Abstract: Some examples relate to detecting network link failure. In an example, a determination may be made at a first network device on a network regarding an average round-trip delay time (RTD) between the first network device and a second network device over a given time interval during a given period of time. Then, for the given time interval, a keepalive packet may be sent from the first network device to the second network device at the average RTD of the given time interval for a keepalive time. In response to a determination, by the first network device that there is no acknowledgement of the keepalive packet from the second network device during the keepalive time, a network link between the first network device and the second network device may be identified as failed.

Abstract: A wireless communication link between a communication network and a communication terminal device positioned in a predeterminable region may be established and improve capacity for wireless communication. A line-bound communication link to the communication network may be established via a communication base device arranged in a fixed location, and an optically-based communication link to the communication terminal device may be established via an optical deflection device.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, a system for receiving electromagnetic waves that propagate along a transmission medium, generating, according to the electromagnetic waves, first signals and second signals, wirelessly providing, via a short-range dielectric antenna of the waveguide system, the first signals to a base station device, and wirelessly providing, via an array of dielectric antennas of the waveguide system, the second signals to a communication device remotely located from the waveguide system. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A motor drive apparatus includes an AC stabilized power supply configured to convert AC voltage of a commercial AC power source into input power supply voltage according to a received voltage command value and output the input power supply voltage, a converter configured to convert the input power supply voltage into DC voltage and output the DC voltage to a DC link, an inverter configured to convert the DC voltage at the DC link into AC voltage for driving a motor, and an input power supply voltage control unit configured to control the input power supply voltage that is output by the AC stabilized power supply.

Abstract: A link control circuit (10) includes a plurality of hardware processing units serving as an uplink parser unit (11) configured to output, as an event, the contents of link control notified by an uplink control frame, a timer unit (12) configured to start/stop a timer and output a link event in accordance with expiration of the timer, a frame generation unit (13) configured to generate a downlink control frame containing the contents of link control, and a state management unit (15) configured to manage the state of the link in accordance with these events, and instruct the timer unit to start/stop the timer and the frame generation unit to generate the downlink control frame in accordance with the state of the link, thereby controlling connection establishment, maintenance, and disconnection of the link.

Abstract: An integrated circuit comprising: a plurality of on-chip-instrument-modules; a test-controller-module configured to communicate data with the plurality of on-chip-instrument-modules; a functional-module configured to communicate data with the plurality of on-chip-instrument-modules; and an on-chip-instrument-controller. The on-chip-instrument controller is configured to: for each of the plurality of on-chip-instrument-modules, store an access-indicator; and based on a value of the access-indicator for each on-chip-instrument-module, enable the on-chip-instrument-module to communicate with either: the test-controller-module; or the functional-module.

Abstract: A downstream data frame transmitting method includes: generating, by an optical line terminal (OLT), a downstream data frame, where the downstream data frame includes a frame header and a payload, the frame header includes a physical synchronization sequence (Psync) field, and the Psync field is used to identify the downstream data frame, where when a value of the Psync field is a first value, the Psync field is further used to indicate that payload data is protected by forward error correction (FEC); or when a value of the Psync field is a second value, the Psync field is further used to indicate that payload data is not protected by FEC; and sending, by the OLT, the downstream data frame. Embodiments of the present invention can reduce a bit error rate of a FEC indication status and improve reliability of the FEC indication status.

Abstract: Uplink leveling systems and methods for a distribution antenna are provided. An uplink leveling system includes at least one communication path between a base station point of interface and a remote antenna unit. A broadband measurement detector is communicatively coupled to measure signal power in the at least one communication path at the base station point of interface. A signal measurement receiver is communicatively coupled to measure signal power in the at least one communication path. A test signal generator is configured to generate a test signal in the at least one communication path in an uplink. At least one controller is configured to level the communication path in the uplink direction based at least in part on measurements by the broadband measurement detector and the signal measurement receiver in response to the generated test signal by the test signal generator.

Abstract: There is provided a configuration that can prevent malfunction in bus communication even when a radio signal transmitted from a transmitter of an apparatus is received with a receiver of the same apparatus. A logic circuit outputs logic 1 to a transmitter in a case where logic 0 is input from a receiver to the logic circuit and a low-level logic signal is input from a processor to the logic circuit. The logic circuit outputs the low-level logic signal to the processor in a case where the logic 1 is input from the receiver and a radio signal received with the receiver is a radio signal transmitted from a communication counterpart. The logic circuit outputs a high-level logic signal to the processor in a case where the logic 1 is input from the receiver and a radio signal received with the receiver is a radio signal transmitted from the transmitter.

Abstract: A test instrument can be coupled to a test point in a passive optical network to measure optical signals transmitted between an optical line terminal and an optical network unit in the optical network. The test instrument can capture an identifier of the ONU from downstream signals sent from the OLT to the ONU.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a first group of splitters receives a group of signals from a group of transmitters. Each splitter in the first group of splitters splits a signal into a plurality of signals that are sent to a plurality of multiplexers. A multiplexer in the plurality of multiplexers receives one of the plurality of signals from each splitter in the group of splitters and multiplexes the received one of the plurality of signals into a multiplexed signal. The multiplexer sends the multiplexed signal through a single connection in which upstream signals are sent to a group of nodes and downstream signals are received from the group of nodes. A de-multiplexer de-multiplexes the multiplexed signal into the group of signals and sends the group of signals to the group of nodes via a second group of splitters that are connected to the group of nodes.

Abstract: A reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer (ROADM) complex in an optical network may include one or more core ROADM devices, each including multiple input/output port pairs configured for respective wavelengths or wavelength bands to be coupled to a fiber distribution panel (FDP) over fiber. The FDP may include multiple FDP connectors to receive optical signals from the core ROADM device(s) and may extract and route optical signals having a single wavelength to respective transponder connectors of the FDP for coupling to a transponder. Multiple expansion options may be enabled at the FDP. For example, according to one option, a single expansion connector may be enabled for coupling to an expansion device to provide additional drop port capacity. In another example, multiple expansion connectors may be enabled for coupling to respective expansion devices.

Abstract: A communications device establishes a communications context for communicating data packets using a packet communications bearer from the communications device via mobile communications network in a connected state and releases communications context when in an idle state. A controller is configured in combination with a receiver to receive signalling information providing an indication of one or more functions performed by at least one of the receiver, a transmitter, or the controller which can be changed in a power saving state, and when in either the idle state or the connected state, to enter the power saving state in which the one or more of the operations performed by at least one of the receiver, the transmitter, or the controller are changed in accordance with the indication of the changed functions received in the signalling information from the mobile communications network.

Abstract: In 5G proposals, functionality of the BBU is disaggregated into a DU and a CU that handle BBU functionality according to different functional splits. A significant amount of cloud infrastructure is envisioned to be needed to implement several of the designated splits. An integrated device (e.g., white box) can integrate the functionality of multiple RRU (or NR in 5G) and the functionality of multiple BBU (or DU/CU splits in 5G). By performing a lightweight routing determination at the integrated device, requisite cloud infrastructure can be significantly reduced.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for determining whether an optical cable matches a port on a switch device. The present disclosure can provide for a switch device which includes a cable identification tool. The cable identification tool can be configured to receive a port configuration table from a management device. The switch device can then obtain features of at least one cable attached to a port of the switch device. The switch device can then compare the obtained features with a table entry in the port configuration table to yield a comparison result. The table entry can correspond to the port to which the at least one cable is attached. Based on the comparison result, the switch device can generate one or more notifications. The notifications can indicate a match status of the at least one cable to the port.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a method for a deparser of a processing pipeline. The method receives, from a set of match-action stages of the pipeline, packet header field (PHF) values for a first set of PHFs of a packet processed by the match-action stages. The method also receives, directly from a parser of the pipeline, (i) packet data for the packet prior to any modification by the match-action stages and (ii) descriptive data that specifies locations within the packet data for a second set of PHFs of the packet that are not included in the first set of PHFs. The method constructs a packet from (i) the PHF values received for the first set of PHFs and (ii) the packet data received for the second set of PHFs. The descriptive data is used to extract packet header field values for the second set of PHFs from the packet data.

Abstract: A method of virtually bonding together at least two physical channels in an optical network terminal (ONT) of a passive optical network (PON) can include receiving, via the ONT, a plurality of frames from a network device, classifying, using a processor of the ONT, the plurality of frames into one of a plurality of services, assigning the service to the at least two physical channels of the ONT, wherein each of the at least two physical channels is associated with a respective laser of the ONT to transmit at a respective wavelength, and transmitting, toward an optical line terminal, the plurality of frames of the service using at least one of the at least two physical channels during an assigned time slot.

Abstract: Disclosed are a visible light communication method and apparatus. It is one object of the present disclosure to provide an apparatus for generating data including a visible light communication device management protocol header to allow only a specific terminal to receive data transmitted by a lighting device using visible light communication, and a method therefor.

Abstract: A method is provided to establish a path in an optical domain to couple first and second IP routing domains for use by a VPN. A network controller (NC) receives an optical path setup command and, in response, determines an optical path ID identifying an optical path. The NC sends a mapping command to a domain controller (DC) associated with the first IP routing domain and receives routing information that includes a VPN label. The NC sends a forwarding command including the routing information to a DC associated with the second IP routing domain, the forwarding command configured to cause a termination point in the second IP routing domain to forward a packet to the optical path when the packet comprises elements of the routing information.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a method for transmitting a service stream in a flexible Ethernet and an apparatus. The method includes: obtaining a to-be-transmitted service stream, where the service stream is to be transmitted by using a target virtual connection supported by a physical connection group between a transmit end and a receive end, the physical connection group includes multiple physical connections and supports at least one virtual connection, and the target virtual connection is any one of the at least one virtual connection; determining, from total bandwidth resources of the multiple physical connections and according to timeslot configuration tables used by the multiple physical connections, a timeslot bandwidth resource that belongs to the target virtual connection; and transmitting the service stream to the receive end by using the timeslot bandwidth resource that belongs to the target virtual connection.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and products bridge wireless data transmissions with power-line communications. Should a failure occur in alternating current power, a backup battery maintains the power-line communications. Direct current battery power is used to power a wireless transceiver, thus maintaining both wireless data transmissions and communication during power failures.

Abstract: Information on allocation of a bandwidth of uplink communication of each user device is extracted from information notified by an upper-level device on the uplink communication of the user devices. Identification information of a lower-level device connected to a terminal device and identification information of the user devices are stored in correlation with each other. A bandwidth demanded for uplink communication of the terminal device is determined on the basis of the information on the allocation of the bandwidth of the uplink communication of each of the user devices and the identification information of the user devices. A start time point of the uplink communication of the terminal device and the amount of information of signals for which transmission of the uplink communication of the terminal device is allowed are allocated to the terminal device on the basis of the bandwidth demanded for the uplink communication of the terminal device.

Abstract: An optical demultiplexer has at least one unit circuit formed by three AMZs having a same arm length difference and cascaded in a tree structure in which two output ports of the 1st AMZ are connected to the 2nd AMZ and the 3rd AMZ, respectively, wherein the unit circuit has first and second monitors connected to the first and second output ports of the 2nd AMZ, and third and fourth monitors connected to the first and second output ports of the 3rd AMZ, a first control circuit controlling the transmissivity of the 1st AMZ so as to increase the monitoring result of the second and fourth monitors, a second control circuit controlling the transmissivity of the 2nd AMZ to decrease the monitoring result of the first monitor, and a third control circuit controlling the transmissivity of the 3rd AMZ to decrease the monitoring result of the third monitor.

Abstract: A method implemented at a transmitter in a passive optical network (PON), the method comprising the transmitter fragmenting a data packet into multiple frames, with each frame of the multiple frames including a data packet preamble, with the data packet preamble including an indicator associated with at least one lane to be used to transmit the data packet and a logical link identifier (LLID), the indicator identifying a first lane selected from a plurality of lanes, identifying at least one frame transmitted over the first lane, and identifying the lane order of the plurality of lanes, and the transmitter transmitting the multiple frames over the plurality of lanes.

Abstract: This spatial division multiplexing (SDM) in power-limited optical communication systems. In general, an SDM optical transmission system may be configured to increase data capacity over the data capacity of a non-SDM optical transmission system while maintaining power consumption at or below that of the existing non-SDM optical transmission system. To realize such an improvement in performance without increasing power consumption, an example SDM optical transmission may be constructed by reducing system bandwidth, reducing and/or altering equipment for filtering, reducing optical amplifier spacing, reducing operational amplifier power consumption, etc. In this manner, increased data transmission performance may be realized even where available power may be strictly limited.

Abstract: A passive optical network (PON) includes a first optical line terminal (OLT), a second OLT, and an optical network unit (ONU). The first OLT sends an equalization delay change message to the ONU, wherein the equalization delay change message includes an equalization delay, an upstream channel ID and a downstream channel ID corresponding to the equalization delay. The ONU receives the equalization delay change message. When the ONU tunes from the first OLT to the second OLT, the ONU obtains the equalization delay for upstream transmission according to the upstream channel ID and the downstream channel ID.

Abstract: A method of network level protection route evaluation and remediation in a network includes defining thresholds for one or more services, wherein the thresholds define how many expected alternate protection routes are available for the one or more services for network level restoration; periodically evaluating a number of available alternate protection routes for the one or more services; notifying a network operator responsive to the number of available alternate protection routes being below the thresholds; and performing one or more remedial actions in the network based on the notifying.

Abstract: Certain embodiments described herein are generally directed to determining efficient update schedules for logical networks based on a graph representing the priority of features supported by the network, and a graph representing the priority of logical entities within the logical network. By building a graph of the logical network using directed edges to represent the update priority of one logical entity over another, an ordering, or a set of possible orderings, may be obtained. A topological sort of the graph may obtain such an ordering. Alternative orderings may indicate opportunities for parallel updating, which may result in a more efficient process for updating the logical network.

Abstract: A method for online switching of an operation mode of an ONT comprises: receiving an OMCI message in an online state by the ONT, wherein the OMCI message carries an indication message for switching the operation mode; and switching the operation mode according to the indication message by the ONT. The above-mentioned method realizes changing of an operation mode of an ONT in real-time in an online state based on the GPON standard, so that the ONT can flexibly operate in a gateway mode or a network bridge mode, and an operator management system only needs to change the operation mode of the ONT through a standard OMCI message according to a local network requirement.

Abstract: An example of high availability for FC or FCoE can include maintaining connection state information in a Fiber Channel over Ethernet (FCoE) Data Forwarder (FDF) or Fiber Channel Data Forwarder (FcDF). A failure of a first FCoE Forwarder (FCF) associated with the FDF can be detected. A second FCF can check a configuration file of the second FCF to see if the second FCF is responsible for the FDF. The second FCF can request the virtual domain ID, of the failed FCF, from a principal switch. The second FCF can be used as a service node for the FDF.

Abstract: A method for measuring transmission delay of an optical transport network (OTN) device and a source OTN device. The method comprises: a source OTN device receives a delay measurement request transmitted by a user, generates a delay request frame, and transmits the delay request frame to a destination OTN device; the source OTN device receives a response frame returned from the destination OTN device, the response frame including a first time information; after receiving the response frame returned from the destination OTN device, the source OTN device obtains the system time T4 at when the response frame is received by the source OTN device; the source OTN device parses the response frame to obtain the first time information, and calculates the transmission delay between the source OTN device and the destination OTN device according to T4 and the first time information.

Abstract: Concepts and technologies are disclosed herein for creating cross-service chains of virtual network functions in a wide area network. A controller can receive a chain request from a requestor. The chain request can specify functionality that is to be included in a service chain. The functionality can include a first function and a second function. The controller can compute a route associated with the service chain. The route can specify a first site that hosts a first service that provides the first function and a second site that hosts a second service that provides the second function. A first virtual network function can be located at the first site and a second virtual network function can be located at the second site. The controller can configure edge devices and forwarding devices to various entities at the two sites to enable the cross-service virtual network function chain.

Abstract: A method and system for packet-optical in-band telemetry (POINT) that may be used in a packet-optical network is disclosed herein. An intermediate POINT device may receive a packet including at least a header and a payload at a packet layer. The POINT device may read intent information from the header, and the intent information may indicate a type of telemetry data to be collected. The POINT device may translate the intent information from the packet layer to generate a device-specific action in an optical layer to the type of telemetry data indicated by the intent. The POINT device may execute the device-specific action in the optical layer to generate a response corresponding to the intent, associate the response with the intent, and encode the response in the packet layer for downstream data forwarding.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer readable media for providing message encode/decode as a service are disclosed. According to one method for providing message encoding or decoding as a service, the method occurs at an encode/decode function (EDF) node. The method includes receiving a message encode or decode operation request containing a message identifier and an operation identifier. The method also includes performing, using the operation identifier, a message encode or decode operation involving accessing or modifying at least one TLV element decoded from a message indicated by the message identifier. The method further includes sending a response indicating whether the message encode or decode operation was successfully performed.

Abstract: A communication system is described in which mobile telephones are able to roam between neighboring home node base stations and in which the home base stations or the home base station gateway devices are arranged to aggregate “Unsuccessfully Transmitted DL Data Volume” determined by previous home base stations served by the gateway device. In this way, when a call is transferred away from the gateway device or is released, a total aggregated value of “Unsuccessfully Transmitted DL Data Volume” can be provided to the core network for billing purposes.

Abstract: In the optical transport system a transport frame generator divides a transport frame accommodating plural client signals into plural transmission signals. Subcarrier transmission units convert the signals into optical signals using different optical carriers and transmit the converted optical signals. Subcarrier reception units receive the transmitted optical signals and convert the optical signals into reception signals. A transport frame termination unit combines the reception signals to restore the transport frame. A time-demultiplexing processor time-demultiplexes the restored transport frame to be separated into the client signals. A time slot control unit determines a new time slot allocation when time-multiplexing the client signals in the transport frame and stops supply of electric power to a subcarrier transmission unit and a subcarrier reception unit that transmit and receive an optical signal to which the client signals are not allocated.

Abstract: A disclosed method for configuring an optical network includes determining that a measure of performance for a first optical path is approaching a safe threshold and designating the first optical path as at risk for performance degradation due to additional traffic. The method also includes, in response to adding a new optical path, calculating a system margin for the first optical path representing a difference between an OSNR delivered on the first optical path and a required OSNR for error-free operation on the first optical path, determining that the system margin is insufficient to meet an applicable performance level, modifying an operating parameter of a transmitter or receiver of the first optical path and refraining from calculating a system margin for a second optical path that is not designated as at risk for performance degradation. The method may be implemented by a network management system of the optical network.

Abstract: An optical communication system includes an optical transmitter, a plurality of optical receivers, and a splitter that splits light transmitted by the optical transmitter to the plurality of optical receivers. The optical transmitter includes a variable-wavelength light source capable of transmitting light of a first wavelength and light of a third wavelength between the first wavelength and a second wavelength. A first optical receiver of the plurality of optical receivers includes a first optical filter having a first transmission band including the first and third wavelengths, and a first receiving unit that receives light having passed through the first optical filter. A second optical receiver of the plurality of optical receivers includes a second optical filter having a second transmission band including the second and third wavelengths, and a second receiving unit that receives light having passed through the second optical filter.

Abstract: A selection and distribution circuit (13) is provided between N optical transceivers (11) and one PON control circuit (12). The selection and distribution circuit (13) selects the optical transceiver (11) corresponding to an upstream frame that time-divisionally arrives, thereby transferring the upstream frame opto-electrically converted by the transceiver (11) to the PON control circuit (12) and distributing a downstream frame from the PON control circuit (12) to each optical transceiver (11). A power supply control circuit (23) stops power supply to at least one of one of optical transceivers (11) that are not used to transfer the frame of the optical transceivers (11) and a circuit that is not used to transfer the frame in the selection and distribution circuit (13). This can reduce the system cost per ONU in the optical transmission system.

Abstract: A method for detecting an optical network unit (ONU) in a passive optical network (PON), an ONU, a PON and an optical line terminal (OLT) are disclosed. In an embodiment the method include detecting an ONU identity code in an open uplink empty window or an empty timeslot, wherein the ONU identity code is a specific code stream sequence of the ONU that identifies a single ONU of the plurality of ONUs included in the PON system during the open uplink empty window or the empty timeslot and determining that the single ONU corresponding to the ONU identity code is a rogue ONU according to the ONU identity code.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention disclose a communication method which includes: receiving, by the optical network unit (ONU) by using the first port or the second port, a wavelength switching request message delivered by the optical line terminal (OLT), where the wavelength switching request message carries second wavelength channel information and port information that is of the second port; switching, by the ONU, an operating wavelength channel of an optical module connected to the second port from a first wavelength channel to a second wavelength channel corresponding to the second wavelength channel information; and sending, by the ONU, a wavelength switching complete message to the OLT by using the first port. According to the communication method provided in embodiments of the present invention, quick wavelength switching is performed based on the second port, so that a service is not interrupted in a wavelength switching process, and user experience is better.

Abstract: Adjacency detection systems and methods configured to detect physical interconnection between two devices in a network include communicating data with one or more controllers and data sources associated with the network; for a given port in the network to detect a corresponding port physically connected thereto, causing orchestration of changes in performance monitoring data for the given port over a period of time; and analyzing the data subsequent to the orchestration to detect the corresponding port. The systems and methods can operate over multiple network layers, with different vendor equipment, independent of network protocols, and in-service.

Abstract: A method for control plane discovery includes a plurality of network elements transmitting an outbound control plane communication to generate path information of a path through the network elements. The transmitting includes receiving, by an intermediate network element of the network elements, the outbound control plane communication on an optical layer ingress port, appending, by the intermediate network element, an intermediate network element identifier of the intermediate network element to the path information in the outbound control plane communication, and transmitting, by the intermediate network element, the outbound control plane communication via an electrical layer egress port based on the intermediate network element comprising a layer changing drop port.

Abstract: Client-side protection systems and methods are implemented by a network element using a fast electrical squelch with a first optical transceiver and a second optical transceiver. A client-side protection method includes detecting a protection switching event affecting one or more lanes associated with the first optical transceiver; causing a fast electrical squelch to the affected one or more lanes of the first optical transceiver to provide a Loss of Signal (LOS) thereto; and subsequent to the LOS to the first electrical transceiver, causing a fast electrical squelch to corresponding one or more lanes of the second optical transceiver to enable the corresponding one or more lanes thereon.

Abstract: This disclosure generally discloses a path search mechanism for determining mutually compatible paths within a network includes nodes and links. The path search mechanism for determining mutually compatible paths may be configured to determine a set of mutually compatible paths for a set of demands where the demands may include requests for paths between pairs of nodes of the network. The path search mechanism for determining mutually compatible paths may be configured to determine a set of mutually compatible paths for a set of demands where compatibility may be based on edge disjointness, node disjointness, or the like, as well as various combinations thereof. The path search mechanism for determining mutually compatible paths may be configured to determine a set of mutually compatible paths for a set of demands subject to an objective.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a method for remotely configuring a Precision Time Protocol PTP service of an Optical Network Unit ONU. The method includes: after an ONU performs an initialization, the ONU creates a PTP management entity; the ONU receives a PTP management entity attribute sent by an OLT and set by the OLT; and the ONU parses the PTP management entity attribute sent by the OLT and sets a corresponding PTP service according to the PTP management entity attribute. The present disclosure further discloses an ONU, an OLT and a system corresponding to the method.

Abstract: An optical communications network has an interconnecting node (100) coupled in between at least one hub node (130) and at least first (140) and second (150) access nodes, to provide working and protection optical paths. The interconnecting node has a working wavelength selective switch (110) to select which working wavelengths are coupled. A corresponding protection wavelength selective switch (120) is also provided for the protection wavelengths. In the event of detection of a fault, protection switching (230) is carried out at the access node and the hub node without altering the selections made by the wavelength selective switches in the interconnecting node. Thus protection schemes across the interconnecting node for more than one access node can be handled. By not needing to alter wavelength selections at the interconnecting node during protection switching operation, the complexity and thus costs can be reduced.

Abstract: A wall-mountable outlet comprising an enclosure and a faceplate mechanically coupled to the enclosure. An optical network terminal (ONT) is provided in the enclosure. In one example embodiment, the ONT comprises an optical-electrical (O-E) data module, and the O-E data module comprises an O-E converter. The O-E data module can further comprise a switch arranged to selectively couple at least one signal with the O-E converter. The O-E data module further can comprise a Passive Optical Network (PON) controller interposed between the O-E converter and the switch.

Abstract: Disclosed are a lighting system and a method for registering a lighting device. The embodiments of the present invention comprise: a lighting device which is provided with a short-range communication module and comprises a plurality of light-emitting units; a lighting registration device which is provided with a short-range communication module and an IR communication module and registers the lighting device on the basis of the light-emitting patterns of the light-emitting units; and a lighting switch which is provided with a short-range communication module, binds with the lighting device by receiving, from the lighting registration device, an ID corresponding to the light-emitting patterns of the light-emitting units, and controls the operation of the lighting device.

Abstract: Systems and methods use a fiber-based network to provide both network access services such as Internet, television, phone, and wide area networking services as well as distributed data processing services. Distributed computing nodes are provided in broadband gateways at homes and other premises in a fiber-based network to realize a distributed data center architecture. In a specific example, a provider deploys a number of broadband gateways in the homes of homeowners who agree to pay for network access (e.g., Internet, phone, television, etc.) that is received over a fiber-based (preferably point-to-point) network at the broadband gateways in the homes. Those broadband gateways also separately provide distributed workload processing. Providing both network access and distributed workload processing makes the deployment and use of the fiber-based network more economically and technically feasible.