Abstract: An aqueous rubberized coal tar emulsion composition especially suitable for coating and sealing bituminous substrates containing asphalt such as asphalt pavement and the like, the coal tar emulsion composition comprising a major portion of commercial coal tar emulsion and water admixed with a small amount of a carboxylated butadiene/styrene/acid copolymer latex having a particular particle size. The emulsion composition may additionally include a fine aggregate filler material such as sand. The coal tar emulsion composition according to the invention is of a thixotropic nature and has the ability to maintain the fine aggregate when added and mixed therein in a homogeneous-like suspension. The emulsion composition when spread on an asphalt surface exhibits a high degree of spreadability and provides a sealing coating that has a long life.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for constructing an ice aggregate structure, such as a road, at all sub-freezing temperatures likely to be encountered at high latitudes, including below -45.degree. F. Initially, ice is mined, crushed and then stripped of substantially all "fines", i.e., ice particles smaller than approximately 0.1 inch. The resulting crushed ice aggregate is then distributed and placed to the desired grade without requiring surface work or compaction. The upper thickness of the crushed ice aggregate is then bonded by spraying heated water thereon during single or multiple passes. Apparatus is provided to prevent evaporative cooling of the spray water prior to its contact with the crushed ice surface, which preferably comprises an enclosure or flexible skirt which extends around the spray nozzles downwardly to the ice aggregate surface.

Abstract: There is disclosed an improved woven geotextile for use immediately under a pavement overlay. It comprises a high bulk entangled yarn interwoven with tape. It has a shrinkage force of less than 100 gm/inch at 300.degree. F. at constant length in both warp and weft directions, most preferably less than 5 gm/inch.

Abstract: A road surfacing (3) which emits reduced rolling noise and a method for the manufacture of such a road surfacing is disclosed. The road surfacing material is relatively soft and incorporates air-permeable, preferably intercommunicating channels or pores. In the manufacture of the surfacing, granulate or chip particles (4) are bound so that channels or pores are formed between the particles.

Abstract: A repair overlay for masonry surfaces includes three layers each containing epoxy resins which contribute to bonding to the adjacent layers. The underlayer is a coating of epoxy adhesive. The layer that overlies the underlayer includes Portland cement and epoxy, acrylic and vinyl polymers and, in some forms, a flexible metal mesh or screen. The overlayer consists of an epoxy paint and, in preferred form, a second thinner layer of cementitious polymer bearing material.

Abstract: Large area concrete structures, such as roadways, parking lots and playing field bases are monolithically cast with integral drainage elements using an especially formulated water-permeable concrete material having strength and durability to conventional concrete. Such structure provide minimal interference with natural water flow patterns, optimal use of available land, and minimal harm to adjacent vegetation.

Abstract: The disclosure embraces a membrane paving construction comprising an asphalt-impregnated body, pelt or mat of fibers, preferably glass fibers, and a method of making same wherein the membrane construction is prefabricated or partially fabricated for use in asphalt paving construction such as paving for highways, bridge decks, driveways, runways, parking lots and the like, as a paving wear surface or for repairing a wear surface or as a membrane construction upon which is superposed a wear surface of asphalt aggregate or the like, the membrane construction being in the form of a rolled-up body or in the form of a thin high density planar board or sheet which may be conveyed in such forms to an installation site and disposed on a substrate in a minimum of time in initial installation of paving or in the repair of asphalt paving.

Abstract: In a stockpile asphalt emulsion composition an improved asphalt phase comprises 50-98% of paving grade asphalt, 1-10% added sulfur, and 1-35% liquid hydrocarbon.

Abstract: There is provided a binder for coating compositions based on a mixture of an unsaturated .beta.-hydroxy ester with copolymerizable monomers. The binder consists essentially of, on a total weight basis,(A) 25 to 60 weight percent of an unsaturated .beta.-hydroxy ester which is produced by reacting an epoxy resin based on bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin with a molecular weight between 800 and 3000 and an epoxide equivalent weight between 400 and 2500 with a mixture of(a) 74 to 64 mole percent of methacrylic acid and/or acrylic acid and(b) 26 to 36 mole percent of at least one saturated monocarboxylic acid having 8 to 20 carbon atoms or a mixture of at least one saturated monocarboxylic acid having 8 to 20 carbon atoms with up to 20 mole percent of an unsaturated monocarboxylic acid having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, and(B) 75 to 40 weight percent of a mixture based on the weight of component (B) of(a) 70 to 95 weight percent methyl methacrylate,(b) 30 to 5 weight percent of at least one monomer of the formula CH.sub.

Abstract: Residue from dressing bauxite is mixed with NaCl and ground; polyurethane foam is ground and mixed with CaCl.sub.2 ; a silicon organic compound and quartz powder is added to one or both of the ground mixtures; the grains are embedded in bituminous material or asphalt to be used for making a surface road, being protected against frost by these salts. Specific examples and method steps are described.

Abstract: A reflective heat transfer combination and the method of making same whereby a tacky mixture of tack wax and mineral spirits defines a carrier layer applied over a paper substrate capable of absorbing the carrier layer when melted in response to heat and disposing a layer of glass beads over the carrier layer and forcing the glass beads into the carrier layer and against the paper substrate while allowing portions of the beads to be exposed above the carrier layer. A liquid binder layer of acrylic plastic is disposed around the beads and over the carrier layer while leaving portions of the beads exposed and is dried to retain the beads in position. Thereafter a liquid reflective coat of acrylic plastic is applied over the binder layer and covering the beads to provide a reflective background for reflecting light back through the beads. While the reflective coat is liquid and before being dried, a powdered adhesive is disposed over the reflective coat and thereafter the reflective coat is dried.

Abstract: A mix design method for determining the gradation of coarse and fine aggregates to be combined to achieve a predetermined percentage of air void volume and voids in mineral aggregates for a given quantity of asphalt cement. The method uses a volumetric value known as the Riguez Index which is derived from a compacted representative sample of fine aggregates to be used in the mixing plant. Volumes of graded aggregate composites are calculated at various gradation values below the bulking point and compared with the Riguez Index thereby providing the basis for graphically selecting a particular gradation wherein an aggregate mixture of said particular gradation contains, when compacted, the desired predetermined void volumes. Coarse aggregates and fine aggregates are demarcated by the No. 4 screen.

Abstract: In a road surface and a process for making same, a top layer of reflex reflective concrete in slab or cylindrical form is made of a mixture of white Portland cement, particulate white quartz filler material, colorless crystal balls and titanium dioxide pigment. The quartz filler is a trigonal trapezohedrical .beta.-quartz powder having a refractive index of 1.55 and a particle size less than the glass ball diameters, the latter being from 0.2 to 0.6 mm. The glass balls constitute from 50 to 70% of the mixture and are arranged within the top layer of concrete in successive layers with those balls closest to the impact surface of the top layer being half exposed to intercept light from car headlamps.

Abstract: In a stockpile asphalt emulsion composition an improved asphalt phase comprises 40-70% of paving grade asphalt, 10-50% sulfur, and 5-30% liquid hydrocarbon.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are carbon black-containing asphalt compositions having improved properties of resistance to thermal and actinic oxidation.

Abstract: Means for controlling the moisture content and ultimate freeze-thaw cycle parameters of a paved roadbed including, a combination of electrolytic means together with the conventional roadbed, the electrolytic means being utilized to control the moisture migration through the soil in and around the roadbed. The system comprises a combination of a roadbed having a centrally disposed paved zone flanked by lateral shoulder zones, and electrolytic means along the shoulder zone slopes for controlling the moisture migration through the surrounding soil. The electrolytic means includes a plurality of spaced electrodes, including a plurality of anodes and a plurality of cathodes arranged in spaced-apart but electrolytically coupled relationship along the lateral shoulder zone slopes. The anode means includes crushed rock high in certain metallic oxides, with the oxides selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide such as, for example, crushed dolomitic limestone or basalt.

Abstract: A portland-cement stabilized soil base for a roadway is covered with an elastic rubber-asphalt layer and thereafter with a surfacing layer. The elastic layer may be formed by reacting 1 to 30% by weight of asphalt with 99-70% by weight of rubber and be applied hot as by spraying; and the surfacing layer will ordinarily be asphalt concrete composed of asphalt binding aggregate particle such as coarse stone, together. Preferably the elastic layer covered with a layer to prevent bonding of the elastic layer with an overlying asphalt concrete layer. Such bonding-preventing layer may be finely crushed stone, roofing paper, non-woven fabric, or plastic film, or the like.

Abstract: There are provided improved asphalt cements and bituminous paving compositions containing certain reinforcing filler compositions which impart desirable properties thereto. The filler compositions of the invention are asphalt-dispersible pellets comprising certain carbon blacks which have been treated with certain non-volatile petroleum oils.

Abstract: A roadway barrier structure is prepared by laying a porous fabric upon a base course, bonding a barrier structure upon a portion of the porous fabric that rests upon the base course, and placing at least a portion of a traffic-bearing course upon a portion of the porous fabric that rests upon the base course and extends beyond the barrier structure.

Abstract: A building or road construction material, and method for its formation, which comprises (1) mineral components such as sand, gravel, diminuted glass, etc., (2) polymeric components such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, etc., and (3) a hydrocarbon-containing component such as tar pitch, bituminous products, petroleum coke, etc. According to the method of the invention the mineral component is first heated to a temperature of at least 180.degree. C and then mixed with the polymeric component in diminutive form, and then to this resulting mixture is added the hydrocarbon component. The final mixture is then allowed to cool to form the desired product.

Abstract: A device that is placed under the driveway surface and used in conjunction with a motor vehicle exhaust system to maintain an ice free driveway.

Abstract: A method is provided for stabilizing an open graded course of asphalt-concrete against lateral displacement under a moving load. The method which is suitable for use during construction of the asphalt-concrete course or on courses already completed is carried out by causing particulate matter of suitable size to be passed into the interstices of the asphalt-concrete course and then consolidating this particulate matter within the interstices using an emulsion of a thermoplastic elastomer, a resinous material and a polar solvent which upon curing forms a stabilized course.

Abstract: A building or road construction material, and method for its formation, which comprises (1) mineral components such as sand, gravel, diminuted glass, etc., (2) polymeric components such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, etc., and (3) hydrocarbon-containing component such as tar pitch, bituminous products, petroleum coke, etc. combined in a special proportion to produce materials with improved properties such as a particularly large Marshall stability, a large compression strength and an excellent fluting, tracking and crack resistance. According to the method, the mineral component is first heated to a temperature of at least 180.degree.

Abstract: A heating system includes fluid ducts at the surface of a road and heating fluid for deicing the road surface when circulated through the ducts. A pump device for circulating the heating fluid through the fluid ducts to deice the road surface comprises a fluid pump housed beneath the surface of the road and coupled to the fluid ducts. The fluid pump has a piston and an actuator plate coupled to the piston. The actuator is pivotally mounted at the surface of the road in a manner whereby the weight of a vehicle passing over the actuator plate operates the pump device to circulate the heating fluid through the fluid ducts.

Abstract: A formable matrix used as structural material and having an admixture of reinforcing non-metallic meltable fibers. The fibers have enlarged knob-like ends serving as anchors to enhance the bonding action between the fiber and the matrix. The admixture reduces freeze-thaw losses and improves flexural strength of the matrix. Several methods of forming the fiber end knobs are disclosed.

Abstract: Architectural or decorative pavement having thin decorative pavers or "tiles" made of or selected from known materials, from metal and impregnated wood to natural stone to clay or cementitious tiles, are bonded to the upper surface of a sand and cement (and latex, if desired) setting bed before the bed takes its initial set. "Thin" pavers are less than 1/4 inches thick. Stronger materials in these pavers lend themselves to minimum thickness in small to medium sizes. Thin pavers of weaker materials require maximum thickness in large to medium sizes.The pavers are placed in rows and designs as may be pleasing with adjacent side edges spaced apart and forming gaps all around the perimeter of each paver.While the bed and bond are both green, vertical cuts are made through and below the gaps and through the bond coat and appreciably into the setting bed all around the whole perimeter of each paver. The setting beds are supported on appropriate bases or other supporting means.

Abstract: When cast sulfur-asphalt compositions, e.g., sulfur-asphalt-aggregate pavements and construction articles, are being prepared by mixing and/or heating mixtures comprising sulfur and asphalt at elevated temperatures not exceeding 175.degree.C, the evolution of hydrogen sulfide is substantially reduced by carrying out the mixing and/or heating step in the presence of a hydrogen sulfide suppressant selected from the class consisting of free radical inhibitors and redox (oxidation-reduction) catalysts.

Abstract: There are provided improved asphalt cements and bituminous paving compositions containing certain reinforcing filler compositions which impart desirable properties thereto. The filler compositions of the invention comprises certain carbon blacks which have been treated with certain non-volatile petroleum oils.

Abstract: The load bearing capacities of carriageways or pavements of both flexible and rigid design are increased and failure thereof is, to a large degree, obviated by incorporating therein a sub-surface or surface layer of alkali-resistant glass fibre-reinforced cement.