, a plurality of downlink reference signals are received from a base station and at least one downlink transmission beam pattern is determined. A plurality of uplink reference signals are transmitted to the base station, each includes identifier information corresponding to the determined at least one downlink transmission beam pattern. ACKnowledgement (ACK) information indicating that the base station has successfully received an identifier included in the identifier information corresponding to the determined at least one downlink transmission beam pattern from identifier information corresponding to an uplink transmission beam pattern and that the plurality of uplink reference signals from the base station is received.

Abstract: A method can include a node receiving a token redemption request from a client computing device. The node can determine a destination host management service based at least in part on a geographic proximity of the destination host management service to the client computing device. The destination host management service can be one of a plurality of host management systems distributed across a plurality of data centers. The node can route the token redemption request to the destination host management service. The destination host management service can determine a destination host running an application in one of the plurality of data centers and provision a session between the client computing device and the application running in the destination host.

Abstract: A method of decoding a received SC-FDMA symbol in a receiver in a OFDM communication system is described. The method comprises calculating an approximate constellation energy {circumflex over (K)} from channel matrices Hi for all subcarriers i, a noise covariance matrix S, and a data signal power matrix C associated with the OFDM symbol, an approximate constellation energy {circumflex over (K)}. The approximate constellation energy {circumflex over (K)} is calculated according to: Q i = H i H ? S - 1 ? H i ; Q ^ = 1 N sc ? ? i = 0 N sc - 1 ? Q i ; K ^ = diag ? ( ( Q ^ + C - 1 ) - 1 ? Q ^ ) The method further comprises decoding the received symbol using at least the associated approximate constellation energy {circumflex over (K)}. Also, a receiver, an apparatus, an OFDM communication system and a computer program product for such decoding are described.

Abstract: A data allocation method executed by a data allocation system. The data allocation method includes allocating to a first processing apparatus included among a plurality of processing apparatuses and allocating based on a first communication speed of the first processing apparatus, data having communication amount information on a frequency at which the processing apparatuses access the data, and further supplying first priority level information to the first processing apparatus; and exchanging based on variation of a communication speed of at least one processing apparatus among the processing apparatuses, the data or the first priority level information, and data or second priority level information allocated to a second processing apparatus included among the processing apparatuses and having a second communication speed.

Abstract: Some example embodiments presented herein are directed towards an eNodeB, and corresponding method therein, for establishing beamforming for downlink communications in a multiple antenna system. The eNodeB may transmit a plurality of reference signals, where each reference signal is beamformed into a distinct direction with in at least one correlated domain (e.g., an elevation and/or azimuth domain). The eNodeB may generate beamformed downlink communications for antenna elements and/or subelements based on received signal quality assessments of the plurality of reference signals. Some example embodiments may be directed towards a user equipment, and corresponding methods therein, for establishing beamforming for downlink communications. The user equipment may receive the plurality of reference signals and provide signal assessments of the reference signals based on measurements performed by the user equipment.

Abstract: A method is provided for decision streams for synchronizing visual script language processing between networked computers. A master computing device may receive a remote kickoff stream indicating master nodes to be processed on a master graph, create a master decision stream using the remote kickoff stream, process master nodes of the master graph to populate the master decision stream with states and actions during the processing, and distribute the master decision stream to clients for synchronization of private graphs. The master and private graphs may be copies of the same visual script for implementing game logic, which may be created and edited using a graphical user interface (GUI). Nodes of the graphs can be marked as master, requiring global synchronization, or private, allowing immediate local processing with reduced latency. Thus, online game designers are empowered to balance the competing concerns of state synchronization and latency.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for receiving an application for providing an Internet protocol television (IPTV) communication service. The method includes: acquiring IP address information for initiating an IPTV service provider discovery at an entry point for searching for a service provider; receiving information regarding an IPTV service provider from an IPTV service provider discovery entity apparatus by using the IP address information; and acquiring information regarding the application for providing the IPTV communication service based on the information regarding the IPTV service provider.

Abstract: A communication collaboration system may include a memory storing machine readable instructions to receive a first signal representing a first mode of communication for a user. The communication collaboration system may further include machine readable instructions to seamlessly escalate the first signal to a second signal representing a second mode of communication for the user. The second mode of communication may be different from the first mode of communication. The communication collaboration system may further include a processor to implement the machine readable instructions.

Abstract: Systems and techniques for managing channel reservation in a full-duplex wireless network. A transmitting node sends a media access control frame to a receiving node, including an integrity check field in a header of the frame. Upon performing an integrity check and determining that the media access control frame is addressed to itself, the receiving node sends a transmission so as to reserve the channel. If the receiving node has no data to send, the transmission may be an acknowledgement field, and if the receiving node has data to send, the transmission may be a media access control frame including an integrity check field in a header of the frame.

Abstract: Separation of sub-bands of communications signals to reduce interference in distributed antenna systems (DASs) is disclosed. A sub-band separation circuit coupled to a plurality of antennas is configured to distribute and receive and transmit a pair of downlink and uplink sub-band signals. The sub-band separation circuit is coupled to a duplexed port of a remote unit that distributes uplink communications signals to the DAS and receives downlink communications signals from the DAS. In order to isolate the downlink communications signals from the uplink communications path in the remote unit, the isolation circuit includes a plurality of sub-band isolation circuits. Each sub-band isolation circuit is configured to isolate at least one sub-band of the downlink communications signal to generate a downlink sub-band signal that has a desired frequency separation or gap with uplink communication signals received at the duplexed port.

Abstract: A filter bank receiver (FBMC) effecting a carrier frequency offset compensation in the frequency domain. The receiver comprises an FFT module extended by the overlap factor (610), a module (630) offsetting a predetermined number of subcarriers at the output of the FFT followed by a filter for reducing interference between subcarriers (640), the number of subcarriers and the coefficients of the interference reduction filter being determined from an estimation () of the frequency offset. The vector of samples thus obtained is then the subject of channel equalisation (650) before being filtered by a battery of analysis filters and spectrally de-spread (660). Finally, after spectral de-spreading, the vector of samples is demodulated by an OQAM demodulation (670) so as to recover the transmitted data.

Abstract: Systems and methods are presented for controlling the peak-to-average-power of a baseband orthogonal-frequency-domain multiplexing (OFDM) signal by designating a subset of the available subcarriers as information-bearing data-subcarriers, and loading remaining subcarriers by symbols that are a function of the symbols loading the data-subcarriers. At the receiver, the data-dependent subcarriers are optionally combined with data-subcarriers to increase error protection.

Abstract: The present application relates to a method for enabling a terminal to transmit channel status information in a wireless communication system. Specifically, the method for enabling the terminal to transmit the channel status information in the wireless communication system includes the steps of: receiving a reference signal from a serving cell or an adjacent cell; determining the priority of the predetermined precoding matrix index (PMI) based on the reference signal; and transmitting the PMI together with a stacking flag to the serving cell according to the priority, wherein the number of PMI to be transmitted to the serving cell is determined based on a size of a buffer commonly set in the serving cell and the terminal, and the stacking flag indicates storing the PMI into the buffer or initializing the buffer.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed to a transceiver comprising a first section and a second section, and a controller configured to: receive an uplink reflected power measurement and a downlink power measurement at the same time, calculate an impedance associated with the first section based on the uplink power measurement and the downlink power measurement, and provide a tuning parameter to the second section to match an impedance of the second section with the impedance of the first section.

Abstract: Systems and methods of this disclosure can operate to provide digitization and optical transport of legacy and extended return path signals in hybrid fiber-coax (HFC) based broadband networks. A common radio frequency (RF) front-end can be used for the digitization of return path signals comprising analog to digital converters (A/Ds) with a precision and sampling rate to meet the SNR requirements of the communication system. Additionally the same digital signal processing logic can also be used through the implementation of digital filter(s) in FPGA technology where different FPGA images can be used to support different digital filtering configurations.

Abstract: A measuring device for performing measurements of a measurement signal emitted by a communication network using a plurality of resource blocks includes a digital processor with a power detector for determining a Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) indicative of a received power of user data within a number of resource blocks in the measurement signal and a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) indicative of a received power of reference signals within a number of resource blocks in the measurement signal. The measuring device further includes a resource determiner for determining occupied and unoccupied resource blocks based on the determined RSRP and the RSSI. The resource blocks each correspond to a specific time and frequency range and each include a number of resource elements which each correspond to a specific time and frequency range.

Abstract: A software application for recommending workforce resource allocation in a communication center based on requirements of events represented in a communication-center queue has a first interface for accessing information from the queue; a second interface for accessing information from a data source about workforce availability and state information; a processing component for processing queue information and workforce information; and a message generation and delivery component for generating a workforce allocation recommendation based on processing results and sending the recommendation to a target entity. In a preferred embodiment, the application periodically accesses the queue and the data source to obtain the most recent information for processing and generates periodic recommendations based on real-time requirements of events and availability states of resources, the recommendations sent ahead of time before the resources are required.