Abstract: A material for cement which comprises a calcium salt powder with an inositol phosphate and/or a salt thereof as adsorbed on the surface thereof, the powder having a specific surface area of 60-120 m2/g. A method of producing a material for cement comprises the step of mixing a calcium ion-containing solution adjusted to alkalinity with a phosphate ion-containing solution to produce a precipitate, the step of maturing the precipitate-containing system while maintaining the alkalinity to obtain a calcium salt powder, the step of recovering the calcium salt powder and drying the same, and the step of immersing the dried calcium salt powder in a solution containing an inositol phosphate and/or a salt thereof to cause the inositol phosphate and/or salt thereof to be adsorbed on the surface of the calcium salt powder.

Abstract: A method is provided for making inexpensive synthetic inorganic resins that are stable, mix easily with water and may be conveniently diluted to form an easy-to-use paste for commercial applications. The method uses environmentally friendly techniques to provide improved efficiencies in the commercial production of these resins. The resins are produced by the partial reaction of phosphoric acid with sparsely-soluble oxides, or sparsely-soluble oxide minerals, that are added to the phosphoric acid under controlled conditions. In certain specific embodiments, methods are provided for modifying synthetic inorganic resins so as to produce rapid-setting phosphate cements and ceramics having high flexural strength. Unique synthetic inorganic resin formulations are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention provides organic/inorganic composite biomaterials constituted by composites of hydroxyapatite and collagen and having an average fiber length of 60 ?m or longer, and a process for producing the same in which the calcium ion and phosphate ion concentrations in the reaction vessel are optimized through regulation of the concentration of a starting material and the flow rate. The organic/inorganic composite biomaterials have mechanical strength and a biodegradation rate suitable for artificial bones through the introduction of crosslinking therein.

Abstract: A ceramic particle group dispersed in a solvent in a state of primary particles of single crystal, a method for production thereof and a use thereof are disclosed. In one embodiment a method is disclosed for producing a sintered particle (ceramic particle) group of hydroxyapatite (HAp), which includes a step of subjecting a system wherein calcium carbonate is present between primary particles of hydroxyapatite (HAp) to sintering and then dissolving calcium carbonate with water to remove calcium carbonate. A hydroxyapatite (HAp) sintered particle group produced by the above method is a nanometer size particle group having a particle diameter of about 70 to about 120 nm, and is a particle group having a uniform particle diameter (coefficient of variation: 12%), and further 96% of the particle group is dispersed as a single crystal particle.

Abstract: A c-axis-oriented HAP thin film synthesized by seeded growth on a palladium hydrogen membrane substrate. An exemplary synthetic process includes electrochemical seeding on the substrate, and secondary and tertiary hydrothermal treatments under conditions that favor growth along c-axes and a-axes in sequence. By adjusting corresponding synthetic conditions, an HAP this film can be grown to a controllable thickness with a dense coverage on the underlying substrate. The thin films have relatively high proton conductivity under hydrogen atmosphere and high temperature conditions. The c-axis oriented films may be integrated into fuel cells for application in the intermediate temperature range of 200-600° C. The electrochemical-hydrothermal deposition technique may be applied to create other oriented crystal materials having optimized properties, useful for separations and catalysis as well as electronic and electrochemical applications, electrochemical membrane reactors, and in chemical sensors.

Abstract: The invention offers a calculation method and program capable of performing line-by-line calculations using a Voigt function at speeds of 50-100 times what is conventional. The Voigt function is divided into a first range around the peak and a skirt portion not contained in the first range. The first range is replaced by a cubic function, and the skirt portion is taken as the Voigt function to perform calculations in predetermined ranges of equal intervals. Furthermore, the peak area of the first range is replaced by a cubic function, and the skirt portion is taken as a function representing the difference between the Voigt function and the cubic function to perform calculations in second predetermined intervals smaller than the aforementioned first predetermined intervals. This is repeated until the desired level of precision is reached. Additionally, interpolation is performed by dividing these predetermined intervals into four or five parts.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of using the compositions are provided for forming an embolus within a region of an anatomical lumen for a transitory period in order to achieve a therapeutic effect.

Abstract: Method of producing calcium phosphate particles, such as hydroxyapatite particles, in the form of a powder or coating on a solid support comprising an oxide surface or a polymer surface, such as titanium, titanium alloys, stainless steel, zirconia, glass and poly(styrene), poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK), and poly(imide) is described. The method comprises I) providing a water solution containing calcium ions and water-soluble organic compound(s) comprising at least two functional groups, II) providing another water solution containing phosphate ions and water-soluble organic compound(s) comprising at least two functional groups, followed by III) mixing the solutions of (I) and (II) to create calcium phosphate particles coated with said water-soluble organic compounds. After washing and drying, the coated particles may be used as scaffolds or for production of a powder of calcium phosphate particles or crystals.

Abstract: The invention is a silicon substituted oxyapatite compound (Si-OAp) for use as a synthetic bone biomaterial either used alone or in biomaterial compositions. The silicon substituted oxyapatite compound has the formula Ca5(PO4)3-x(SiO4)xO(1-x)/2, where 0<x<1.0.

Abstract: Methods for the synthesis of tricalcium phosphates are presented, as well as a series of specific reaction parameters that can be adjusted to tailor, in specific ways, properties in the tricalcium phosphate precursor precipitate. Particulate tricalcium phosphate compositions having an average crystal size of about 250 nm or less are provided. Compositions of the invention can be used as prosthetic implants and coatings for prosthetic implants.

Abstract: Hydroxyapatite (HA)-binding peptides are selected using combinatorial phage library display. Pseudo-repetitive consensus amino acid sequences possessing periodic hydroxyl side chains in every two or three amino acid sequences are obtained. These sequences resemble the (Gly-Pro-Hyp)x repeat of human type I collagen, a major component of extracellular matrices of natural bone. A consistent presence of basic amino acid residues is also observed. The peptides are synthesized by the solid-phase synthetic method and then used for template-driven HA-mineralization. Microscopy reveal that the peptides template the growth of polycrystalline HA crystals ˜40 nm in size.

Abstract: There is disclosed a bone substitute material for medical use which satisfies all the requirements of (1) no histotoxicity, (2) osteoconductivity, (3) bone replacement capability, and (4) mechanical strength necessary for a bone reconstruction operation. The bone substitute material for medical use is predominantly composed of carbonate apatite and produced through the formation of carbonate apatite by contacting a block of calcium compound with a phosphate-containing solution, wherein the calcium compound block contains substantially no powders, and at least one of said calcium compound block and said phosphate solution contains a carbonate group, without any sintering. The block of calcium compound is preferably one prepared using an artificially synthesized calcium compound, most preferably a foamed calcium compound.

Abstract: A ceramic powder of non-agglomerated non-aggregated phase-pure hydroxyapatite having a controllable morphology. Also presented is a film of phasepure crystalline hydroxyapatite grains having a controllable morphology. Methods for preparing the same are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to provide a catalyst which is for synthesizing butanol from ethanol at a high selectivity and which comprises strontium phosphate apatite having the Sr/P atomic ratio of 1.5-2.0, and the synthesis method.

Abstract: A solid free-flowing particulate fertilizer composition is provided, as well as a method of manufacturing same. The composition has low tendency to caking, is easy for storage and manipulation, dissolves rapidly and completely in water, and can be used directly as a fertilizer or serves in the preparation of concentrated aqueous fertilizer compositions comprising otherwise scarcely soluble nutrients.

Abstract: A method for growing crystals in solution is suitable for the rapid, controlled and effective preparation of crystals of large dimensions from a solution supersaturated with a compound. The crystal growth is carried out under static conditions. To do this: the growth is performed in a crystallisation chamber kept at a constant temperature Tc, which chamber is in fluid communication with a saturation chamber at a temperature Ts, similarly constant and different from Tc, with solubility of the compound at the temperature Ts greater than the solubility of the compound at the temperature Tc. A continuous circulation of the solution between the crystallisation and saturation chambers is established, thus maintaining a constant supersaturation rate within the crystallisation chamber. Furthermore, the circulating solution is subjected to a treatment for eliminating and inhibiting the formation of aggregates, enabling the nucleation of parasitic crystallites to be inhibited.

Abstract: Discloses are stabilized calcium pyrophosphate nanotubes, a process for making calcium pyrophosphate nanotubes comprising agitating at less than 2 OkHz an aqueous suspension of a calcium and a phosphate for a time sufficient to precipitate said inorganic calcium pyrophosphate nanotubes, and uses thereof.

Abstract: A c-axis-oriented HAP thin film synthesized by seeded growth on a palladium hydrogen membrane substrate. An exemplary synthetic process includes electrochemical seeding on the substrate, and secondary and tertiary hydrothermal treatments under conditions that favor growth along c-axes and a-axes in sequence. By adjusting corresponding synthetic conditions, an HAP this film can be grown to a controllable thickness with a dense coverage on the underlying substrate. The thin films have relatively high proton conductivity under hydrogen atmosphere and high temperature conditions. The c-axis oriented films may be integrated into fuel cells for application in the intermediate temperature range of 200-600° C. The electrochemical-hydrothermal deposition technique may be applied to create other oriented crystal materials having optimized properties, useful for separations and catalysis as well as electronic and electrochemical applications, electrochemical membrane reactors, and in chemical sensors.

Abstract: Provided here is a method of producing a monolithic body from a porous matrix, comprising: (i) providing a porous matrix having interstitial spaces and comprising at least a first reactant; (ii) contacting the porous matrix with an infiltrating medium that carries at least a second reactant; (iii) allowing the infiltrating medium to infiltrate at least a portion of the interstitial spaces of the porous matrix under conditions that promote a reaction between the at least first reactant and the at least second reactant to provide at least a first product; and (iv) allowing the at least first product to form and fill at least a portion of the interstitial spaces of the porous matrix, thereby producing a monolithic body, wherein the monolithic body does not comprise barium titanate.

Abstract: Solid acid/surface-hydrogen-containing secondary component electrolyte composites, methods of synthesizing such materials, electrochemical device incorporating such materials, and uses of such materials in fuel cells, membrane reactors and hydrogen separations are provided. The stable electrolyte composite material comprises a solid acid component capable of undergoing rotational disorder of oxyanion groups and capable of extended operation at a wide temperature range and a secondary compound with surface hydrogen atoms, which when intimately mixed, results in a composite material with improved conductivity, mechanical and thermal properties, when compared to pure solid acid compound.

Abstract: In an adsorbent of the present invention, at least a surface and its vicinity thereof is composed of an apatite represented by the formula Ca10(PO4)6((OH)1-xAx)2, where A represents a halogen element and 0?x?1, and a phosphate group contained in the apatite is bonded to a trivalent metal ion. Further, preferably, the trivalent metal ion is Fe3+. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an adsorbent capable of specifically adsorbing an object compound, an adsorption apparatus capable of separating and purifying the object compound easily and reliably, and a method capable of manufacturing such an adsorption apparatus easily in a short time.

Abstract: Zirconium phosphate particles are synthesized by providing a solution of zirconium oxychloride in an aqueous solvent, adding at least one oxygen-containing additive to the solution, the oxygen-containing additive being selected to form a complex with zirconium ions in the solution of zirconium oxychloride and thereby reduce hydration of the zirconium ions, and combining this solution with phosphoric acid or a phosphoric acid salt to obtain zirconium phosphate particles by sol gel precipitation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a synthetic non-resorbable silicon-containing calcium phosphate biomaterial having a microporosity of 23% by volume or greater, wherein the surface free energy of the biomaterial is 19 mJ/m

Abstract: Methods are provided for producing porous ?-Tricalcium Phosphate (?-TCP). In the subject methods, ?-TCP is combined with graphite to produce an intermediate greenware product. The intermediate greenware product is then sintered to produce porous ?-TCP. The subject methods and compositions produced thereby find use in a variety of applications.

Abstract: Methods for extracting molecules of fulvic acid from a humus material such as oxidized lignite are disclosed. The humus material is mixed with water to solubilize at least some of the fulvic acid molecules. A first filtration apparatus (which may be an ultrafiltration apparatus) may be used to separate at least some of the solubilized fulvic acid molecules from the humin and at least some of the humic acid molecules. A second filtration apparatus (which may be an ultrafiltration apparatus or a nanfiltration apparatus) may be used to then separate the fulvic acid molecules from most of the water and any remaining impurities. A digestion step may also be carried out where microorganisms are brought into contact with the mixture in the presence of oxygen in order to oxidize any unoxidized organic compounds in the humus material. Iron and aluminum may be precipitated and removed by the addition of a phosphate to improve the purity of the end-product.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods directed toward the synthesis of ordered structures of hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite derivatives. More specifically, disclosed herein is a method of preparing ordered hydroxyapatite nanorod structures including the steps of suspending calcium and phosphate in a solvent, adjusting the pH to above 5, and heating to a temperature sufficient to support formation of the ordered hydroxyapatite nanorod structures. In some cases, the methods may include ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid or ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid derivatives. Also disclosed are methods that additionally involve a step of coating hydroxyapatite nanorods with a protein or an amphiphile such as a surfactant or polymer.

Abstract: Described is a method for the production of metal salts, wherein the cationic metal is preferably selected from Group I to IV metals and mixtures thereof and the anionic group is selected from phosphates, silicates, sulfates, carbonates, hydroxides, fluorides and mixtures thereof, and wherein said method comprises forming a mixture of at least one metal source that is a metal carboxylate with a mean carbon value per carboxylate group of at least 3 and at least one anion source into droplets and oxiding said droplets in a high temperature environment, preferably a flame. This method is especially suited for the production of calcium phosphate biomaterials such as hydroxyapatite (HAp,Cal0(P04)6(OH)2) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP,Ca3(P04)2) that exhibit excellent biocompatibility and osteoconductivity and therefore are widely used for reparation of bony or periodontal defects, coating of metallic implants and bone space fillers.

Abstract: Highly dispersible inorganic compound nanoparticles modified by functional molecules include the functional molecules; a high molecular nitrogen compound having at least two amino groups selected from primary amino groups, secondary amino groups and tertiary amino groups; and inorganic compound nanoparticles bonded to at least one amino group of the at least two amino groups. The high molecular nitrogen compound is modified by the functional molecules, and the inorganic compound nanoparticles are covered with the high molecular nitrogen compound modified by the functional molecules.

Abstract: The present invention is related to methods for preparing composite materials, which include nanoscale hydroxyapatite, and the composite materials and articles prepared therewith.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a composition, for augmentation and regeneration of living tissue in a subject, comprising a population of porous microparticles of a biodegradable polymer, one or more mammalian cell populations, and optionally, a biocompatible adhesive.

Abstract: Calcium peroxyphosphate compounds and dental compositions comprising these compounds that combine both whitening/stain removal of teeth with remineralization are disclosed. The calcium peroxyphosphate compounds are capable of releasing, in an aqueous environment, whitening and remineralization effective amounts of calcium ion, phosphate ion, and active oxygen. Preferred compounds are calcium peroxymonophosphate or calcium diperoxymonophosphate compounds. These compounds may be used in humans and other animals, including other mammals.

Abstract: A method of producing powder by using a first liquid and a second liquid to be mixed with the first liquid, the first liquid containing a first raw material and the second liquid containing a second raw material. The method comprises: mixing the first liquid and the second liquid to obtain a mixture; stirring the mixture for reacting the first raw material and the second raw material to thereby obtain a synthetic material and a slurry containing aggregates of the synthetic material; and drying the slurry to obtain powder of the synthetic material. In the mixing the first liquid and the second liquid, particle strength of the powder is adjusted by setting an initial temperature of mixing the first liquid with the second liquid.

Abstract: The present invention provides fertilizer compositions comprising calcium and magnesium phosphates together with alkali metal double phosphates, and process for their preparation. The solid composition is freely flowing and well soluble.

Abstract: A product controlling dissolving rate of biomedical orthopedic implant material and a process of manufacturing the same are disclosed. At constant temperature and humidity and under vacuum, treatment solution is forced to diffuse to the material to form a second phase as a means of controlling the dissolving rate. Different treatment solution can form the phases having different structures from that of matrix. The inventive product has a structure of laminate concentric circle. The second phase and the structure of laminate concentric circle are used as ways for medicine release.

Abstract: The present invention provides an anti-allergen agent that has excellent heat resistance, low coloration, excellent processability, and excellent water resistance, an anti-allergen product, and a method for processing same. The anti-allergen agent of the present invention comprises as an active ingredient an inorganic solid acid, and the inorganic solid acid preferably has an acid strength as pKa of 4.0 or less. Furthermore, it preferably further comprises a polyphenol compound, and in this case it preferably comprises the inorganic solid acid at 5 to 90 wt % relative to the total amount of the inorganic solid acid and the polyphenol compound.

Abstract: Provided is a method for production of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite particles, and nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite particles produced according to the method. The nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite particles exhibit substantially superior cell transformation abilities as compared to known and commercially-available calcium phosphate kits. The nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite particles also find use in tissue engineering applications, for example bone and tooth engineering and repair applications.

Abstract: A method for producing an adsorbent which is stable toward a liquid such as an eluant and which shows excellent reproducibility in selectively adsorbing and separating an object compound, the method includes the steps of: preparing a base material having a surface, in which at least part of the surface of the base material is formed of a material containing as its major component apatite which is represented by the composition formula Ca10(PO4)6((OH)1-aXa)2; preparing a solution containing ions of at least one metal element; substituting at least part of Ca of the apatite by the at least one metal element by bringing the base material into contact with the solution to obtain a substituted base material; and subjecting the substituted base material to heat treatment at 50 to 400° C. for 0.5 to 10 hours, wherein the base material and the substituted base material are not exposed to a temperature exceeding 500° C. for 4 hours or longer from the substitution step to the completion of production of the adsorbent.

Abstract: An inorganic silicate-substituted calcium phosphate hydroxyapatite, useful as a biomaterial, has a Ca/P molar ratio in the range 2.05 to 2.55 and a Ca/(P+Si) molar ratio less than 1.66. The hydroxyapatite can be substantially free of carbonate ions. The material has relatively high solubility and is able to release silicon into solution.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing hydroxyapatite nanorods, having high purity, high crystallinity and high aspect ratio is disclosed here. In one embodiment, high crystalline hydroxyapatite nanorods with relatively stoichiometric structure are prepared via hydrothermal method at 200° C. and under moderate acidic conditions. The synthesized hydroxyapatite nanorods have a diameter of 30-95 nm, a length of 850-1400 nm with an average aspect ratio of 24, degree of crystallinity of 73% and stoichiometry ratio of 1.69. Further it discloses the use of HAp in dental adhesive. The dental adhesive comprising synthesized HAp shows improved diametral tensile strength and high microshear bond strength. Energy dispersive X-ray mapping confirmed the uniform distribution of nanorods in the adhesive matrix. The synthesized hydroxyapatite nanorods have high colloidal stability in the dental adhesive solution.

Abstract: The invention concerns calcium phosphates in granular form having an x-ray diffraction pattern characteristic of hydroxyapatite and good compressibility and flow properties in direct compression applications. The invention also concerns the method for preparing said granules characterized in that it comprises processing a suspension of brushite dicalcium phosphate having a certain particle-size distribution using a basic solution, and maintaining the pH at not less than 7.0 for a sufficient time interval to enable the transformation of the brushite calcium phosphate into hydroxyapatite calcium phosphate.

Abstract: It is intended to provide a remineralization promoter for tooth enamel and a composition for an oral cavity, which can highly effectively promote the remineralization of tooth enamel and strongly inhibit dental caries. The remineralization promoter for tooth enamel and the composition for an oral cavity are characterized by containing amorphous hydroxyapatite and/or amorphized hydroxyapatite showing two peaks at 2?=31 to 35° in X-ray diffraction. The amorphized hydroxyapatite is obtained by reacting calcium salt with phosphate in an aqueous solution and drying the reaction solution at a temperature of 10 to 70° C.

Abstract: A method of preparing a phosphoric acid salt which includes at least one attack on phosphate ore by an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid, with the formation of an attack liquor, a first separation, in the attack liquor, between an insoluble solid phase and an aqueous phase, a neutralization of the separated aqueous phase by the addition of a calcium compound in order to form, with phosphate ions contained in this aqueous phase, a calcium phosphate insoluble in water, which precipitates, and a second separation, in the neutralized aqueous phase, between a liquid phase and a precipitated solid phase based on the calcium phosphate insoluble in water, wherein the attack on the phosphate ore includes dissolving the phosphate in the ore, the attack liquor containing this phosphate in the form of phosphate ions, and the solid phase separated from the attack liquor contains impurities and the aqueous phase separated from the attack liquor contains the phosphate ions thereof, chloride ions and calcium ions, this a

Abstract: A method for fabricating a substitute component for bone, including the processes of: provision of a chemical spray including at least three of calcium chloride, hydrogen phosphate, hydrogen carbonate and water to form a combined solution; reaction and precipitation of the combined solution onto a substrate; allowing the precipitated particles to form a porous structure on the substrate; applying substantially isostatic pressure to the porous structure to form a compressed structure; and (optional) providing one or more through-holes in the compressed structure to promote osteoinduction.

Abstract: By using phosphorus compounds, diesters of dicarbonic acid may be stabilized against thermal and chemical decomposition over a relatively long period. Mixtures of diesters of dicarbonic acid and phosphorus compounds are outstandingly suitable for preserving foods.

Abstract: The method relates to the production of essentially pyrogene-free calcium phosphate starting from one or more calcium phosphate educts having a Ca/P molar ratio in the range of 1.00 to 2.00 and being formed in a pre-determined shape which remains essentially the same during the following procedural steps: A) transforming said educt(s) at least partly to beta-tricalcium phosphate (?-TCP), alpha-tricalcium phosphate (?-TCP), tetracalciumphosphate.(TetCP) or a mixture thereof at a temperature above 600° C.; B) cooling down the material obtained in step A with said ?-TCP, ?-TCP, TetCP or a mixture thereof to below 600° C.; C) reacting the material obtained in step B with said ?-TCP, ?-TCP, TetCP or a mixture thereof with water in gas or liquid phase or in an aqueous Solution at a temperature above room temperature to obtain an end-product which is essentially pyrogene-free.

Abstract: Nano-particles of calcium and phosphorous compounds are made in a highly pure generally amorphous state by spray drying a weak acid solution of said compound and evaporating the liquid from the atomized spray in a heated column followed by collection of the precipitated particles. Hydroxyapatite (HA) particles formed by such apparatus and methods are examples of particle manufacture useful in bone and dental therapies. Dual nozzle spraying techniques are utilized for generally insoluble compounds.

Abstract: The present invention is related to methods for preparing composite materials, which include nanoscale hydroxyapatite, and the composite materials and articles prepared therewith.

Abstract: A process for preparing hydroxylapatite from a calcium carbonate-containing algae comprising the steps of: (a) converting at least some of the calcium carbonate in the algae to calcium oxide without changing the porosity of the algae; and (b) reacting the so-formed material of step (a) with phosphate ions in water.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a synthetic biomaterial compound based on stabilized calcium phosphates and more particularly to the molecular, structural and physical characterization of this compound. The compound comprises calcium, oxygen and phosphorous, wherein at least one of the elements is substituted with an element having an ionic radius of approximately 0.1 to 1.1 ?. The knowledge of the specific molecular and chemical properties of the compound allows for the development of several uses of the compound in various bone-related clinical conditions.

Abstract: Methods for synthesis of nanocrystalline apatites are presented, as well as a series of specific reaction parameters that can be adjusted to tailor, in specific ways, properties in the recovered product. Particulate apatite compositions having average crystal size of less than 150 nm are provided. Products also can have a surface area of at least 40 m2/g and can be of high density. Hydroxyapatite material is investigated in particular detail. Compositions of the invention can be used as prosthetic implants and coatings for prosthetic implants.