Abstract: A method for producing hydrogen includes providing a feed stream comprising water; contacting at least one proton conducting membrane adapted to interact with the feed stream; splitting the water into hydrogen and oxygen at a predetermined temperature; and separating the hydrogen from the oxygen. Preferably the proton conducting membrane comprises a proton conductor and a second phase material. Preferable proton conductors suitable for use in a proton conducting membrane include a lanthanide element, a Group VIA element and a Group IA or Group IIA element such as barium, strontium, or combinations of these elements. More preferred proton conductors include yttrium. Preferable second phase materials include platinum, palladium, nickel, cobalt, chromium, manganese, vanadium, silver, gold, copper, rhodium, ruthenium, niobium, zirconium, tantalum, and combinations of these. More preferably second phase materials suitable for use in a proton conducting membrane include nickel, palladium, and combinations of these.

Abstract: The present invention provides a clathrate compound which can be used as a thermoelectric material, a hard material, or a semiconductor material. Silicon or carbon are formed into a clathrate lattice, and a clathrate compound is then formed in which specified doping atoms are encapsulated within the clathrate lattice, and a portion of the atoms of the clathrate lattice are substituted with specified substitution atoms. The clathrate lattice is, for example, a silicon clathrate 34 (Si34) mixed lattice of a Si20 cluster including a dodecahedron of Si atoms, and a Si28 cluster including a hexahedron of Si atoms. Suitable doping atoms are atoms from group 1A, group 2A, group 3A, group 1B, group 2B, group 3B, group 4A, group 5A, group 6A, and group 8, and suitable substitution atoms are atoms from group 1A, group 2A, group 3A, group 1B, group 2B, group 3B, group 5A, group 6A, group 7A, group 5B, group 6B, group 7B, and group 8 of the periodic table.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for enrichment of heavy oxygen isotopes is provided wherein an oxygen starting material which contains heavy oxygen isotopes is enriched in at least one of oxygen molecule 16O17O, 16O18O, 17O17O, 17O18O and 18O18O, by means of cryogenic distillation of the oxygen starting material containing heavy oxygen isotopes. In addition, a method and apparatus are provided for further increasing the concentration of at least one of the heavy isotope oxygen molecules by means of conducting isotope scrambling on the above-mentioned plurality of oxygen molecules enriched by means of the above mentioned cryogenic distillation.

Abstract: The invention is a mixed oxide oxygen storage material useful as a catalyst or catalyst washcoat. The mixed oxide is praseodymium oxide loaded onto a support of either cerium oxide or cerium-zirconium oxide. The praseodymium oxide is loaded on the support so that the resultant mixed oxide contains praseodymium and cerium in a molar ratio of 1:4 to 4:1. This mixed oxide may be loaded with a catalyst like palladium for use in automotive exhaust gas systems.

Abstract: An oxygen generator of an emergency chemical oxygen generating system is mounted on a sliding mechanism that displaces the oxygen generator vertically and horizontally away from the walls of the oxygen generator container when the door of the module is opened, in order to reduce the heating of the container walls and the surrounding areas. The sliding mechanism can be a telescoping assembly having multiple sliding segments, a slot in the side of the module wall with a tab attached to the generator such that the tab slides within the slot allowing for downward sliding of the generator, or an arrangement of channels and rollers. The movement of the generator from a stowed position to a use position can also initiate the flow of oxygen.

Abstract: Agents containing polyaniline or derivative of polyaniline of one or more specified kinds shown by Formulas (1)-(4) given below can generate active oxygen when contacted with an oxygen-containing gas: where A is a negative ion, x and y are positive numbers such that x+y=1 and n is a positive integer between 2 and 1000.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a trace oxygen measuring apparatus comprising a trace oxygen generating unit capable of generating oxygen in an arbitrary amount within a range of from 1 to 2 ppm, a concentration detecting cell configured so as to ensure followup of Nernst's formula, an opposite pump electrode provided in a special air duct, and a concentration detecting cell and a pump cell electrode independently provided; and a trace oxygen generating apparatus used such trace oxygen measuring apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention provides an effective oxygen generating materials, carbon dioxide absorbing materials, and transport system and transport method of live fishery products for use upon transporting live fishery products. An oxygen generating materials of the present invention is prepared by packaging solid peroxide and peroxide decomposition catalyst with a moisture-permeable material having a cup method moisture permeability (40° C., 90% RH) of more than 20 g/m2/24 hr and being impervious to water at normal pressure. Furthermore, a carbon dioxide absorbing materials are prepared by packaging alkaline earth metal hydroxide and/or oxide with a gas-permeable material having a Gurley method gas permeability (JIS P8117) of 0.1˜3000 sec./100 ml of gas and being impervious to water at normal pressure.

Abstract: A method of producing ozone comprises heating a gas containing molecular oxygen under pressure in a first vessel to a temperature of greater than about (eg.) 2300° K to at least partially dissociate molecular oxygen into monoatomic oxygen. The monoatomic oxygen is supersonically transported from the first vessel to a second vessel at a temperature less than about (eg.) 1000° K via a convergent-divergent nozzle, where it forms ozone. Supersonically transporting the monoatomic oxygen via the convergent-divergent nozzle produces frozen flow conditions, thereby preserving the oxygen in its monoatomic state. Optionally, the monoatomic oxygen is mixed with the molecular oxygen to form ozone.

Abstract: A method for recycling copper oxide includes: a first step in which a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is added to acidic copper chloride waste etchant produced in the PCB industry, to obtain copper hydroxide slurry; and a second step in which the slurry obtained in the first step is heated and sintered to thereby prepare a needle-form copper oxide. Since copper oxide has a purity of more than 99.0 wt % and the needle-form crystal morphology, so that it has an excellent filtering ability and homogeneous particle size distribution.

Abstract: Recuperative heat exchangers or regenerative heat exchangers are used for the thermal decomposition of N2O in N2O-containing gases. The process for the thermal decomposition of N2O in N2O-containing gases at from 800 to 1200° C. comprises passing the N2O-containing gas through one or more recuperative heat exchangers or regenerative heat exchangers in such a way that when the gas to be reacted is passed through a charge of heat transfer material it is heated to a temperature in the range from 800 to 1200° C. and the N2O present is decomposed thermally, and cooling the reacted gas by heat exchange so as to heat the charge of heat transfer material and the gas to be reacted.

Abstract: Tantalum and niobium aluminate mixed metal oxides may be made by a process comprising mixing a first metal compound selected from the group consisting of aluminum alkoxide, aluminum beta-diketonate, aluminum alkoxide beta-diketonate, and mixtures thereof with a second metal compound selected from the group consisting of niobium alkoxide, niobium beta-diketonate, niobium alkoxide beta-diketonate, tantalum alkoxide, tantalum beta-diketonate, tantalum alkoxide beta-diketonate, and mixtures thereof to provide a precursor and then hydrolyzing the mixture. The resulting mixed metal oxide may be used in a variety of components of integrated circuits.

Abstract: A process for preparing a supported catalyst comprising a transition metal selected from palladium, platinum, nickel, cobalt or copper on an aerogel support, which includes the steps of providing a mixture containing an alkoxide precursor of the aerogel, a chelate complex of the transition metal with a chelating agent having Si(OR)3 anchor groups, and an organic solvent in which the chelate complex is soluble; hydrolyzing the mixture by admixing it with water to form a gel; and converting the gel under supercritical conditions into the transition metal aerogel-supported catalyst. The supported catalyst has an especially homogeneous distribution of the metal component and is suitable, for example, for use as a hydrogenation catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a titanium-, -and alkaline- or alkaline-earth-based compound, processes for the preparation thereof, and use thereof as a coloring pigment. The product of the invention is characterized in that it corresponds to formula (1) MxCeyTizOt wherein M represents an alkaline or an alkaline-earth, and x, y and z satisfy the following equations: 0.1≦y/z≦1.5, 1≦(x+z)/y≦15, x+y+z=1, (x+3y=4z)/2≦t≦(x+4y+4z)/2.

Abstract: A singlet-delta oxygen generator 10 comprises a chamber 14 in which a gas stream 22 of singlet-delta oxygen, O.sub.2 (.sup.1 .DELTA.), is generated; a water vapor trap 40 to remove water vapor from the gas stream, and a liquid separator 60 downstream of the water vapor trap to separate liquid from the gas stream subsequent to removal of the water vapor. The water vapor trap comprises a liquid droplet dispersing device 42 which forms a droplet field 44 of cold liquid droplets in the chamber. The cold liquid droplets interact with and condense water vapor in the gas stream. The cold liquid is preferably hydrogen peroxide. The liquid separator comprises a baffle 62 arrangement which forms a tortuous flow path for the gas stream. Liquid in the gas stream is unable to traverse the baffles and is separated from the liquid, to produce an essentially dry gas stream for introduction into a gain generator 34 downstream of the singlet-delta oxygen generator.

Abstract: Crystalline inorganic oxide compositions having regular wormhole-like channels are described. The formation of the mesoporous composition is accomplished by hydrogen bonding between a neutral amine template in water and a water miscible organic solvent and a neutral inorganic oxide precursor, wherein there is an excess of an alkanol or water used to dissolve the template. The template can be removed and recycled.

Abstract: An oxygen generating apparatus according to the present invention includes a reaction vessel and a cartridge. The cartridge is constructed for insertion into the reaction vessel, and includes a cartridge plate and a plurality of reagent tubes holding oxygen-producing reagents. The reagent tubes, which include at least one short tube and a plurality of standard tubes, each have an upper end coupled to the cartridge plate and a lower end which has an opening or port. When the cartridge is inserted into the reaction vessel, each of the plurality of standard tubes extends substantially to a floor of the reaction vessel, while the at least one short tube extends to a point remote from the floor of the reaction vessel. The cartridge may include an activation plate which causes the release of the reagents into the reaction vessel by pulling up a retaining sleeve when the cartridge is inserted into the reaction vessel.

Abstract: A chemical oxygen or other gas generator which has a container composed of thermally-conductive and gas-impervious material which contains pyrotechnic material, the container being in heat transfer relation with a block of oxygen-producing material for transfer of heat from burning of the pyrotechnic material within the container directly to the block of oxygen-producing material for initiation of decomposition thereof. The container is sealingly attached to the casing so that all of the evolved gases from burning of the pyrotechnic material are segregated from the produced breathable oxygen. The evolved gases are vented from the oxygen generator so as to reduce the ignition chamber pressure and/or allow a greater amount of pyrotechnic material to be burned within the ignition chamber so that a sufficient amount of heat may be generated within the ignition chamber for application to the block of oxygen producing material for initiation of decomposition thereof.

Abstract: A catalyst system useful at room temperature for the destruction of ozone (O.sub.3), which is comprised of a washcoat of high surface area support containing Mn/Cu catalyst deposited on a macroporous carrier, such as a honeycomb monolith, optionally with the addition of noble metal (such as Pt) washcoat to remove carbon monoxide.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing a clean dry air product stream. In accordance with the method and apparatus, a compressed feed air stream is introduced into one adsorption bed to adsorb moisture and carbon dioxide and to produce a first intermediate product stream. Impurities contained within the first intermediate product stream such as hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and hydrogen are catalytically reacted to produce a second intermediate product stream that contains additional carbon dioxide and moisture produced from the catalytic reaction. The second intermediate product stream is introduced into another adsorption bed that adsorbs the additional moisture and carbon dioxide formed by the catalytic reaction to produce the clean dry air product stream. The present invention can be used alone to serve the need of supplying a clean dry air product stream. Additionally, it can be used as a prepurification unit of an air separation plant designed to produce an ultra-high purity industrial gas product.

Abstract: The COIL gain generator system includes a reactor for producing singlet delta oxygen and a mechanism for mixing high momentum diluent with the singlet delta oxygen and with iodine for producing a high momentum, low static temperature mixture of the singlet delta oxygen, diluent and iodine. The singlet delta oxygen and the iodine react to produce excited iodine atoms which can lase efficiently due to the low static temperature and can, after lasing, recover to high pressure in a diffuser due to the high momentum of the mixture. This provides the capability of using a chemical pump which allows a completely sealed system with no outside exhaust.

Abstract: Applicant has synthesized a family of novel non-pillared metal oxide compositions which have a triple layered perovskite structure and a surface area of at least 30 m.sup.2 /g. These compositions are described by the empirical formulaAB.sub.2 M.sub.3 O.sub.10-xwhere A is a monovalent exchangeable cation such as cesium, B is a divalent or trivalent cation such as strontium or lanthanum and M is a +2, +3, +4 or a +5 valent metal such as niobium, titanium, aluminum or copper.

Abstract: Basic hydrogen peroxide used in chemical oxygen lasers can be produced using a lithium based lithium hydroxide with a lithium hydroxide makeup of the reacted basic hydrogen peroxide. Lithium hydroxide, water and hydrogen peroxide are mixed and 1) passed over a lithium hydroxide solid bed or 2) premixed with small particulate solid lithium hydroxide or lithium hydroxide monohydrate. The basic hydrogen peroxide produced is chilled and stored cold until mixed with chlorine to produce singlet delta oxygen for use in the chemical oxygen iodine laser. The spent basic hydrogen peroxide is rejuvenated by passing it over a solid lithium hydroxide or in-situ solid particulate lithium hydroxides. After dissolution, the rejuvenated basic hydrogen peroxide is then reacted with chlorine to produce more singlet delta oxygen.

Abstract: The stoichiometry and/or crystal structure of vanadium oxide particles are altered by heating initial particles of vanadium oxide under mild conditions. The temperature is generally at least about 300.degree. C. less than the melting point of both the initial vanadium oxide particle and the product vanadium oxide particles. Preferred initial particles are vanadium oxide nanoparticles. The heating can be performed under an oxidizing atmosphere or an inert atmosphere, depending on the particular initial particles and the desired product particles.

Abstract: The present invention includes an oxygen generator having a ceramic honeycomb body. The honeycomb body includes one or more oxygen collection channels which extend laterally across a plurality of second channels in which oxygen is generated via the conduction of oxygen ions from a source gas residing in or passing through a plurality of first channels. The oxygen collection channels are located either positionally along a face of the generator, on one longitudinal end of the generator or are staggered about the side face such that the oxygen collection channels do not substantially impact the structural integrity of the honeycomb body. In addition, a method in which a honeycomb body having oxygen collection channels at its face includes extruding a ceramic body and forming one or more channels at a face of the extruded body. The method further includes forming electrodes within the body and sealing selected channels for the collection of oxygen.

Abstract: This invention comprises a method and apparatus for obtaining from air an oxygen enriched gas mixture containing at least 40 mole % nitrogen. The apparatus comprises a gas turbine, an oxygen separation unit which is in fluid communication with the turbine air compressor and means for maintaining a proper mass balance tolerance between the turbine compressor/unit and the turbine energy production unit.This invention comprises a method and apparatus for recovering large quantities of an oxygen enriched gas from the volume of a compressed air stream produced by a gas turbine by compensation of the mass loss to the energy production unit section thereof by providing means for maintaining the turbine in proper mass and thermal balance as the turbine is utilized to provide the duty/power requirements of a process which utilizes the oxygen enriched gas stream as a reactant.

Abstract: A stabilized aqueous alkali or alkaline earth metal hypobromite solution is prepared by mixing an aqueous solution of alkali or alkaline earth metal hypochlorite having from about 5 percent to about 70 percent available halogen as chlorine with a water soluble bromide ion source; allowing the bromide ion source and the alkali or alkaline earth metal hypochlorite to react to form a 0.5 to 70 percent by weight aqueous solution of unstabilized alkali or alkaline earth metal hypobromite; adding to the unstabilized solution of alkali or alkaline earth metal hypobromite a suitable stabilizer such as a carbonic acid, hydrogen cyanide, carboxylic acid, amino acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or boric acid; and recovering a stabilized aqueous alkali or alkaline earth metal hypobromite solution.

Abstract: A device for generating oxygen by the thermal decomposition of a chemical located in a cartridge housing is improved such that a profile of the oxygen release can be set in a simple manner. To accomplish this a delivery line drawing off the oxygen generated is connected to a longitudinal side of the cartridge housing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing hydrogen halide and oxygen by a stable chemical reaction for a long time. In this method, hydrogen halide and oxygen are produced by reacting water and halogen as represented with the following formula:H.sub.2 O+X.sub.2 .fwdarw.2HX+1/2O.sub.2 ( 1)(wherein, X represents a halogen), wherein porous silica having a mean pore diameter of 0.7 to 5 nm is used as catalyst. Preferably, hydrophilic functional groups are provided on the surface of said porous silica.

Abstract: In order to improve a generator for generating a product gas by means of a chemical reaction between an educt gas and a liquid, comprising a closed reaction chamber with a liquid supply, a liquid discharge, an educt gas supply, a product gas discharge, a liquid bath arranged within the reaction chamber and a substrate member arranged for rotation in the reaction chamber, the axis of rotation of this substrate member being arranged such that during a rotation of the substrate member at least part of the surface of the substrate member alternatingly dips into the liquid bath and emerges from the liquid bath wetted by the liquid, such that a motor arranged outside the reaction chamber for rotating the substrate member can be dispensed with and the requirement of a pressure-tight passage for a drive shaft of the substrate member through a wall of the reaction chamber is not applicable it is suggested that the generator comprise a flow generator for generating a continuous flow of the liquid in the reaction chambe

Abstract: There is provided a cylindrical valve 20 for placement in the flow path of a singlet-delta oxygen generator 12 that feeds O.sub.2.sup.* to a chemical laser gain medium 14. The feed path 22 includes a sharp 90.degree. bend 24 that causes fluid velocity variations in O.sub.2.sup.* entering the gain medium 14. Integral with the valve 20 is a tubular structure 12 having a partial circumferential radially extending surface 44 fitted with "O" ring for sealing and opening the feed path between the "O.sub.2.sup.* " generator 12 and gain generator 14. A series of vanes 32, 34, 36 disposed in velocity control zones 50, 52, 54 and 56 are integral with the valve 20 for leveling out the velocity variations and controlling the wake formation 58, 59 and 60 in the O.sub.2.sup.* entering the gain generator 14.

Abstract: A system for preparing excited molecular oxygen in the excited singlet-delta electronic state for use in a chemical laser that minimizes salt formation utilizing the common ion effect. In one version, basic hydrogen peroxide is formed by combining H.sub.2 O.sub.2 and at least two bases. In another version of the invention, the basic hydrogen peroxide is reacted with a gas containing at least two halogen species.

Abstract: A V-shaped singlet delta oxygen manifold for a chemical iodine oxygen laser wherein singlet delta oxygen is produced in one or more reaction zones and enters the interior of the V-shaped manifold. The V-shape of the integral manifold causes the singlet delta oxygen containing gas to undergo rapid change in flow area and a consequent rapid increase in velocity. The integral manifold also directs the singlet delta oxygen entering the V-shaped manifold to the open end of the V which is connected to a nozzle for injecting singlet delta oxygen into a laser cavity for providing energy to a laser beam. The V-shape enables a uniform pressure along its arms for introducing the singlet delta oxygen to the inside of the singlet delta oxygen manifold and directs the flow of the singlet delta oxygen to the nozzle.

Abstract: The invention is a method for preparing a stabilized aqueous alkali or alkaline earth metal hypobromite solution. The method comprises the steps of:a. Mixing an aqueous solution of alkali or alkaline earth metal hypochlorite having from about 5 percent to about 70 percent available halogen as chlorine with a water soluble bromide ion source;b. Allowing the bromide ion source and the alkali or alkaline earth metal hypochlorite to react to form a 0.5 to 70 percent by weight aqueous solution of unstabilized alkali or alkaline earth metal hypobromite;c. Adding to the unstabilized solution of alkali or alkaline earth metal hypobromite an aqueous solution of an alkali metal sulfamate in a quantity to provide a molar ratio of alkali metal sulfamate to alkali or alkaline earth metal hypobromite is from about 0.5 to about 7; and,d. Recovering a stabilized aqueous alkali or alkaline earth metal hypobromite solution.

Abstract: A chemical oxygen or other gas generator which has a container composed of thermally-conductive and gas-impervious material which contains pyrotechnic material, the container being in heat transfer relation with a block of oxygen-producing material for transfer of heat from burning of the pyrotechnic material within the container directly to the block of oxygen-producing material for initiation of decomposition thereof. The container is sealingly attached to the casing so that all of the evolved gases from burning of the pyrotechnic material are segregated from the produced breathable oxygen. The evolved gases are vented from the oxygen generator so as to reduce the ignition chamber pressure and/or allow a greater amount of pyrotechnic material to be burned within the ignition chamber so that a sufficient amount of heat may be generated within the ignition chamber for application to the block of oxygen producing material for initiation of decomposition thereof.

Abstract: The invention is a method for preparing a stabilized aqueous alkali or alkaline earth metal hypobromite solution. The method comprises the steps of:a. Mixing an aqueous solution of alkali or alkaline earth metal hypochlorite with a water soluble bromide ion source;b. Allowing the bromide ion source and the alkali or alkaline earth metal hypochlorite to react to form a 0.5 to 30 percent by weight aqueous solution of unstabilized alkali or alkaline earth metal hypobromite;c. Adding to the unstabilized solution of alkali or alkaline earth metal hypobromite an aqueous solution of an alkali metal sulfamate having a temperature of at least 50.degree. C. in a quantity to provide a molar ratio of alkali metal sulfamate to alkali or alkaline earth metal hypobromite is from about 0.5 to about 6; and then,d. Recovering a stabilized aqueous alkali or alkaline earth metal hypobromite solution.

Abstract: A process wherein a particulate catalyst, which is disposed in at least two serially connected beds, is contacted by a hypochlorite containing liquid to decompose the hypochlorite and evolve oxygen is improved by arranging that the liquid flows in a direction counter to that of the evolved oxygen in each of the beds. The efficiency with which the hypochlorite is decomposed is greater than when the liquid is in cocurrent or alternating co and counter current flow.

Abstract: A portable oxygen generating system using the principle of exothermic catalytic decomposition of an aqueous hydrogen peroxide comprising a feed tank having a mouth to receive liquid hydrogen peroxide, a cap to seal the mouth during operation and an outlet pipe, an on/off valve to control discharge from the feed tank, a regular valve to stop discharge from the feed tank when pressure in the system is equal to a predetermined pressure, a reactor containing a catalyst of lead strips in which hydrogen peroxide is decomposed, a cooling coil to cool and condense the reaction products, a separator tank to hold liquid water and gaseous oxygen, a return pipe to the feed tank to balance pressure in the system, a drain with a drain valve to discharge water, and a product line to supply oxygen for use by an operator of the system.

Abstract: A transverse flow uniform droplet generator and method for its use. The droplet generator, such as is used with a gas laser system, produces singlet oxygen from a flow of droplets of liquid basic hydrogen peroxide (BHP) reacting with a transverse a flow of He/Cl.sub.2 gas mixture. The resulting flow of singlet oxygen travels in the same direction as the He/Cl.sub.2 gas mixture and the unreacted BHP is collected on the opposite of the reaction volume from which it enters. Very uniformly-size BEP droplets are formed by an injector which specific mechanical resonance characteristics and the flow of the BHP and the gas mixture in the generator volume is also carefully controlled.

Abstract: Provided is method and apparatus for regenerating basic hydrogen peroxide (BHP) solution. Such solution is run through filters which are alternated for continuous filtration thereof, while the non-used filter is being cleaned. The filtered BHP solution is then reacted with H.sub.2 O.sub.2 and KO.sub.2 or KOH in a cooled reactor and again filtered and fed to a cooled storage tank as replenished BHP solution. The replenished BHP solution can then be fed to a singlet oxygen generator (SOG) for reaction with Cl.sub.2 to emit singlet delta oxygen (to fuel a COIL laser system) and depleted BHP solution, which is then recycled for filtration and regeneration as before. Thus the process of the invention provides for continuous regeneration of BHP solution for extended use in a COIL. That is, extended COIL run times are required by a COIL for welding and/or cutting operations. At the same time the process of the invention minimizes the amount of BHP required to run the COIL since the BHP is regenerated and recycled.

Abstract: A system for preparing excited molecular oxygen in the excited singlet-delta electronic state for use in a chemical laser that minimizes salt formation utilizing the common ion effect. In one version, basic hydrogen peroxide is formed by combining H.sub.2 O.sub.2 and at least two bases. In another version of the invention, the basic hydrogen peroxide is reacted with a gas containing at least two halogen species.

Abstract: A method for preparing a composite oxide having oxygen absorbing and desorbing capability involves the steps of: providing a starting composite oxide comprising cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, and hafnium oxide; subjecting the starting composite oxide to heating-deoxidation to give a deoxidized composite oxide; and subjecting the deoxidized composite oxide to heating-oxidation.

Abstract: A composite oxide having oxygen absorbing and desorbing capability contains 4.99-98.89% by weight of cerium oxide, 1-95% by weight of zirconium oxide, 0.01-20% by weight of hafnium oxide, and 0.1-10% by weight of an additional metal oxide selected from titanium oxide, tungsten oxide, nickel oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, beryllium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, strontium oxide, barium oxide, oxides of rare earth metals other than cerium, and mixtures thereof. The composite oxide includes .PHI. phase as a crystal phase, and has oxygen absorbing and desorbing capability of at least 100 .mu.mol/g at 400.degree.-700.degree. C. The composite oxide is prepared by the wet method or by the dry method.

Abstract: A composite oxide having oxygen absorbing and desorbing capability contains 4.99-98.99% by weight of cerium oxide, 1-95% by weight of zirconium oxide and 0.01-20% by weight of hafnium oxide. The composite oxide includes .PHI.' phase as a crystal phase and has oxygen absorbing and desorbing capability of at least 100 .mu.mol/g at 400.degree. to 700.degree. C.

Abstract: The improved method achieves effective and economical decomposition of hydrogen peroxide and may be used in recycling hydrogen peroxide-containing spent sulfuric acid that has been used in wafer cleaning and other operations in the process of semiconductor fabrication or in removing residual hydrogen peroxide that will occur either within the papermaking process or in plant effluents as a consequence of a shift from chlorine-containing bleaching agents to oxygen-containing bleaching agents.When coke was added in an amount of 10 wt % to a solution of 0.88 wt % hydrogen peroxide in 72.6 wt % sulfuric acid, followed by treatment at 60.degree.-70.degree. C. for 4 hours, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide dropped to 0.0001 wt % and below. When coke was added in an amount of 10 wt % to each of a solution (pH, 0.94) of 1.0 wt % hydrogen peroxide in 1.1 wt % sulfuric acid and a solution (pH, 2.58) of 1.04 wt % hydrogen peroxide in sulfuric acid followed by treatment at 60.degree.-70.degree. C.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating excited singlet delta oxygen by effecting a chemical reaction between chlorine and basic hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: A passive catalytic ammonia converter operating in the water/steam mixture exiting the core of a boiling water reactor. The catalytic ammonia converter is made of catalytic material arranged and situated such that substantially all of the water/steam mixture entering the water/steam separator device flows over the surface of the catalytic material. The catalytic surfaces react ammonia and/or NO with O.sub.2 or H.sub.2 O.sub.2 in the water/steam mixture to form nitrite or nitrate. The passive catalytic ammonia converter is constructed to ensure that the pressure drop of the reactor water across the device is very small. The catalytic ammonia converter can include a plurality of stainless steel flow-through housings packed with catalytic ammonia converter material, which could take the form of tangled wire or strips, crimped ribbon, porous sintered metal composite or any other structure having a high surface area-to-volume ratio.

Abstract: A process is provided for the manufacture of a catalytically-active carbonaceous char capable of rapidly decomposing hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solutions. The process of the invention uses a low-temperature carbonization and extensive oxidation of a bituminous coal or material having bituminous properties followed by exposure to a nitrogen-containing compound as the temperature of the carbonized and extensively oxidized char is increased to minimally 700.degree. C. The resultant char may then be activated as desired. These catalytically-active chars have the ability to rapidly decompose aqueous solutions of hydrogen peroxide and are useful for catalytic conversion of H.sub.2 S, SO.sub.2, NO, chloramines, and/or peroxides in liquid and/or gaseous streams.

Abstract: A compound oxide having oxygen absorbing and desorbing capability contains 4.99-98.99% by weight of cerium oxide, 1-95% by weight of zirconium oxide and 0.01-20% by weight of hafnium oxide. The compound oxide has an oxygen absorbing and desorbing capability of at least 100 .mu.mol/g at 400-700.degree. C. and a specific surface area of at least 10 m.sup.2 /g after heating at 900.degree. C. for 5 hours.

Abstract: A high-activity hydrogen peroxide decomposition catalyst comprising an impregnated and calcined substrate with a catalyst mixture. The catalyst mixture comprises a hydrogen peroxide catalytically active compound containing a transition metal cation mixed with an alkaline promoter. A process for forming a high-activity hydrogen peroxide decomposition catalyst and a product of high-activity hydrogen peroxide decomposition are disclosed.