Abstract: A method of adding a medicament (or other added ingredient) to animal feed pellets is described, in which the medicament is contained in a cohesive gel which is mixed with the feed pellets. The gel coats the pellets substantially homogeneously, and leaves little contamination of the mixing vessel. Preferably, the gel has a viscosity in the range 5,000 to 20,000 cP, and is added to the feed pellets in an amount of between 2 and 40 kg/tonne.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a device for storing and/or delivering an effective amount of biological or pharmaceutical material to an animal comprising a tube disposed to contain said biological or pharmaceutical material and sealed at its ends and adapted to provide an opening through which the biological or pharmaceutical material exits and is administered to an intended site of the animal.

Abstract: A storage stable magnesium oxychloride coated granular animal feed mineral supplement composition resistant to disintegration cause by moisture absorption and attrition, comprising granular mineral nutrients useful as animal feed supplements and magnesium oxychloride coatings amounting to between 0.5 and 10.0 percent of the weight of the granules, formed on the granules of mineral nutrients by coreaction of magnesium chloride and magnesium oxide. An additional coating of between 0.2 and 2.0 percent magnesium stearate formed on the magnesium oxychloride may be used to decrease the rate of wetting of the granular animal feed mineral supplements.

Abstract: A dry composition of an ionophore antibiotic such as monensin comprising

Abstract: Nutritional or therapeutic compositions are provided for increasing ketone body levels in the blood of mammals by providing a source of ketone bodies in the form of linear or cyclic oligomers and/or derivatives of 3-hydroxyacids. The 3-hydroxyacid can be in the form of a linear oligomer of 3-hydroxyacids other than linear homo-oligomers of 3-hydroxybutyric acid if administered in combination with acetoacetate, cyclic oligomers of 3-hydroxyacids, esters of the linear or cyclic oligomers, esters of 3-hydroxyacids other than 3-hydroxybutyric acid, and combinations thereof. An oligomer generally refers to a polymer of three or more hydroxyacids. Preferred 3-hydroxyacids include 3-hydroxybutyrate, 3-hydroxyvalerate, 3-hydroxyhexanoate, and 3-hydroxyheptanoate. Oligomers of odd-carbon number 3-hydroxyacids such as 3-hydroxyvalerate have advantages since they have a higher energy content than oligomers of 3-hydroxyacids having an even-number of carbons.

Abstract: Solid dose ballistic projectile for medicating animals which comprises a biologically compatible projectile casing which defines an interior cavity having a wall with a frictionally engagement enhanced surface. A medicament payload, slightly oversized with respect to the cavity, is forced into the cavity engaging the frictionally-enhanced cavity surface for a tight, secure fit. The bullets are of improved accuracy and can be successfully implanted into the flesh of an animal with greater reliability.

Abstract: A wettable powder composition of crystalline monensin comprising from 90 to 95% (when expressed as the sodium salt) of crystalline monensin from 0.1 to 2% antifoam agent, from 0.1 to 5% wetting agent, from 0.1 to 5% dispersal agent, and from 0.1 to 5% suspension agent. The use of the composition is as a suspension in water alone or in conjunction with a milk replacer composition or a milk extender composition in water as a calf feed composition.

Abstract: A dry composition of an ionophore antibiotic such as monensin comprising from 10 to 95% (when expressed as the sodium salt) of at least one crystalline ionophore antibiotic, from 0 to 10% antifoam agent(s), from 0.

Abstract: Controlled release compositions of matter are disclosed comprising complexes for treating a population of one or more aquatic organisms in a column of water. The complexes comprise at least one system wherein the system comprises at least one bioactive agent as a component selected for treating a population of aquatic organisms, at least one carrier component, and at least one coating component for regulating the controlled release rate and release profile of the bioactive agent in water or at least one bioactive agent and one joint-function component that can serve as both a carrier and coating to regulate the controlled release rate and release profile of the bioactive agent in water, with or without optional binder components and/or additional formulation materials. The components are selected to sink or float so that the complexes will permeate and/or remain in any planar or volumetric segment of a water column for a period of time that is sufficient to effectively treat a population of aquatic organisms.

Abstract: A feedstock for feeding to animals is disclosed. The feedstock contains a mixture of feed for animals and shredded tires. Also disclosed is a method of using the feedstock to improve digestive efficiency and control harmful and toxic plants.

Abstract: Controlled release compositions of matter are disclosed comprising complexes for treating a population of one or more aquatic organisms in a column of water. The complexes comprise at least one system wherein the system comprises at least one bioactive agent as a component selected for treating a population of aquatic organisms, at least one carrier component, and at least one coating component for regulating the controlled release rate and release profile of the bioactive agent in water or at least one bioactive agent and one joint-function component that can serve as both a carrier and coating to regulate the controlled release rate and release profile of the bioactive agent in water, with or without optional binder components and/or additional formulation materials. The components are selected to sink or float so that the complexes will permeate and/or remain in any planar or volumetric segment of a water column for a period of time that is sufficient to effectively treat a population of aquatic organisms.

Abstract: An amino acid and/or a peptide are orally administrated to a neonatal ruminant whose fermenting function of the rumen has not yet developed thereby effecting a significant increase in the accumulation of fat between the muscle fibers as well as increase of the fattening effect during the fattening period.

Abstract: An antiinfective-free formulation for prophylactic treatment of mastitis in dry cows comprises a seal formulation having approximately 65% by weight of bismuth sub-nitrate in a gel based on aluminum stearate. The seal formulation is prepared by adding the bismuth sub-nitrate to the gel base in at least two separate stages.

Abstract: A process uses extrusion technology for the production of a dense amino acid feed supplement. The feed supplement comprises of one or more substantially pure amino acids preferably selected from a group of lysine, threonine or tryptophan, alone or in combination. In one embodiment, a substantially pure amino acid is mixed with water to provide an extrudable mixture with a desired moisture content. The extrudable mixture is fed into an extruder and extruded through a die to provide at least one noodle of dense cohesive material. In another embodiment, at least one noodle is segmented, dried, milled and sieved to provide granules with a particle size range of between about 177 micron and 1190 micron. In a further embodiment, two substantially pure amino acids are mixed to provide a mixture which is extruded to produce at least one noodle.

Abstract: An assay comprises contacting cells containing a conformationally altered protein with test compound and determining if the altered protein is cleared. The cells may be scrapie-infected neuroblastoma cells. Another assay comprises contacting organ or tissue homogenate (at pH 5.0 or less) with test compound to determine if altered protein in the homogenate is cleared. The homogenate may be brain homogenate from a transgenic mouse infected with human prions. Compounds which are found to clear the altered protein are useful in preventing, arresting and/or reversing (i.e. treating) a disease associated with the conformationally altered protein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of bicozamycins for the prophylaxis and treatment of infections with a verotoxin-producing E. coli, as well as for eradicating verotoxin-producing E. coli in livestock.

Abstract: A feed withdrawal composition is described which includes at least 70% by weight of a low D.E. starch hydrolysate. Due to the high solubility and digestibility characteristics of the composition, the composition may be fed to the animal up to 1-2 hours prior to slaughter. The composition results in (1) improvement in live weight at slaughter; (2) increased product yield and/or quality; and (3) reduced risk of carcass contamination in comparison to conventional programs of total feed withdrawal prior to slaughter.

Abstract: A composition for preventing and treating milk fever in freshening cows, and a method of administering the composition. The basic composition is a mixture of water, calcium chloride, propylene glycol, B vitamins and minerals. The calcium content is lower than conventional calcium treatments used for this purpose. The propylene glycol gives the cow an energy boost and sweetens the taste so the cow does not object to it as it does to conventional gels and liquids. The B vitamins stimulate the cow's appetite. The minerals replace minerals lost in the milk and also help the cow absorb calcium. The composition of the present invention is in a liquid form and is preferably administered using a 200-300 cc drench gun. The end of the dispensing tube of the drench gun is placed between the teeth and cheek of the cow near the receptors that stimulate the esophageal groove reflex.

Abstract: A process for formulating a ruminant food ration in which the methionine needs of the ruminant are determined, a plurality of natural or synthetic feed ingredients and the nutrient composition of each of said ingredients are identified wherein one of said ingredients is 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid or a salt, amide or ester thereof, and a ration is formulated from the identified feed ingredients to meet the determined methionine needs of the ruminant which comprises one or more grains, a hydroxy analog of methionine, and optionally a bypass fat wherein (i) the hydroxy analog of methionine is selected from the group consisting of 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid and the salts, amides and esters thereof, (ii) the hydroxy analog of methionine is added separately from any bypass fat which is included in the ration, and (iii) the ration is formulated on the basis that at least 20% of the hydroxy analog of methionine is assumed to be available for absorption by the ruminant.

Abstract: A feed additive for ruminants, comprising dried glutamic acid fermentation solubles, dried corn fermentation solubles, or a mixture of dried glutamic acid fermentation solubles and dried corn fermentation solubles, wherein said dried solubles have been dried to a total moisture content of less than 30% by weight at a temperature not less than about 80° F. and not more than about 900° F.

Abstract: Seaweed supplement is included in diet of mammals and poultry to enhance immune response. In one embodiment, pasture forage is treated with seaweed supplement. When cattle or lambs are grazed on seaweed supplement treated endophyte-infected forage, immune function is preserved or depressed immune function is reversed. The enhanced immune function continues to the feedlot finishing phase even though no seaweed supplement is fed in that phase. In an independently inventive embodiment, seaweed supplement is administered to pigs exposed to PRRS disease to impart resistance to said disease and improve performance. In still another independently inventive embodiment, seaweed supplement is administered to lactating mares prior to weaning to mitigate the stress of weaning.

Abstract: A process is provided for reducing adiposity in an animal such as a companion animal by feeding the animal an effective amount of Vitamin A for a time sufficient to reduce adiposity in the animal. Preferably, the such effective amount comprises from about 50,000 IU to about 1,000,000 IU of Vitamin A per kilogram of diet. Such an effective amount provides sufficient Vitamin A to decrease accumulation of body fat, increase UCP1 levels, and decrease serum leptin levels in the animal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition, in pellet form, useful for the nutritional and/or medicinal supplementation of ruminants and a method for admixing the pellets with foodstuff. The pellet contains granules of one or more active ingredients/principles protected against degradation in toe rumen and one or more binding agents capable of being solubilized, crosslinked or melted. Optionally, the pellet may also contain an unprotected active ingredient for release in the rumen. The pellet may further contain a disintegrating agent and/or filler.

Abstract: A time-release laminar pharmaceutical composition, comprised of rolled or folded layers of a polymer film, that contain a pharmaceutically active substance, in which the outer surface area of the polymer film which contains the active substance, and which is accessible to the digestive juices, amounts to at most 25% of the entire surface area in the rolled or folded state, and the rolled or folded layers adhere to one another in such a way that the laminar form of medication maintains its rolled or folded form for a period of at least one hour in the release test according to USP 23, Method A, apparatus 2, at 37° C. and 50 rpm, in artificial gastric juice, and at least 30% of the active substance contained in it is released in the rolled or folded state.

Abstract: A method and packaging for vaccinating or medicating an animal by implanting a solid dose medicament in an animal. The solid dose medicament, or plurality of such medicaments, are each color-coded to identify a particular active ingredient, then packaged in a pellet magazine through which the doses are visible, and thereafter the pellets are implanted, usually subcutaneously, into the base of the ear or in the neck of an animal. The same system can be used for colored ballistic implants.

Abstract: This invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for oral administration comprising a carrier and, as an active ingredient, a monoamine oxidase B inhibitor, characterised in that the composition is formulated to promote pre-gastric absorption of said monoamine oxidase B inhibitor. A process for preparing such a composition and the use of such a composition for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, the treatment and/or prophylaxis of depression and the treatment and/or prophylaxis of Alzheimer's disease are also provided.

Abstract: An antiinfective-free formulation for prophylactic treatment of mastitis in dry cows comprises a seal formulation having approximately 65% by weight of bismuth sub-nitrate in a gel based on aluminium stearate. The seal formulation is prepared by adding the bismuth sub-nitrate to the gel base in at least two separate stages.

Abstract: The invention relates to stable, pulverulent lycopene formulations, comprising lycopene having a degree of crystallinity of greater than 20%, processes for their preparation and their use as an additive to foodstuffs, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and animal feedstuffs.

Abstract: Oral active agent delivery system having improved flow controllers. A hollow tubular member containing the active agent formulation and having a fluid passing controller is placed at one end into a fluid and at a second end into a patient's mouth. The active agent is delivered when the patient sips on the end of the chamber. The improved controllers prevent leakage of the active agent formulation.

Abstract: A granular feed nutrient supplement is formed by pelletizing a mixture of minerals, vitamins and other nutrients along with a carrier such as cornmeal or the like and optionally a lubricant such as fat and/or a binder. The pellets are rolled to a desired size and combined with bulk feed. The size of the formed granules are maintained close to the average particle size of the bulk feed thereby ensuring that the granules remain suspended in the feed and do not separate. Preferably the density of the granules is close to (±30%) the density of the feed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for supplying bioavailable methionine to a cow which comprises supplying to the cow an ester of methionine or methionine amide and/or an ester of the hydroxy analogue of methionine or a salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improving the biological efficiency of utilization of protein in ruminant feeds by protection of such protein from substantial degradation in the rumen without markedly reducing the subsequent absorption of the amino acid constituents of the protein in the lower digestive tract. In one aspect of the invention this is achieved by mixing a protein containing material with a reducing carbohydrate and subjecting the mixture to heat, pressure and shear forces.

Abstract: A delivery device having a first chamber containing an osmotic agent, a membrane forming a wall of the first chamber through which fluid is imbibed by osmosis, a second chamber containing a beneficial agent to be delivered, and a moveable piston separating the two chambers. In fluid communication with the second chamber is an orifice which comprises a slit valve. In the presence of pressure, the beneficial agent pushes through the slit, opening up a channel for delivery of the beneficial agent and creating flow. Because the slit remains closed in the absence of flow (or when the pressure is below the pressure required to open the slit), back diffusion of external fluids is eliminated when the slit is closed, which prevents contamination of the beneficial agent in the second chamber by external fluids. In addition, forward diffusion of the beneficial agent out of the capsule is prevented when the slit is closed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of arresting, preventing and/or reversing the impairment of central and peripheral nervous system function comprising reducing insoluble protein deposit burden by the administration of branched polycationic compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing such branched polycationic compounds. The compounds used in the preferred method of the invention are branched dendritic polycations.

Abstract: Lysine and methionine which are limiting amino acids of dairy cows are administered to dairy cows to decrease the BUN value that has an adverse effect on the conception rate and to increase the blood glucose required to improve the energy balance, that alanine and glutamine are administered to dairy cows to increase the blood glucose and to improve the liver function, and that the use of these amino acids is effective for keeping good conditions of dairy cows, allowing earlier arrival of initial estrus without any stress, improving the mating conception rate and decreasing the non-conception rate.

Abstract: The invention discloses a mammalian teat dip for controlling mastitis, a method for preparing the composition and a method of treatment of mammals. The composition contains a film-forming polymer blend and at least one antimicrobial. The polymer blend contains a solvent-soluble, thermoplastic polyurethane and a hydrophilic poly(N-vinyl lactam). Upon application to mammalian skin, this composition leaves a long-lasting, water-resistant, residual, elastic film which treats and protects mammalian skin from infection.

Abstract: Reproductive performance and growth of non-human animals is enhanced by administering betaine to the animals. Betaine is administered to animals living under nutritional or lactational stress. Animal feeds for the enhancing of reproductive performance of animals contain betaine in addition to ingredients conventionally used in animal diets.

Abstract: Compositions, systems, and methods for the prevention of mastitis in milk producing animals is provided. In particular, the compositions comprise a source of zinc, preferably zinc gluconate, and chlorhexidine. The composition is applied to the teat of a milk producing animal such as a cow either by dipping the teat therein or spraying the composition thereon.

Abstract: A delivery system is disclosed for delivering a beneficial agent to an animal. The delivery system comprises a wall that surrounds a lumen, said wall comprising a composition that limits the passage of fluid into the system and a composition that permits the passage of fluid into the system. The lumen comprises a beneficial agent and an expandable member. The delivery system comprises an exit means for delivering the beneficial agent.

Abstract: A process for preparing animal fee blocks requiring minimum physical compression which consists of adding an aqueous feed mixture to dry or semi-moist nutritive ingredients and at least one alkaline earth metal oxide. The resulting non-pourable and non-pumpable mixture is then transferred to a receiver, such as a mold, and subjected to compression.

Abstract: Highly concentrated aqueous L-Tryptophan and/or L-Threonine salt solutions are used to supplement mixed feeds with L-Tryptophan and/or L-Threonine. They can be metered easily and accurately, can be produced in a highly concentrated form with a content of between 30 and 70% and are storage stable to a surprisingly high degree (slight tendency to crystallize, no chemical decomposition, no racemization) even over a relatively long period of at least three months when outside temperatures are low.

Abstract: Means for delivering a beneficial substance such as vitamin E to an animal, employing a pump means in the form of a device (10, 110 or 210) containing a material such as a silicate gel which swells by absorption of waer, for example from the digester in the case of a bolus, to apply pressure to an elastic container for the beneficial substance, whereby to cause the beneficial substance to be expelled through an exit orifice.

Abstract: A digestible pouch and method for aiding in the oral administration of substances suitable for ingestion, in particular medicinal agents, is disclosed. Specific embodiments of the invention include a pouch formed of an edible food stuff material that is pleasing to the recipient, wherein the pouch comprises an inner compartment area for housing the particular substance prior to oral administration. The inventive pouch is particularly useful in administering medications to common domestic animals and children to whom oral administration of such medications is often difficult.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a formulation for an oral veterinary composition containing a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a method of treating a microbial infection in a ruminant. The present veterinary composition, when administered orally to a ruminating animal (e.g., a cow or a feedlot calf), allows the fluoroquinolone to be readily and extensively absorbed from the rumen into the circulating blood and provides an unexpectedly extended duration of therapeutic antimicrobial blood level.

Abstract: A method of reducing the stress in meat producing animals and of improving the quality of the meat produced from slaughtering said animals, while reducing the number of animals lost due to incapacitation, injury, or untimely death, by administering to the animals an effective amount of epinephrine or an epinephrine-like drug sufficient to acclimate the animal, and allowing the animal then to rest before loading the animal to be slaughtered by industry standard procedures for such meat producing animals. This method produces a meat with high sensory qualities.

Abstract: A feed additive that provides increased feed conversion ratio is prepared containing a physiologically acceptable carrier and one or more of five thermostable xylanases from Microtetraspora flexuosa, preferably strain ATCC 35864. The xylanases can tolerate heating for one minute in a water bath at 95.degree. C. without substantial loss of activity, and tolerate alkaline conditions in a pH range of 7.0-10.0. A feed for poultry or pigs contains the xylanases in a feed containing at least 20% by weight cereal. The five xylanases have the following characteristics: (i) a molecular weight of about 33,100 daltons, a pI of about 8.5, and a maximum activity at pH 7.0-7.5 at a temperature of about 70.degree. C.; (ii) a molecular weight of about 33,300 daltons, a pI of about 7.5, and a maximum activity at pH 7.0-7.5 at a temperature of about 65.degree. C.; (iii) a molecular weight of about 31,000 daltons, a pI of about 6.2, and a maximum activity at pH 7.5 at a temperature of about 65.degree. C.

Abstract: The use of alkane-1,2-diols for inactivating skin microorganisms by topical application includes 1,2-Octanediol used against the germs that cause acne and dandruff, as well as those that cause mastitis in dairy animals, and its activity strengthened by a synergistic interaction with gels such as glycerol poly(meth)acrylate.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an oral active agent delivery system comprising improved flow controllers. A hollow tubular member (10) containing the active agent formulation and having a fluid passing controller (14) is placed at one end (16) into a fluid and at a second end (18) into a patient's mouth. The active agent is delivered when the patient sips on the end of the chamber. The improved controllers prevent leakage of the active agent formulation.

Abstract: A process for removing nitrogenous wastes from animals with hepatic disease is provided and includes the steps of feeding an animal a diet consisting essentially of a pet food composition containing fermentable fibers which have an organic matter disappearance of from about 15 to about 60 percent when fermented by fecal bacteria for a 24 hour period, said fibers being present in amounts from about 1 to about 11 percent by weight of supplemental total dietary fiber, and maintaining the animal on that diet for a sufficient period of time to allow the fermentable fibers to ferment in the colon of the animal to enhance bacterial activity and provide an acidic environment in said colon for trapping the nitrogenous wastes for excretion through the feces of the animal.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for preserving untanned animal hides, wherein the compositions comprise 50-95% (w/w) of a polyether antibiotic and 5-25% (w/w) of a surface-acting agent. In these compositions, greater than 90% of the polyether antibiotic has a particle size of less than 25 microns, and the surface-acting agent is present in an amount that is effective to disperse the polyether antibiotic uniformly in an aqueous suspension.