Abstract: A protruding road warning device includes a base plate, at least one mounting spike, a cushioned pad and at least one reflector. The base plate has a bottom surface, a top surface and a breakable segment. The bottom surface has multiple fastening recesses, at least one groove and at least one connecting surface. The at least one groove is defined in the bottom surface. The at least one connecting surface corresponds to and is formed respectively inside the at least one groove. The at least one break segment is formed respectively between the at least one groove and the top surface. The at least one mounting spike is connected respectively to the at least one connecting surface on the bottom surface. The cushioned pad is mounted on the top surface of the base plate. The at least one reflector is mounted on the cushioned pad.

Abstract: An energy absorbing system. The energy absorbing system spanning a roadway and including a net spanning the roadway, the net having a first member coupled to a second member, and a mat arranged on the roadway, the mat having recesses to accommodate the net when the net is in a lowered position.

Abstract: A one-way speed bump for controlling both direction and speed of traffic is described. The speed bump has a shallow front face and a steep rear face. Vehicles approaching the front face of the speed bump are allowed to pass over the speed bump at a controlled rate of speed. Vehicles attempting to pass from the wrong direction will engage the steep rear face of the speed bump. This will cause the vehicle to be jolted and possibly damaged. Indicia may be provided on the steep rear face to warn drivers that they are traveling in the wrong direction.

Abstract: A speed bump system and method for a roadway that encourages a driver of a passenger vehicle to slow down and that does not substantially impede an emergency vehicle are described herein. The system includes a structure for disposing across the roadway to encourage the driver of a passenger vehicle to slow down before driving over the structure. In one embodiment, the structure has a raised middle portion, a first raised outer portion proximal to one end of the raised middle portion, and a second raised outer portion proximal to the other end of the raised middle portion. The three raised portions are traversable by the passenger vehicle. The structure further includes a first gap between the first raised outer portion and the raised middle portion, and a second gap between the second raised outer portion and the raised middle portion.

Abstract: A highway marker and vehicle mounted detection system in which the highway marker includes LEDs of different colors that can be selected under different conditions, and non-visible light LEDs for transmitting information to passing vehicles and between highway markers.

Abstract: A metal-capped device in the form of a traffic surface adapter is disclosed, the device being arranged to be positioned on a localised area of a (pedestrian or vehicular) traffic surface 31 for the purpose of adapting (i.e., modifying) the characteristics of the surface. The device in one of its possible forms comprises a tactile marker having a plastics material first portion 20 incorporating a head 21 that is arranged in use to sit on the traffic surface. A depending projection 22 is formed integrally with the head and is arranged in use to locate within a recess 30 in the traffic surface and so retain the device in situ. Two or more spaced-apart apertures 26 are formed in the head, and a metal cap 27 is provided to overfit the head. The metal cap has depending tabs 37 that are shaped and positioned to project through the apertures 26 in the head and to be folded under the head to hold the metal cap captive to the head.

Abstract: Disclosed is a road stud including an indicating part exposed on a road surface, an anchor extended from the indicating part and inserted into an anchor inserting hole of the road surface and at least one pair of anti-rotation wings interposed between the road surface and the indicating part, and intersecting with each other at an inclined angle to the bottom of the indicating part.

Abstract: A novel small quasi-hemispherical truncated-dome modular-dot like device, which can be readily affixed to pavement in a Federally-mandated pattern via a special hole/matrix-stencil;—the resulting demarkations thereby serving to alert the Legally-blind (as well as Guide-dogs, persons in wheelchairs, and otherwise pre-occupied non-handicapped individuals) their pedestrian-pathway is entering into a potentially dangerous transition area typically crossed by a motor-vehicle pathway. The individual so called DW-DOTS™ are resilient circular low-profile devices having an annular-ramp configuration, and thus standing out only sufficiently above a foot-surface as to enable foot-tactile detection, yet not pose the potential tripping hazzard known to embedded-mats. This novel safety-button offers a desired permanent contrasting-color, plus has a definition and rugged permanency not known to poured-dot installations.

Abstract: A catchment net (1), especially for rockfall blocking, includes a net (2) consisting of elements that engage with each other, and whose two longitudinal sides are each moveably held by a holding rope (3, 4) extending between at least two support bodies (7, 8, 9, 10). The two holding ropes (3, 4) are moveably held by the individual support bodies (7, 8, 9, 10) in their longitudinal direction and tensioned at the side. At least one running rope (37, 38, 39, 40; 47, 48, 49, 50) or suchlike extending alongside the support body on each of the holding ropes (3, 4) preferably within the area of the each support body (7, 8, 9, 10) is affixed with one end on one side and with the other end on the other side to the support body (7, 8, 9, 10). The net (2) is moveably held within the support body area by the running ropes (37, 38, 39, 40; 47, 48, 49, 50). The catchment net (1) therefore guarantees an optimal load distribution as well as a more favorable flow of energy through the net.

Abstract: A one-piece safety cleat with a flat base having an upstanding rim surrounding it to form an open shallow cup-structure. The rim has at least one drainage opening. Multiple one-piece safety cleats can be attached to flooring to increase traction on the floor surface.

Abstract: The tire cleaning apparatus provides a vibration-inducing surface for a vehicle passing over the tire cleaning apparatus in order to remove dirt and debris from the tires of the vehicle. The tire cleaning apparatus includes at least one tire-cleaning frame, which is formed from a plurality of upper C-shaped beams, which are secured to a plurality of lower C-shaped beams in a rectilinear grid-shaped pattern. Sidewalls of the upper C-shaped beams, which project upwardly, form the vibration-inducing surface, and channels formed in the upper C-shaped beams allow for the collection of dirt and debris, and also provide for the drainage of water. Similar sidewalls of the lower C-shaped beams engage the ground for secure positioning of the tire-cleaning frame.

Abstract: A method for shaking vehicles comprises driving them over a series of appropriately spaced-apart, mutually parallel bars to vigorously shake the wheels, undercarriage, and body to free them of dirt, gravel and debris. An apparatus may have bars with the appropriate spacing. A track may include a frame and the spaced-apart bars may form part of the frame. The track may be large enough to accommodate all the wheels of a vehicle at once. Alternatively, smaller tracks may be flexibly connected end-to-end to form a shaker that will receive right and left hand wheels of the vehicle on respective rows. The shaker may be deployed onto a bed of aggregate that is sufficiently coarse to allow the fallen dirt to sift or be washed through the bed of aggregate. The aggregate may also assist in holding the shaker in place and may provide ramps at the ends of the shaker.

Abstract: A speed control method and device. A speed bump is optically simulated on a roadway as by painting the roadway to create the appearance of a real speed bump, or an actual speed bump is visually enhanced to appear larger than it actually is. Actual speed bumps can be randomly interspersed among simulated speed bumps along a roadway.

Abstract: A reflective pavement marker is used for delineating roadways, having at least one retro-reflective face, including a plurality of cube-corner reflective elements. The marker may comprise two similar portions agglutinated to each other along a vertical back wall of each marker and along an upper resilient segment, such as a handle bar, having beaded periphery edges, that facilitate agglutinating one marker to another, to form a bi-directional pavement marker. An abrasion-resistant, coating can be provided upon the reflective surfaces of said marker. The marker can be made from abrasion and ultra violet radiation resistant polymers, in either single or dual color segments.

Abstract: Improved multi-sided reflective pavement marker is disclosed having an integrally molded hollow structural body and two retro-reflective lens means for attachments. The lens means integrally includes retro-reflective cube corner elements within cell like areas defined by a periphery wall and multiple of partition walls. The hollow structural body having two tilted multi-angular sides, each with low impact regions and a centralize recessed means being adopted to define a finger grip area, a planar top surface, a sealed base surface including impact absorbing hollow cavities and further including multiple of recessed grooves, said structural body further includes two inclined front and back faces, each face having a recessed area defined by a periphery wall and including multiple of load carrying partition walls toped with wedge shaped energy directors for attaching said retro-reflective lens means.

Abstract: Self-contained solar-powered long-life intelligent illuminated road markers are provided comprising a one-piece housing formed of optionally colored plastic capable of transmitting light. Light is reflected by reflective coating or generated internally by LED which is powered by a long life battery, the charging of which is controlled by electrical circuitry which comprises a peripheral interface controller. The electrical circuitry provides intelligent control for a variety of modes corresponding to diverse driving conditions, and can enter a low-power sleep mode to conserve battery life.

Abstract: A retractable speed bump helps control the speed of a vehicle traveling through a special speed zone such as a school zone or a road construction site. A housing is either buried in the roadway or is placed into a ramp that seats on top of the roadway, the housing having a retractable canister therein, which canister extends above the housing in response to the speed of a vehicle as detected by a speed sensor. The greater the speed of the vehicle, the greater the level of extension of the canister. The canister may have tire shredding spikes or explosive charges therein.

Abstract: A reflective pavement marker having a structural body and at least one retro-reflective face. The pavement marker having angled sides, each having a designated lower impact region, and a slanted finger grip region. The marker further having a base sealing sheet with texture outside surface, the at least one reflective face has an abrasion resistant coating and the marker can be colored in a single or multiple colors. At least two guide pins are received in corresponding guide pin slots, to facilitate joining two marker halves together.

Abstract: An improved driveway gutter having a flexible gutter mat bridging the trough in the gutter for improving driving over driveway gutters. The mat is made of flexible material such as heavy rubber. The mat is placed with its flat bottom bridging the gutter, and fastened down by bolts in recessed holes in the mat. Because the mat is flexible, when a car drives over the mat it is forced down to conform with the gutter, and the top of the mat smoothes out the gutter for the car. When the weight is removed the mat springs back into shape bridging the gutter, so that the passage of water is not impeded. The fastening holes are deep enough that the fasteners do not protrude above the surface of the mat when it is deformed by a tire crossing the mat.

Abstract: A roadway upon which a vehicle travels is provided in which the vehicle is decelerated. The roadway includes: a movable surface extending in a direction of the vehicle's travel; and a potential energy storage mechanism operatively connected to the movable surface for converting a kinetic energy of the vehicle into potential energy upon movement of the movable surface thereby slowing the vehicle. Also provided is a roadway upon which a wheeled vehicle travels in which the vehicle is accelerated. The roadway includes: a movable surface extending in a direction of the vehicle's travel; and a potential energy transfer mechanism operatively connected to the movable surface for transferring a stored potential energy associated with the movable surface into kinetic energy upon movement of the movable surface thereby propelling the vehicle.

Abstract: A surface-mounted pavement marker is provided for secure attachment to a pavement surface by adhesive. The bottom surface of the pavement marker is divided into sectors, and a parallel array of grooves is formed in each sector. The grooves in each array are angularly aligned to the grooves in adjacent arrays. Additionally, each groove extends continuously from its inner end to the outer periphery of the pavement marker.

Abstract: A method for shaking vehicles comprising driving them over a series of appropriately spaced-apart, mutually parallel bars to vigorously shake the wheels, undercarriage, and body to free them of dirt, gravel and debris. The apparatus provides bars with the appropriate spacing secured to a frame that is sized to be manipulated by hand by construction workers. A track comprises a frame and the spaced-apart bars attached to the frame. Tracks are flexibly connected end-to-end to form rows and rows are laid in a spaced-apart, mutually parallel configuration to form a shaker that will receive the vehicle to be shaken. The shaker may be deployed onto a bed of aggregate that is sufficiently coarse and open-graded to allow the fallen dirt to sift or be washed through the bed of aggregate. The aggregate may also assist in holding the shaker in place and may provide ramps at the ends of each row.

Abstract: A speed hump device for discouraging vehicles form exceeding a designed threshold speed is disclosed. The speed hump device mainly comprises: a housing device, whose figure is like a box, having a housing room therein and a opening thereon; a hump device with a hump member and a arc-shaped member pivoted on the housing device by a first pivot, the hump member can be rotated in and out the housing room from the opening about the first pivot; a transmission device including a gear set, a transmitting mechanism and a abutment member, wherein the arc-shaped member is engaged with one gear of the gear set; a rebound device used to push the hump member out the housing device when no extra force presses on the hump member. When a car passing through the speed hump device with a slow speed, e.g.

Abstract: Speed bumps for mounting across roadway lanes to encourage vehicle drivers to slow down are formed of laminated layers of elongated flexible rubber strips secured together to form a speed bump unit. Typical bump heights of three inches are obtained from six laminated half-inch layers. in one embodiment, layers not exceeding five inch widths cut from treads of discarded vehicle tires between opposing shoulders have a propensity to lie flatly upon a road surface, and are pyramided upwardly by a plurality of stepped layers of decreasing widths thus presenting inclined leading and trailing edges for intercepting the tires of oncoming moving vehicles. In another embodiment curved layers of tire tread strips form ingress and egress edges inclined gradually downward from an uppermost crown to the roadway surface for intercepting the oncoming moving vehicle tires.

Abstract: A pavement marker has a base having at least one opening formed therein. A groove is formed in the base substantially adjacent the opening. The pavement marker further includes a cover for covering the opening in the base. The cover is formed with at least one energy directing rib configured for nesting with the groove in the base. The cover is ultrasonically welded to the base so that the energy directing rib melts and integrally fuses to portions of the base adjacent the groove.

Abstract: Composite pavement markings with improved wear resistance and other advantages are disclosed. The composite pavement markings typically include a unitary retroreflective article attached to a base pavement marking. With the composite construction, different portions of the pavement marking are provided at different heights. The taller portions of the pavement marking may preferably offer some protection to the shorter portions from wear caused by vehicle traffic and/or snowplow blades. By combining two different retroreflective pavement markings to form the composite pavement markings of the present invention, a combination of features and properties may be obtained that is provided by neither of the pavement markings alone. Methods of manufacturing composite pavement markings are also disclosed.

Abstract: A pavement marker has a base having at least one opening formed therein. A groove is formed in the base substantially adjacent the opening. The pavement marker further includes a cover for covering the opening in the base. The cover is formed with at least one energy directing rib configured for nesting with the groove in the base. The cover is ultrasonically welded to the base so that the energy directing rib melts and integrally fuses to portions of the base adjacent the groove.

Abstract: A reflective pavement marker can be fabricated utilizing a typically used housing (shell) reinforced by agglutination of a one-piece, monolithically formed, hollowed structural body. The hollowed structural body is having a sealed, textured base surface and an upper, two sides and two face surfaces defined by load carrying partition walls forming multiple hollow cavities. This type of hollowed structural body can effectively replace various structural fill systems or any other multi elements structural body used in fabricating a reflective pavement marker. The hollowed structural body is generally welded or agglutinated directly to the interior of a housing (shell), and to portion of the apexes of the cube corner reflective elements within said reflective faces of a housing. This type of hollow structural body can be formed to fit any single piece housing fabricated with integrally molded retro-reflective faces.

Abstract: A retro-reflective pavement marker includes a body, a base and a plurality of retro-reflective members. The body has two recesses in two opposite sides for the retro-reflective members to fit therein from inside. Stuffing material is filled in a gap between the body and the base after the both are combined together, combining the body, the base and the retro-reflective members together to make up the retro-reflective pavement marker. The retro-reflective pavement marker is kept very stable on a road after a foot or feet of the base are implanted in the ground of a road.

Abstract: A collated array of temporary raised pavement markers (TRPMs), having substantially L-shaped configurations, has the pavement markers disposed in a nested arrangement with portions of a release sheet folded between successive ones of the pavement markers such that when the folded portions of the release sheet are unfolded in conjunction with the dispensing of a leading one of the pavement markers, feather-edge boundary structure defined between the release sheet and the block of adhesive material upon the associated one of the pavement markers is effectively recombined with the primary mass of adhesive material upon the pavement marker such that the feather-edge structure is assimilated into the primary mass of adhesive material in order to readily permit the separation, peeling, and stripping of the release sheet from the pavement marker.

Abstract: A reactive speed hump (2) includes a fluid flow control valve assembly (4). A first valve (18, 20, 21) is naturally open and a second valve (10, 14, 15, 16, 17), naturally closed. Application of fluid pressure on the control valve assembly below a first lower threshold level or above a second higher threshold level allows a flow of fluid from the inlet to the outlet, but an application of fluid pressure on the control valve between said first and second threshold levels allows substantially no fluid to flow between the inlet (7) and the outlet (9).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a removable and replaceable flooring matrix capable of providing various environmental cues for the safety of disabled persons. The flooring matrix may be installed and de-installed in sections, called sectionals, that are securely attached to the ground or an anchor box by two-part fasteners. In operation, one part of the two-part fastener, or ground anchor, engages an anchor box or the ground, while the other part of the two-part fastener, or matrix anchor, engages the flooring matrix sectional. Sectionals are interchangeable in part due to beveled edges, which create discernible pathways at the perimeter of each sectional for providing a pathway for the wheels of wheelchairs and the like. Flooring matrix sectionals may display a variety of detectable warnings or other environmental cues to alert disabled persons of conditions or hazards, or assist in their transgress.

Abstract: A reflective pavement marker includes a shell having a top wall, a side wall extending from an end of the top wall, and reflective end walls extending from an other end of said top wall, wherein the shell forms an interior cavity. The shell is formed from a polyacrylate or a polycarbonate having a tensile strength of more than 9,000 psi and a ratio between tensile strength and flexural modulus of between 0.021-0.050:1. The reflective pavement marker also includes a reflective portion integral with the reflective end wall, a reflective coating covering the reflective portion and a bonding coating covering at least the reflective portion. The reflective pavement marker further includes a filler material within the interior cavity of the shell.

Abstract: A road traffic speed control device which is located in a roadway, is formed of resiliently deformable material and is deflatable by the passage of a vehicle thereover at the intended speed limit of the vehicle in the roadway, in use. The device may be formed from an extruded or compressed partially recyclable rubber compound.

Abstract: A basic tire tread strip product is reclaimed from tire carcasses by cutting away and discarding opposed sidewalls at a position leaving a flat central tread portion exclusive of resiliently biased downwardly extending tread portions at outer edges, thereby to form a product that lies flat on utility surfaces including roofs, floors, roadways and multilayered tread strips forming beams and parking stops. This product ideally serves as a rumble strip for adhering to flat roadway surfaces as a tough, long-wearing structure that encounters vehicle wheels with a distinctive audible warning signal, particularly since it can be removed and reused for example in the winter time to avoid being damaged by snow plows. Also tread strip laminations ideally rest flatly on top of each other to form multi-layered beams of precision widths of the type that may be employed as parking stops for statically intercepting and impeding vehicle wheels in parking lot locations for example.

Abstract: A portable speed bump unit having a plurality of speed bump cells removably and pivotally connected together to form a single PSB unit of variable length. Each speed bump cell comprises a plastic base having a rectangular footprint, a raised top surface, and a cross-sectional profile that is generally trapezoidal or semi-circular in shape. The speed bump cells are interconnected via one or more hinge bars that are pivotally connected together, thereby allowing two adjacent speed bump cells to be folded together such that an entire PSB unit can be rolled up for easy retrieval, portability, and storage purposes and simply unrolled to an extended position for deployment and use. Alternative embodiments of a portable speed bump unit incorporate safety features, e.g.

Abstract: A reactive speed hump (2) includes a fluid flow control valve assembly (4). A first valve (18, 20, 21) is naturally open and a second A valve (10, 14, 15, 16, 17), naturally closed. Application of fluid pressure on the control valve assembly below a first lower threshold level or above a second higher threshold level allows a flow of fluid from the inlet to the outlet, but an application of fluid pressure on the control valve between said first and second threshold levels allows substantially no fluid to flow between the inlet (7) and the outlet (9).

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to improved raised pavement markers having a totally-internal-reflective lens. The disclosure also relates to methods of manufacturing the raised pavement marker. The raised pavement markers described below include a housing connected to a totally-internal-reflective lens. The totally-internal-reflective lens includes a retroreflective element having a smooth surface generally opposite a plurality of cube corner elements. A film is attached to the retroreflective element at the apexes of the cube corner elements to form spaces, i.e., an air gap, between the film and the cubes. The film and retroreflective element cooperate to form the totally-internal-reflective lens. Light entering the retroreflective element through the smooth surface is retroreflected at the cube/air interface. Methods of manufacturing include, for example, forming a shell with the retroreflective element and attaching the film to the apexes of the cube corner elements.

Abstract: A solid reflective pavement marker includes a solid body having a base, a top wall parallel to the base, an end wall extending between the top wall and the base, and a side wall extending between the top wall and the base. The base, top wall, end wall and side wall are integral and formed as one solid piece from a thermoplastic material mixed with a gas liberating material. The solid reflective pavement marker also includes a reflective member fixedly attached to the end wall. The method of making a solid reflective marker includes the steps of melting a thermoplastic material by applying heat and mixing a gas liberating material with the thermoplastic material.

Abstract: The fluid-filled retractable speed bump (Vehicle Restrictor) can be used in a traffic environment in which it is impractical to use a traditional speed bump. When integrated with an appropriate traffic management system, it can be used to impede the position and speed of vehicles for improved traffic management and the prevention of vehicular collisions involving pedestrians, trains, and other vehicles. The invention transfers fluid between a reservoir volume and an active volume to present or withdraw impedance to motor vehicles using a retractable restriction surface. The fluid also distributes the vehicle's loading forces to static structural components rather than mechanical moving parts. Reduced stress within fewer moving components minimizes the frequency and magnitude of maintenance compared to other such retractable devices.

Abstract: A speed control method and device. A speed bump is optically simulated on a roadway as by painting the roadway to create the appearance of a real speed bump, or an actual speed bump is visually enhanced to appear larger than it actually is. Actual speed bumps can be randomly interspersed among simulated speed bumps along a roadway.

Abstract: A road marker base having locators or protrusions which are frangibly connected to the base. The pair of protrusions extend horizontally from the base in opposite directions and transverse to the direction of travel and include a bottom surface for engaging the top surface of the roadway adjacent the recess. The bottom surface defines the height of the reflector support surface relative to the road's top surface. A unidirectional base includes a reflector support surface adjacent one end of the base in the direction of travel capable of receiving and providing visibility of both faces of a standard bidirectional reflector.

Abstract: An automatic speed sensitive speed bump having a base plate, a front plate hingedly connected to the base plate, and a spring that biases the front plate toward a raised position. A speed-sensitive lock mechanism for locking the front plate in the raised position when impacted by a vehicle tire traveling at a speed at or above a predetermined speed. However, when the vehicle is traveling below the predetermined speed, the front plate is not locked in the raised position and collapses to a horizontal position such that the vehicle does not experience a bump.

Abstract: The invention relates mainly to a concrete pavement tile, which produces a clearly recognizable sound when touched with a blind person's cane or a white stick. In practice it appears useful to incorporate sound sources in guide paths for the blind. The invention has solved this problem by providing a pavement tile (1) with an upper plate (3) of metal, which is supported by the tile at its circumference. The plate can be provided with regularly distributed outwardly projecting tears, bumps or ledges (6). Below the plate there is a sound space (2) which can be formed by pressing the plate, upwardly convex, whereas a hollow executed tile gives the same effect.

Abstract: A road marker and method of manufacturing a road marker having a base with a large surface area. The base is molded around a potted road reflector to completely seal the bottom and encapsulate the ends of the reflective member. The reflective member has end extensions with notches formed to interlock with the base member.

Abstract: A road traffic speed control device which is located in a roadway, is formed of resiliently deformable material and is deflatable by the passage of a vehicle thereover at the intended speed limit of said vehicle in said roadway, in use. The device may be formed from an extruded or compressed partially recyclable rubber compound.

Abstract: A process of monolithically forming one-piece reflective pavement marker or delineator, including at least one retro reflective face. The process is based on molding the pavement marker or delineator with means to integrally form cube-corner reflective elements and internal hollow cavity air gaps simultaneously. The pavement marker also provides means to enhance agglutination to the roadway. The open ends of hollow cavities at the marker base can be sealed, thereby maximizing the base area for adhesive wetting parameter.

Abstract: An automatic speed sensitive speed bump having a base plate, a front plate hingedly connected to the base plate, and a spring that biases the front plate toward a raised position. A speed-sensitive lock mechanism for locking the front plate in the raised position when impacted by a vehicle tire traveling at a speed at or above a predetermined speed. However, when the vehicle is traveling below the predetermined speed, the front plate is not locked in the raised position and collapses to a horizontal position such that the vehicle does not experience a bump.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to improved raised pavement markers having a totally-internal-reflective lens. The disclosure also relates to methods of manufacturing the raised pavement marker. The raised pavement markers described below include a housing connected to a totally-internal-reflective lens. The totally-internal-reflective lens includes a retroreflective element having a smooth surface generally opposite a plurality of cube corner elements. A film is attached to the retroreflective element at the apexes of the cube corner elements to form spaces, i.e., an air gap, between the film and the cubes. The film and retroreflective element cooperate to form the totally-internal-reflective lens. Light entering the retroreflective element through the smooth surface is retroreflected at the cube/air interface. Methods of manufacturing include, for example, forming a shell with the retroreflective element and attaching the film to the apexes of the cube corner elements.

Abstract: A portable speed bump, for use in limiting the speed of vehicles that are traveling on a road, is formed from a plurality of elongated speed bump modules. Each module has a cross-section that has at the most, a low slope from the outer edges toward the mid-line and a substantially increased slope proximate the module mid-line, a length of at least two feet, a width of at least one foot, and a height of at least one inch. Each module has an upper surface which has a concave slope region from outer edge to middle section and a convex middle section. Anti-skid elements can extend from the planar lower surface, whereby lateral movement of said speed bump is resisted. The elements can be a plurality of substantially parallel, outwardly angled anti-skid fingers.