Abstract: An ammonium thiosulfate product and method of making the same are provided in which the product is ammonium thiosulfate crystals with a film of water, i.e. about 80% to 90% ammonium thiosulfate with 10% to 20% water and preferably about 85% ammonium thiosulfate and 15% water at a pH of about 8 to 10, preferably about 9 and preferably produced by adding anhydrous ammonium thiosulfate to a 60% solution of ammonium thiosulfate or by vacuum separation of water from a 60% solution of ammonium thiosulfate to produce a product at about 80% to 90% ammonium thiosulfate.

Abstract: Removing water from wet isocyanic acid in organic solution of said isocyanic acid by addition hereto of a hydrogen halide or a compound which forms hydrogen halide in said solution in amount sufficient to provide a molar excess of hydrogen halide in said solution relative to the water, and ammonia if any, present in said solution.

Abstract: Process for pelletizing sulphur by forming and solidifying molten droplets of sulphur containing dispersed therewithin an effective minor amount of a mechanical strength improving modifying additive, e.g. 4-10 ppm organopoly-siloxane, kerosene, other lower boiling range hydrocarbon than kerosene, or mixtures thereof, for increasing the mechanical strength of the resultant pellets, such as by contact with water as coolant, either by feeding molten droplets of or an unbroken continuous stream of the molten sulphur-dispersed additive mixture into the water, preferably at a coolant temperature operatively below that of the molten sulphur and above its own freezing temperature and at a molten sulphur-dispersed additive mixture feeding temperature of particularly optionally between about 130.degree.-140.degree. C.; and the resultant pellets of improved close grained, substantially amorphous structure thereby produced.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of producing articles which generate heat at a substantially constant temperature for an extended period of time and which are able to remain in a stable state until such time as the generation of heat is desired. The method also relates to supercooled fluids produced by such methods. The method involves the processing of supercooled fluids such as hypo to produce this stable state. As a first step, a suitable material such as ethylene glycol may be added to the supercooled fluid to stabilize the supercooled fluid and to decrease the generation of heat in the supercooled fluid to obtain a desired temperature. The mixture is then heated to a relatively high temperature considerably above the melting temperature of the supercooled fluid. With the mixture at the high temperature, water is added to provide a particular specific gravity and an alkali is added to provide a particular pH.

Abstract: A novel process for the preparation of insoluble sulfur product comprises the steps of vaporizing sulfur, mixing the vaporized sulfur with from about 1.times.10.sup.-6 % to about 5% hydrogen sulfide, in the essential absence of hydrocarbon oil, quenching the vaporized sulfur in a quenching medium and separating the insoluble sulfur product from the quenching medium.

Abstract: A stable calcium hypochlorite composition and a method for the preparation thereof. The composition has a calcium hypochlorite anhydride and/or a calcium hypochlorite dihydrate used as main constituent and comprises at least 60 wt % of calcium hypochlorite; at least 5 wt % of calcium hydroxide; at least 4 wt % of water content; and 5 wt % or less of than that calcium chloride. The composition is stable and decomposes only in a less degree at a high temperature and during storage over a long period.

Abstract: Carbon dioxide and air reactivity reactions occurring during carbon electrode use, can be minimized by the use of quench water treated with phosphoric acid following calcination of the coke used to make the electrode.

Abstract: A hard ferrite powder with the composition BaO.6Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 composed of particles in the size range from about 1 to 10 microns and being easily separated into primary grains (monocrystal domains) which contain at least about 85% of primary grains with hexagonal lattice structures and sizes equal to or less than 0.5 micron.

Abstract: Sodium carbonate peroxide stabilized against loss of its active oxygen content is prepared by incorporating into sodium carbonate peroxide an ethylene oxide-derivative stabilizing agent selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol, polyethoxy fatty acid tertiary amines, diamines and quaternary ammonium salts thereof, N,N-polyethoxy fatty acid amides and polyethoxy fatty acid esters and recovering the sodium carbonate peroxide as a dry, free-flowing solid.

Abstract: N-substituted perhydro-s-triazine compounds can be used to increase the solubility of alkali or alkaline earth metal salts in an organic medium. Increasing the solubility of such salts catalyzes the reaction between the salts and other components of the organic medium. For example, 5 percent of a tris(n-octylpolyoxyethylene)-N,N',N"-perhydro-s-triazine compound catalyzes the reaction between sodium iodide and n-octyl bromide at 80.degree. C. for 1 hour to form 100 percent yield of n-octyl iodide.

Abstract: Disclosed is a tracer fluid for use in connection with surfactant waterflooding or other chemicalized enhanced oil, recovery processes, and an oil recovery process using the fluid. Fluids containing easily identifiable components such as water-soluble, inorganic salts, specifically water-soluble nitrate salts, as well as low molecular weight alcohols may be used as tracer fluids for determining numerous flow and formation conditions between injection wells and production wells. Many of the most desirable tracers are degraded by bacteria present in field water or surface contamination. Incorporation of from 10 to 2000 and preferably from 50 to 1500 parts per million of an aromatic treating compound, preferably benzene, toluene, or xylene, stabilizes the chemical tracer against microbial attack.

Abstract: Substantially stable slurries containing 30-35% by weight of sodium dithionite are manufactured by evaporating sodium dithionite solutions while maintaining the heating medium at 220.degree.-250.degree. F. and the solution and slurry at 110.degree.-155.degree. F. under a vacuum of at least 25 inches Hg and by promptly cooling the resultant slurry while agitating it. The vacuum is preferably 26.5-27.5 in. Hg. At 4-5% by weight of the sodium dithionite and preferably at 4.3% by weight, NaOH is preferably added to the solution or alternatively to the slurry, immediately after evaporation. A chelator is preferably added to the solution to prevent metal contamination thereof. Zinc-derived sodiation liquor is the preferred sodium dithionite solution.

Abstract: A magnesia partially stabilized zirconia ceramic material possessing from about 2.8 to about 4.0 wt percent magnesia, and made from a zirconia powder containing no more than about 0.03 percent silica is described. The ceramic material has a microstructure, produced as a consequence of the method by which the material is made, which provides both high strength and good thermal shock resistance properties. This microstructure comprises grains of cubic stabilized zirconia within which are formed, during cooling from the firing temperature, precipitates of tetragonal zirconia. These precipitates are elliptical in shape, with a long axis of about 1500 Angstrom units. Additionally, some of the tetragonal zironcia precipitates are made to transform into a non-twinned microcrystalline monoclinic form of zirconia by reducing the temperature of the material to below 800.degree. C., then subsequently holding the material at a temperature in the range from 1000.degree. C. to about 1400.degree. C.

Abstract: The specification discloses a method of stabilizing aqueous alkali metal aluminate solutions against precipitation of solids and/or the development of a cloudy appearance over a period of standing. The method comprises dissolving hydrated alumina and an alkali metal hydroxide in an aqueous medium in an amount sufficient to produce an aqueous solution containing at least 30% by weight of dissolved solids. The dissolved solids are then reacted in the presence of at least 0.02% by weight of an oligomeric or monomeric surfactant containing groups capable of bonding chemically to the aluminate thus produced. The resulting aluminate solution is found to be stable for a period of several months at least, and thus has a long shelf life making it attractive for use in a variety of industries.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for receiving, storing and handling aluminum hydroxide wet hydrate, wherein the aluminum hydroxide wet hydrate is unloaded, optionally in batches, by means of a dumping means, e.g., a dump truck into a hopper which is equipped with a conveying means, e.g., a plate conveyor, the aluminum hydroxide wet hydrate supplied by means of a transporting apparatus, e.g., a double belt vertical conveyor, to a weighing means, e.g., a conveyor-type weigher and weighed, subsequently supplied to an aluminum hydroxide wet hydrate suspension tank, mixing the aluminum hydroxide wet hydrate in the tank with the amount of aqueous sodium hydroxide needed to produce a suspension of the aluminum hydroxide wet hydrate and producing a pumpable and meterable suspension of the aluminum hydroxide wet hydrate by heating to a temperature between 20.degree. and 100.degree. C. with the aid of a heating element and a stirrer.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of an aqueous suspension containing at least 65% by weight of calcium carbonate, in which process calcium carbonate is crystallized in a dilute aqueous medium, a wet concentrate of calcium carbonate is separated from the resulting dilute aqueous suspension of calcium carbonate and the said calcium carbonate concentrate is fluidized and homogenized in the presence of a dispersing agent. The calcium carbonate is crystallized in the presence of a water-soluble polyelectrolyte and the calcium carbonate concentrate is separated from the dilute suspension of calcium carbonate by essentially mechanical separating means.

Abstract: A process for preparing rutile TiO.sub.2 by a process comprising oxidizing with oxygen or an oxygen containing gas, a mixture TiCl.sub.4 and AlCl.sub.3 and after at least 80% of the TiCl.sub.4 has been converted to TiO.sub.2 adding sufficient PCl.sub.3 to form from 0.1-0.5% P.sub.2 O.sub.5 in the TiO.sub.2, the amount of AlCl.sub.3 being sufficient to form 0.1-1.5% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 in the TiO.sub.2.

Abstract: The invention provides stabilized pulverulent red phosphorus comprising a homogeneous blend of red phosphorus particles with a size of at most about 2 mm, aluminum hydroxide and a further metal hydroxide as oxidation stabilizers, wherein the metal hydroxide is lead hydroxide. The homogeneous blend contains aluminum hydroxide and lead hydroxide in a total proportion of about 0.1 to 6 weight %, based on the quantity of red phosphorus, the aluminum hydroxide and lead hydroxide, calculated as Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 to PbO, being used in a quantitative ratio of about 0.5 to 2.0.

Abstract: The stability of vanadium tetrachloride is improved by the addition of phosphorus trichloride such as phosphorus trichloride. Preferably, the vanadium tetrachloride is provided by the reductive chlorination of vanadium oxychloride in the presence of activated carbon having a sulfur content less than 1% by weight.

Abstract: An acrylic carbon fiber with excellent thermal oxidation resistance, which contains 50 ppm or more of a phosphorus component (as phosphorus) and/or a boron component (as boron) and which contains 100 ppm or more of a zinc component (as zinc) and/or a calcium component (as calcium), and which suffers a fiber weight reduction of about 20% or less upon standing for 3 hours in air at 500.degree. C.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of stabilized dicalcium phosphate dihydrate wherein an aqueous mixture containing dicalcium phosphate dihydrate is treated with a tetra-alkali metal pyrophosphate which comprises(a) adding a stabilizing amountof the tetra-alkali metal pyrophosphate to said aqueous mixture at a pH from about 5.5 to about 6.5 for said mixture; and then(b) adding to the mixture resulting from Step (a) a pharmaceutically acceptable material which increases the hydroxyl ion content in the mixture, in an amount which results in a stabilized dicalcium phosphate dihydrate having a pH from about 6.5 to about 8.0.

Abstract: Alumina slurries (suspensions) can be stabilized against viscosity increases by treating with water which has been heated to temperatures of from about 40.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C., then cooling, decanting the water, and recovering a wet cake. Water is then added to the recovered wet cake alumina to obtain a slurry with a desired alumina content and CO.sub.2 is sparged through the finished slurry. Optionally, hot water saturated with carbon dioxide can be used for the treatment, to extend the stability of the slurry. Peptizing agents can be used as usual.

Abstract: Alumina slurries are stabilized to prevent thickening and gelling by digesting dried alumina powder in hot water for a time sufficient to stabilize the alumina. The digested alumina is then recovered and dispersed in water containing a small amount of peptizing agent. The slurries so prepared have a low rate of thickening and gelling time is greatly extended.

Abstract: Anhydrous sodium carbonate is crystallized from saturated aqueous sodium carbonate solutions at temperatures in the range of 104.degree. to below 109.degree. C. by adding to the solution very small proportions of additives which function to reduce the transition temperature of monohydrate to anhydrous sodium carbonate.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of powdery washing agent compositions by spray-drying compositions containing aqueous suspensions of water-insoluble, calcium-binding aluminosilicates with an improved stability against settling comprising at least 20% by weight of at least one finely-divided, water-insoluble silicate compound having a calcium-binding power of at least 50 mg CaO/gm of anhydrous active substance and having the formula, combined water not shown(M.sub.2/n O).sub.x.multidot. Me.sub.2 O.sub.3.multidot. (SiO.sub.2).sub.ywhere M is a cation of the valence n, exchangeable with calcium, x is a number of from 0.7 to 1.5, Me is aluminum or boron, and y is a number from 0.8 to 6, and at least 0.

Abstract: A plasticized sulfur composition having improved chemical resistance, comprising at least 50% by weight sulfur, a sulfur plasticizer, a mineral suspending agent, and an organosilane stabilizing agent.

Abstract: In the alkaline pulping of cellulose and particularly in the step wherein green liquor is converted to white liquor by causticizing or the addition of calcium hydroxide, it has been found that the addition of any of three specially selected organic phosphonate reagents, namely, nitrilotris(methylenephosphonic acid) (Dequest 2000); 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid (Bayer PBS-AM); and hexamethylenediaminetetrakis(methylenephosphonic acid) (Nalco 7691/Dequest 2051), accelerates the speed of the reaction to the right. These acid compounds and their soluble alkali metal and ammonium salts have proved effective in increasing the acceleration rate to the right of the causticizing reaction and the production of the titratable sodium hydroxideCaO+H.sub.2 O.fwdarw.Ca(OH).sub.2ca(OH).sub.2 +Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3 .fwdarw.2NaOH+CaCO.sub.3 .dwnarw.these additives give up to a 2-4% increase in causticizing conversion to NaOH when applied at 0.

Abstract: Aluminum metal is activated with hydrochloric acid and then reacted with an aqueous solution of sulfur dioxide to produce an aluminum hydrosulfite (dithionite) liquor useful for bleaching materials such as clay. The aluminum hydrosulfite can be converted to a sodium hydrosulfite liquor by precipitating aluminum with a sodium base.

Abstract: Production of stabilized pulverulent red phosphorus. The phosphorus so stabilized comprises a homogeneous blend of red phosphorus particles with a size of at most about 2 mm and a metal compound of the second or third group of the Periodic System as an oxidation stabilizer, wherein the metal compound is the aluminum, calcium or zinc salt of a phosphinic acid of the general formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each stand for an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, the metal compound being present in the homogeneous blend in a proportion of about 0.5 to 5 weight %.

Abstract: A process for stabilizing anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate against reaction with fluorine ions comprising treating an aqueous suspension of anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate at a pH of from 5 to 10 with a cyclic aminophosphonic acid of the formula ##STR1## WHEREIN N IS AN INTEGER FROM 1 TO 3, OR A WATER-SOLUBLE SALT THEREOF, IN AN AMOUNT OF FROM 0.01% TO 5% BY WEIGHT WITH REFERENCE TO THE ANHYDROUS DIBASIC CALCIUM PHOSPHATE; AS WELL AS TOOTH CLEANING PREPARATIONS CONTAINING THE STABILIZED ANHYDROUS DIBASIC CALCIUM PHOSPHATE.

Abstract: A process for preparing stable anhydrous sodium dithionite which comprises reacting formic acid or sodium formate, sodium hydroxide, and sulfurous acid anhydride in hydrous methanol, wherein an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide is added to the slurry after the reaction, and stabilized anhydrous sodium dithionite is separated from the slurry.

Abstract: The storage stability of strong or concentrated, aqueous solutions of cyanamide, even those conventionally stabilized with acid, is enhanced by small amounts of lower alkyl esters of carboxylic acids having preferably a pK.sub.a.sup.25.degree. value of 3.8 or less.

Abstract: This invention relates to cation-exchanging, water-insoluble aluminosilicates containing bound water and an ionic surface-active compound resistant to water hardness formers and having, for every mol of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, from 0.7 to 1.5 mols Cat.sub.2/n O, where Cat is a cation having the valence n, and from 0.8 to 6 mols SiO.sub.2, and being produced by the precipitation of said aluminosilicate in an aqueous solution, wherein said reaction is conducted in the presence of an aqueous solution of said ionic surface-active compound, and optional subsequent crystallization; as well as a process for its preparation and a process for the sequestration of water hardness cations employing said aluminosilicates.

Abstract: A process for stabilizing dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate against hydrolysis comprising treating an aqueous suspension of dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate at a pH of from 5 to 10 with a cyclic aminophosphonic acid of the formula ##STR1## wherein n is an integer from 1 to 3, or a water-soluble salt thereof, in an amount of from 0.01 to 5% by weight with reference to the dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate; as well as tooth cleaning preparations containing the stabilized dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate.

Abstract: A process for stabilizing dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate against hydrolysis comprising treating an aqueous suspension of dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate at a pH of from 5 to 10 with 3-amino-1-hydroxypropane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, or a water-soluble salt thereof, in an amount of from 0.01 to 5% by weight with reference to the dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate; as well as tooth cleaning preparations containing the stabilized dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate.

Abstract: A method of reducing discoloration of alumina which is caused by exposure of said alumina to high temperatures is disclosed. The method comprises adding an effective amount of an inorganic oxidizing agent (e.g. H.sub.2 O.sub.2 or NaOCl) to the alumina prior to exposing it to the high temperature.

Abstract: A process for stabilizing dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate against hydrolysis comprising treating an aqueous suspension of dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate at a pH of from 5 to 10 with an azacycloalkane-2,2-diphosphonic acid of the formula ##STR1## WHEREIN N IS AN INTEGER FROM 3 TO 5, OR A WATER-SOLUBLE SALT THEREOF, IN AN AMOUNT OF FROM 0.01% TO 5% BY WEIGHT WITH REFERENCE TO THE DIBASIC CALCIUM PHOSPHATE DIHYDRATE; AS WELL AS TOOTH CLEANING PREPARATIONS CONTAINING THE STABILIZED DIBASIC CALCIUM PHOSPHATE DIHYDRATE.

Abstract: The invention provides stabilized pulverulent red phosphorus. It comprises a homogeneous blend of red phosphorus particles with a size of at most about 2 mm and a metal compound of the second or third group of the Periodic System as an oxidation stabilizer, wherein the metal compound is the neutral aluminum, magnesium, calcium or zinc salt of orthophosphoric acid, the metal compound being present in the homogeneous blend in a proportion of about 0.5 to 5 weight %.

Abstract: The invention provides stabilized pulverulent red phosphorus. It comprises a homogeneous blend of red phosphorus particles with a size of at most about 2 mm and a metal compound of the second or third group of the Periodic System as an oxidation stabilizer, wherein the metal compound is the aluminum, magnesium, calcium or zinc salt of an alkyl-, cycloalkyl-, aryl- or aralkylphosphonic acid having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, the metal compound being present in the homogeneous blend in a proportion of about 0.5 to 5 weight %.

Abstract: Anhydrous metal dithionite compositions are stabilized by 0.1 to 5% by weight of the composition of one or more of vanillin, ethyl vanillin and benzoin.

Abstract: A process for stabilizing anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate against reaction with fluorine ions comprising treating an aqueous suspension of anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate at a pH of from 5 to 10 with an azacycloalkane-2,2-diphosphonic acid of the formula ##STR1## wherein n is an integer from 3 to 5, or a water-soluble salt thereof, in an amount of from 0.01% to 5% by weight with reference to the anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate; as well as tooth cleaning preparation containing the stabilized anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate.RELATED ARTAnhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate having the formula CaHPO.sub.4 is a polishing substance frequently utilized in tooth cleaning preparations as, for example, toothpastes and powders. For this purpose it may be used alone or in admixture with other polishing substances as, for example, silica gel or plastics cleaning substances.

Abstract: A process for stabilizing anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate against reaction with fluorine ions comprising treating an aqueous suspension of anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate at a pH of from 5 to 10 with 3-amino-1-hydroxypropane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, or a water-soluble salt thereof, in an amount of from 0.01% to 5% by weight with reference to the anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate; as well as tooth cleaning preparations containing the stabilized anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate.

Abstract: Aqueous solutions containing mixtures of sodium dithionite and sodium sulfite having concentrations of greater than 13 percent by weight of Na.sub.2 S.sub.2 O.sub.4 are stabilized by adding potassium hydroxide in an amount which is sufficient to provide a residual of from about 1 to about 12 grams per liter of solution. These solutions can be stored at temperatures of from about 0.degree. to about 15.degree. C. without crystallization taking place.

Abstract: The invention provides stabilized pulverulent red phosphorus. It comprises a homogeneous blend of red phosphorus particles with a size of at most about 2 mm and a metal compound of the second or third group of the Periodic System as an oxidation stabilizer, wherein the metal compound is the aluminum, magnesium, calcium or zinc salt of an acid orthophosphoric acid ester of a long chain aliphatic alcohol, which may be ethoxylated, or phenol, the metal compound being present in the homogeneous blend in a proportion of about 0.25 to 5 weight %.

Abstract: Dihalophosphazene polymers are solubilized and stabilized whereby their tendency for gelatin or crosslinking is inhibited or overcome, by the addition of oxygen containing organic compounds such as alcohols, ketones, esters, ethers, or polyethers to hydrocarbon solvents for the polymer.

Abstract: Aqueous suspensions of water-insoluble, calcium-binding aluminosilicates with an improved stability against settling comprising at least 20% by weight of at least one finely-divided, water-insoluble silicate compound having a calcium-binding power of at least 50 mg CaO/gm of anhydrous active substance and having the formula, combined water not shown(M.sub.2/n O).sub.x . Me.sub.2 O.sub.3 . (SiO.sub.2).sub.ywhere M is a cation of the valence n, exchangeable with calcium, x is a number of from 0.7 to 1.5, Me is aluminum or boron, and y is a number from 0.8 to 6, and at least 0.5% by weight of at least one organic dispersing agent as follows:(1) an organic, macromolecular polymer with carboxyl and/or hydroxyl groups,(2) an organic phosphonic acid with at least one additional phosphonic or carboxylic acid group,(3) an alkyl acid phosphate having 3 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl(4) a nonionic surface-active compound with a turbidity point in aqueous butoxyethoxyethanol according to DIN 53917 of below 90.degree. C.

Abstract: An aqueous hypochlorite solution containing a stabilizing amount of periodate ions, preferably an amount in the range 0.05 to 1000 parts per million (ppm) by weight based on the volume of the solution, the solution optionally containing silicate ions.

Abstract: Aqueous solutions of R zirconium carbonate in which R is selected from ammonium and potassium have a carbonate: zirconium molar ratio not greater than 2.05 and can impart thixotropic properties to aqueous dispersions of polymers and copolymers, such as emulsion paint. The solutions may be prepared by reacting zirconium basic carbonate with ammonium or potassium carbonate solution and have a good storage stability, especially at high concentrations. They may be stabilized further by the addition of an acid selected from tartaric and gluconic acid.

Abstract: Improved-strength particulate ammonium nitrate containing minor amounts of ferric phosphate is produced by forming the ferric phosphate in situ in aqueous or molten ammonium nitrate from a ferric salt and phosphoric acid. Further improvement in strength is obtained by additionally incorporating minor amounts of calcium sulfate.

Abstract: Novel compositions comprising calcium hypochlorite and a hydrazide of a monocarboxylic acid containing from about 10 to about 24 carbon atoms have been produced. The compositions provide accurately controlled concentrations of available chlorine to bodies of water such as swimming pools by reducing the solubility of the calcium hypochlorite.