Abstract: A method for the generation of a signal including a minimum of disturbances and noise is provided. A method for the detection of a signal including a minimum of disturbances and noise is also provided. An element of the signal is functionally dependent on at least one further element of the signal.

Abstract: A first wireless node may synchronize its timeslots with the timeslots of a second wireless node that was previously transmitting and receiving data in an asynchronous manner with respect to the timeslots of the first wireless node. By synchronizing timeslots, the wireless nodes may avoid interference that may otherwise occur if the wireless nodes operate in an asynchronous manner. A wireless node shares its timing information with other wireless nodes by repeatedly transmitting timing reference signals in conjunction with a synchronization metric that defines the relative priority of the timing reference. In the event a wireless node does not receive a GPS-based timing reference, the wireless node may synchronize to a timing reference based on the parameters of the synchronization metric of that timing reference. In the event a wireless node does not receive any timing references, the wireless node may define and advertise it's a timing reference and associated synchronization metric.

Abstract: A receiver includes a receiving unit that receives a signal from a satellite, a frequency conversion-discretization unit that converts the signal received in the receiving unit into an intermediate frequency signal of a frequency bandwidth including 0 Hz, and discretizes the frequency-converted intermediate frequency signal with a predetermined sampling frequency, a filter unit that filters the discretized signal, which is output from the frequency conversion-discretization unit, through a predetermined filter, a synchronization acquisition unit that acquires synchronization of a spreading code in the discretized signal filtered by the filter unit, and a synchronization holding unit that holds the synchronization of the spreading code, which is acquired by the synchronization acquisition unit.

Abstract: A wireless communication system broadcasts a control signal at a first frequency band from a base station and allocates additional frequency band(s) for transmitting data via terminal(s). A control signal at the first frequency band indicates the location of the additional frequency band(s) and is not transmitted over the additional frequency band(s). Wireless data transmission is simultaneously performed over the first frequency band and the additional frequency band(s). Each terminal receives the control signal, which is used in time-synchronizing frames between the wireless data transmission at the first frequency band and the wireless data transmission at the additional frequency band(s). The control signal also includes control data for managing wireless data transmission between the base station and the terminal(s) at the first frequency band, and is utilized instead of a control signal at the additional frequency band(s).

Abstract: Provided are a transmission device, a receiving device, and a communication system having a simple configuration and capable of reliably executing the confirmation of a changed bit rate. The communication system 1 sends, to the receiving device 3, a serial data signal Sdata that is set as a constant value across a period of a constant multiple of a cycle of the clock when a bit rate of a serial data signal Sdata in the transmission device 2 is changed. The receiving device 3 that received the serial data signal Sdata receives training data Tdata from the transmission device 2 when it is determined that the serial data signal Sdata is a constant value across a period of a constant multiple of a cycle of the clock, and proceeds to the processing of confirming the changed bit rate.

Abstract: According to various embodiments of the disclosure, systems, methods and apparatuses are provided for using ranging to improve network efficiency. In particular, various embodiments of the disclosure provide ranging to improve local clock time synchronization. According to one embodiment, a method for synchronizing a plurality of nodes on a communication network is provided, comprising: exchanging local clock times between a first node and a second node over the communication network; performing a ranging method between the first and second nodes based on the local clock times exchanged between the first and second nodes, wherein the ranging method results in an estimated propagation delay between the first and second nodes; and adjusting the local clock times of the first and second nodes based on the estimated propagation delay, thereby resulting in a synchronized local clock time at the first and second nodes.

Abstract: A source synchronous signal synchronization system includes a differential signal receiver; a tunable input delay element coupled to the receiver; an input serializer/deserializer (ISerDes) coupled to the tunable input delay; an alignment unit coupled to the ISerDes; and a delay control unit coupled to the tunable input delay, the ISerDes, and the alignment unit.

Abstract: A downlink frame generation device arrange a plurality of synchronization channel symbols and a plurality of broad-casting channel symbols in a common bandwidth of a system so that the symbols may neighbor each other on the time axis. The downlink frame generation device applies a precoding vector to the synchronization channel symbols and the broadcasting channel symbols to generate a plurality of downlink frames corresponding to a plurality of antennas. The precoding vector is variable by a sector for transmitting a plurality of downlink frames and a subframe in which a plurality of synchronization channel symbols are positioned. The precoding vector is independent of an index of a subcarrier.

Abstract: A method and system for measuring latency is provided. A monitor node is used to measure latency in a computer network or in a computing device by time stamping signal messages sent from nodes in the computer network and/or tasks in a particular node or device. The time stamps are generated using a system clock of the monitor node to reduce any discrepancies in timing. In addition, the monitor node may compensate for latencies between the monitor node and each of the one or more nodes or devices across which latency is to be measured. Signal messages may include a data message ID and/or a node ID identifying the message that is being tracked and for which latency is being measured. Latency may further be measured across multiple tasks being performed in the same or different nodes or devices by transmitting signal messages for each of the multiple tasks.

Abstract: Various embodiments facilitate data communication between a client device and a remote device over a voice channel of a telephone system. In one embodiment, the data communication over the voice channel is synchronized to align with voice frames utilized by the telephone system to transmit communicated data between the devices. In some embodiments, the synchronization is performed by determining an offset between a received synchronization audio signal and the voice frames used by the telephone system to process the synchronization audio signal, such as based on an amount of energy present in the received synchronization audio signal.

Abstract: A method and system for processing correction field information are provided. The method includes: receiving a packet, and obtaining a first correction value carried by the packet; obtaining first time information and second time information; obtaining a second correction value according to the first correction value and the first time information; setting the second correction value in the packet; setting the second time information in the packet; obtaining third time information and fourth time information; obtaining a third correction value according to the second correction value, the second time information, the third time information, and the fourth time information; and setting the third correction value in the packet. The processing of the time information and the processing of the correction field information are performed with a set of processing mechanism, and the implementation is simpler.

Abstract: A bus system for the real-time communication of a superordinate unit with one or more subordinate units is used for exchanging address and data information via a bus. For the rapid exchange of messages, further fields are provided between the fields for the address and data information.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the domain of control methods of a plurality of formatting equipment (FE1, FE2) of streams (TS) used as backup. The items of equipment receive the streams (TS) and send, to a modulator (MOD1), formatted streams (TS_SFN1, TS_SFN2) comprising a succession of blocks of packets called “megaframe” and megaframe initialization packets (MIP) used by the modulator (MOD1) to identify in time a megaframe (MFn) relatively to a time base (TB).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for generating a downlink frame includes: generating a first short sequence and a second short sequence indicating cell group information; generating a first scrambling sequence determined by a first synchronization signal; generating a second scrambling sequence determined by a group to which the first short sequence belongs, the wireless communication system using a plurality of short sequences and the plurality of short sequence being divided into a plurality of groups; scrambling the first short sequence with the first scrambling sequence; scrambling the second short sequence with at least the second scrambling sequence; and mapping a second synchronization signal including the scrambled first short sequence and the scrambled second short sequence in the frequency domain.

Abstract: For adding additional data, such as multi-channel extension data, to base data, such as conventional stereo data, a test fingerprint of test data relating to a test time instant of the test data is provided. The test data equals the additional data or the base data or depends on the additional data or the base data in parametric manner. Using the test fingerprint, reference time instant information is determined, which depends on a reference time instant in reference data, the reference data being the conventional stereo data. Finally, the additional data or the base data is manipulated, namely using the reference time instant information and the test time instant information, to obtain manipulated data, by which synchronous reproduction of the data information can be performed. Thus, a robust and flexible possibility for synchronous, especially late extension of base data by additional data is obtained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of generating a downlink frame. The method of generating the downlink frame includes: generating a first short sequence and a second short sequence indicating cell group information; generating a first scrambling sequence and a second scrambling sequence determined by the primary synchronization signal; generating a third scrambling sequence determined by a short sequence group-a wireless communication system uses a plurality of short sequences and the plurality of short sequences are grouped into a plurality of short sequence group-to which the first short sequence is assigned; scrambling the first short sequence with the first scrambling sequence and scrambling the second short sequence with the second scrambling sequence and the third scrambling sequence; and mapping the secondary synchronization signal that includes the scrambled first short sequence and the scrambled second short sequence to a frequency domain.

Abstract: A communication apparatus is connected to a transmission channel for transmitting data to another communication apparatus. The communication apparatus includes: a communication frame generator which generates a communication frame for storing the data; and a controller which controls to insert a pilot symbol into the communication frame based on a state of the transmission channel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for generating a downlink frame includes: generating a first short sequence and a second short sequence indicating cell group information; generating a first scrambling sequence determined by a first synchronization signal; generating a second scrambling sequence determined by a first short sequence and a third scrambling sequence determined by a second short sequence; scrambling the first short sequence with the first scrambling sequence; scrambling the second short sequence with at least the second scrambling sequence; scrambling the second short sequence with the first scrambling sequence; scrambling the first short sequence with at least the third scrambling sequence; and mapping one second synchronization signal including the first short sequence scrambled with the first scrambling sequence and the second short sequence scrambled with at least the second scrambling sequence and another second synchronization signal including the second short sequence scrambled wi

Abstract: Relay devices and sink devices that provide synchronized audio and/or video outputs are described. A relay device receives a first communication packet from a source device. The first communication packet includes a data frame. A timestamp is generated. The timestamp is an estimate of a time at which content defined by the data frame will be “played.” A second communication packet is generated that includes the data frame and the generated timestamp. The second communication packet is transmitted from the relay device. In one implementation, the generated timestamp is received by a plurality of sink devices, and is used to synchronize output signals (e.g., sound and/or video images) of the sink devices. In another implementation, the generated timestamp is received by a sink device, and is used to synchronize an output signal of the sink device with an output signal of the relay device.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting a primary and secondary synchronization channel is provided herein. During operation a transmitter will transmit a primary synchronization channel (P-SCH) in a subframe and a secondary synchronization channel (S-SCH) in the subframe. The S-SCH is modulated by a complex exponential wave and scrambled with a scrambling code. In certain embodiments of the present invention the P-SCH comprises a GCL sequence or a Zadoff-Chu sequence and the scrambling code is based on the GCL sequence index of the P-SCH.

Abstract: A system including an estimation module, a processing module, and a control module. The estimation module is configured to generate a first set of channel estimates for a plurality of subcarriers of a received signal. The processing module is configured to generate a second set of channel estimates for the plurality of subcarriers, in which the second set of channel estimates are generated based on the first set of channel estimates. The control module is configured to estimate a preamble sequence in the received signal based on each of (i) the first set of channel estimates and (ii) the second set of channel estimates.

Abstract: In a method and a device for decoding a signal, the signal is transmitted via at least one connecting line of a data transmission system, in a user of the data transmission system receiving the signal. It is provided to measure the interval of a change—provided compulsorily in a transmission protocol used in the data transmission system—of the signal from rising to falling or from falling to rising edge. A tendency for an asymmetrical delay of the signal can be ascertained from the measured interval. The sampling of the bits of the received signal can be improved as a function of the interval or of the asymmetrical delay, for example, by setting the sampling instant in variable fashion. Alternatively, the interval or the asymmetrical delay can be utilized for diagnostic purposes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of generating a downlink frame.

Abstract: A communication apparatus having a clock interface unit supplying a clock signal for synchronization, includes a clock extracting section for extracting a clock component from a receive signal, a decoding section for generating a decoded signal by decoding in a predetermined encoding form the clock component extracted by the clock extracting section, a frame converting section for creating a receive frame by converting the decoded signal to a frame in a predetermined frame form, a determining section for determining whether the predetermined encoding form and the predetermined frame form are right or not on a basis of the receive frame, a setting section for performing setting regarding the clock signal on a basis of the encoding form and frame form determined to be right by the determining section, and a clock signal output section for outputting the clock signal generated on a basis of the setting by the setting section.

Abstract: An embodiment is a method and apparatus to decode a signal using channel information. A channel state estimator generates a tone value representing channel information. A quantizer quantizes the tone value. A combiner combines de-interleaved symbols weighed by the quantized tone value. A comparator compares the combined de-interleaved symbols with a threshold to generate a decoding decision. Another embodiment is a method and apparatus to decode a signal using averaging. A channel estimator provides a channel estimate. A multiplier multiplies a quantized output of a demodulator with the channel estimate to produce N symbols of a signal corresponding to a carrier. A de-interleaver de-interleaves the N symbols. An averager averages the N de-interleaved symbols to generate a channel response at a carrier.

Abstract: In particular embodiments, an error correction during the transmission of the data word is made possible through the change of the modulation state at pre-defined time points.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus therefor searching a cell in a mobile station of a communication system in which a plurality of cells are grouped into a plurality of cell groups, and each cell group includes at least two cells. The method includes detecting a primary synchronization signal and a secondary synchronization signal from a received signal, and identifying a cell based on a combination of the primary synchronization signal and the secondary synchronization signal. The secondary synchronization signal is related to the cell group to which the mobile station belongs and the primary synchronization signal is related to the cell to which the mobile station belongs within the cell group.

Abstract: The invention relates to synchronization applied to a data stream structured as super-frames. Each block in a super-frame comprises a slow synchronization part and at least one traffic frame. The slow synchronization parts in the super-frame result at least from a decomposition of a synchronization management word. Additional synchronization parts similar to the slow synchronization parts and distributed in place of traffic frame bits in the super-frame are inserted in the super-frame. The invention provides for fast synchronization coexisting with a pre-existing slow synchronization without increasing the bandwidth. The invention is particularly applicable to cryptographic synchronization between fixed and/or mobile terminal equipments operating in interconnected dissimilar networks whose synchronization time constants differ.

Abstract: A method includes: receiving a burst including payload and a synchronization field, wherein the synchronization field contains a synchronization pattern; selecting, from a plurality of expected synchronization patterns, a target synchronization pattern dependent on an operating mode; comparing the received synchronization pattern against the target synchronization pattern; and if the received synchronization pattern is of the target synchronization pattern, processing the payload; otherwise, discarding the burst.

Abstract: A method and system for differential billing based on the access network through which data traffic flows between a subscriber and a service provider. The service provider may measure the amount of data traffic that flows to and from the subscriber and may determine which access network the traffic flows through on its way between the subscriber and the service provider. Based at least in part on the identity of the access network used, the service provider may determine a fee to charge the subscriber for handling the measured data flow.

Abstract: A system and method of synchronizing transmissions in a simulcast system by continuously adjusting the signal transmission delay. Timing information that includes a GPS timestamp is continuously generated at a source site, encoded into a timing packet which along with a content signal can be transported over a network link such as T1/E1 or a packet switched network to multiple transmitter sites. Once received at a transmitter site, the timing packet along with the content signal is delayed by an adjustable delay. The GPS timestamp in the received timing packet is compared to a GPS timestamp that is generated at the transmitter site upon arrival of the timing packet. Based on a variance between that comparison and the value of a user-specified target delay, the delay of the received signal is adjusted to synchronize signal transmissions in the simulcast system.

Abstract: A method for synchronizing frames when a frame synchronization pattern is lost is provided. The method includes forcing a frame state machine to an operate mode following an initial synchronization, searching for the frame synchronization pattern on a bit level while running the frame state machine in the operate mode, and correcting for synchronization on the bit level while running the frame state machine in the operate mode when synchronization is lost. The initial synchronization includes a search mode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for detecting a pilot pattern, comprising a pilot signal sp(t), in a received signal r(t) implemented in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system. The method comprises the steps: computing a value of a log-likelihood function (?0,?0) for a hypotheses space specified by the pilot signal sp(t) and an initial time frequency offset (?0,?0), and relating the computed value to a reference value to detect the pilot pattern.

Abstract: When the synchronization information, transmitted from a synchronization information output unit of a clock master side device, is detected by a synchronization information detection unit, the clock slave side device associates the synchronization information with the timestamp information at the time of detection of the synchronization information. Based on the timestamp information associated with the currently received synchronization information, the timestamp information associated with at least one synchronization information up to the synchronization information received last time and transmission period information of the synchronization information, a calculation/decision unit decides whether or not a predetermined condition is met. When the condition is met, the calculation/decision unit supplies the currently received synchronization information to a clock synchronization technique function unit.

Abstract: A method for writing information to a first memory location controlled by a first computing system from a second memory location controlled by a second computing system that interfaces with the first computing system via a network connection is provided.

Abstract: Communication systems that use different physical layer (PHY) protocols can coexist on a communication medium (e.g., a powerline medium) by using an Inter-PHY Protocol (IPP). The different protocols may use different signal modulation schemes but still may have some features in common. The IPP includes a resource sharing mechanism that regulates access to the communication medium by devices functioning as communication devices (for example, devices communicating over a power line). A subset of devices that communicate among each other form a logical network that shares the medium with other logical networks that use either the same PHY protocol or a different PHY protocol.

Abstract: A coarse timing synchronization acquisition method in a mobile communication system is applied to the timing synchronization acquisition of a mobile communication system that transmits the same signal blocks repeatedly, which comprises: starting from the beginning time instant of timing synchronization acquisition, iteratively calculating the delay correlation accumulation (DCA) values at K samples, when K is the number of DCA values at each time slot; M time slots are searched in each frame, the position corresponding to the maximum DCA value is taken as the estimate of timing synchronization position; M timing synchronization position estimates are obtained, and among these, one timing synchronization position estimate is selected as the candidate for the current frame timing synchronization position, and it is decided whether the candidate is reliable; after L frames are searched, a predicted timing synchronization position of the next frame is obtained by using the L timing synchronization positions.

Abstract: Some embodiments disclosed herein relate to a method. In the method, a duration of a first synchronization pulse is measured. A fixed, predetermined number of ticks are equally spaced at a first time interval over the first sync pulse, regardless of the duration of the first synchronization pulse. A duration of a first data pulse is then measured by periodically incrementing a tick count value at the first time interval during the entire duration of the first data pulse. The tick count value at an end of the first data pulse is then correlated to a first digital value encoded on the first data pulse.

Abstract: A signal reception device is disclosed that is capable of detecting symbol synchronization timing with high precision in accordance with a condition of a propagation path even in an environment involving multi-path interference. The signal reception device adopts an OFCDM transmission scheme or a multi-carrier transmission scheme. The signal reception device includes a received signal information calculation unit to calculate received signal information representing a signal reception condition of a received signal; an output combination unit to combine correlation values in a predetermined section obtained by correlation detection based on the received signal information; and a symbol timing detection unit to detect a symbol synchronization timing based on the combined value.

Abstract: A clock and data recovery device receives a serial data stream and produces recovered clock and data signals. The clock and data recovery device operates over a range of frequencies and without use an external reference clock. A first loop supplies a first clock signal to a second loop. The second loop modifies the first clock signal to produce the recovered clock signal and uses the recover clock signal to produce the recovered data signal. The first loop changes the frequency of the first clock signal based on frequency comparison and data transition density metrics.

Abstract: A burst mode receiver including a CDR circuit that does not perform bit synchronization determination at a wrong position even when a burst signal waveform containing a distortion is input is provided. The burst mode receiver includes a CDR circuit for reproducing clock and data from a received signal, a bit synchronization determination circuit for determining whether the CDR circuit is in an optimum phase, a waveform distortion determination circuit for determining from the received signal whether there is waveform distortion, and a CDR output enable determination circuit for determining whether an output of the CDR circuit is valid or invalid. The CDR output enable determination circuit performs CDR output enable determination based on a bit synchronization determination result and a waveform distortion determination result.

Abstract: Methods for compensating timing errors in an A/V stream are provided. An embodiment of the methods includes: receiving a plurality of encoded video frames of a current Group of pictures (GOP) from the video encoder and a plurality of encoded audio frames; when an error occurs in the video encoder, utilizing a most recent encoded video frame of a previous GOP received from the video encoder as a reference to generate a plurality of dummy video frames; and utilizing the dummy video frames to pad the current GOP.

Abstract: Provided are: plural circuit components including a circuit component which constitutes a receiving unit receiving a signal sequence which is arranged so that a desired signal and a signal different from the desired signal are lined up in time series, the desired signal indicating desired data which includes at least one of text data, sound data, image data, and a computer program product; and an operating parameter changing unit which changes an operating parameter of at least one of the plural circuit components, during a period in which the receiving unit receives the signal different from the desired signal.

Abstract: An interworking function (IWF) at an edge of a packet network comprises a primary receiver and a backup receiver. The primary receiver receives data packets and timing information from a packet network. The primary receiver interworks data from the data packets into a data signal that is based on a local clock signal. The primary receiver uses the timing information from the packet network to adjust the frequency of the local clock signal such that it is synchronous to a network clock signal, such as a clock signal at an IWF, referred to as the “transmitting IWF,” that transmitted the data packets. In addition, the primary receiver from time-to-time provides timing information, such as a frequency control word, to the backup receiver, which uses such timing information to synchronize a clock signal of the backup receiver to the network clock signal upon an occurrence of a switchover from the primary receiver to the backup receiver.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for pseudo asynchronous testing of receive paths in serializer/deserializer (SerDes) devices. A SerDes device is tested by applying a source of serial data to a receive path of the SerDes device during a test mode. The receive path substantially aligns to incoming data using a bit clock. A phase is adjusted during the test mode of the bit clock relative to the source of serial data to evaluate the SerDes device. The source of serial data may be, for example, a reference clock used by a phase locked loop to generate the bit clock. The phase of the bit clock can be directly controlled during the test mode, for example, by a test phase control signal, such as a plurality of interpolation codes that are applied to an interpolator that alters a phase of the bit clock.

Abstract: In a multi-radio platform that operates in two networks, both the announced beacon intervals and the actual beacon intervals in one network may be periodically increased and decreased in defined amounts so that the beacons will not overlap scheduled communications with the other network. The determination of how much and how often to adjust these beacon intervals may be based, at least partially, on the minimum increments in which the beacons intervals are permitted to be adjusted, and on the scheduled communications intervals of the other network.

Abstract: In a wireless communication system, a central control unit 31 comprises a synchronizing means for synchronizing a frame for an base station-mobile station communication with that for an inter-mobile station direct communication based on control information used for the base station-mobile station communication, when a second frequency is used for the inter-mobile station direct communication which is different from a first frequency used for the base station-mobile station communication. The central control unit 31 also comprises an allocation means for allocating a band and a frequency for the inter-mobile station direct communication in accordance with an allocation request from a base station 30 or a mobile station 40. Frames for the base station-mobile station communication and the inter-mobile station direct communication are synchronized by utilizing control information 55 for the base station-mobile station communication instead of the conventional control information provided by the mobile station.

Abstract: Certain embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method for tracking of a carrier frequency offset. A soft combined frequency tracking discriminator is proposed as a part of the closed loop structure that can provide fast tracking of the frequency offset in an initial pull-in mode, and can also track small residual frequency variance in a fine-tracking mode.

Abstract: Various embodiments are directed to a synchronization channel or preamble structure that may be used in mobile WiMAX systems designed to operate in accordance with the IEEE 802.16e-2005 standard and/or the evolving IEEE 802.16m standard. In one embodiment, the synchronization channel (preamble) structure may comprise a base station group identifier field to store a k-bit base station group identifier, a base station identifier field to store an m-bit base station identifier, and a sector identifier field to store an n-bit sector identifier. The base station group identifier may be associated with a paging group identifier in a wireless communications system such as mobile WiMAX network. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: A method for detecting a specific timing from a synchronization channel is described. A signal with a known sequence is received. Two or more correlation values between the received signal and the known sequence are calculated at two or more positions. The two or more correlation values are compared. A determination is made whether the position of the known sequence has been shifted based on the comparison. A specific timing of a synchronization channel is detected based on the determination.