Abstract: Steel which is particularly useful for making a razor blade of high corrosion resistance contains more than 0.45%, but less than 0.55%, of carbon, 0.4 to 1.0% of silicon, 0.5 to 1.0% of manganese, 12 to 14% of chromium and 1.0 to 1.6% of molybdenum all by weight, in addition to iron and inevitable impurities, and has a carbide density of 100 to 150 particles per 100 square microns as annealed. The razor blade has a Vickers hardness of at least 620 and a carbide density of 10 to 45 particles per 100 square microns, and preferably has a specific distribution of residual austenite content. The improved properties of the razor blade are achieved by an improved process of heat treatment which includes austenitizing the steel at a temperature of 1075.degree. C. to 1120.degree. C., cooling it to a temperature between -60.degree. C. and -80.degree. C. for hardening it, and tempering it at a temperature of 250.degree. C. to 400.degree. C.

Abstract: A soft magnetic alloy having a composition of general formula:(Fe.sub.1-a Ni.sub.a).sub.100-x-y-z-p-q Cu.sub.x Si.sub.y B.sub.z Cr.sub.p M.sup.1.sub.q (I)wherein M.sup.1 is V or Mn or a mixture of V and Mn, 0.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.0.5, 0.1.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.5, 6.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.20, 6.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.20, 15.ltoreq.y+z.ltoreq.30, 0.5.ltoreq.p.ltoreq.10, and 0.5.ltoreq.q.ltoreq.10 and possessing a fine crystalline phase is suitable as a core, especially a wound core and a compressed powder core.

Abstract: An element is disclosed for filtering and/or purifying hot gases, comprising a fibrous structure with a predetermined degree of porosity and formed of metal alloy fibrils of the MCrAlX type, in which M is a matrix chosen from iron and/or nickel and/or cobalt, and X is an element reinforcing the adhesion of the oxide layer which is formed on the fibrils in contact with the hot gases, chosen from zirconium, yttrium, cerium, lanthanum and misch metal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a container package for a semiconductor element, which comprises a vessel having in the interior thereof a space for containing a semiconductor element, which comprises an insulating substrate and a lid member, an external lead terminal for connecting the semiconductor element contained in the vessel to an electric circuit and a sealing agent for sealing the vessel and external lead terminal, wherein the external lead terminal is composed of an electroconductive material having a permeability lower than 210 (CGS) and a thermal expansion coefficient of from 9.times.10.sup.-6 to 12.times.10.sup.-6 /.degree.C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ferritic-martensitic Mn-Cr-Ni-N-steel in which the austenite phase is transformed into martensite at cold deformation so that the steel obtains high strength with maintained good ductility. The distinguishing feature is an alloy analysis comprising max 0.1% C, 0.1-1.5% Si, max 5.0% Mn, 17-22% Cr, 2.0-5.0% Ni, max 2.0% Mo, max 0.2% N, balance Fe and normal amounts of impurities whereby the ferrite content is 5-45% and austenite stability, S.sub.m, expressed as S.sub.m =462 (% C+% N)+9.2% Si+8.1% Mn+13.7% Cr+34% Ni shall fulfill the condition 475<S.sub.m <600.

Abstract: A needle alloy wherein the nickel content is between 6.3% and 9.5%, the chromium content is between 11.5% and 12.5% and the molydenum content is between 3% and 4%. In addition, tantalum and titanium should be present at a combined level of no more than 2.1%. Favorable results from this alloy cause needles to have a greater than 400,000 psi ultimate tensile strength.

Abstract: A steel having good wear resistance which contains 0.55-1.10% of C, up to 2.0% of Si, up to 2.0% of Mn, 12.0-25.0% of Cr and particularly suitable as a material for piston rings or rocker arms. Further addition of 0.05-1.10% of Al to the above steel gives a steel improved in properties for spheroidization of carbides and uniformization of carbide particle size, leading to further enhancement of wear resistance. If required 0.20-2.0% of Ni may be added to the steels, whereby corrosion resistance, toughness and hardenability are improved. An addition of at least one of 0.2-3.0% of Mo, 0.1-1.5% of V and 0.05-0.70% of Nb to the steels improves high-temperature strength and surface hardness. The steel is surface treated by gas nitriding of the like in a surface area for sliding contact with an opponent member.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a chromium-bearing pig iron comprises the steps of charging cold bond pellets, iron ore and coke lumps into a blast furnace from above and blowing a gas containing more than 50% oxygen therein and tuyere nose flame temperature control agent into the blast furnace through the tuyere, the cold bond pellets being comprised of powdered chromium ore and powdered coke as principal feed materials. The cold bond pellets are manufactured by performing a mixing, a pelletizing and a curing step. The tuyere nose flame temperature control agent is a top gas, steam, water or CO.sub.2, which is used to control the flame temperature to 2000.degree. to 2900.degree. C.

Abstract: A steel having good wear resistance which contains 0.55-1.10% of C, up to 2.0% of Si, up to 2.0% of Mn, 12.0-25.0% of Cr and particularly suitable as a material for piston rings or rocker arms. Further addition of 0.05-1.10% of Al to the above steel gives a steel improved in properties for spheroidization of carbides and uniformization of carbide particle size, leading to further enhancement of wear resistance. If required 0.20-2.0% of Ni may be added to the steels, whereby corrosion resistance, toughness and hardenability are improved. An addition of at least one of 0.2-3.0% of Mo, 0.1-1.5% of V and 0.05-0.70% of Nb to the steels improves high-temperature strength and surface hardness. The steel is surface treated by gas nitriding of the like in a surface area for sliding contact with an opponent member.

Abstract: A dispersion strengthened ferritic steel cladding tube for use in a nuclear reactor and having a double-layer structure is provided. The cladding tube comprises a tube body made of a dispersion strengthened ferritic steel having a ceramic dispersed therein and containing 8 to 13% by weight of chromium. The inner surface of the tube body is lined with a ferritic steel containing 18 to 30% by weight of chromium. The cladding tube has not only excellent compatibility with a mixed oxide fuel but also excellent high temperature strength and swelling resistance.A method of producing the cladding tube using powder metallurgy is also provided.

Abstract: Martensitic stainless steel sheet containing (in % by weight) 0.40% or less of C, 1.0% or less of Si, 1.0% or less of Mn, 0.6% or less of Ni, 10-14% of Cr. 0.025-0.30% of Al, and 0.025-0.060% of N, with the balance being iron and incidental impurities, has improved oxidation resistance, workability, and corrosion resistance. This type of stainless steel sheet is produced by a series of steps of hot rolling steel material of the above composition into a hot-rolled steel sheet, then softening by heating at a temperature in the range of 650.degree.-900.degree. C. for a short time within 300 seconds, and thereafter conducting pickling, cold rolling, and finish annealing. Moreover, in the above martensitic stainless steel sheet and the method of producing the same, it is desirable to set the Al content at 0.05-0.20% and/or the N content at 0.03-0.05%.

Abstract: An iron-based shape-memory alloy excellent in a shape-memory property, a corrosion resistance and a high-temperature oxidation resistance, consisting essentially of:chromium: from 5.0 to 20.0 wt. %,silicon: from 2.0 to 8.0 wt. %,at least one element selected from the group consisting of:manganese: from 0.1 to 14.8 wt. %,nickel: from 0.1 to 20.0 wt. %,cobalt: from 0.1 to 30.0 wt. %,copper: from 0.1 to 3.0 wt. %, andnitrogen: from 0.001 to 0.400 wt. %,whereNi+0.5 Mn+0.4 Co+0.06 Cu+0.002 N.gtoreq.0.67 (Cr+1.2 Si)-3,and the balance being iron and incidental impurities.

Abstract: An iron-based shape-memory alloy excellent in a shape-memory property and a corrosion resistance, consisting essentially of:______________________________________ chromium: from 0.1 to 5.0 wt. %, silicon: from 2.0 to 8.0 wt. %, manganese: from 1.0 to 14.8 wt. %, at least one element selected from the group consisting of: nickel: from 0.1 to 20.0 wt. %, cobalt: from 0.1 to 30.0 wt. %, copper: from 0.1 to 3.0 wt. %, and nitrogen: from 0.001 to 0.400 wt. %, where, Ni + 0.5 Mn + 0.4 Co + 0.06 Cu + 0.002 N .gtoreq. 0.67 (Cr + 1.2 Si), and the balance being iron and incidental impurities.

Abstract: A hot-dip aluminium coated steel sheet having excellent corrosion resistance and heat resistance, comprising a steel substrate containing 3 to 18% chromium, not more than 0.02% carbon, 0.1 to 1.5% manganese, 0.005 to 0.08% aluminium, not more than 0.1% silicon, with the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities, and aluminium coating on said sheet substrate. The coated sheet may further comprises a coating layer of nickel or nickel-iron alloy (Ni: 1 to 99%) beneath the aluminium coating, or an Al-Fe-Si-Ni-Cr alloy coating layer of 1 to 10.mu. in thickness and containing 0.05 to 5% nickel, 0.2 to 10% chromium, beneath the aluminium coating.

Abstract: An iron/copper/chromium alloy material for a high-strength lead frame or pin grid array, which comprises 20 to 90% by weight of Cu and 2.5 to 12% by weight of Cr, with the balance being mainly iron, and which has an average grain size number of at least 10 in each of the iron/chromium phase and the copper phase, is prepared by continuous casting, cold-working, and aging.

Abstract: A compound roll for rollng composed of a shell made of high-chromium cast iron and a core made of cast or forged steel. The shell has a large residual compressive stress. The high-chromium cast iron shell has a composition by weight of 2.0-3.5% C, 0.5-1.5% Si, 0.4-1.5% Mn, 8-25% Cr, 0.5-3.0% Mo, 1.5% or less Ni and the balance being essentially Fe for hot rolling, and 2.5-3.5% C, 0.5-1.5% Si, 0.4-1.5% Mn, 0.5-3.0% Ni, 8-25% Cr, 1.0-5.0% Mo and the balance being essentially Fe for cold rolling. The shell's Shore hardness is 70 or more for hot rolling and 90 or more for cold rolling, and the core's tensile strength and elongation are 55 kg/mm.sup.2 or more and 1.0% or more, respectively. The residual compressive stress of the shell is 20 kg/mm.sup.2 or more and serves to prevent cracks from penetrating into the depths of the shell, thereby preventing spalling effectively. This compound roll can be manufactured by a shell casting method.

Abstract: Disclosed is a structural austenitic stainless steel with superior proof stress and toughness at cryogenic temperatures. The steel has a composition essentially consisting of, by weight, not greater than 0.05% of carbon, 0.20 to 0.70% of nitrogen, not greater than 1.0% of silicon, not greater than 25% of manganese, 13 to 35% of chromium, 5 to 25% of nickel and the balance substantially iron. The chromium content and manganese content is selected to meet the condition of (Cr+0.9 Mn).gtoreq.20%. The index of cleanliness showing the amount of nonmetallic inclusions is not greater than 0.1%.

Abstract: A matrix for magnetic separators which comprises wire or ribbon of a crystalline magnetic alloy having a fine-grained structure and a supersaturated solid solution structure.

Abstract: A ferritic alloy steel having good formability, cyclic oxidation resistance and creep strength at elevated temperatures above 1000.degree. F. and particularly above about 1500.degree. F. (816.degree. C.) after a final anneal at 1850.degree. to 2050.degree. F. (1010.degree. to 1120.degree. C.), comprising 0.05% maximum carbon, about 2% maximum manganese, greater than 1.0% to 2.25% silicon, less than 0.5% aluminum, with silicon being at least 3 times the aluminum content, about 6% to about 25% chromium, up to about 5% molybdenum, with the sum of chromium and molybdenum being at least 8%, 0.05% maximum nitrogen, at least one of titanium, zirconium and tantalum, with said titanium, zirconium and tantalum being present in an amount at least equal to the stoichiometric equivalent of the present carbon plus the percent nitrogen, at least 0.1% uncombined columbium, and balance essentially iron.

Abstract: A process for the production of ferrochromium from iron-containing chromium ores, in which the reduction of the ore, which is mixed with coal and slag-forming constituents, is conducted in a rotary kiln at 1480.degree. to 1580.degree. C. in the presence of a CO-containing atmosphere from 20 to 240 minutes, and in which melting follows in a melting furnace at 1600.degree. to 1700.degree. C. By this process, the greatest part of the gangue of the ore can be separated off before melting the reduced ore.

Abstract: There is provided a crucible for containing salt baths for the boriding of steels which has a high service life made of a steel which consists of (or consists essentially of) 0.05-0.8% carbon, 0.8-2.5% silicon, 0.1-2.0% manganese, 0-1.5% aluminum, 6-30% chromium, 4-39% nickel and the balance iron.

Abstract: A method of producing a weld overlay on a ferrous base metal surface, by applying to the surface by electric arc welding a plurality of layers of an austenitic stainless steel filler of specific composition, and providing a flux which produces a substantially fully austenitic overlay at least in the uppermost layer. The overlay has improved machinability, metal-to-metal wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and the capability of work hardening.

Abstract: Manganese-iron base and manganese-chromium-iron base austenitic alloys designed to have resistance to neutron irradiation induced swelling and low activation have the following compositions (in weight percent): 20 to 40 Mn; up to about 15 Cr; about 0.4 to about 3.0 Si; an austenite stabilizing element selected from C and N, alone or in combination with each other, and in an amount effective to substantially stabilize the austenite phase, but less than about 0.7 C, and less than about 0.3 N; up to about 2.5 V; up to about 0.1 P; up to about 0.01 B; up to about 3.0 Al; up to about 0.5 Ni; up to about 2.0 W; up to about 1.0 Ti; up to about 1.0 Ta; and with the remainder of the alloy being essentially iron.