By Heat Treating Silica And The Alkali Metal Patents (Class 423/334)
  • Patent number: 11807567
    Abstract: The invention relates to a glass production method comprising the production of a glass precursor mixture for a glass furnace, in which water, sand and sodium carbonate are mixed in weight proportions of between 0 and 5%, 40 and 65%, and greater than 0 and at most 25% respectively, and, after at least 10 minutes, calcium oxide is added in a weight proportion of between 1 and 20% of the total. The invention relates to a method for producing glass using a mixture containing, in particular, calcium oxide, and a glass melting furnace, said method and furnace using a burner with a flame directed at the glass batch.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 29, 2018
    Date of Patent: November 7, 2023
    Assignee: ARC FRANCE
    Inventors: Herve Charles, Jean-Marie Bonningues, Sebastien Donze, Francois Famchon, Xavier Ibled
  • Patent number: 10780414
    Abstract: A method of preparing an adsorbent for removing siloxane, in which the method includes mixing a silica particle and an OH compound to bond OH functional groups to the silica particle; measuring percentage by weight of OH bonded to the silica particle; calculating a bonding number and spacing of the OH functional groups by the percentage by weight of OH bonded to the silica particle; performing an evaluation of an adsorption rate and desorption rate of the silica particle to which the OH functional groups, of which the bonding number and spacing are calculated, are bonded; and adjusting the bonding number of the OH functional groups in the silica particle according to the evaluation.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 22, 2018
    Date of Patent: September 22, 2020
    Assignee: Korea Institute of Science and Technology
    Inventors: Jong-soo Jurng, Hyoun-duk Jung, Young-haeng Lee
  • Patent number: 8621889
    Abstract: The invention relates to a process for manufacturing compounds based on one or more silicates of alkali metals and/or of alkaline-earth metals, optionally in the form of mixed silicates that combine at least two of these elements, said process involving: (i) preferably a conversion reaction (1) in which halides of said alkali metals and/or of said rare earths and/or of said alkaline-earth metals are converted into the corresponding sulfates; (iii) a conversion reaction (2) in which said sulfates together with silica are converted into the corresponding silicates, the heat supply needed for this conversion being provided, at least in part, by a combustion reaction (3) using a submerged burner or a plurality of submerged burners.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 29, 2008
    Date of Patent: January 7, 2014
    Assignee: Saint-Gobain Glass France
    Inventors: Pierre Jeanvoine, Arnaud Le Verge
  • Patent number: 8512664
    Abstract: A method is provided for treating silica sand scrubs (SSS) generated and accumulated as waste in the chloride manufacturing process of titanium dioxide pigment. A hydrothermal process is used to produce sodium silicate solutions of modulus 3.0 to 3.8, and precipitated silicas. In some embodiments, the process uses two specific principal reaction stages. A sodium silicate solution having a low SiO2:Na2O molar ratio, in the range from 2.0 to 2.8, is first produced by reaction of the SSS, as a cost-effective SiO2 source, with aqueous caustic soda. The conversion of this intermediate sodium silicate solution of low modulus to a high SiO2:Na2O molar ratio is made possible by using a SiO2 source that is prepared as precipitated amorphous silica from the intermediate sodium silicate solution produced above.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 16, 2012
    Date of Patent: August 20, 2013
    Assignee: The National Titanium Dioxide Co. Ltd. (CRISTAL)
    Inventors: Fadi Mohammed Saeed Trabzuni, Hassan Moenes El Dekki, Chathangat Cheroolil Gopalkrishnan
  • Patent number: 8460453
    Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing clear aqueous solutions of silicates, remaining stable at 20° C. on storage for at least 6 months, containing 20% to 40% by weight SiO2, 10% to 20% by weight M2O, where M is a cation from the group consisting of Li+, Na+, K+ and NY4+ and Y is an alkyl or alkenyl radical having 1 to 6 C atoms, 0.5% to 6% by weight Al2O3 and 100% by weight water, by introducing an aqueous solution of a silicate of the general formula M2O x nSiO2, in which M is a cation from the group consisting of Li+, Na+, K+ and NY4+, and where Y is an alkyl or alkenyl radical having 1 to 6 C atoms, and n is a number in the range from 1 to 5, and metering in an aluminium compound in such a way that the viscosity of the reaction mixture remains below 10 000 mPas, and the reaction being carried out in a temperature range from 20 to 140° C.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 28, 2010
    Date of Patent: June 11, 2013
    Assignee: Cognis IP Management GmbH
    Inventor: Ralf Bohlander
  • Publication number: 20130052544
    Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a cathode active material which contains small-particle sized and low-crystalline lithium transition metal silicate and which undergoes charge-discharge reaction at room temperature. The cathode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery is characterized by containing a lithium transition metal silicate and exhibits diffraction peaks having half widths of 0.175 to 0.6°, the peaks observed through powder X-ray diffractometry within a 2? range of 5 to 50°.
    Type: Application
    Filed: August 30, 2012
    Publication date: February 28, 2013
    Applicants: THE FURUKAWA BATTERY CO., LTD, FURUKAWA ELECTRIC CO., LTD.
    Inventors: Michio OHKUBO, Michihiro SHIMADA, Naoki UNO, Yosuke HIRAYAMA, Toshio TANI, Hidetoshi ABE, Miyu AITA
  • Patent number: 8287833
    Abstract: A method is provided for treating silica sand scrubs (SSS) generated and accumulated as waste in the chloride manufacturing process of titanium dioxide pigment. A hydrothermal process is used to produce sodium silicate solutions of modulus 3.0 to 3.8, and precipitated silicas. In some embodiments, the process uses two specific principal reaction stages. A sodium silicate solution having a low SiO2:Na2O molar ratio, in the range from 2.0 to 2.8, is first produced by reaction of the SSS, as a cost-effective SiO2 source, with aqueous caustic soda. The conversion of this intermediate sodium silicate solution of low modulus to a high SiO2:Na2O molar ratio is made possible by using a SiO2 source that is prepared as precipitated amorphous silica from the intermediate sodium silicate solution produced above.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 21, 2011
    Date of Patent: October 16, 2012
    Assignee: The National Titanium Dioxide Co. Ltd. (CRISTAL)
    Inventors: Fadi Mohammed Saeed Trabzuni, Hassan Moenes El Dekki, Chathangat Cheroolil Gopalkrishnan
  • Patent number: 8057770
    Abstract: A method is provided for treating silica sand scrubs (SSS) generated and accumulated as waste in the chloride manufacturing process of titanium dioxide pigment. A hydrothermal process is used to produce sodium silicate solutions of modulus 3.0 to 3.8, and precipitated silicas. In some embodiments, the process uses two specific principal reaction stages. A sodium silicate solution having a low SiO2:Na2O molar ratio, in the range from 2.0 to 2.8, is first produced by reaction of the SSS, as a cost-effective SiO2 source, with aqueous caustic soda. The conversion of this intermediate sodium silicate solution of low modulus to a high SiO2:Na2O molar ratio is made possible by using a SiO2 source that is prepared as precipitated amorphous silica from the intermediate sodium silicate solution produced above.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 28, 2009
    Date of Patent: November 15, 2011
    Assignee: The National Titanium Dioxide Co., Ltd. (CRISTAL)
    Inventors: Fadi Mohammed Saeed Trabzuni, Hassan Moenes El Dekki, Chathangat Cheroolil Gopalkrishnan
  • Publication number: 20110268640
    Abstract: Described is a process for the preparation of a crystallised lamellar solid formed by magadiite consisting of implementing in a step (i) mixing of at least one silica source, at least one salt of N,N,N?,N?-tetramethyl-N,N?-dibenzyloctanediammonium, at least one alkali and/or alkaline earth metal M and water and then implementing in a step (ii) hydrothermal treatment of said mixture until said crystallised lamellar solid constituted by magadiite is formed.
    Type: Application
    Filed: July 7, 2011
    Publication date: November 3, 2011
    Inventors: Emmanuelle GUILLON, Nicolas Bats, Antoine Fecant
  • Patent number: 7691355
    Abstract: Described is a process for the preparation of a crystallised lamellar solid formed by magadiite consisting of implementing in a step (i) mixing of at least one silica source, at least one salt of N,N,N?,N?-tetramethyl-N,N?-dibenzyloctanediammonium, at least one alkali and/or alkaline earth metal M and water and then implementing in a step (ii) hydrothermal treatment of said mixture until said crystallised lamellar solid constituted by magadiite is formed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 14, 2007
    Date of Patent: April 6, 2010
    Assignee: Institut Francais du Petrole
    Inventors: Emmanuelle Guillon, Nicolas Bats, Antoine Fecant
  • Patent number: 7622097
    Abstract: A method is provided for treating silica sand scrubs (SSS) generated and accumulated as waste in the chloride manufacturing process of titanium dioxide pigment. A hydrothermal process is used to produce sodium silicate solutions of modulus 3.0 to 3.8, and precipitated silicas. In some embodiments, the process uses two specific principal reaction stages. A sodium silicate solution having a low SiO2:Na2O molar ratio, in the range from 2.0 to 2.8, is first produced by reaction of the SSS, as a cost-effective SiO2 source, with aqueous caustic soda. The conversion of this intermediate sodium silicate solution of low modulus to a high SiO2:Na2O molar ratio is made possible by using a SiO2 source that is prepared as precipitated amorphous silica from the intermediate sodium silicate solution produced above.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 20, 2007
    Date of Patent: November 24, 2009
    Assignee: The National Titanium Bioxide Co., Ltd. (CRISTAL)
    Inventors: Fadi Mohammed Saeed Trabzuni, Hassan Moenes El Dekki, Chathangat Cheroolil Gopalkrishnan
  • Patent number: 7538068
    Abstract: A carbon dioxide gas absorbent includes a porous body containing a lithium complex oxide. The porous body includes pores having a pore diameter distribution such that main pores which consist of first pores with a diameter of 10 to 100 ?m and second pores with a diameter larger than 100 ?m and 500 ?m or smaller occupy 80 to 100%, third pores with a diameter smaller than 10 ?m occupy 0 to 10% and fourth pores with a diameter larger than 500 ?m occupy 0 to 10%, the main pores have a pore diameter distribution such that the first pores occupy 15 to 85% and second pores occupy 15 to 85%.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 16, 2006
    Date of Patent: May 26, 2009
    Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba
    Inventors: Masahiro Kato, Toshihiro Imada, Kenji Essaki
  • Publication number: 20090042709
    Abstract: The invention relates to a process for manufacturing compounds based on one or more silicates of alkali metals and/or of alkaline-earth metals, optionally in the form of mixed silicates that combine at least two of these elements, said process involving: (i) preferably a conversion reaction (1) in which halides of said alkali metals and/or of said rare earths and/or of said alkaline-earth metals are converted into the corresponding sulfates; (iii) a conversion reaction (2) in which said sulfates together with silica are converted into the corresponding silicates, the heat supply needed for this conversion being provided, at least in part, by a combustion reaction (3) using a submerged burner or a plurality of submerged burners.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 29, 2008
    Publication date: February 12, 2009
    Applicant: SAINT-GOBAIN GLASS FRANCE
    Inventors: Pierre JEANVOINE, Arnaud LE VERGE
  • Patent number: 7448231
    Abstract: The invention relates to a process for manufacturing compounds based on one or more silicates of alkali metals and/or of alkaline-earth metals, optionally in the form of mixed silicates that combine at least two of these elements, said process involving: (i) preferably a conversion reaction (1) in which halides of said alkali metals and/or of said rare earths and/or of said alkaline-earth metals are converted into the corresponding sulfates; (iii) a conversion reaction (2) in which said sulfates together with silica are converted into the corresponding silicates, the heat supply needed for this conversion being provided, at least in part, by a combustion reaction (3) using a submerged burner or a plurality of submerged burners.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 4, 2002
    Date of Patent: November 11, 2008
    Assignee: Saint-Gobain Glass France
    Inventors: Pierre Jeanvoine, Arnaud Le Verge
  • Publication number: 20080159941
    Abstract: Described is a process for the preparation of a crystallised lamellar solid formed by magadiite consisting of implementing in a step (i) mixing of at least one silica source, at least one salt of N,N,N?,N?-tetramethyl-N,N?-dibenzyloctanediammonium, at least one alkali and/or alkaline earth metal M and water and then implementing in a step (ii) hydrothermal treatment of said mixture until said crystallised lamellar solid constituted by magadiite is formed.
    Type: Application
    Filed: December 14, 2007
    Publication date: July 3, 2008
    Inventors: Emmanuelle Guillon, Nicolas Bats, Antoine Fecant
  • Publication number: 20080152569
    Abstract: Described is a process for the preparation of a crystallised lamellar solid formed by magadiite consisting of implementing in a step (i) mixing of at least one silica source, at least one salt of N,N,N?,N?-tetramethyl-N,N?-dibenzyloctanediammonium, at least one alkali and/or alkaline earth metal M and water and then implementing in a step (ii) hydrothermal treatment of said mixture until said crystallised lamellar solid constituted by magadiite is formed.
    Type: Application
    Filed: December 14, 2007
    Publication date: June 26, 2008
    Inventors: Emmanuelle GUILLON, Nicolas BATS, Antoine FECANT
  • Patent number: 7335342
    Abstract: In the present invention a process for the preparation of sodium silicate from Kimberlite tailing generated as solid waste during diamond mining is disclosed. The process comprises, reacting Kimberlite tailing with mineral acid to remove acid soluble impurities followed by digesting acid treated Kimberlite tailing with alkali solution in a open or closed system to obtain sodium silicate useful for commercial applications.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 14, 2006
    Date of Patent: February 26, 2008
    Assignee: Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
    Inventors: Raksh Vir Jasra, Hari Chand Bajaj, Rajesh Shantilal Somani, Haresh Mahipatlal Mody, Jatin Rameshchandra Chunawala, Devendra Lalijibhai Ghelani, Hemal Narendrakumar Ranpara, Dipti Jivanbhai Barochiya, Suresh Chandra, Maharaj Kishan Dhar, C. Kesava Rao, Kamlesh Kumar
  • Patent number: 7314605
    Abstract: New bridged layered silicates are disclosed where the bridging groups bridge adjacent silicate layers via oxygen atoms on each silicate layer that are unshared to produce porous three dimensional structures. Methods for making these bridged layered silicates are disclosed as well as methods for using these compositions as catalysts, supports, adsorbents, drying agents and ion exchangers.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 2, 2002
    Date of Patent: January 1, 2008
    Assignee: The University of Houston System
    Inventors: Xiqu Wang, Lumei Liu, Allan J. Jacobson
  • Patent number: 6883349
    Abstract: The subject of the invention is a process for manufacturing compounds based on one or more silicates of alkali metals, such as Na and K and/or alkaline earth metals such as Ca, Mg, and/or on rare earths, such as Ce, optionally in the form of mixed silicates which combine alkaline-earth metals, such as Ca, with the alkali metal(s) and the rare earth(s), by conversion of silica and of halides, especially of one or more chlorides, or sulfate or nitrate, of the said alkali metals and/or of the said rare earths and/or of the said alkaline-earth metals, such as NaCl, KCl or CeCl4. The heat needed for the conversion is supplied, at least partly, by one or more submerged burners. The subject of the invention is also an apparatus for carrying out the process and for its use.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 2, 2000
    Date of Patent: April 26, 2005
    Assignee: Saint-Gobain Glass France
    Inventor: Pierre Jeanvoine
  • Patent number: 6818579
    Abstract: A ceramic material, includes SiO2 and Na2O and/or K2O. The material is characterized by a porosity of over 60% and by pores, more than 70% of which have a pore size ranging between 0.1 and 15 &mgr;m. The ceramic material can be used as filtering material, for water storage and as adsorbent material.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 25, 2002
    Date of Patent: November 16, 2004
    Assignee: Pfleiderer Infrastrukturtechnik GmbH & Co. KG
    Inventor: Antonio Giangrasso
  • Patent number: 6811602
    Abstract: A process for preparing a silicate porous product, which comprises a step of forming a clay mineral into a dispersion by means of a dispersant, a step of removing gases dissolved in the dispersion, a step of freezing the dispersion and drying it in its frozen state under reduced pressure, and a step of firing the dried product obtained by the drying.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 27, 2002
    Date of Patent: November 2, 2004
    Assignee: Asahi Glass Company, Limited
    Inventors: Yoshihisa Beppu, Shinji Kondoh
  • Publication number: 20030077547
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a material and a method for treating of photographic effluents in order to eliminate micro-organisms and pollutant by-products so as to control bacterial growth and thereby obtain effluents that comply with regulatory requirements. The method for preparing an oxidizing material according to the invention comprises the dispersion in colloidal form of a metal or metal compound in an aqueous solution of an inorganic aluminosilicate polymer, said aluminosilicate being able to form an inorganic gel, and said metal or metal compound being able to cause the oxidation of oxidizable products and (or) micro-organisms to be eliminated, followed by the addition of a base to cause said aluminosilicate to gel. The metal is preferably silver in a powder form that is able to form a colloid when it is dispersed. The oxidizing material of the invention is efficient especially for the treatment of photographic baths, in particular wash baths placed after the fixing step.
    Type: Application
    Filed: May 31, 2002
    Publication date: April 24, 2003
    Applicant: Eastman Kodak Company
    Inventors: Danielle M. Wettling, Olivier J. Poncelet
  • Patent number: 6413493
    Abstract: The invention describes a process for preparing P zeolites in which aluminate and silicate solutions are reacted in the presence of a P-zeolite seed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 10, 1994
    Date of Patent: July 2, 2002
    Assignee: Unilever Patent Holdings B.V.
    Inventor: Abraham Araya
  • Patent number: 6407055
    Abstract: The invention relates to a crystalline alkali metal phyllosilicate of the formula aMI2O.bEO2.cX2O5.dZO3.SiO2.eH2O, in which MI is an alkali metal, E is an element of the fourth main group, X is an element of the fifth main group and Z is an element of the sixth main group of the Periodic Table of the Elements and the following also applies: 0.25≦a≦6.25 2.5·10−4≦b≦5.63 0≦c≦2.81 0≦d≦5.63 0≦e≦15.3. The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of this crystalline alkali metal phyllosilicate and also to detergents and cleaners which comprise the crystalline alkali metal phyllosilicate according to the invention.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 11, 2000
    Date of Patent: June 18, 2002
    Assignee: Clariant GmbH
    Inventors: Harald Bauer, Josef Holz, Günther Schimmel
  • Patent number: 6274111
    Abstract: The invention relates to a synthetic magnesium silicate having a layered crystalline structure, to a process for its preparation and to its use.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 30, 1998
    Date of Patent: August 14, 2001
    Assignee: Clariant GmbH
    Inventors: Harald Bauer, Günther Schimmel, Volker Thewes
  • Patent number: 6168694
    Abstract: Metal nitride, carbonitride, and oxycarbonitride powder with high surface area (up to 150 m2/g) is prepared by using sol-gel process. The metal organic precursor, alkoxides or amides, is synthesized firstly. The metal organic precursor is modified by using unhydrolyzable organic ligands or templates. A wet gel is formed then by hydrolysis and condensation process. The solvent in the wet gel is then be removed supercritically to form porous amorphous hydroxide. This porous hydroxide materials is sintered to 725° C. under the ammonia flow and porous nitride powder is formed. The other way to obtain high surface area nitride, carbonitride, and oxycarbonitride powder is to pyrolyze polymerized templated metal amides aerogel in an inert atmosphere. The electrochemical capacitors are prepared by using sol-gel prepared nitride, carbonitride, and oxycarbonitride powder. Two methods are used to assemble the capacitors.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 4, 1999
    Date of Patent: January 2, 2001
    Assignee: Chemat Technology, Inc.
    Inventors: Yuhong Huang, Oiang Wei, Chung-tse Chu, Haixing Zheng
  • Patent number: 6143266
    Abstract: A method for producing a crystalline inorganic builder having the following composition in its anhydrous form: xM.sub.2 O.ySiO.sub.2.zMeO, wherein x, y and z are numerical values satisfying the following relationships: y/x is 1.0 to 4.0, z/y is not more than 1.0, M stands for Na and K, K/Na is 0.01 to 2.0, and Me stands for Ca and/or Mg, the method comprising the steps of (a) adding water, a Na-containing compound, a K-containing compound, and at least one member of Ca-containing compounds and Mg-containing compounds to silica sand, to give a mixture; (b) subjecting the resulting mixture to a hydrothermal treatment; and (c) baking the resulting treated mixture. Also, a method for producing a crystalline inorganic builder having the following composition in its anhydrous form: xM.sub.2 O.ySiO.sub.2, wherein x and y are numerical values satisfying the following relationships: y/x is 1.0 to 4.0, M stands for Na and K, K/Na is 0.01 to 2.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 26, 1998
    Date of Patent: November 7, 2000
    Assignee: Kao Corporation
    Inventors: Mikio Sakaguchi, Ichiro Sakamoto, Kazuhiro Otsuka, Masaharu Jyono
  • Patent number: 6114269
    Abstract: A chemically modified mica composite formed by heating a trioctahedral mica in an aqueous solution of sodium chloride having a concentration of at least 1 mole/liter at a temperature greater than 180 degrees Centigrade for at least 20 hours, thereby replacing exchangeable ions in the mica with sodium. Formation is accomplished at temperatures and pressures which are easily accessed by industrial equipment. The reagent employed is inexpensive and non-hazardous, and generates a precipitate which is readily separated from the modified mica.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 7, 2000
    Date of Patent: September 5, 2000
    Inventors: Stephen Frederic Yates, Irene DeFilippi, Romulus Gaita, Abraham Clearfield, Lyudmila Bortun, Anatoly Bortun
  • Patent number: 6036733
    Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of crystalline sodium silicates having a sheet structure and high .delta. phase content from water glass, which has been prepared predominantly hydrothermally, by dehydration of the water glass and subsequent crystallization at elevated temperature, wherein the water glass is a mixture of water glass prepared hydrothermally and tank furnace water glass, and also to its use.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 23, 1998
    Date of Patent: March 14, 2000
    Inventors: Josef Holz, Gunther Schimmel, Alexander Tapper, Volker Thewes
  • Patent number: 5833940
    Abstract: Disclosed is a commercial grade of soluble silicate solutions, clear homogenous and water white essentially free of unreacted silica, made by dissolving in a closed container biogenetic silica, preferably rice hull ash, in a strong alkali solution, preferably sodium hydroxide in the presence of an agent, such as an active carbonaceous material, which prevents discoloration of the soluble silicates by absorbing and/or reacting with polyvalent metals, organic materials, and the like, in the biogenetic silica as it dissolves in and reacts with the alkali solution. The invention takes advantage of the residue of such active carbonaceous material on the biogenetic silica, such as rice hulls, left by commercial energy burning thereof which effectively prevents discoloration. A solid residue results from the method which is an active carbonaceous material including concentrated manganese from the biogenetic silica, both of which are valuable commercial products.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 27, 1992
    Date of Patent: November 10, 1998
    Assignee: EnviroGuard, Inc.
    Inventors: Roy S. Reiber, William A. Mallow, Jesse R. Conner
  • Patent number: 5807529
    Abstract: A process for producing silicate or silicate-containing builder granules having an apparent density of at least 600 g/l by compacting silicate materials having an apparent density of less than 500 g/l, a molar ratio of SiO.sub.2 to Na.sub.2 O of 1.3 to 4, and a water content of up to 15% by weight, wherein the silicate materials are X-ray amorphous and are present in the form of a fine particle solid having a flake structure.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 2, 1997
    Date of Patent: September 15, 1998
    Assignee: Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien
    Inventors: Hans-Friedrich Kruse, Beatrix Kottwitz, Volker Bauer, Berthold Schreck, Joerg Poethkow, Wolfgang Breuer
  • Patent number: 5807951
    Abstract: The present invention provides silicate polymers which regulate the function of a living body by restoring and normalizing the lowered cell functions due to diseases. The silicate polymers are preferably water soluble. The molecular weight of the polymers is in the range of 4,800 to 2,000,000, preferably 20,000 to 1,000,000, and they have a degree of polymerization in the range of 75 to 33,000, preferably 490 to 16,500. The monomer unit is --(SiO.sub.2)--. The polymers may be produced by dissolving a water-soluble silicate or a silicic acid containing material such as water glass in water to obtain an aqueous solution. The solution may be admixed with an acid to adjust the pH to 2-10, preferably 4-9.5. A saccharide or sugar alcohol or pharmaceutically acceptable salt may also be admixed with the solution. The aqueous solution is preferably dried to obtain a powder by heating at 150.degree. C. to 250.degree. C. or by lyophilization.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 30, 1997
    Date of Patent: September 15, 1998
    Assignee: Nippon Zoki Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Jin-emon Konishi, Giichi Hamada
  • Patent number: 5800801
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a zeolite catalyst, a process for using the catalyst for conversion of hydrocarbons, especially naphtha and LPG feedstock, and a process for preparing the catalyst.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 5, 1996
    Date of Patent: September 1, 1998
    Assignee: Intevep, S.A.
    Inventors: Jorge Tejada, Juan Lujano, Yilda Romero
  • Patent number: 5785940
    Abstract: The present invention pertains to a reactor for producing sodium or potassium silicate. The reaction vessel includes submerged burners. A trough extends downwards and away from the reaction vessel. The trough connects to an outlet in the reaction vessel where molten silicate produce is removed, molded, and allowed to cool. The reactor also includes first and second heat exchangers, both located in the exit path of the exhaust gases from the reactor. The exhaust gases pass through a first heat exchanger and exchange heat with incoming combustion gas. This preheated combustion gas is then used as the oxidizer to burn fuel gas through the burners. The hot exhaust gases are then passed through a second heat exchanger. The second heat exchanger exchanges heat between the hot flue exhaust gases and feed sand. The hot exhaust gases can also be passed through a third heat exchanger to make hot water. The hot water is used to dissolve the silicate product.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 18, 1996
    Date of Patent: July 28, 1998
    Assignee: PQ Corporation
    Inventors: J. Randol Carroll, William E. Breitenbach, William C. Combs
  • Patent number: 5776893
    Abstract: A crystalline hydrated layered sodium and potassium silicate/amorphous sodium and potassium silicate composite material with predetermined hardness ion sequestration properties is achieved by controlling the process for forming the material. The process for producing the crystalline hydrated layered sodium and potassium silicate/amorphous is sodium and potassium silicate composite comprises hydrolyzing DB-1 crystalline sodium and potassium silicate glasses as a precursor material to produce the composite material known as DB-2. Hydrolysis of the DB-1 precursor material is achieved by adding typically up to 100.0 milliequivalents per gram of H.sub.3 O.sup.+ ions or up to 50 milliequivalents per gram of OH.sup.- ions. The resulting DB-2 material can sequester CA.sup.2+ ions, Mg.sup.+ ions, or both, depending on the results desired, processing conditions, and starting materials used.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 6, 1995
    Date of Patent: July 7, 1998
    Assignee: PQ Corporation
    Inventors: Eric Von Rehren Borgstedt, Raymond P. Denkewicz, Jr.
  • Patent number: 5739098
    Abstract: A crystalline silicate material containing both sodium and potassium cations within the crystalline matrix. Wherein the material is SiO.sub.2 /(xNa.sub.2 O+yK.sub.2 O)=Z where x+y=1, 0.75<x<1.0 (and therefore 0.0<y<0.25), and 1.3.ltoreq.Z.ltoreq.3.22. The material possesses predetermined superior hardness ion sequestration properties determined by the composition and processing of the material. The material can be made by any one of several processes which are also set forth.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 5, 1994
    Date of Patent: April 14, 1998
    Assignee: PQ Corporation
    Inventors: Raymond P. Denkewicz, Jr., Eric von Rehren Borgstedt
  • Patent number: 5693304
    Abstract: A particulate amorphous alkali metal silicate is prepared by heating a mixture of silicate glass and water or aqueous solution to a temperature of about 300.degree.-400.degree. C. to provide a foamed material that is easily formed into particles of less than 20 microns. After careful hydration, a product having 1-15% water based on loss of ignition (LOI) of product at 800.degree. C. is produced that controls the activity of magnesium in solutions and is, therefore, a useful detergent ingredient.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 1, 1995
    Date of Patent: December 2, 1997
    Assignee: PQ Corporation
    Inventors: Eric von Rehren Borgstedt, Raymond P. Denkewicz, Jr.
  • Patent number: 5643358
    Abstract: The present invention pertains to a crystalline hydrated layered sodium and potassium silicate/amorphous sodium and potassium silicate composite material with predetermined hardness ion sequestration properties achieved by controlling the process for forming the material. The process for producing the crystalline hydrated layered sodium and potassium silicate/amorphous sodium and potassium silicate composite comprises hydrolyzing DB-1 crystalline sodium and potassium silicate glasses as a precursor material to produce the composite material known as DB-2. Hydrolysis of the DB-1 precursor material is achieved by adding typically up to 100.0 milliequivalents per gram of H.sub.3 O.sup.+ ions or up to 50 milliequivalents per gram of OH.sup.- ions. The resulting DB-2 material can sequester CA.sup.2+ ions, Mg.sup.+ ions, or both, depending on the results desired, processing conditions, and starting materials used.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 3, 1994
    Date of Patent: July 1, 1997
    Assignee: PQ Corporation
    Inventors: Eric von Rehren Borgstedt, Raymond P. Denkewicz, Jr.
  • Patent number: 5629362
    Abstract: Photon-diffusive coating compositions contain a binder and a mineral containing at least about 65%, preferably at least about 75%, and most preferably at least about 85% to 90% silica, of which at least about 60%, preferably at least about 75% to 85% is in the crystal form of cristobalite, which has been reacted with sodium hydroxide. In typical embodiments, ground Klannerite.RTM. is reacted with sodium hydroxide in an aqueous slurry by the application of heat to just below the boiling point until the pH falls to below 12, and then a latex binder is added. Preferred binders comprise a mixture of polysaccharide resin and a latex binder; the polysaccharide resin is added, the mixture is neutralized somewhat, and then the latex binder is added. The viscosity of the final composition may be adjusted by adding water. Cured coatings exhibit good spectral reflectance and are useful in a variety of applications such as coating furnace interiors.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 31, 1995
    Date of Patent: May 13, 1997
    Assignee: Heatshield Technologies Inc.
    Inventor: Paul R. Arena
  • Patent number: 5614160
    Abstract: The present invention pertains to a crystalline hydrated layered sodium silicate/amorphous sodium silicate composite material with predetermined hardness ion sequestration properties achieved by control of the process for forming the material, and a process for making the material. The process for producing the crystalline hydrated layered sodium silicate/amorphous sodium silicate composite consists of producing a crystalline sodium disilicate by heating a sodium silicate at a specified time and temperature. The resulting material may include amorphous material, and the crystalline sodium disilicate can be either alpha-phase or delta-phase disilicate. This crystalline sodium disilicate is then hydrolyzed with up to 50.0 milliequivalents per gram of either H.sub.3 O.sup.+ ions or OH.sup.- ions. The resulting material can sequester Ca.sup.2+ ions, Mg.sup.2+ ions, or both, depending on the results desired, processing conditions, and starting materials used.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 10, 1994
    Date of Patent: March 25, 1997
    Assignee: PQ Corporation
    Inventors: Petra M. Gill, Eric von Rehren Borgstedt, Raymond P. Denkewicz, Jr.
  • Patent number: 5614161
    Abstract: The invention relates to a crystalline sheet sodium silicate of the general formulaxNa.sub.2 O.multidot.ySiO.sub.2 .multidot.zP.sub.2 O.sub.5in whichthe ratio of x to y corresponds to a number from 0.35 to 0.6,the ratio of x to z corresponds to a number from 1.75 to 1200and the ratio of y to z corresponds to a number from 4 to 2800,a process for its preparation and its use.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 21, 1996
    Date of Patent: March 25, 1997
    Assignee: Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Jan Wilkens, Gunther Schimmel
  • Patent number: 5503819
    Abstract: Novel fluoride containing substituted smectite clays are disclosed as well as their preparation and uses. The clay has the formulaA.sub.x (M.sub.y M'.sub.4--y)(Si.sub.8--x M.sub.t M'.sub.v)O.sub.20 (OH).sub.4--u F.sub.uwhere A is a cation, M and M' are metals having a +3 oxidation state, each selected from the group consisting of aluminum, gallium, iron and chromium, x is the moles of A, y is the moles of M, t and v are the moles of M and M' in the tetrahedral layer and t+v=x and u is the moles of F. The clay composition may be used as is or after pillaring to catalyze hydrocarbon conversion processes such as alkylation.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 18, 1994
    Date of Patent: April 2, 1996
    Assignee: UOP
    Inventor: Jennifer S. Holmgren
  • Patent number: 5417951
    Abstract: The invention is a process for the hydrothermal production of crystalline sodium disilicate by heating an aqueous mixture of quartz sand and sodium hydroxide or an aqueous solution of sodium disilicate with a solids content of at least 50% by weight or more than 75% by weight at a temperature above 235.degree. C. and under autogenous pressure to form crystalline sodium disilicate.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 1, 1993
    Date of Patent: May 23, 1995
    Assignee: Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
    Inventor: Guenther Just
  • Patent number: 5393507
    Abstract: The characteristics of compacted sodium silicate, in particular the bulk density, are improved by heating the material at an elevated temperature in an agitated bed. Bulk density in the region of 1 kg/liter can be obtained.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 3, 1993
    Date of Patent: February 28, 1995
    Assignee: Unilever Patent Holdings B.V.
    Inventors: Joseph P. H. Theunissen, Theo Osinga
  • Patent number: 5362466
    Abstract: The invention describes a process for preparing P zeolites in which aluminate and silicate solutions are reacted in the presence of a P-zeolite seed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 8, 1993
    Date of Patent: November 8, 1994
    Assignee: Unilever Patent Holdings B.V.
    Inventor: Abraham Araya
  • Patent number: 5356607
    Abstract: This invention is a process for the hydrothermal preparation of sodium disilicate with a molar ratio of Na.sub.2 O:SiO.sub.2 of 1:2 at an elevated temperature and a pressure corresponding to said temperature in a pressure vessel, characterized in that quartz sand and caustic soda solution and/or an aqueous solution of amorphous sodium disilicate at a total solids concentration of from 50 to 75% by weight are heated to at least 235.degree. C. in a first step, the concentration may be increased in an optional second step by removing water from the reaction mixture, in a third step, dependent on whether the second step has been carried out, the amount of water removed in the second step is completely or partially added again to the mixture during or immediately after same has been cooled to from 90.degree. C. to 130.degree. C., and then the obtained crystalline sodium disilicate is recovered.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 2, 1992
    Date of Patent: October 18, 1994
    Assignee: Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
    Inventor: Guenther Just
  • Patent number: 5340559
    Abstract: Alkali metal silicate solutions are formed into granules in a single stage. The heated solution is sprayed into a heated drum having a multiplicity of arms fixed to a rapid by rotating central shaft. A gas, preferably air, heated to 150.degree. C. to 200.degree. C. is also introduced with the silicate solution and a granulated product is obtained from the other end of the drum.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 2, 1992
    Date of Patent: August 23, 1994
    Assignee: Unilever Patent Holdings B.V.
    Inventors: Francois Delwel, Theo J. Osinga, Joseph P. Theunissen, Jack M. Vrancken
  • Patent number: 5308596
    Abstract: To prepare crystalline sodium disilicates having a laminar structure, a molar ratio of SiO.sub.2 to Na.sub.2 O of (1.9 to 2.1) 1 and a water content of less than 0.3% by weight, a water glass solution is first obtained by reacting sand with sodium hydroxide solution in a molar ratio of SiO.sub.2 to Na.sub.2 O of (2.0 to 2.3) : 1 at temperatures of 180.degree. to 240.degree. C. and pressures of 10 to 30 bar. This water glass solution having at least 20% by weight of solids is treated in a spray drier with hot air at 200.degree. to 300.degree. C. with the formation of a pulverulent amorphous sodium disilicate having a water content (determined as loss on heating at 700.degree. C.) of 15 to 23% by weight and a bulk density of at least 300 g/l. The spray-dried pulverulent, amorphous sodium disilicate is ground.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 8, 1992
    Date of Patent: May 3, 1994
    Assignee: Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Michael Kotzian, Gunther Schimmel, Alexander Tapper, Knut Bauer
  • Patent number: 5268156
    Abstract: To prepare crystalline sodium silicates having a laminated structure, a molar ratio of SiO.sub.2 to Na.sub.2 O of (1.9 to 2.1) 1 and a water content of less than 0.3% by weight from a water glass solution which has a solids content of at least 20% by weight and is obtained by reaction of sand with sodium hydroxide solution in a molar ratio of SiO.sub.2 : Na.sub.2 O of (2.0 to 2.3) : 1, the water glass solution is treated with hot air of 200.degree. to 300.degree. C. in a spray drying zone to form a pulverulent, amorphous sodium silicate having a water content (determined as the loss on ignition at 700.degree. C.) of 15 to 23% by weight. The pulverulent, amorphous, water-containing sodium silicate is first ground, preferably to particle sizes of 1 to 50 .mu.m, before it is introduced into an inclined rotary tubular oven and treated in this in countercurrent with flue gas at temperatures of more than 500.degree. to 850.degree. C. to form crystalline sodium silicate.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 21, 1992
    Date of Patent: December 7, 1993
    Assignee: Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft
    Inventors: Gunther Schimmel, Michael Kotzian, Alexander Tapper, Gerd Wingefeld
  • Patent number: 5262144
    Abstract: The present invention relates in general to highly siliceous zeolitic molecular sieve adsorbent compositions having reduced catalytic activity and to the process for preparing such compositions. The number of acid sites in the so-called silica molecular sieves is very low, but exhibit a disproportionately high acid activity. In a variety of adsorptive separation applications in which the hydrophobic character of these molecular sieves is important, undesirable catalytic conversion of one or more of the adsorbates is frequently encountered. This acid activity is effectively eliminated by incorporating a stoichiometric excess with respect to the aluminum content of the molecular sieve of an alkali metal compound into the molecular sieve followed by calcining the loaded silicalite at temperatures of at least 750.degree.C. The adsorbent is particularly useful in separations of materials which are subject to catalytically initiated reactions, e.g., olefins and alcohols.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 26, 1991
    Date of Patent: November 16, 1993
    Assignee: UOP
    Inventor: Beth McCulloch