Plural Chemical Reaction Stages Patents (Class 422/170)
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Patent number: 8088348Abstract: An air pollution control system for a coal combustion boiler includes: a NOx removing apparatus that reduces nitrogen oxide contained in flue gas emitted from this coal combustion boiler, an air pre-heater that recovers heat in the gas, a precipitator 15 that reduces particulates from the gas, a liquid-gas contact type desulfurizer that removes sulfur oxide by way of a limestone-gypsum method and reduces mercury oxide in the gas, a stack that releases the gas after SOx removal to the exterior, and a solid-liquid separator that extracts limestone-gypsum containing slurry from the desulfurizer to the exterior and performs a solid-liquid separation, where water separated in the solid-liquid separator is removed, and concentrated slurry is sent back to the bottom of the desulfurizer to make the gypsum concentration of slurry equal to or higher than 10 percent in the desulfurizer.Type: GrantFiled: January 20, 2009Date of Patent: January 3, 2012Assignee: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Nobuyuki Ukai, Shintaro Honjo, Susumu Okino
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Patent number: 8083839Abstract: A system includes a particulate matter (PM) filter including an upstream end for receiving exhaust gas and a downstream end. A radiant zoned heater includes N zones, where N is an integer greater than one, wherein each of the N zones includes M sub-zones, where M is an integer greater than or equal to one. A control module selectively activates at least a selected one of the N zones to initiate regeneration in downstream portions of the PM filter from the one of the N zones, restricts exhaust gas flow in a portion of the PM filter that corresponds to the selected one of the N zones, and deactivates non-selected ones of the N zones.Type: GrantFiled: December 26, 2007Date of Patent: December 27, 2011Inventors: Eugene V. Gonze, Michael J. Paratore, Jr.
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Patent number: 8071060Abstract: A flue gas control system of a coal combustion boiler comprises an HCl atomizer that sprays hydrogen chloride to flue gas from a coal combustion boiler that uses coal as a fuel; NOx removing apparatus that removes nitrogen oxides by ammonia denitration by adding ammonia to the flue gas after spraying hydrogen chloride and oxidizes mercury; an air preheater that recovers heat in the gas after removal of nitrogen oxides; a precipitator that removes particulates in the gas; an activated carbon atomizer that sprays activated carbon into the gas after particulate collection; a bag filter that collects activated carbon having adsorbed mercury; a desulfurizer that removes sulfur oxides in the flue gas after removal of activated carbon; a stack that discharges the gas which has undergone desulfurization to outside; and an ORP meter that measures an oxidation reduction potential for feeding air to a slurry absorbent in the desulfurizer.Type: GrantFiled: January 20, 2009Date of Patent: December 6, 2011Assignee: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Nobuyuki Ukai, Shintaro Honjo, Susumu Okino
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Publication number: 20110288184Abstract: The invention relates to a so-called zero emission ‘AST-CNR/ITM system’ modular plant for removal of pollutants from flue gases produced by industrial processes. The plant comprises prefabricated modular elements with programmed and automatic operation, easy to mount and assemble on site without undergoing expensive plant stoppage. Each module or ‘reaction tower’ comprises a plurality of sections vertically arranged on top of one another, which carry out the following functions: Removal of particulate matter with treatment and removal of chemical pollutants, such as heavy metals, chlorides, fluorides Treatment and removal of SOx Treatment and removal of NOx Capture of CO2 Production of hydrogen Production of methanol The various sections may be combined according to the requirements of the plant and of the flue gases to be treated.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 20, 2008Publication date: November 24, 2011Applicants: CONSIGLIO NAZIONALE DELLE RICERCHE, AST ENGINEERING S.R.L.Inventors: Tommaso Nardo, Antonio Maria Nardo, Angelo Basile, Fausto Gallucci
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Patent number: 8058205Abstract: An NOx purification system having NOx occlusion reduction-type catalysts including an occlusion material and a metal catalyst, which occludes NOx in a lean state in terms of a fuel-air ratio of an exhaust gas and releases the occluded NOx in a rich state. A high-temperature type catalyst is placed on the upstream side, and a low-temperature type catalyst is disposed on the downstream side in series with the high-temperature type catalyst. The molar ratio of platinum to rhodium supported on the high-temperature type catalyst is within a range of 2:1 to 1:2. This NOx purification system is capable of a wide NOx activation temperature window.Type: GrantFiled: November 10, 2005Date of Patent: November 15, 2011Assignee: Isuzu Motors LimitedInventors: Daiji Nagaoka, Masashi Gabe
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Publication number: 20110262331Abstract: An air pollution control system 10A according to the present invention includes: a boiler 11 that burns fuel; NOx removal equipment 12 that decomposes nitrogen oxides in flue gas 25 discharged from the boiler 11; a desulfurizer 15 that causes sulfur oxides in the flue gas 25 having passed through the NOx removal equipment 12 to be absorbed by an absorbent, thereby reducing sulfur oxides in the flue gas 25, a waste-water treatment device 16 including a solid-liquid separating unit 31 that separates desulfurized waste water 28 discharged from the desulfurizer 15 into a solid fraction and a liquid fraction, and a mercury removing unit 32 that removes mercury in the desulfurized waste water 28; and a treated waste-water returning unit (a makeup water line) 17 that returns at least a part of treated waste water 40 treated by the waste-water treatment device 16 to the desulfurizer 15.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 25, 2010Publication date: October 27, 2011Applicant: MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.Inventors: Nobuyuki Ukai, Moritoshi Murakami, Susumu Okino, Tatsuto Nagayasu, Seiji Kagawa
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Publication number: 20110262334Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for reducing NOx emissions from a gas stream produced by a production source. The method may comprise oxidizing a substantial portion of NO gas present in the gas stream by contacting the gas stream with an oxidation catalyst to yield higher order NxOy molecules; and thereafter removing higher order NxOy molecules from the gas stream by solvent absorption or reaction. The system may comprise a gas production source configured to produce a gas stream comprising NOx; an oxidation catalyst positioned downstream of the gas production source, wherein the oxidation catalyst is configured to oxidize NO gas molecules in the gas stream to yield higher order NxOy molecules; and a removal device positioned downstream of the oxidation catalyst configured to remove higher order NxOy molecules from the gas stream by solvent absorption or reaction.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 23, 2010Publication date: October 27, 2011Applicant: GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANYInventors: Gilbert Otto Kraemer, Gregory Allen Boardman
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Patent number: 8043572Abstract: A rolling regeneration diesel particulate filter and filtering process that utilizes NO produced in the process to generate additional amounts of NO2 than the NO2 produced by the diesel engine. The process includes the step of flowing diesel engine combustion exhaust through a filter system including a first section and a second section. The first section is positioned upstream of the second section with respect to the direction of the flow of the diesel engine exhaust through the filter. The first section includes a foam constructed and arranged to trap carbon-based particulates in the exhaust. A first catalyst is carried by the foam to promote the conversion of NO in the exhaust from the diesel engine to NO2. The first catalyst also promotes the reaction of NO2 with at least a portion of the carbon-based particulates trapped by the foam to form CO and NO.Type: GrantFiled: February 26, 2004Date of Patent: October 25, 2011Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLCInventor: Shi-Wai S. Cheng
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Publication number: 20110250127Abstract: A method of converting nitrogen oxides in a gas to nitrogen by contacting the nitrogen oxides with a nitrogenous reducing agent in the presence of a zeolite catalyst containing at least one transition metal, wherein the zeolite is a small pore zeolite containing a maximum ring size of eight tetrahedral atoms, wherein the at least one transition metal is selected from the group consisting of Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ce, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, In, Sn, Re, Ir and Pt.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 20, 2011Publication date: October 13, 2011Applicant: JOHNSON MATTHEY PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANYInventors: Joseph Michael Fedeyko, Rodney Kok Shin Foo, Paul Joseph Andersen, Jillian Elaine Gollier, John Leonello Casci, Hai-Ying Chen, Raj Rao Rajaram
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Patent number: 8029582Abstract: An assembly includes a particulate matter (PM) filter that comprises an upstream end for receiving exhaust gas, a downstream end and multiple zones. An absorbing layer absorbs microwave energy in one of N frequency ranges and is arranged with the upstream end. N is an integer. A frequency selective filter has M frequency selective segments and receives microwave energy in the N frequency ranges. M is an integer. One of the M frequency selective segments permits passage of the microwave energy in one of the N frequency ranges and does not permit passage of microwave energy in the other of the N frequency ranges.Type: GrantFiled: August 14, 2008Date of Patent: October 4, 2011Inventors: Eugene V. Gonze, Michael J. Paratore, Jr., Kevin W. Kirby, Amanda Phelps, Daniel J. Gregoire
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Publication number: 20110206585Abstract: A metal recovery apparatus recovers metal components from an exhaust gas exhausted from a processing chamber in which a thin film is formed on the surface of a target substrate by using a source gas formed of an organic metal compound serving as a source, and scrubs the exhaust gas. The metal recovery apparatus 66 includes a trap unit having an adsorption member for attaching thereon metal components included in the source gas by heating the exhaust gas and thus thermally decomposing an unreacted source gas included in the exhaust gas; and the scrubbing unit including a catalyzer for oxidizing and thus scrubbing harmful gas components included in the exhaust gas that has flowed through the trap unit.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 4, 2009Publication date: August 25, 2011Applicant: TOKYO ELECTRON LIMITEDInventors: Masamichi Hara, Atsushi Gomi, Tatsuo Hatano
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Patent number: 7985274Abstract: The invention relates to a honeycomb structure, made from a porous ceramic material, said structure being characterized in that the porous ceramic material which forms it comprises: from 50 to 95% by weight of silicon carbide SiC; from 5 to 50% by weight of at least one ceramic oxide phase, said structure additionally being characterized by a porosity greater than 10%, by a specific surface area greater than 0.5 m2/g and by a pore size distribution of at least bimodal type. The invention also relates to the process for obtaining such a structure and also to the catalytic support or filter obtained from such a structure, after deposition of a catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: July 19, 2006Date of Patent: July 26, 2011Assignee: Saint-Gobain Centre de Recherches et d'Etudes EuropeenInventors: Carine Barataud-Dien, Patricia Andy, Sebastien Bardon, Anthony Briot
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Patent number: 7981188Abstract: A porous ceramic honeycomb filter manufactured from an oxide-based ceramic material having a pore size distribution with d1?7.0 microns. Preferably, the oxide-based material is cordierite or aluminum titanate. Alternatively, the filter contains a cordierite-containing ceramic body with a narrow pore size distribution with db?1.00, wherein db=(d90?d10)/d50. Also disclosed is a batch mixture, method and honeycomb green body made from mixture of inorganic source materials selected from the group of magnesia sources, alumina sources, and silica sources, and a pore former having a narrow particle size distribution with dps?0.90, wherein dps={(dp90?dp10)/dp50}. The pore former is preferably selected from a group consisting of canna starch, sago palm starch, green mung bean starch, and single-mode potato starch.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 2010Date of Patent: July 19, 2011Assignee: Corning IncorporatedInventors: Weiguo Miao, Paul John Shustack, Jennifer Lynn Skolny, Jianguo Wang, Yuming Xie
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Patent number: 7981198Abstract: A system includes a particulate matter (PM) filter that includes an upstream end for receiving exhaust gas and a downstream end. A zoned heater is arranged spaced from the upstream end and comprises N zones, where N is an integer greater than one, wherein each of the N zones comprises M sub-zones, where M is an integer greater than or equal to one, and wherein the N zones and the M sub-zones are arranged in P layers, where P is an integer greater than one. A control module selectively activates at least a selected one of the N zones to initiate regeneration in downstream portions of the PM filter from the one of the N zones and deactivates non-selected ones of the N zones.Type: GrantFiled: January 11, 2008Date of Patent: July 19, 2011Inventors: Eugene V. Gonze, Mark R. Chapman
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Patent number: 7976800Abstract: An integrated exhaust gas cooling system and method, including an expansion joint linking the system to an upstream source of exhaust gas and a pre-oxidation section through which exhaust gas travels. A hot temperature zone in which the exhaust gas is maintained at a temperature optimal for an oxidation process extends through the pre-oxidation section. An oxidation catalyst in the hot temperature zone is provided. The exhaust gas passes through the oxidation catalyst. Oxidized exhaust gas passes a post-oxidation section downstream of the oxidation catalyst. A tempering air stream is injected into the post-oxidation section to create a cool temperature zone in which the oxidized exhaust gas is cooled below the temperature in the hot temperature zone and to a temperature optimal for a reduction process. The system includes a reduction catalyst in the cool temperature zone through which the oxidized exhaust gas passes.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 2009Date of Patent: July 12, 2011Assignee: Peerless MFG. Co.Inventors: Mark A. Buzanowski, Sean P. McMenamin
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Patent number: 7972407Abstract: A honeycomb structure includes an inorganic particle, inorganic binder, a honeycomb unit, a first end face, and a second end face. The honeycomb unit includes plural partition walls extending along a longitudinal direction of the honeycomb unit to define through-holes. The first end face is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and provided at a first end of the honeycomb structure. The second end face is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and provided at a second end opposite to the first end in the longitudinal direction of the honeycomb structure. First circularity of the first end face and second circularity of the second end face are about 1.5 mm to about 4.0 mm. The circularity of the first end face is different from the circularity of the second end face.Type: GrantFiled: January 29, 2009Date of Patent: July 5, 2011Assignee: Ibiden Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kazushige Ohno, Masafumi Kunieda, Takahiko Ido
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Patent number: 7967887Abstract: An exhaust aftertreatment filter and method is provided for filtering engine exhaust, and reduces the maximum temperature experienced by the filter including during regeneration including during burn-off of trapped contaminant particulate including carbon oxidation combustion.Type: GrantFiled: November 3, 2006Date of Patent: June 28, 2011Assignee: Cummins Filtration IP, Inc.Inventors: Thomas M. Yonushonis, Conrad J. Simon, III, Bryan E. Blackwell, Matthew L. Anderson, Gary Salemme
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Patent number: 7955408Abstract: This Invention relates to a kind of devices with no emission resulted for treatment of exhaust gas. The Device comprises a vessel having openings that serve only as inlet. At least two exchange sections are provided inside the vessel after inlet of exhaust gas. There is a gas chamber at each connection part between two sequential sections. The gas exchange chamber at the first gas exchange section has a through opening leading to outside atmosphere area, and at each one from the second to the last exchange section, there is a feedback pipe to connect to the inlet of the first stage of exchange section. With this configuration, on entering into the exchange section, exhaust gas will be ejected inwards and causes very strong entrainment, which makes the gas chamber become vacuum and sucks air with oxygen from atmosphere into gas chamber via the through opening to atmosphere.Type: GrantFiled: November 13, 2007Date of Patent: June 7, 2011Inventor: Yuguang Zhang
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Patent number: 7951353Abstract: An apparatus and method of contacting a liquid with different gases sequentially in separate mass transfer zones within a single vessel, the mass transfer zones operatively in fluid communication with each other, including intimately contacting the liquid with a process gas in co-current flow in a downstream mass transfer zone to effect mass transfer between the liquid and the process gas, and introducing the liquid into an upstream mass transfer zone with a second gas, different from the process gas, thereby effecting mass transfer between the liquid and the second gas. The rate of flow of the liquid from the upstream mass transfer zone to downstream mass transfer zone is controlled by the controlled addition of a third gas into one or more downcomers separating each mass transfer zone such that the specific density of the liquid in the downcomers provides a driving force that controls flow.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 2010Date of Patent: May 31, 2011Assignee: Merichem CompanyInventor: David Alan Hobson
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Patent number: 7951346Abstract: Methods and systems for reducing emissions of particulate matter from a gaseous stream are provided. The subject systems include a catalyst that reduces the amount of particulate matter emissions in the gaseous stream. Embodiments of the subject systems may also reduce the amount of particulate matter precursor emissions in the gaseous stream. In some cases, the subject systems and methods include a sorber that facilitates the reduction in particulate matter and particulate matter precursors in the gaseous stream. The subject methods and systems find use in a variety of applications where it is desired to reduce particulate matter emissions from a gaseous stream.Type: GrantFiled: October 30, 2009Date of Patent: May 31, 2011Assignee: Emerachem, LLCInventors: Tom Girdlestone, Steven De Cicco, William S. Epling, Jerald A. Cole, Gregory J. Wagner
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Patent number: 7947102Abstract: An improved ceramic honeycomb filter has at least one porous partition wall defining a channel that is (1) microstructurally different along the length of the channel, (2) microstructurally different than at least a portion of a partition wall defining another channel or (3) combination thereof. The improved filter may be used for filtering Diesel exhaust and may have reduced back pressure and equivalent soot capture efficiency compared to a filter without having said microstructural differences.Type: GrantFiled: December 12, 2007Date of Patent: May 24, 2011Assignee: Dow Global Technologies LLCInventor: Robin Ziebarth
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Patent number: 7935167Abstract: A method for manufacturing a composite ceramic body with occluding a plurality of pores that are open at its surface of a porous ceramic body, the method includes the steps of impregnating a polysilazane solution including polysilazane having a repetition structure of fundamental units of at least one of [—Si(H)(CnH2n+1)—NH—] and [—Si(CnH2n+1)2—NH—], and a predetermined organic solvent, into the plurality of pores of the porous ceramic body, and heating the porous ceramic body to convert the polysilazane in the plurality of pores into ceramic material.Type: GrantFiled: June 27, 2008Date of Patent: May 3, 2011Assignee: Noritake Co., Ltd.Inventors: Keita Miyajima, Yasunori Ando
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Patent number: 7935323Abstract: The invention describes a system and method for hydrogen sulfide decontamination of natural gas using a scavenging reagent. The system uses a scavenging reagent within two reactors wherein the consumption of scavenging reagent is optimized by the control of flow of clean and partially-consumed scavenging reagent within and between the two reactors.Type: GrantFiled: October 17, 2008Date of Patent: May 3, 2011Assignee: Cody Liners Ltd.Inventors: Marc Schulz, Leonard McKeary
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Patent number: 7931881Abstract: An air pollution control system includes an emission treatment system configured to receive flue gas, to reduce at least one pollutant therefrom, and to output emission treated flue gas. A first air heater in fluid communication with the emission treatment system includes a heat exchanger for heating forced air introduced thereto above a base temperature and thereby cooling emission treated flue gas from the emission treatment system to a stack discharge temperature. A second air heater in fluid communication with the first air heater to receive heated forced air therefrom includes a heat exchanger for heating forced air introduced thereto to a preheat temperature for combustion in a boiler and thereby cooling flue gas introduced from a boiler to the second air heater to an emission treatment temperature. The second air heater is in fluid communication with the emission treatment system to introduce cooled flue gas thereto.Type: GrantFiled: September 25, 2009Date of Patent: April 26, 2011Assignee: Babcock Power Environmental Inc.Inventors: Richard F. Abrams, Mark R. Lewis, Jeffrey Penterson
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Publication number: 20110091366Abstract: Provided are methods and systems for neutralizing acidic solution. In such methods, an acidic solution may be generated and methods of raising the pH of the acidic solution are provided that may utilize rocks or mineral. Methods for processing rocks and minerals for digestion by an acidic solution are described. Digestion products of rocks and minerals are provided.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 10, 2010Publication date: April 21, 2011Inventors: Treavor Kendall, Natalie Johnson, William Bourcier, Geoffrey Garrison, James Bresson
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Patent number: 7927572Abstract: Carbon dioxide is purified by processes employing NOx-rich sulfuric acid that can be formed by removal of SO2 from the carbon dioxide.Type: GrantFiled: September 22, 2009Date of Patent: April 19, 2011Assignee: Praxair Technology, Inc.Inventors: Nick Joseph Degenstein, Minish Mahendra Shah
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Patent number: 7927573Abstract: Carbon dioxide is purified by processes employing NOx-rich sulfuric acid that can be formed by removal of SO2 from the carbon dioxide.Type: GrantFiled: September 22, 2009Date of Patent: April 19, 2011Assignee: Praxair Technology, Inc.Inventors: Nick Joseph Degenstein, Minish Mahendra Shah, Ravi Kumar
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Patent number: 7922988Abstract: A layered three-way conversion catalyst having the capability of simultaneously catalyzing the oxidation of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide and the reduction of nitrogen oxides is disclosed. Engine exhaust treatment system and methods of using the same are also provided. The catalytic material can be provided in layers such that a larger amount of oxygen storage component is provided in a downstream zone as compared to an upstream zone. For example, the upstream zone can be configured to have one, two, or three layers, and the downstream zone can be independently configured to have one, two, or three layers. In one or more embodiments, the catalyst supported on a carrier has three layers, where at least two of the layers are zoned to have an oxygen storage component being present in an upstream zone in an amount that is less than the oxygen storage component present in the downstream zone.Type: GrantFiled: October 30, 2009Date of Patent: April 12, 2011Inventors: Michel Deeba, Stephan Siemund, Xinyi Wei, Stefan Kotrel, Knut Wassermann, Glenn Svoboda, Harold Rabinowitz
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Patent number: 7922977Abstract: A method and apparatus for converting a hydrocarbon and oxygen containing gas feed stream to a product stream, such as syngas, including catalytically partially oxidizing the hydrocarbon feed stream over a catalyst bed. The catalyst bed has a downstream zone which is less resistant to flow than the upstream zone.Type: GrantFiled: April 12, 2005Date of Patent: April 12, 2011Assignee: ConocoPhillips CompanyInventors: Bang Cheng Xu, Sriram Ramani, Kevin L. Ricketson, Gloria I. Straguzzi, Larry D. Swinney, Joe D. Allison
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Patent number: 7918914Abstract: In an exhaust gas treatment component with a ceramic body for the purification of exhaust gases and a method for making such a component, the ceramic body is disposed in a sheet metal housing consisting of a housing base from which housing sections extend which are hinged to the housing base by webs and which form together a tubular slotted housing part surrounding the ceramic body, the housing sections being tiltable outwardly about the webs for facilitating insertion of the ceramic body into the housing.Type: GrantFiled: December 19, 2008Date of Patent: April 5, 2011Assignee: MTU Friedrichshafen, GmbHInventors: Hans Sudmanns, Claudia Weigel, Guido Schaffner, Dirk Bergmann
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Patent number: 7914747Abstract: A system is provided for reducing NOx emission. The system includes a gas production source configured to produce a gas stream comprising NOx, and an oxidation catalyst positioned downstream of the gas production source. The oxidation catalyst is configured to oxidize NO gas molecules in the gas stream to yield higher order NxOy molecules. A removal system is positioned downstream of the oxidation catalyst and is configured to remove higher order NxOy molecules from the gas stream by solvent absorption or reaction. The system further includes a secondary NOx trimming system positioned downstream of the oxidation catalyst, wherein the secondary NOx trimming system is configured to inject a reactant into the gas stream, the reactant configured to react with NOx molecules present in the gas stream.Type: GrantFiled: April 23, 2010Date of Patent: March 29, 2011Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventor: Gilbert Otto Kraemer
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Publication number: 20110067306Abstract: This invention relates to processes and apparatuses for reducing pollutants and/or producing syngas. The process includes the step of reacting a first stream with at least one sulfur compound to form a second stream with carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and a reduced amount of the at least one sulfur compound, and the step of recovering elemental sulfur from a portion of the second stream to form a third steam with the at least one sulfur compound, carbon dioxide, and a reduced amount of hydrogen sulfide. The process includes the step of directing at least a portion of the third stream to form a portion of the first stream.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 18, 2009Publication date: March 24, 2011Applicant: BP CORPORATION NORTH AMERICA INC.Inventors: Maria Balmas, Henry Chan
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Patent number: 7909904Abstract: A method for producing a ceramic honeycomb structure comprises providing a honeycomb body having a side surface, a first cut end surface, a second cut end surface opposite the first end surface, and a maximum width (W), and removing material from at least one of the cut end surfaces of the honeycomb body to reduce the length (L), wherein the step of removing material comprises abrasively removing material from at least one of the ends with a rotating abrasive tool, such as by grinding, and wherein L/W is greater than 0.75. The method may achieve end flatness, parallelism, surface roughness and length accuracy, or combinations thereof which heretofore, were unachievable. Face finished ceramic honeycomb structures having low surface roughness (Ra), high degree of parallelism and accurate lengths are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: March 19, 2007Date of Patent: March 22, 2011Assignee: Corning IncorporatedInventor: Bruce Patrick Allen
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Patent number: 7910077Abstract: Sulfur oxides are removed from an oxygen-containing acid gas in configurations and methods in which oxygen is removed from the acid gas using reducing gases at relatively high temperature. The so treated acid gas is then fed to a direct reduction reactor in which the sulfur species are converted to elemental sulfur. Contemplated configurations are particularly effective and economically attractive as they are generally not limited by reaction equilibrium as present in a Claus reaction and do not require solvent and solvent-associated equipment.Type: GrantFiled: October 20, 2005Date of Patent: March 22, 2011Assignee: Fluor Technologies CorporationInventors: Thomas King Chow, Vincent Wai Wong, John Gebur
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Patent number: 7906087Abstract: Apparatus comprising an absorber device provided with a plurality of sequentially adjacent sections for flowing a gas stream therethrough. A solvent reactable with components of the gas stream is ingressed into and egressed from each section of the absorber device by a conduit infrastructure. The conduit infrastructure has a plurality of heat exchange and cooling equipment, and communicates with solvent recovery and regeneration equipment. A process wherein a liquid solvent selected for reacting with gaseous components, is counter-flowed against the gas stream. The liquid solvent temperature is controllably manipulated between each section of the absorber device to provide: (a) thermodynamic-driven mass transfer at the front end of the absorber device, and (b) kinetic-driven mass transfer at the back end of the absorber device. Heat generated during recovery of gaseous components from the liquid solvent is recovered for use in regenerating the solvent system.Type: GrantFiled: March 23, 2007Date of Patent: March 15, 2011Assignee: University of ReginaInventors: Adisorn Aroonwilas, Amornvadee Veawab
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Patent number: 7905933Abstract: An exhaust gas cleaning apparatus and a filter regeneration apparatus that are capable of cleaning a large volume of exhaust gas without any increase in size of a nonmagnetic member around which a working coil for induction heating is wound. The exhaust gas cleaning apparatus includes a particulate collecting section and a filter regenerating section placed next to each other in the flow direction of an exhaust gas, and a movable frame. The movable frame holds an extension of a filter unit extending from a casing of the particulate collecting section beyond the support frame of the filter regenerating section, and can move the filter unit in the axial direction of the casing. When the filter unit moved by the movable frame passes through the filter regenerating section, a corresponding part of a holding frame disposed in the filter unit is continuously induction-heated to burn collected particulates, such that the filter unit can be regenerated.Type: GrantFiled: March 2, 2007Date of Patent: March 15, 2011Assignee: National University Corporation, Tokyo University of Marine Science and TechnologyInventor: Yoshihiro Hatanaka
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Patent number: 7906090Abstract: A mercury reduction system according to the present embodiment is a mercury reduction system that reduces NOx and Hg in flue gas discharged from a boiler, and includes an NH4Cl solution spraying unit that sprays an NH4Cl solution into a flue of the boiler in a liquid state, a mixed gas spraying unit that is provided downstream of the NH4Cl solution spraying unit and sprays mixed gas containing NH3 gas and HCl gas into the flue, a reduction denitration apparatus that includes a denitration catalyst reducing NOx in the flue gas with NH3 and oxidizing Hg in the presence of HCl, and a wet desulfurization apparatus that reduces Hg oxidized in the reduction denitration apparatus with a limestone-gypsum slurry.Type: GrantFiled: December 17, 2009Date of Patent: March 15, 2011Assignee: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Nobuyuki Ukai, Moritoshi Murakami, Susumu Okino, Tatsuto Nagayasu, Seiji Kagawa
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Patent number: 7901645Abstract: A mercury reduction system according to the present embodiment is a mercury reduction system that reduces NOx and Hg in flue gas discharged from a boiler, and includes a chemical supplying unit that mixes an NH4Cl solution, an NH3 solution, and an HCl solution in liquid states, and supplies a mixed solution into a flue provided downstream of the boiler, a reduction denitration apparatus that includes a denitration catalyst reducing NOx in the flue gas with NH3 and oxidizing Hg in the presence of HCl, and a wet desulfurization apparatus that reduces Hg oxidized in the reduction denitration apparatus with limestone-gypsum slurry.Type: GrantFiled: December 17, 2009Date of Patent: March 8, 2011Assignee: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Nobuyuki Ukai, Moritoshi Murakami, Susumu Okino, Tatsuto Nagayasu, Seiji Kagawa
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Patent number: 7901475Abstract: A diesel particulate filter assembly comprises a diesel particulate filter (DPF) and a heater assembly. The DPF filters a particulate from exhaust produced by an engine. The heater assembly has a first metallic layer that is applied to the DPF, a resistive layer that is applied to the first metallic layer, and a second metallic layer that is applied to the resistive layer. The second metallic layer is etched to form a plurality of zones.Type: GrantFiled: March 20, 2008Date of Patent: March 8, 2011Inventors: Eugene V. Gonze, Michael J. Paratore, Jr.
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Publication number: 20110052453Abstract: A method and apparatus for removing carbon dioxide and other pollutants from a gas stream having components that work synergistically. The invention includes an ammonia based scrubbing solution for SO2 scrubbing; an SO2 absorption section (250) to create contact between the flue gas and the ammonia based scrubbing solution to remove SO2 from the flue gas; a wet electrostatic precipitator to remove aerosols and fine particulate matter from the flue gas; a regenerable carbonate scrubbing solution for CO2 scrubbing, a CO2 absorption section (252) for removal of CO2 adapted to create contact between the flue gas and the scrubbing solution and which operates at a temperature between 32 and 66 degrees C.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 31, 2008Publication date: March 3, 2011Inventors: Christopher McLarnon, Joanna Duncan, Francis Alix, Aytac Sezgi, Wade Amos, Roberto Bosco, Brian Grandjean, Michelle Livingston
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Publication number: 20110044875Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and process utilizing ammonium thio sulfate solution (ATS) as the primary liquid absorption agent that is re-circulated through an SO2 Contactor/Absorber for high efficiency contacting and absorption of sulfur dioxide, SO2 from a combustion gas stream generated by incineration of a Claus Sulfur Recovery Unit (SRU) off gas stream (often referred to as a Claus tail gas stream) and also additional SO2 generated from incineration of additional sulfur containing streams. ATS is also re-circulated through a separate H2S Contactor/Absorber for absorption of and reaction with a Sour Water Stripper (SWS) off gas stream and additional H2S-Acid Gas (A.G.) streams to produce additional concentrated ATS. The process and equipment also provides the ability to readily switch between using ATS and ABS as the primary absorbent solution for SO2 absorption, depending upon the concentration of SO2 in the off gas feed streams.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 1, 2010Publication date: February 24, 2011Applicant: TESSENDERLO KERLEY, INC.Inventor: Mark P. Clarkson
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Patent number: 7892308Abstract: A filling percentage of a central portion is larger than that of a peripheral portion at the inlet end surface of an exhaust gas of a honeycomb segment (2) constituting a ceramic filter due to additional filling (13). Thus, an amount of soot accumulated in vents (5) in the central portion of each honeycomb segment (2) is less relative to that in the peripheral portion. This decreases a quantity of heat generated by burning of soot in the central portion, and reduces temperature rise during recycling, thus limiting the maximum temperature of the ceramic filter (1).Type: GrantFiled: August 11, 2004Date of Patent: February 22, 2011Assignee: NGK Insulators, Ltd.Inventor: Takashi Mizutani
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Patent number: 7892309Abstract: A method for producing a honeycomb filter from a honeycomb structure having large numbers of flow paths partitioned by cell walls, comprising inserting a tubular member into each of the flow paths, and injecting a plugging material into each of the flow paths from the tubular member to form a plug in each of the flow paths at a position separate from the end surface of the honeycomb structure, the tubular member having an outer diameter that is 40-90% of the opening size of the flow path, the plugging material comprising at least a ceramic material having a maximum particle size that is 85% or less of the inner diameter of the tubular member, and an average particle size of 1 ?m or more.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 2005Date of Patent: February 22, 2011Assignee: Hitachi Metals, Ltd.Inventors: Shunji Okazaki, Yasuhiko Otsubo, Shinya Tokumaru, Hirohisa Suwabe, Toshitaka Ishizawa
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Publication number: 20110033359Abstract: In a process for removing pollutants from a flue gas stream (31) formed in the firing of a fossil fuel in a combustion chamber of a power station in a plurality of process stages (1, 2, 3), which comprise a first process stage (1) in which the flue gas stream (31, 9, 10) is subjected to gas scrubbing with a first chemical absorbent (6), and a process stage (3) which precedes the first process stage (1), in which the flue gas stream (31) is subjected to a flue gas desulphurization treatment (11) with a calcium-containing chemical absorbent (32), a solution should be provided which makes it possible to reduce the pollutant and solids contents of a flue gas stream formed in the combustion of fossil fuels, in particular coal, to the extent that directly after, with sufficient service life CO2 separation can be carried out continuously by means of a flue gas scrubber and can be integrated into the exhaust gas purification of a power station, in particular coal power station.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 6, 2008Publication date: February 10, 2011Applicant: Hitachi Power Europe GmbHInventors: Georg Papenheim, Torsten Buddenberg
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Patent number: 7879126Abstract: An improved particulate filtration system has an inlet, for the fluid to be filtered, connected to a housing containing a filter medium such that the fluid passes through the filter medium, and an outlet for the filtered fluid to exit. The filtration system's improvement is the filter medium being comprised of a porous ceramic of fused platelet grains. In a particular embodiment, the porous ceramic is a celsian porous ceramic, where the celsian grains have a hexagonal morphology and display a continuous volume thermal expansion coefficient from 100° C. to 1000° C.Type: GrantFiled: July 20, 2007Date of Patent: February 1, 2011Assignee: Dow Global Technologies Inc.Inventors: Aleksander J. Pyzik, Robert A. Newman, Nicholas M. Shinkel
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Patent number: 7879295Abstract: Disclosed herein is a system for reducing NOx emissions comprising a fuel tank in fluid communication with a fuel converter, wherein the fuel converter is located down stream of the fuel tank and wherein the fuel converter comprises a catalyst composition that is operative to continuously convert heavy hydrocarbon molecules having 9 or more carbon atoms per molecule into light hydrocarbon molecules having 8 or less carbon atoms per molecule; a selective catalytic reduction catalyst reactor in fluid communication with the fuel converter and located downstream of the fuel converter; and an engine in fluid communication with the fuel tank and the selective catalytic reduction catalyst reactor, wherein the engine is located downstream of the fuel tank and upstream of the selective catalytic reduction catalyst reactor.Type: GrantFiled: June 30, 2005Date of Patent: February 1, 2011Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Ke Liu, Arnaldo Frydman, Vladimir Zamansky, Teresa Grocela Rocha, Jonathan Lloyd Male, Harish Radhakrishna Acharya, Roy James Primus
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Patent number: 7870724Abstract: The present invention provides a thermally stable catalyst for treating automobile exhaust by-products is provided. The catalyst of the invention comprises a first section that includes a precious metal present in a first concentration and a second section that includes a precious metal present in a second concentration. The catalyst of the invention is characterized by a unique precious metal concentration profile in which the first concentration of the precious metal is lower than the second concentration of the precious metal. When placed with an automobile exhaust system, the second section is positioned downstream of the first section. The present invention also provides a lean NOx trap utilizing the unique precious metal concentration profile. The NOx trap is found to possess improved NOx conversion performance relative to a NOx trap with the same total amount of precious metal deposited uniformly over the volume of the trap.Type: GrantFiled: November 9, 2004Date of Patent: January 18, 2011Assignee: Ford Global Technologies, LLCInventors: Justin Ura, Joseph Theis, Christian Goralski, Jr.
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Patent number: 7871587Abstract: A small scale, but effective, reactive chemical containment system includes apparatus and methods for reaction of process gases exhausted from reaction furnaces with a reactant gas in a non-combustible manner to produce and contain particulate or powder byproducts, thereby removing the process gas from the exhaust gas flow. The apparatus provides process gas inlet, treatment reactive gas diffusion, process gas and treatment reactive gas pre-mixing, primary containment, secondary containment, and outlet zones.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 2009Date of Patent: January 18, 2011Assignee: MKS Instruments, Inc.Inventors: Youfan Gu, Paul Dozoretz
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Patent number: 7867313Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the production of a porous ?-SiC-bearing ceramic molded body that includes an aluminum oxide layer at the surface of the pores and passages of the porous ?-SiC-bearing ceramic molded body. The invention further concerns a porous ?-SiC-bearing ceramic molded body which has pores of a mean pore size in the range of between 0.1 urn and 50 ?m and an aluminum oxide layer at the surface of the open pores and passages.Type: GrantFiled: July 5, 2006Date of Patent: January 11, 2011Assignee: Helsa-Automotive GmbH & Co. KGInventors: Nahum Travitzky, Daniel Galsterer, Peter Greil, Thomas Wolff, Heino Sieber, Lars Weisensel
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Patent number: 7867299Abstract: Methods and apparatus for producing hydrogen with reforming catalysts. The reforming catalysts may be platinum group metals on a support material, and they may be located in a reforming reaction zone of a primary reactor. The support material may be an oxidic support having a ceria and zirconia promoter, or may include a neodymium stabilizer. The support material may also include at least one Group IA, Group IIA, manganese, or iron metal promoter. The primary reactor may have a first and second reforming reaction zones, where upstream catalysts located in the first reforming reaction zone and downstream catalysts located in the second reforming reaction zone may be selected to perform optimally under the conditions in their respective reforming reaction zone.Type: GrantFiled: March 3, 2005Date of Patent: January 11, 2011Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLCInventors: Michael Ian Petch, Jonathan Charles Frost, Suzanne Rose Ellis, Jessica Grace Reinkingh, Mark Robert Feaviour, Jillian Elaine Bailie, David Wails, Paul James Millington