Abstract: High power RF energy supplied to a reaction chamber at a resonant frequency is used to break the covalent bonds of a hydrocarbon material without heat. An RF signal generator may be used to supply RF energy to a resonant ring through a four port coupler. The phase of the RF energy passing through the resonant ring may be adjusted to achieve an integral multiple of a resonant wavelength. Wavelength and intensity may be adjusted to sublimate or pyrolyze the hydrocarbon material to yield a useful gaseous product.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming a surface reservoir to hold a sample for a desirable period of time is described. The apparatus contains a platform, a solid surface disposed onto the platform, and an assembly of a bottomless vessel mounted on the solid surface. Also described is an apparatus that forms an array of surface reservoirs on a solid surface when multiple bottomless vessels are used, which can be used for high throughput applications. The apparatus can be used in applications on a solid surface, such as immunohistochemistry (IHC), oligo synthesis, peptide synthesis, ELISA, DNA array, peptide array, protein array, antibody array, tissue array, cell culturing, etc.

Abstract: An aspect of at least one embodiment of the present invention is a device for cracking heavy hydrocarbons. A linear applicator is positioned within heavy oil containing aromatic molecules. A radio frequency electrical current source is electrically connected to the applicator at a first connection point and a second connection point to create a closed electrical loop. The radio frequency source is configured to apply a signal to the applicator that is sufficient to create a magnetic field and an electric field relative to the axis of the linear applicator. The device also includes a chamber positioned around the applicator generally between the first connection point and the second connection point to concentrate the magnetic field within a region surrounding the applicator and containing the heavy hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A processing apparatus that is formed from a plurality of metal layers that are stacked and aligned together and then connected together to form one or more portions of the processing apparatus.

Abstract: A microwave-excited plasma device is proposed. The device comprises of a plurality of microwave plasma reaction units which are capable of generating plasma independently such that a large-area plasma is able to be generated by all of the units. Besides, the high cost of the large-area microwave coupling window and its deformation together with possible breakage caused by atmospheric pressure can be prevented. Moreover, when a plurality of permanent magnets is assembled upon each of the plasma reaction units, the microwave-excited plasma device is improved to be a large-area electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma device.

Abstract: A system including a steam generation system and a chamber. The steam generation system includes a complex and the steam generation system is configured to receive water, concentrate electromagnetic (EM) radiation received from an EM radiation source, apply the EM radiation to the complex, where the complex absorbs the EM radiation to generate heat, and transform, using the heat generated by the complex, the water to steam. The chamber is configured to receive the steam and an object, wherein the object is of medical waste, medical equipment, fabric, and fecal matter.

Abstract: Light-activated antimicrobial devices and articles are disclosed. The devices include a light source and a light-activated antimicrobial article comprising a photosensitizer and a viscoelastic material such as a pressure sensitive adhesive adapted to receive light from the light source. The viscoelastic material may be adapted to transport light by total internal reflection. The photosensitizer may comprise a dye, a metal oxide or a composition that comprises anions that oxidize or react to form a gas. Upon activation of the light source, the photosensitizer absorbs light from the light source such that antimicrobial activity is exhibited. The photosensitizer may be included in the light-activated antimicrobial article or it may be provided as a topical composition that is separate from the article. The light-activated antimicrobial articles and devices may have constructions similar to those of wound dressings.

Abstract: An improved system and method for generating graphene involves producing a plurality of ionized carbon atoms in a plasma generation chamber and providing the plurality of ionized carbon atoms to a graphene generation chamber having a magnetic structure. The graphene generation chamber generates graphene from said plurality of ionized carbon atoms over said magnetic structure such that said graphene floats over said magnetic structure due to said graphene being diamagnetic. The rate at which the plurality of ionized carbon atoms is produced is controlled to control the rate of graphene generation. The magnetic field of the magnetic structure can be controlled to control the rate at which the generated graphene moves through the graphene generation chamber until it exits as a recovered graphene product.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are described that couples a plurality of electromagnetic sources to a material for the purpose of either processing the material or promoting a chemical reaction. The apparatus couples various electromagnetic sources of various frequencies, including provision for static magnetic fields, radio frequency fields, and microwave fields, with the possibility of applying them all simultaneously or in any combination.

Abstract: A new and effective method for supporting and/or intensifying a physical and/or chemical reaction in a reaction volume of a reactor (13), which is filled with a plurality of substances, comprises the steps of: providing a reactor (13) having a reaction volume, filling said reaction volume of said reactor (13) with a plurality of substances, which take part in a physical and/or chemical reaction, adding a predetermined portion of ferromagnetic particles into said reaction volume, placing said reactor (13) with its reaction volume between at least two inductors (1 1, 12), such that the magnetic fields (H1, H2) of said inductors (1 1, 12) interfere with each other in said reaction volume of said reactor (13), and supplying each of said inductors with an alternating current of predetermined amplitude and frequency.

Abstract: A device for altering molecular bonds in fluids (1) having a substantially tubular housing (2). The substantially tubular housing has a perimeter wall (3), a first end (4), a second end (5), an inner surface (6) and an outer surface (7). Caps (8) are located on the first end and on the second end. One or more geometrically shaped extensions (11) may be located on the caps to allow a user to rotate the caps and/or the entire housing with a wrench. An aperture is located on each cap to allow liquid to pass though into or out of the housing. Threads (10) are located within the apertures to allow a user to install the device for altering molecular bonds in fluids in a fuel line, water line or other liquid conduit. A plurality of magnets (13) are secured within one or more casings (14) that separate and hold the magnets in place within the housing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a magnetic sensor which detects a target substance indirectly by making a labeling substance larger than the target substance bond with the target substance contained in a sample in a detection area, and detecting the labeling substance, comprising a capture area which is relatively easy to capture the target substance, and a non-capture area which is relatively hard to capture the target substance, on a surface of a member which is comprised in a detection area, wherein the capture area is surrounded by the non-capture area. Thereby, the sensor enables to detect comparatively accurately the number and concentration of substances which cannot be directly detected, and enables to be used for detection of various target substances.

Abstract: An assembly that utilizes reusable sheaths for covering magnetic rods for collecting particles in an inverse magnetic particle process. The magnetic rod is removed from the reusable sheath to release particles at the same or a different location. The reusable sheaths can be assembled in a cylindrical plate, which can be rotated to position a clean sheath for each step of the inverse magnetic particle process. When not being used for particle separation, the sheaths can be washed of potentially contaminating solution in wash receptacles.

Abstract: A plasmon filter may include an element supportive of plasmon energy and having a plurality of openings through which a material may pass. A system includes a fluid filter supportive of evanescent energy, an evanescent field generator, a sensor, and/or other components. A corresponding method may include generating plasmons on the filter and exposing a material to the plasmon energy.

Abstract: A device includes a chamber to contain plasma, a water vapor injector to inject water vapor into the chamber, a high-frequency wave injector to inject a high-frequency wave inside the chamber, a magnetic structure to generate a magnetic field in the chamber and to generate plasma along the magnetic field lines, a module of the magnetic field presenting a magnetic mirror configuration with at least one electron cyclotron resonance zone to at least partially dissociate the water molecules introduced in vapor phase and to at least partially ionize the products of dissociation.

Abstract: A device for producing hydrogen from electron cyclotron resonance plasma, includes a sealed vacuum chamber to contain plasma, a water vapor injector to inject water vapor into the chamber, a generator to generate a high-frequency wave that is provided inside the chamber, a magnetic structure to generate a magnetic field in the chamber and to generate a plasma surface along the magnetic field lines, the module of the magnetic field presenting a magnetic mirror configuration with at least one electron cyclotron resonance zone to at least partially dissociate water molecules introduced in vapor phase and to at least partially ionize the products of dissociation, a cryogenic condenser, placed in the sealed chamber to freeze oxygen coming from the dissociation without freezing hydrogen coming from the dissociation, a hydrogen recovery unit to recover the hydrogen coming from the dissociation, the oxygen being trapped by the cryogenic condenser.

Abstract: Technologies are generally described for a levitation microreactor adapted to facilitate a chemical reaction. The levitation microreactor may comprise one or more levitation zones arranged in spatial communication with one another, each levitation zone including a levitator that is effective to levitate a reactant droplet. In some examples, a first levitation zone may include a first levitator effective to levitate a first reactant droplet, while a second levitation zone may include a second levitator effective to levitate a second reactant droplet. The second reactant droplet may be distinct from the first reactant droplet. Some example microreactors may further include a third levitation zone that is arranged in spatial communication with the first and second levitation zones. The third levitation zone may be effective to facilitate a chemical reaction on the first and second reactant droplets while the first and second reactant droplets are levitated to produce a product.

Abstract: A magnetic fuel treatment system and apparatus has a body which houses a series of magnets, a fuel channel and a detachable cover. The apparatus is so structured and dimensioned as to provide a system which facilitates a good force to volume ratio and ease of sealability. The series of magnets mounted in the body in operative locations is purposed to create a combination of magnetic forces.

Abstract: The present invention provides an immunoassay technique which enables efficient detection of antigen-antibody reaction with high sensitivity by a magnetic method using magnetic particles and a SQUID magnetic sensor or sensors. A system based on the technique includes a disk-shaped sample holder which holds on a circle a plurality of sample containers for accommodating marked samples, resulting from marking of samples with magnetic particles by antigen-antibody reaction; rotating means for rotating the holder around its central shaft; magnetizing means for magnetizing the marked samples outside a magnetic shield; and a magnetic sensor for detecting, within the magnetic shield, magnetic fields generated from the marked samples which have been magnetized.

Abstract: [Problems] To provide a treatment method having excellent purification effect, in which impurities having high ionicity in a silica powder can be removed in a short time, a apparatus thereof, and a purified silica powder. [Means for Solving the Problems] A purification method of a silica powder comprises: making a silica powder into a fluid state; contacting a purified gas to the silica powder in the fluid state at high temperature; and thereby removing impurity components of the silica powder. In the method, the silica powder in the fluid state is positioned in a magnetic field region. Further, the silica powder is contacted with the purified gas, while applying voltage to the silica powder by an electric field generated by moving of the silica powder. Preferably, the silica powder in a fluid state is positioned in the magnetic region of 10 gausses or more, and contacted with the purification gas at a temperature of 1000° C. or more.

Abstract: In a method for separating rich ore particles from agglomerates which contain said rich ore particles and magnetizable particles attached thereto, especially Fe3O4, in which agglomerates of the rich ore particle and the magnetizable particle are bonded by organic molecular chains, the agglomerates are contained in a suspension containing a carrier fluid and are broken up by an input of mechanical energy so that an agent contained in the suspension and decomposing the exposed, hydrophobic molecular chains can act upon the molecular chains. The Fe-containing oxide components are separated from the suspension in a magnetic separation process.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for generating hyperpolarized materials are disclosed. In one embodiment, a flexible fluid path is provided for use in a polarizer system. In a further embodiment, a polarizer system is provided with an electromechanical assembly for controlling the movement of a fluid path, when present, within a sample path of the polarizer system. In a further embodiment, a polarizer system is provided having a sample path entry point at a convenient height for use by a user standing on the ground.

Abstract: A microreactor containing a plurality of introduction channels 21 and 22 for introducing a plurality of liquids, a merging section 23 for merging the plurality of introduction channels 21 and 22, and a reaction channel 41 located on a downstream side of the merging section 23, characterized in that a flow control section 80 is located on a downstream side of the merging section 23 and an upstream side of the reaction channel 41, and the flow control section 80 contains in a channel 81 thereof a movable particle 82. According to the constitution, such a microreactor can be provided that the flow state in the reaction channel 41 is controlled to realize a flow state with good reproducibility.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (7) for applying electromagnetic energy to a reactive medium, with said device being designed to be connected to an electromagnetic radiation generator using a means of transmission (4) of said radiation, with the device being remarkable in that it includes at least one loss transmission line (70) that features an interface that transfers electromagnetic energy towards the reactive medium, with said transfer interface being arranged so as to assure, throughout the length of the said line, a pre-determined distribution cross-section for the density of the electromagnetic energy delivered to said medium by said line. The invention also relates to a device for processing, by electromagnetic radiation, of a reactive medium including such an application device. The present invention can be applied to the sector of devices for thermal treatment of a reactive medium, specifically by microwave or high-frequency radiation.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a plasma generating device and method for generating plasma through electrodeless discharge within a long tubule and carrying out a plasma process on the inside of the long tubule. The plasma generating device has a container 1 for containing a long tubule 9, the internal pressure of which can be adjusted, a magnetic field applying means 8 for applying a magnetic field in at least part of the long tubule, and a microwave supplying means 2 for emitting microwaves into the container, and is characterized in that plasma is generated within the long tubule by emitting microwaves into the container in such a state that a magnetic field is applied in at least part of the long tubule.

Abstract: A new reaction apparatus including a capillary having an inner surface to which a probe molecule that specifically binds to an analyte is immobilized and achieving a highly efficient reaction using a small amount of a sample and a process of the reaction are provided. The reaction apparatus includes a capillary having an inner surface to which a probe molecule that specifically binds to an analyte is immobilized; a passage allowing a fluid discharged from one end of the capillary to flow to the other end of the capillary; a columnar magnetic body that is disposed in a fluid containing the analyte in the capillary and/or the passage in the state that the fluid fed in the capillary can circulate via the passage; end-fixing means for fixing one end of the columnar magnetic body in the capillary and/or the passage by a DC magnetic field; and end-moving means for moving the other end of the columnar magnetic body by an AC magnetic field such that the fluid circulates via the passage.

Abstract: The water is at the origin of an entire series of geological and climatic processes and is primarily the basis of all forms of life. Actually, it is the majority component of all living organisms (50% to 98%); the human body contains 70% of the total mass thereof. The biosphere in its entirety consists of 80% water. Although this may be one of the most highly examined liquids, its properties comprising numerous anomalies have not yet all been elucidated. It plays an essential role in the structure and metabolism of all living beings. This biological role is due to its physical and chemical properties that are out of the ordinary. Bernal and Flower established a rule defining that each oxygen atom has two hydrogen atoms as neighbors and each hydrogen bond contains one hydrogen atom. The separation of the liquid water molecules produces the formation of hydroxyl ion (OH?) and hydronium ions (H3O+), which hampers this rule.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cooling medium flow path for improving cooling efficiency of a cooling medium used for liquid-cooling systems for motors, radiators and the like. The cooling medium flow path according to the present invention is capable of increasing cooling efficiency of a cooling medium by providing magnetic members for generating a magnetic force in a direction substantially perpendicular to the flow direction of the cooling medium so that clusters of a liquid, such as cooling water, antifreeze liquid or the like flowing through the flow path may be finely divided or activated.

Abstract: A self-contained, high efficiency cellulose biomass processing plant includes sources of quantum-based wave energy to facilitate the dilute acid hydrolysis of hemi-cellulose and alpha-cellulose bond. The sources of quantum-based wave energy supply one or more of, and suitably a combination of ultrasonic waves, ultraviolet waves, magnetic waves and direct current to facilitate fracture of the intermolecular bonds. An integrated plant is also provided which combines the cellulose biomass processing plant with apparatus for converting high protein residue into a finished high grade protein product. Due to the high efficiency resulting from use of quantum-based wave energy, the plant uses less energy, and can be small and portable.

Abstract: A reactor for molybdenum sulphide (MoS2), wherein MoS2 is ionized by an electric field generated by a first set of magnetrons at a frequency in the range of 2500-3500 MHz and heated by a variable magnetic field of 2500 Hz produced by a winding coil, resulting in the exclusive evaporation of molybdenite. MoS2 in gas state is then stimulated by a second set of magnetrons and, with the injection of air, oxidized until trioxide is obtained. Hot gases essentially containing molybdenum trioxide, sulphur dioxide, and nitrogen are conducted from a first body towards a second body though a first duct. Cold air is added to the second body through a second duct to cool the gas, and crystals formed by liquefaction settle and are removed through a lower duct while gases at a temperature of 600° C. are conducted through a higher duct.

Abstract: A supercritical fluid polymer depolymerization machine is disclosed herein, which machine is capable of converting a wide range of biomass and/or waste plastic materials into a plurality of reaction products (liquid and gaseous) including fermentable sugars, hydrocarbons, and various aromatic substances that, in turn, are readily convertible into liquid transportation fuel known as “neodiesel.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and method to dissociate water molecules into H2 and O2 and includes a reaction vessel having at least one radiolysis apparatus, at least one photolysis apparatus, at least one catalyst apparatus, and at least one electromagnetic fielding apparatus. The reaction vessel has a body, a first end and a second end defining an interior reaction chamber, an inlet for receiving water vapor and at least two outlets. A plurality of windings of a contiguous electrical conductor are wound in a first direction adjacent the first outlet and plurality of windings of a contiguous electrical conductor wound in a second direction adjacent the second outlet such that the first direction is opposite the second direction. When a current is applied to the conductor, an electromagnetic field is generated to migrate the disassociated H2 and O2 molecules toward the respective first outlet or second outlet.

Abstract: In a sterilisation system for sterilising and/or neutralising the activity of micro-organisms in liquids and gasses, and in a sterilisation and/or neutralisation process, sterilisation is carried out by exposing the micro-organisms to a potential difference ranging from 200 to 1000 mV.

Abstract: A cassette for preparing a sample is disclosed herein. The cassette includes a housing, which encloses the structures and the processes used to prepare the sample.

Abstract: A baric electromagnetic thermal system for manufacturing disaccharide sweetener compounds is provided and permits baric and thermal processing, at low temperatures, to effect the retrocycloaddition, chemoselective promiscuous ligation, and cycloaddition reactions. A method for selecting base and adjunct components for the manufacture of a disaccharide sweetener compound having an equivalent functionality as a natural sweetener and/or derivative thereof as required for a specific food processing application is presented.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method and a system for producing a signal, in particular an electric signal, or a substance having a coagulating or anticoagulant effect. The method is characterised in that it is based on a source substance with coagulating effect, in particular, Ca++ ions, or an anticoagulant affect, in particular heparin. The method consists in: transforming the electromagnetic field derived from said source substance located in the chamber, into a signal, in particular an electric signal, using a transducer-receiver sensing the electromagnetic field; applying to a receiving substance located in the chamber, in particular water or a water-ethanol mixture or homeopathic granules, said signal derived from said transducer-receiver, using a transducer-transmitter. After said treatment, the receiving substance, initially inactive, has a coagulating or anticoagulant effect.

Abstract: In the plasma reaction vessel (1) of the invention, two or more laminate-structures (6) having ceramic formed bodies (3, 4) in which a plasma generating electrode (2) capable of generating plasma is formed in two-tape-form, and an electrically continuous film-like electrically conductive electrode (5) held between the two ceramic formed bodies (3, 4) are formed in such a manner as to form a plasma generating space (7) containing mutual laminate planes therein. Of the electrically conductive electrodes (5), adjacent ones are capable of having electric discharge produced therebetween so as to generate the plasma in the plasma generating space (7) and of generating uniform stabilized plasma at low electric power, it being possible to reduce a passage resistance to a gas passing therein.

Abstract: A microfluidic device (10) for performing chemical or biological reactions comprises a chamber (20) for use as a self-sustaining oscillating jet mixing chamber and two or more separate feed channels (22, 24, 40) separated by one or more inter-channel walls (25), the two or more channels (22,24,40) terminating at a common side (18) of the chamber (20), the two or more channels (22,24,40) having a total channel width (28) comprising the widths of the two or more channels (22,24,40) and all inter-channel walls (25) taken together, the chamber (20) having a width (26) in a direction perpendicular to the channels (22,24,40) and a length (32) in a direction parallel to the channels, the width (26) being at least two times the total channel width (28), the chamber (20) having two opposing major surfaces (56) defining a height (30) thereof, the chamber (20) having a major-surface-area to volume ratio of at least 10 cm2/cm3.

Abstract: A magnetic separation device separating magnetic material from a working fluid of a container is disclosed. The magnetic separation device includes a first element, a second element and a magnetic assembly structure including a plurality of magnetic units. The first element includes a first body, a plurality of first main positioning portions disposed on the first body, and a plurality of first sub-positioning portions disposed on the first body and next to the first main positioning portions to receive the container. The second element includes a second body, a plurality of second main positioning portions disposed on the second body, and a plurality of second sub-positioning portions disposed on the second body and next to the second main positioning portions to receive the container. The magnetic units disposed on the first main positioning portions and the second main positioning portions absorb magnetic material from the working fluid.

Abstract: In the plasma reaction vessel (1) of the invention, two or more laminate-structures (6) having ceramic formed bodies (3, 4) in which a plasma generating electrode (2) capable of generating plasma is formed in two-tape-form, and an electrically continuous film-like electrically conductive electrode (5) held between the two ceramic formed bodies (3, 4) are formed in such a manner as to form a plasma generating space (7) containing mutual laminate planes therein. Of the electrically conductive electrodes (5), adjacent ones are capable of having electric discharge produced therebetween so as to generate the plasma in the plasma generating space (7) and of generating uniform stabilized plasma at low electric power, it being possible to reduce a passage resistance to a gas passing therein.

Abstract: A delivery apparatus for selectively delivering one or more liquid reagents into a reaction or test chamber (2), especially of an assay apparatus, the apparatus comprising: one or more respective storage chambers (5,6) for containing the one or more liquid reagents and arranged generally above the reaction or test chamber (2); and a plunger element (4) arranged and operable for insertion into the mouth of a selected storage chamber so as to displace a selected reagent from therewithin into the reaction or test chamber (2) generally therebelow by gravitational liquid overflow from the mouth of the chamber. The apparatus may conveniently be provided as a discrete delivery unit, with the storage chambers (5,6) prefilled with the selected reagents.

Abstract: A magnetic bead-based sample separating device is provided. The device includes a first reactor, a second reactor, a third reactor, a first micro-channel and a second micro-channel. The first reactor receives a mixing solution including several magnetic beads and a sample extraction. The sample extraction is bound with the magnetic beads. The second reactor receives a washing buffer for washing the magnetic beads with sample extraction. The third reactor receives an elution buffer for separating the washing buffer from the magnetic beads. The first micro-channel is for connecting the first reactor and the second reactor and moving the magnetic beads to the second reactor from the first reactor. The second micro-channel is for connecting the second reactor and the third reactor and moving the magnetic beads to the third reactor from the second reactor.

Abstract: Virtual sorbent bed systems and methods for receiving contaminants from a waste stream are presented. In an embodiment, the virtual sorbent bed system comprises an outlet for introducing into the gas stream a material capable of receiving contaminants, a first charged DC electrode oriented substantially peripheral to the gas stream and normal to the flow of the gas stream; a second charged DC electrode oriented substantially peripheral to the gas stream and normal to the flow of the gas stream, wherein the first DC charged electrode and the second charged DC electrode cooperatively generate a first electric field that imparts a drift velocity to the material; and a plurality of charged AC electrodes oriented substantially peripheral to the gas stream and normal to the flow of the gas stream, wherein the charged AC electrodes generates a second electric field that imparts additional three-dimensional motion to the material.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for the capture, detection, separation, isolation and quantification of contaminants in a starting material. Also disclosed are competitive assay methods for the detection and quantification of contaminants in a starting material. Kits for use with the method are disclosed as well. A system for capturing, separating and/or concentrating contaminants from a material is also presented. The system captures, separates and/or concentrates contaminants such as bacteria, viruses, other microorganisms, and/or larger items, such as insects, from a variety of materials, such as food, and environmental and clinical materials. In general, the system uses a rotating magnetic field to mix the material with magnetic particles to capture the target contaminants, and a fixed magnetic field to separate and concentrate the captured target contaminants.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing isotope-doped carbon nanotubes (10) includes the steps of: (a) providing a carbon rod (209) connected with an anode (214) of an electrical source, the carbon rod including at least two kinds of carbon isotope segments (202, 203) arranged therealong according to need; (b) providing a pure carbon rod (208) connected with a cathode (215) of the electrical source, the pure carbon rod positioned corresponding to the carbon rod and including carbon-12 isotopes; and (c) producing an arc discharge between the carbon rod and the pure carbon rod, wherein the carbon isotope segments of the carbon rod are consumed sequentially to form the isotope-doped carbon nanotubes on a surface of the pure carbon rod. Growth mechanisms of the isotope-doped carbon nanotubes manufactured by this method can be readily studied.

Abstract: A vacuum chamber 2 has walls having an inner layer 20 of a gas impermeable electrically non-conductive material and an outer layer 22 of a different electrically non-conducting material. The inner layer 20 is a polymeric film layer of Kapton® polyimide. The outer layer 22 is a composite material which includes reinforcing carbon or glass fibers bound in a matrix of epoxy resin. The vacuum chamber has end flanges for attaching it to adjacent parts of a vacuum system. The vacuum chamber is made by placing a sheet of Kapton® material around a mould and sealing its ends together. The composite material is then wound onto the inner layer in its wet form to provide the outer layer. The outer layer material is then cured to dry the epoxy resin, binding the layer to the inner layer, and the multi-layer structure removed from the mould. The vacuum chamber is particularly suitable for use in an ion implantation system in the presence of a time varying magnetic field.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improvement in methods for nucleic acid and immunological bioassays. The methods comprise a step for “sweeping” paramagnetic bead: target molecule complexes so as to capture them with an affinity capture agent on a test pad by moving a magnetic force field from outside to inside the test pad area so as to bring into contact the paramagnetic complexes with the capture agent, while sweeping any unbound paramagnetic material off the test pad by moving the magnetic field from inside to outside the test pad area. Surprisingly, the paramagnetic complexes are rapidly affinity-extracted from the moving magnetic field.

Abstract: A light, compact and low-cost liquid fuel reformer for removing the harmful substances within the exhaust gas discharged from vehicles having two magnet holding cases (3, 3?) accommodating respectively anisotropic metallic materials (7, 7?). The magnet holding cases (3?) and (3) are magnetically secured each other at respective commissure (3a, 3a?), pinching connecting tube (24) made of nonmagnetic material through which the liquid fuel flows. The magnetic fields generated by the anisotropic magnetic materials (7) and (7?) are orthogonal to the connecting tube. The connecting tube has an outer tube (24A) made of nonferrous metal and an inner tube (24B) made of nonferrous metal. These two types of nonferrous metal are selected so as to generate an electric potential difference between the outer tube (24A) and the inner body tube (24B).

Abstract: A method and apparatus is described comprising of a plurality of electromagnetic resonant structures coupled to a common process or reaction volume, such that resonance of each structure is maintained while the process or reaction volume is a part of each resonant structure. At the same time, each resonant structure is matched to its respective electromagnetic generator. Such a system allows each generator and its delivery system to run at rated power, with summation of all the powers occurring in the common process or reaction volume. In various embodiments of this invention, the various electromagnetic generators can run at the same or different frequencies. The various resonant structures can be single mode or multimode, or a mixture of single mode and multi mode. The various resonant structures can be arranged spatially in order to couple several structures to the process or reaction volume.

Abstract: A device for separating ions from a fluid stream is disclosed. The device includes a conduit eccentric and parallel to an axis of rotation. An inductor coil surrounds the conduit and forms a magnetic field parallel to the axis. The conduit has an inlet and three outlets. The outlets are arranged at different radial distances from the axis. The coil and the conduit are rotatable relative to one another about the axis. Fluid flows through the conduit to the outlets and the ions therein experience a force as they move perpendicular to the magnetic field. Ions of one polarity move toward the axis and exit the conduit from the innermost outlet. Ions of an opposite polarity move away from the axis and exit the conduit from the outermost outlet. Fluid substantially devoid of ions exits from the middle outlet. A method of generating gas from ion streams is disclosed.