Abstract: A precise-clock synchronization method and system and a precise-clock frequency/time synchronization device are provided. In the embodiments of the present invention, two time stamp engines are provided at a slave clock side. A relative time stamp engine provides a relative arrival time stamp. An absolute time stamp engine provides an absolute arrival time stamp. The frequency/time synchronization is calculated by using different time stamps obtained from different time stamp engines, so the frequency synchronization and time synchronization of the master clock and the slave clock may be separately accomplished, and one synchronization function may be enabled or disabled. Therefore, the frequency synchronization and time synchronization of the master clock and the slave clock do not interfere with each other, thus greatly reducing the occupied link bandwidth resources.

Abstract: Embodiments of system and method for generating channel estimates in a wireless network are generally described herein. Other embodiments may be described and claimed. In some embodiments, a linear interpolator uses refined cross-correlation and autocorrelation estimates and pilot subcarrier estimates to generate channel estimates for the current OFDM data symbol.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for in-band signaling of at least two simultaneous digital media streams in a network, the two simultaneous streams being a part of a media session. Each of the at least two simultaneous streams is generated from a corresponding source. The generated simultaneous streams are synchronized by using a unique marker packet. Each synchronized stream is transmitted to a destination corresponding to each source.

Abstract: A clocking circuit of a receiving unit performs a clocking operation synchronously with a network clock. A packet output circuit of the receiving unit outputs a second packet included in a first packet and outputs a control signal indicating normality/abnormality of output timing of the second packet based on a result of comparing a time of the clocking circuit and a time of first time information included in the first packet. A clock adjusting circuit of a processing unit synchronizes, when the second packet includes second time information indicating a time based on a transmitting side reference clock and when the control signal indicates normality, a receiving side reference clock with the transmitting side reference clock based on a result of comparing a time based on the receiving side reference clock and a time of the second time information.

Abstract: A statistic reporting method includes: obtaining the current time information after an MG determines that the statistic parameter value needs to be reported if the reporting of a statistic parameter value needs to be bound to the time information, when associating the current time with the current value of the statistic parameter to be reported, and reporting such information to an MGC. In the present disclosure, the MG associates the current time information with the current value of the statistic parameter to be reported, and reports such information to the MGC, thus enabling the MGC to obtain the correct time of triggering the reporting of the statistic parameter value, reducing errors and improving the accuracy of subsequent analysis and prediction based on the reported statistic parameter value.

Abstract: A packet transmission device of a physical layer receives a plurality of packets from a media access control layer that is an upper layer of the physical layer, and detects a packet including a sync message from the packets. The packet transmission device receives first time information for synchronization from the media access control layer, inserts first time information into the sync message, and transmits packets at a predetermined data rate.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to perform buffer management for media processing are described.

Abstract: A method for performing protocol data unit (PDU) header re-synchronization in a communication system includes: when a header check sequence (HCS) fail occurs, detecting whether there exists a valid HCS in a first portion of first data by utilizing at least one detection window, where the first data is derived from an input signal received by the communication system; and when a valid HCS is detected in the first portion of the first data, detecting whether at least a second portion of the first data matches a connection identifier (CID) to determine whether the PDU header re-synchronization is completed.

Abstract: A method of processing data comprises the receiving a frame of data having a predetermined number of time slots (502,504,506). Each time slot comprises a respective plurality of data symbols (520). The method further comprises a primary (508), a secondary (510) and a tertiary (512) synchronization code in each said predetermined number of time slots.

Abstract: In a mobile communication system, multiple transceivers perform radio communications in the same frequency band.

Abstract: A method for shifting the position of a symbol to reduce transmission overhead is described. A frame with a plurality of symbols is provided. A determination is made whether the frame includes an indication of an event. At least one symbol of the plurality of symbols is shifted based on the determination. A counter is set to an initial value. The frame with the at least one shifted symbol is transmitted.

Abstract: A coder is fed with pre-coded data such that the absolute value of the RDS of the code words as produced by the coder is limited. This is achieved by ensuring that in a group of 2 code words the RDS of the first code word is compensated by the RDS of the second conde word. The RDS at the end of the second code word is then zero and the excursions of the RDS from the start of the first code word until the end of the second code word are limited because there are only a limited number of bits that can contribute to an increase of the absolute value of the RDS. This principle can easily be applied to the 17PP coder.

Abstract: The present invention discloses one or more network components within a telecommunication network wherein said network is a serial bitstream network and the network components are comprising one or more inverse multiplexers, wherein said multiplexer(s) is/are TDM bonding multiplexers and said multiplexer(s) utilize(s) spare bits and/or FAS bits in a protocol for control of specific functions of the inverse multiplexer(s). The invention further includes a method for inverse multiplexing of one or more serial bitstreams within a telecommunication network wherein said method uses spare bit and/or frame alignment signals from a protocol to: measure differential delay between transmission lines at the receiving end, and/or secure timeslot integrity by compensation for individual link delay, and/or secure correct transmitter and receiver timeslot sequence by link identification, and/or monitor channel availability by block error checking.

Abstract: The clock synchronization accuracy between a master node and a slave node is stably measured. The slave node synchronizes its own clock with the clock of the master node by means of the packets transmitted from the master node. It reproduces the clock of the slave node by means of the transmitted packets, accumulates information on the transmitted packets and the clock of the slave node and performs clock synchronization on the basis of the accumulated information.

Abstract: A method and system of processing sampled voice packets from a voice packet sender for transmission over a bit-rate sampled data transmission system, such as by a cable modem over a cable modem termination system, to a voice packet recipient. Unsolicited grant arrivals in response to a request from the voice packet sender coupled to the cable modem are determined. The storing of sampled voice packets is synchronized with the unsolicited grant arrivals. Upon receipt of an unsolicited grant arrival, currently stored sampled voice packets are transmitted to the cable modem for further transmission to the voice packet recipient over the cable modem termination system.

Abstract: The present technology relates to protocols relative to utility meters associated with an open operational framework. More particularly, the present subject matter relates to protocol subject matter for advanced metering infrastructure, adaptable to various international standards, while economically supporting a 2-way mesh network solution in a wireless environment, such as for operating in a residential electricity meter field. The present subject matter supports meters within an ANSI standard C12.22/C12.19 system while economically supporting a 2-way mesh network solution in a wireless environment, such as for operating in a residential electricity meter field, all to permit cell-based adaptive insertion of C12.22 meters within an open framework. Cell isolation is provided through quasi-orthogonal sequences in a frequency hopping network. Additional features relate to apparatus and methodology subject matters relating to real time clock distribution and recovery.

Abstract: A method includes determining a priority of each of a plurality of frames, wherein the priority is a function of an initial value dependent on content of each said frame and one or more adjustment values independent of content of each said frame, and selecting the frame with the highest determined priority for transmission through the device prior to transmission of any other of the frames. A system includes a receiving port configured to receive frames and assign an initial priority to each frame, a queue configured to insert queue entries associated with received frames on the queue, each queue entry being inserted at a queue position based on the initial priority assigned to the queue entry, the queue further configured to reorder queue entries based on readjusted priorities of the queue entries; and a transmitter switch configured to transmit the frame having the highest priority before transmitting any other frame.

Abstract: The present invention relates to media synchronization. The invention is mainly addressed to synchronization of continuous media streams that are provided in data transfer systems. In a sending device, at least one of media components being transferred is provided, by means of data hiding, with synchronization information relating to one other of the media components. In a receiving device the media components are received, and synchronization information relating to one of the media component and being hid in at least one other media component is recovered from the at least one other media component, by means of which synchronization information the at least two media components are synchronized to be played.

Abstract: With a method for synchronization in a redundant communication system that includes a central participant and at least one further participant, at least one of the further participants being synchronized with the central participant, and, to this end, at least two telegrams containing synchronization information being transmitted by the central participant to the at least one further participant, if there is a transmission error involving a telegram containing synchronization information, it is still possible to carry out synchronization due to the fact that, based on the synchronization information contained in the at least two telegrams, resultant synchronization information is obtained and is used to synchronize the further participants with the central participant.

Abstract: A synchronization module for providing synchronization messages to be sent with a time stamp in accordance with the PTP protocol of standard IEEE 1588 is provided. The synchronization module comprises a program module for generating a synchronization message to be sent and for providing the synchronization message with a first time stamp, and a hardware-implemented time stamp module which receives synchronization messages from the program module and forwards them in accordance with the PTP protocol. The time stamp module comprises a real time clock, a message detector for recognizing a synchronization message by its difference in relation to other messages and a message manipulator for overwriting the first time stamp in a synchronization message recognized by the message detector with a second time stamp actually retrieved from the real time clock.

Abstract: A unified system of programming communication. The system encompasses the prior art (television, radio, broadcast hardcopy, computer communications, etc.) and new user specific mass media. Within the unified system, parallel processing computer systems, each having an input (e.g., 77) controlling a plurality of computers (e.g., 205), generate and output user information at receiver stations. Under broadcast control, local computers (73, 205), combine user information selectively into prior art communications to exhibit personalized mass media programming at video monitors (202), speakers (263), printers (221), etc. At intermediate transmission stations (e.g., cable television stations), signals in network broadcasts and from local inputs (74, 77, 97, 98) cause control processors (71) and computers (73) to selectively automate connection and operation of receivers (53), recorder/players (76), computers (73), generators (82), strippers (81), etc.

Abstract: An interval centroid-based watermark encoder encodes a watermark into a packet flow. Intervals are defined for the packet flow. Some of the intervals are selected as group A intervals while other intervals are selected as group B intervals. Group A and group B intervals are paired and assigned to watermark bits. A first or second value may be encoded by increasing the relative packet time between packets in either the group A (for the first bit value) or group B (for the second bit value) interval(s) of the interval pair(s) assigned to the watermark bits that are to represent the first or second bit value and the beginning of the same group interval(s). The relative packet times may be measured by a decoder and used to calculate a centroid difference for each interval pair. The centroid differences may be used to reconstruct the watermark.

Abstract: A communication system carrying out an isochronous transfer, includes a cycle master node and nodes connected with each other through a system bus. The cycle master node sets a cycle time of the isochronous transfer and transfers a cycle start packet onto the system bus for every the cycle time. Each of the nodes transfers an isochronous packet onto the system bus in response to the cycle start packet.

Abstract: Receivers (1) for receiving frequency signals are, to improve their time synchronization accuracy, provided with synchronization stages (20) for performing a coarse time synchronization through autocorrelating samples of a group of preamble symbols (t1,t2,t3) and a fine time synchronization through crosscorrelating samples of a further group of preamble symbols (t10,G1) with predefined samples. The synchronization stages (20) also perform a coarse and a fine frequency synchronization through detecting and accumulating phases of samples of a yet further group of preamble symbols (t8,t9) and of another group of preamble symbols (T1,T2). The synchronization stages (20) have buffering units (21) and controlling units (22) for controlling mixing units (11) and transformating units (12) in processing stages (10). The preamble symbols have ten short preamble symbols (t1-t10), a guard interval preamble symbol (G 1) and two training symbols (T 1,T2).

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for acquiring and verifying a code used by a base station. Acquisition time is reduced and circuitry simplified by performing Phase I and Phase II acquisitions in series, but in parallel with Phase III acquisition and verification, which are done in series. Phase III code acquisition is done by despreading the input signal using each of the possible codes in a code group. An estimation of the frequency offset between the base station and the terminal's local reference is used to correct the phase of the despread signals, which are coherently and non-coherently integrated. The largest accumulated value corresponds to the code used by the base station. The code is verified by despreading the received signal, applying a frequency correction, and demodulating. The demodulated output is a series of symbols, and a count of these symbols verifies the acquired code.

Abstract: Synchronization of downlink streaming data is performed by estimating the likelihood of an underflow or an overflow in an output buffer upon receipt of each encoded data frame to determine if synchronization will be needed. After each encoded data frame is decoded it is then synchronized if the estimate indicated synchronization would be needed. Synchronization of uplink steaming data is performed by estimating the likelihood of an underflow or an overflow in an input buffer upon sending of each encoded data frame to an output modem for transmission to determine if synchronization will be needed. If needed, synchronization will be performed later on a portion of data samples taken from the input buffer that are used to form a frame of un-encoded data samples.

Abstract: A bus station circuit (14) operates in an electronic system with a bus (10). The bus station determines an initial synchronization time point by detecting a synchronization signal pattern on the bus and switching to a synchronization enabled state upon detection of the synchronization signal pattern. Starting points of successive messages are determined head to tail from the end points of immediately preceding messages, when operating in the synchronization enabled state. The content of the messages is tested for validity. The bus station switches to a synchronization disabled state in response to detection of a message with invalid content. While in the synchronization disabled state, use of messages that are received is disabled in the bus station circuit. In the synchronization disabled state the bus station waits for a synchronization event to switch back to the synchronization enabled state.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of and system for enabling the transport of timer protocols over a generic frame procedure (GFP) network. The method comprises the steps of transmitting a defined optical initialization sequence to a GFP mapper, and using that GFP mapper to detect the optical initialization sequence and to generate a specified GFP frame to represent the initialization sequence. This specified GFP frame is recognized as a control frame for timer initialization. In a preferred embodiment, the timer protocol uses biphase encoding to encode clock data, and the method comprises the further steps of recovering clock data from a data stream that uses the biphase encoding, detecting a clock rate in that data stream, and using a look up table to map said detected clock rate into a specific code for said control frame.

Abstract: A method of efficiently combining data from at least a plurality of a first type of data source and a second type of data source. The method comprises synchronizing the plural first type of data sources to thereby generate a synchronized data rate, providing a frame having plural bit positions, assigning the synchronized first type of data in ones of the bit positions of the frame, and arranging the second type of data in the frame as a function of the synchronized data rate.

Abstract: Provided are a method for measuring characteristics of a path between nodes by using active testing packets based on priority, i.e., an inter-node path characteristic measuring method, which can measure and provide characteristics of a generated node, when an inter-node data transmission path is generated based on Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) to provide a path with satisfactory transmission delay, jitter and packet loss that are required by a user, and to provide a computer-readable recording medium for recording a program that implement the method. The method includes the steps of: a) synchronizing system time of the nodes with a global standard time; b) forming each testing packet; c) registering frame sequence and the global standard time during transmission; and d) calculating transmission delay time, jitter and packet loss by using time stamp and packet sequence information of a frame received by the destination node and transmitting the result to the management system.

Abstract: Output clock adjustment for a digital I/O between physical layer devices and media access controller. A method is disclosed for transferring data received on the input of a physical layer device from a transmission medium to an output associated with the physical layer device and to a media independent layer, the transferred data associated with transferred timing information from the physical layer device to the media independent layer. A receive clock is generated and then the data transitions in the received data are synchronized to at least one edge of the receive clock to provide synchronized receive data. The synchronized received data is then transmitted to the media independent layer. The generated receive clock is delayed by a predetermined clock delay to provide a delayed receive clock, and wherein the data transitions in the synchronized receive data is positioned relative to the rising edge of the delayed receive clock at a predetermined position therein following the rising edge thereof.

Abstract: A method of synchronizing a network includes transmitting a tone signal to convey time information and setting a local time according to the conveyed time information. The method may also include detecting an occurrence of a predefined aspect of the tone signal, and setting a local time based on the occurrence of the predefined aspect of the signal.

Abstract: A method of performing cell search includes receiving a primary synchronization signal (PSS) comprising a primary synchronization code (PSC) and receiving a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) comprising a first secondary synchronization code (SSC) and a second SSC, wherein the SSS includes a first SSS and a second SSS, the first SSC and the second SSC are arranged in that order in the first SSS, and the second SSC and the first SSC are arranged in that order in the second SSS. Detection performance on synchronization signals can be improved, and cell search can be performed more reliably.

Abstract: A network component comprising at least one processor configured to implement a method comprising initiating a synchronization window, and promoting the transmission of a frame comprising a control symbol, wherein the control symbol delineates a beginning of the frame, and wherein the control symbol is offset from the beginning of the synchronization window. Also disclosed is a system comprising an upstream node in communication with a downstream node, wherein the upstream node transmits a data stream comprising a plurality of frames to the downstream node, wherein the data stream is organized into a plurality of synchronization windows, and wherein the frames float within the synchronization windows. Included is a method comprising transmitting an Ethernet data stream comprising an Ethernet control symbol, wherein the Ethernet control symbol is transmitted within a synchronization window and delineates a start of a packet within the synchronization window.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for detecting the start-of-packet in a wireless receiver operating in a packetized wireless network. One method embodiment includes calculating a plurality of start of packet (SOP) indicators, each for one or more of a plurality of receive chains in the receiver; determining one or more linear combinations of respective pluralities of the calculated SOP indicators to form one or more combined SOP indicators; comparing each of a plurality of SOP indicators or combined SOP indicators, including at least one of the combined SOP indicators to a respective threshold to form one or more respective SOP events; and, in the case there is more than one SOP event, determining a logic function of the SOP events to form a SOP decision event.

Abstract: Messages transmitted between a receiver and a transmitter are used to maximize a communication data rate. In particular, a multicarrier modulation system uses messages that are sent from the receiver to the transmitter to exchange one or more sets of optimized communication parameters. The transmitter then stores these communication parameters and when transmitting to that particular receiver, the transmitter utilizes the stored parameters in an effort to maximize the data rate to that receiver. Likewise, when the receiver receives packets from that particular transmitter, the receiver can utilize the stored communication parameters for reception.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transceiver and communication method involving a time division multiple transmission method, which performs data transmission among a plurality of transceivers. The transceiver includes a transmitter sending data, a receiver receiving data, a switch operable to switch among connecting the transmitter to a transmission line, connecting the receiver to the transmission line, or disconnecting both the transmitter and the receiver to the transmission line or connecting the transmission line to high impedance, and a controller operable to control the switch. The switch connects the transmitter or the receiver to the transmission line at a time that the transceiver has a relation to a communication designated by the time division multiplex transmission method.

Abstract: A composite signal includes a high power beacon signal and low power corresponding wideband synchronization signal and is communicated over a time interval exceeding a single OFDM transmission time interval. A base station transmits one or more different such composite broadcast signals in a recurring timing structure. Each different potential beacon signal, e.g., a single tone signal, is paired with a unique wideband synchronization signal. A wideband synchronization signal includes at least some predetermined null tones and at least some predetermined non-null tones. For a given wideband synchronization signal, the predetermined null tones carry predetermined modulation symbol values, A wireless terminal receives a composite signal, identifies a beacon, determines a corresponding known wideband synchronization signal, compares received to known wideband synchronization signals, and determines at least one of a timing adjustment, frequency adjustment and channel estimation.

Abstract: A recording medium, method and apparatus for managing data are discussed. According to an embodiment, the present invention provides a method of reproducing main data and additional data. The method includes receiving the additional data associated with the main data, the additional data being divided into a plurality of segment units; and reproducing the additional data in a synchronous manner with the main data using time information if indication information indicates a presence of the time information. The time information indicates a presentation time of the additional data with respect to the main data. The main data and the additional data are reproduced according to management data, the management data including link information for linking the main data and the additional data.

Abstract: Power management methods and systems. First, a running cycle of a processing unit processing a data unit is recorded. A gating signal is generated according to the running cycle and a performance requirement, and a working clock is adjusted according to the gating signal. Thereafter, the adjusted working signal is provided to the processing unit.

Abstract: Apparatus having corresponding computer programs comprise: a code generator adapted to generate a transmitter identification block, wherein the transmitter identification block comprises 32 rows and 82 columns, wherein the first 66 symbols in each of the rows comprises a cyclically-extended 63-chip pseudonoise code that is selectively polarity-inverted according to a respective phase of a 32-chip Walsh code, and wherein each of the last 16 columns comprises a parity-extended 31-chip Gold code that is selectively polarity-inverted according to a respective phase of a 16-chip Walsh code; and a code inserter adapted to insert each of the rows into the reserved block of a respective one of 32 consecutive field synchronization segments in an Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) television signal prior to transmission of the ATSC television signal.

Abstract: A packet preamble search method is disclosed for locating a packet preamble with multiple predetermined patterns of a regular form within a received transmission signal with sequential multiple patterns. The pattern of the received transmission signal and the predetermined pattern of the packet preamble have the same length with even bits. The pattern of the transmission signal is sequentially compared with the predetermined pattern. A hit count is increased and a miss count is reset when the pattern of the transmission signal matches the predetermined pattern. The miss count is increased and the hit count is decreased when the pattern of the transmission signal does not match the predetermined pattern. The hit count and the miss count are reset when the hit count is less than or equal to the miss count. An address matching procedure is activated when the hit count exceeds or is equal to a threshold value.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting a packet in a wireless communications network is presented. A packet is constructed to include synchronization header, a physical layer header, and a payload. A preamble and a start of frame delimiter is inserted in the synchronization header. Multiple pairs of cores and of suffixes are inserted in the start of frame delimiter, and then the packet is transmitted.

Abstract: A frame synchronous circuit operable in a dedicated short-range communication system, applicable to several modulation schemes, includes a UW detector for detecting a UW word from received data, an operation setting register group for specifying the operations of an on-board unit, a synchronous manager for controlling synchronization, an unlimited synchronization continuation register for maintaining the unlimited continuation of the synchronization, and an FCMC data analyzer for analyzing FCMC data. The operation setting register group can control synchronization by using not only operational information obtained from the FCMC data but also another operational information retrieved from an input device such as a CPU or terminal connected to the on-board unit. Consequently, debug and test operations can be performed without receiving any FCMC data.

Abstract: Maintaining synchronization when sending/receiving multiple channels of data with a corresponding common reference clock signal. Synchronization signals (e.g., pulses) are generated periodically and the timing of channels is adjusted. In an embodiment, multiple sequences of parallel data elements are received on corresponding parallel data channels using a first common clock signal. Each sequence of parallel data elements is converted to a corresponding sequence of serial data elements. The serial data elements are transmitted on a corresponding serial channel using a serial clock as a common reference. A synchronization signal may be generated periodically with a time period of (the number of bits in each parallel data element x the time period of the serial clock), wherein ‘×’ represents multiplication operation. As the parallel data channels are synchronized in short intervals, synchronization is maintained.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of detecting and correcting skew across a plurality of transmitting lanes. Through the use of an N framer system, including a frame start signal and a frame synchronization signal, skew can be detected and corrected by writing data from a plurality of framers into offsetting bit locations of a plurality of buffers. The present invention also provides a method of transmitting data in a multiple lane distribution (MLD) transmission system.

Abstract: Local Interconnect Network message budget calculation error is reduced by utilizing an eight bit time measurement of the sync byte in the message header. The method determines the header budget separately from the data budget, simplifying the required logic. The sync byte reference time is multiplied by the message data size to determine the data budget.

Abstract: A synchronization timing detecting apparatus includes a correlation calculator configured to generate a first correlation value by calculating a cross-correlation between an input signal being sampled and a reference signal or an auto-correlation of the sampled input signal, an interpolation processor configured to generate a second correlation value interpolating a plurality of the first correlation values having a different combination of sampling points of the input signal, and a detector to detect a synchronization timing based on the first and the second correlation values.

Abstract: The invention comprises a method and apparatus for adapting plesiochronous hierarchical layered data to produce synchronous hierarchical layered data. Similarly, the invention comprises a method and apparatus for adapting synchronous hierarchical layered data to produce plesiochronous hierarchical layered data.

Abstract: A data transmission process with auto-synchronised correcting code, auto-synchronised coder and decoder, corresponding transmitter and receiver. According to the invention, synchronisation management signals (HS, SS, ID) are formed and, under the control of these signals, a header is inserted before a data group and after it a correcting code. At receive end, these synchronisation management signals are reconstituted, the presence of a header is detected and any erroneous symbols are corrected. The invention also provides for an auto-synchronised coder and a decoder and for a transmitter and a receiver using them.