Abstract: A method of preparing a baked or fined product from leavened dough, includes a) forming a dough by combining flour, water, a slow reacting leavening system including a leavening acid and a leavening base and optionally one or more other bakery ingredients, the slow reacting leavening system containing (a) a slow reacting leavening acid selected from the group consisting of sodium acid pyrophosphate, calcium acid pyrophosphate, aluminium phosphate, sodium aluminium phosphate, glucono-o-lactone, encapsulated leavening acids and combinations thereof, and/or (b) an encapsulated leavening base; b) shaping the dough; c) proofing the dough at a temperature in the range of 5-45° C. for at least 40 minutes to obtain a proofed dough with a specific volume of at least 1.4 ml/g; and d) baking or frying the proofed dough; wherein prior to the proofed dough is stored under ambient conditions for more than 1 hour.

Abstract: An oven and method of processing products such as fish and shellfish are disclosed. The oven may include a chamber that may be heated to ultra-high temperatures, such as within a range of about 600-2500° F. (315-1371° C.). A burner may heat the chamber from an exterior of the chamber such that the chamber may provide a uniform radiant heat inside the chamber. The products may be carried through the chamber on a conveyor belt to heat a surface of the products to brown and denature the surface, destroy microorganisms, and place grill marks on the products. The products may then be packaged in a microwavable package or boil-in-the-bag film such that the products may be cooked at a later time in a microwave oven or boiling water bath.

Abstract: A method of treatment of fresh produce including blanching fresh produce, rapid cooling of the fresh produce following the blanching, and packaging the fresh produce following the rapid cooling.

Abstract: The invention relates to baked potatoes and, particularly, to convenient forms of baked potatoes having an optimally-baked flavor and texture which can be simply prepared for serving in any size portion with a minimum of effort. In one preferred form, the product will be in the form of baked potato pieces with the skin attached, preferably having a moisture content of from about 70 to about 75% and flavor and texture profiles characteristic of optimally baked potatoes. A process and an apparatus for preparing the potatoes and a packaged form are also provided. The process calls for freezing a baked potato and subdividing the potato into discrete pieces of a size of from about 0.5 to about 1.5 inches, preferably by means comprising at least one roller pair comprising a plurality of rotatably mounted blades with cutting edges angularly offset (FIG. 7) or diagonally-opposed, spaced cutting blades (FIG. 7).

Abstract: There is provided a microwavable vacuum-packed frozen sushi product comprising: a flexible plastic packing bag which is vacuumed to a pressure of 50 to 600 mmHg and, in the pressure-reduced state, hermetically sealed; an open-topped plastic box placed in the plastic packing bag; a laminated metal foil placed on the bottom of the plastic box; and a sushi product placed in the plastic box with its sushi material or materials in contact with the laminated metal foil; the microwavable vacuum-packed frozen sushi product being such that an inner surface of the plastic packing bag is in contact with a rice section of the sushi product; and the plastic packing bag, the plastic box, the laminated metal foil and the sushi product are frozen together in a unified form, in which water vapor emanating from the sushi product in the thawing flow through a space formed around the sushi product to effect heating of the rice section and the sushi material or materials of the sushi product, thereby diminishing temperature uneve

Abstract: A method of packing a food, and heat treating the food for purposes of extending its shelf-life, in a packaging container made of a packaging laminate comprising a core layer of paper or paperboard and outer plastic coatings of polyethylene, preferably low density polyethylene. The filled and sealed packaging container is conveyed through a treatment chamber or tunnel comprising a heating zone in which the packaging container is heated to the desired treatment temperature, e.g. 80-100° C., a holding zone in which the packaging container is kept at the desired treatment temperature and a cooling zone, wherein the packaging container during both of these treatment phases is subjected to an outer support pressure of less than 0.5 bar, preferably 0.2-0.3 bar.

Abstract: A microwavable vacuum-packed frozen sushi product comprising: a flexible microwave-safe plastic packing bag which is vacuumed to a pressure of 50 to 600 mmHg and, in the pressure-reduced state, hermetically sealed; an open-topped plastic box placed in said packing bag; and a sushi product placed in said box; said vacuum-packed frozen sushi product being such that a space is formed in said packing bag in the pressure-reduced state around said sushi product and the space has, in total, a volume 0.1 to 0.7 times that of said sushi product; an inner surface of said packing bag is in contact with an upper surface of said sushi product; and said packing bag, said box and said sushi product are frozen together in a unified form. Water vapor generated during thawing is allowed to flow through a space formed between the sushi material and the box and the packing bag to heat a rice section and a material or materials, thereby providing the sushi product with diminished unevenness in temperature distribution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a frozen confection in a container having various layers of inclusion material and of confection material as well as to the production of such a frozen confection.

Abstract: A method of freezing meat in a marinade includes coating a piece of meat in a marinade, placing the coated meat in a bag which can be vacuum sealed, vacuum sealing the meat and the marinade in the bag, and freezing the meat by immersing the sealed bag in a brine solution containing between 0.05% and 1.0% by weight of cruciferous oil, the brine solution being at a temperature between ?22 and ?43.6° F. The meat is preferably sealed and frozen without allowing any substantial time for marination, whereby the meat can be thawed and marinated according to the time for a piece of fresh meat placed in the marinade.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a consumer food storage package to preserve the freshness of food, having an absorbent food pad positioned within a food storage container. The container or absorbent food pad can have a securing means, so that the pad can be positioned in place in the food storage container. Also disclosed is a method for using the food storage package to preserve the freshness of food.

Abstract: A frozen food package and method of using the same is disclosed. The food package includes a bag which is freezable, ovenable and microwaveable. A frozen food assembly within the bag includes uncooked food, preferably an entree. Typically, the food assembly includes a meat, a fruit or vegetable, and a flavoring liquid such as infused oil, stock or a dairy product. The uncooked food and frozen liquid are typically shaped to facilitate aligning the frozen food with a display window of the bag. Preferably the food assembly is free of chemical preservatives and need not use preformed sauces. The method typically includes providing the frozen uncooked food in the bag, sealing the bag so that the bag is impermeable to liquids, and cooking the food in the bag while the bag is sealed. The resulting cooked dish is a substantial improvement over the well-known precooked frozen meals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a procedure for packaging a product comprising pieces of fresh fish meat, in shipments that retain a mixture of gases to create a modified atmosphere (MAP), wherein said procedure allows transportation of the product in cold storage lockers for prolonged periods. In some embodiments, the fresh fish is salmonid, and in other embodiments, the fresh fish is salmon.

Abstract: Composite frozen confection comprising: a frozen confection holding device in the form of a stick container (1) filled with a dessert component that is liquid at low negative temperature and a body of frozen confection which is supported by the stick container (1) filled with dessert and in which the stick is anchored; A visual effect is produced on the frozen confection (6) upon consumption which can be a flow effect on the frozen confection surface, like a volcano; a hair effect over a clown face; a product expansion by effervescence on the surface of the frozen confection; a dispersion of solid additions at the surface of the frozen confection or a combination of the above effects.

Abstract: An improved method of serving a slushy drink is provided wherein a manufactured slush is filled into a container (I) to occupy at least 70% of the volume of the container and then hardened to produce a frozen product in the container. The frozen product is then transported through a cold chain to a retail outlet. Following warming to a temperature of between ?14 and ?5° C., the frozen product is transformed into the slushy drink, preferably by deforming the container.

Abstract: An automated food processing system and method is provided that allows food to be dispensed, fried and packaged in a suitable container, which may be an individual portion-sized container. In one embodiment, the system includes separate automated modules for dispensing, frying and packaging the food. In one embodiment, an automated dispensing device dispenses a predetermined portion of food from a food dispensing magazine located in a freezer. Food is dispensed from the magazine to a secondary container located within the freezer for containing a plurality of pieces dispensed from the food magazine. A device is provided for determining the number of food pieces in the container located in the secondary container and for dumping the secondary container so that food pieces contained in the secondary container are dumped to a location outside of the freezer.

Abstract: A method of packaging and freezing food substance comprising shaping of a plate of unfrozen food substance and subsequent packaging and freezing of the unfrozen plate of food substance, and wherein a carton packaging is used for packaging the unfrozen plate of the food substance that comprises a substantially rectangular bottom panel with two opposed, long side panels and two opposed, short end panels and a substantially rectangular cover panel, wherein the cover panel and the bottom panel are preferably connected to each other via one of the short end panels; wherein the unfrozen plate of food substance is arranged directly on the bottom face of the carton packaging, following which the cover panel of the carton package is closed over the bottom panel, such that the unfrozen plate of food substance is enclosed completely by the bottom panel, cover panel and side panels of the carton packaging, and following which the carton packaging containing the unfrozen plate of food substance is arranged in a freezer wi

Abstract: Method for providing a heat treated filled and closed can, including the consecutive steps of: filling a metal cup, closing the metal cup with a lid making a gas tight heat treatable can, heat treating the can, wherein measures are taken to achieve an under-pressure in the can after closing the cup and wherein the can is chosen that is either of a flexible type on the one hand or of a rigid type with increased strength provided with a seal on lid on the other hand. The measures comprise a step belonging to the group of steps consisting of: using a partly frozen filling; having the filling include constituents that interact after closing so as to lower the specific volume of the filling in the can; adding steam to the cup after filling and before closing; closing the cup under sub-atmospheric pressure; and partly evacuating the can after closing.

Abstract: A method for demolding a body of frozen confection encased in a flexible disposable mold includes the steps of slicing the mold, applying heat to the mold sufficient to soften a surface portion of the body of confection to permit the mold to slip from the body, directing gas into the slit mold to open the mold and to separate the mold from the body, and applying suction to the mold to pull the mold free of the body. The invention further includes an assembly for effecting the method, the assembly including a slicer, a heater, a blower, and a suction device.

Abstract: An assembly and method for forming a frozen confection portion of a frozen confection type food product, the assembly comprising a mold assembly provided with a mold cavity of a selected configuration ad formed by a flexible inert casing, a pump for moving confection into the mold cavity and casing to fill the mold cavity and casing, sealing means for sealing the ends of the casing to provide a link of confection, a cutter device for separating the link from adjoining links, freezing devices for receiving and further freezing the link, and apparatus for opening the casing of the link and permitting the frozen confection to exit out of the casing in the selected configuration.

Abstract: An efficient manufacturing and distribution system for food products that are normally served at temperatures well below ambient uses a two stage manufacturing process. In the first stage, a neutral base product is prepared in bulk and is shipped to point of sale at ambient temperatures by common carrier, private trucking, parcel express, mail, etc. At the point of sale, a user selected quantity of it is finished to the specification of the user by aerating it, adding flavorings, mix-ins, etc. as desired, chilling it, and delivering it to the consumer.

Abstract: A scoopable dough can be used to prepare cut biscuits, drop biscuits, dumplings, flat bread, crackers, pizza dough, doughnuts, fritters, hushpuppies, muffins, pastry crusts, coffee cake, quick bread, scones, cobbler-type crust, and the like. A scoopable dough has desirable viscoelastic properties and is shelf stable without being stored in a container that is deoxygenated and/or hermetically sealed at freezing and refrigeration temperatures. A scoopable dough includes flour, a protein supplement, a shortening, a humectant, a leavening system having at, least portion of the leavening system encapsulated, and water. The flour and water can be in a flour-to-water ratio of between about 2:1 and about 1:1. A scoopable dough can also include a texture-modifying agent, an emulsifier, a hydrocolloid, a dough-developing agent, a nutritional supplement, a flavoring, a shelf-life stabilizer, an organic acid, and/or a binder of metal ions.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for defining the processing of an ingredient of a manufactured product, particularly one that is manufactured “one-the-spot” to a consumer's specification, such as ice cream, among other products. A tag encoded on a container for the product carries indicia that, directly or indirectly, define one or more formulations for the product. Apparatus into which the ingredient is loaded sets the processing of ingredients in accordance with the formulations so specified. By connecting the apparatus which is to process the ingredients to a control station, the formulations may be changed at will.

Abstract: A scoopable dough can be used to prepare cut biscuits, drop biscuits, dumplings, flat bread, crackers, pizza dough, doughnuts, fritters, hushpuppies, muffins, pastry crusts, coffee cake, quick bread, scones, cobbler-type crust, and the like. A scoopable dough can be formed into various shapes and thereafter stored at temperatures suitable for freezing and at temperatures suitable for refrigeration that includes flour, water, a protein supplement, a shortening, a humectant, and a leavening system encapsulated, and the scoopable dough has desirable viscoelastic properties. The various shapes of the scoopable dough can be in the form of individual single-serve units of dough that can be placed in an oven and baked without an intermediate thawing or proofing step.

Abstract: The preservation of meat products is accomplished utilizing a combination of smoke, ozone and freezing preservation techniques. Particularly, fish products are sized into portions that are first treated with smoke, followed by treatment with ozone and then optionally frozen. The preservation system extends the shelf life of the fish products and permits the fish to maintain its freshness and freedom from bacterial decomposition for a longer period of time following catch. The preservation process further maintains the characteristics of day caught fish, such as taste, texture and color, making the refreshed fish products produced by the present system more appealing to consumers.

Abstract: A system and method for packing agricultural produce including functionality for: providing a container having at least one communications aperture formed in a wall thereof; providing at least one flexible controlled permeability bag within the container; providing at least one bag aperture in the at least one flexible controlled permeability bag in general registration with the at least one communications aperture; sealing the produce inside the at least one flexible controlled permeability bag within the container, while leaving the at least one bag aperture and the at least one communications aperture open; providing atmosphere treatment within the at least one bag via the at least one bag aperture and the at least one communications aperture; and sealing at least one of the at least one bag aperture and the at least one communications aperture.

Abstract: A method of preparation and delivery of pocket bread in which the pocket bread is cut immediately after baking, the walls of the pocket bread are separated along the cut line, and individual pieces of pocket bread are nested one inside another to create a stack. Each piece of pocket bread is therefore pre-opened, and the stack is packaged for delivery to consumers.

Abstract: A one-dish frozen dinner product having an integral bread ring is provided. A method for making a one-dish frozen dinner product having an integral bread ring is also provided. The one-dish frozen dinner product preferably includes a receptacle containing the one-dish frozen dinner product, a baking shield upstanding above the receptacle, and a shipping carton. Even more preferably, the baking shield is placed at the bottom of the receptacle containing the one-dish frozen dinner product and is configured for a nesting fit. The baking shield may have either a frustoconical sidewall or a concave trough-like sidewall.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of producing, storing and displaying red meat.

Abstract: A self-cooling package for beverages that includes a cooling device internal to the package and a connection to a pumping device external to the package. The internal cooling device is formed by a cavity filled with a coolant that evaporates under the effect of a depression.

Abstract: A measuring and storage container. The container includes one or more compartments for receiving respective portions of a substance. The compartments bear respective indicia indicating the position of at least one fill level. The fill level for a compartment is at an elevation below a maximum filling elevation for the compartment.

Abstract: A process of making a containerized frozen whipped topping by the following steps is improved: (a) forming a mixture comprising water, water-soluble carbohydrate, fat, protein, emulsifying agent, and thickener; (b) pasteurizing the mixture; (c) homogenizing the mixture to form an oil-in-water emulsion; (d) cooling the emulsion to a temperature in the range of about 27 to 45° F.; (e) holding the emulsion at a temperature in the range of about 27 to 45° F. for a long enough time to allow at least some of the fat to crystallize; (f) aerating and whipping the emulsion, under superatmospheric pressure, into a topping; (g) dispensing the topping into containers; and (h) freezing the topping while in the containers. The improvement, which allows lower pressures to be used in step f, involves using two turbulent mixing zones, in which a higher average shear rate is used in the second zone than in the first zone.

Abstract: A container includes a flexible bag including at least two bag sides in an opposed relationship wherein each bag side has two lateral edges, a bag closure extending from one lateral edge to another lateral edge, and a bag bottom spaced from the bag closure. The bag also includes a flexible jacket, external to the bag, the jacket having at least two jacket sides opposing the bag sides, and a jacket bottom. The jacket sides and the jacket bottom define a volume into which part of the flexible bag is disposed, such that the bag bottom is at least partially contained within the volume and is spaced from the jacket bottom.

Abstract: The cooling tunnel is applicable to automatic packaging installations and comprises a main conveyor belt (1) adapted for the transport of packages (2) filled with hot liquid products through a cooling device (3), loading means (4) of packages (2) onto the main conveyor belt (1), unloading means (5) of packages (2) from the conveyor belt (1) and emptying means (6) of the packages (2). The loading means (4) are adapted for loading the packages (2) onto the main conveyor belt (1) forming successive sets (15), in which the packages (2) form an arrangement of orthogonal rows and columns, whereas the unloading means (5) are adapted for the simultaneous unloading of the packages (2) from each row of the sets (15) of packages (2).

Abstract: The invention relates to a plated frozen meal comprising a plate, a first group of individually frozen predominantly meat-based ingredients positioned on the plate, a second group of individually frozen predominantly carbohydrate-based or predominantly vegetable-based ingredients positioned on the plate, and at least one pellet of frozen sauce. The at least one pellet of frozen sauce is positioned such that when it thaws it facilitates the thawing or heating of at least one of the first or second groups of ingredients. This invention is also directed to a method of increasing the rate of thawing or heating of a frozen plated meal.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a peeled and cooked shrimp product includes the steps of placing peeled raw shrimps side-by-side on a shape setting platter, covering the shrimps with a mesh, cooking the shrimps, removing the mesh from the cooked shrimps, covering the shrimps with a cover, turning assembly of the cover and the shape setting platter upside down, removing the shape setting platter, superimposing a packaging platter on the cover, and turning assembly of the cover and the packaging platter upside down.

Abstract: A frozen sauce delivery system provides a sauce for a frozen food product in the form of a plurality of frozen sauce chips. Depending on the type of sauce being provided, the sauce may be formed into one or more different types of chips. Each type of chip is formed from a mixture that may include a portion of the ingredients used to form the sauce. Each mixture is then apportioned and frozen as chips. The melting temperature of the chip ingredients can be formulated to be higher than the melting temperature of the overall sauce. A plurality of each type of sauce chip is then included in a package along with frozen food items to create the frozen food product. This frozen food product may then be prepared, preferably using heat, to form a finished food dish that includes heated food items coated in the heated sauce.

Abstract: Roast coffee bean freshness is maintained by storing just roasted beans in a sealed container having much less than 1.0% oxygen therein. Storage of roasted coffee at very low temperatures (less than −40 degrees F. (−40 degrees C.)) also preserves the freshness of the coffee. The combination of low oxygen and low temperature storage provides the freshly roasted coffee taste and a long shelf life for that preserved taste.

Abstract: A frozen slushy drink product in a flexible pouch and a method for producing and packaging the same is provided. A calcium component, a stabilizer component, and a distinctively flavored component are combined and pasteurized at a temperature over about 180° F. The pasteurization causes the stabilizer component, in concert with the calcium component, to cause hydrophilic thickening. The product is packaged in a flexible pouch and is immediately consumable by a consumer after removal from a home freezer and manual manipulation of the pouch in order to break up the ice crystals and ensure a desirable slushy consistency.

Abstract: A process for preparing and supplying an individual dessert product. The process involves providing at least one disposable ramekin having a desired shape and made from a material adapted to withstand sub-freezing temperatures without cracking or distorting. A dessert mixture is prepared and then a prescribed portion of the dessert mixture is deposited into the disposable ramekin. The disposable ramekin and dessert mixture is subjected to a temperature below the freezing point of the dessert mixture to cause the dessert mixture to freeze. The frozen dessert and disposable ramekin are then packaged and delivered to a location for subsequent use. When it is desired to provide an individual dessert, the frozen dessert is removed from the disposable ramekin and placed in a serving ramekin with an internal contour substantially the same as the shape of the frozen dessert. The frozen dessert is thawed and served to the customer.

Abstract: A frozen food product which includes a raw protein portion, a raw or an only partially cooked or blanched vegetable portion and a sauce, contained in a sealed cooking pouch made primarily of paper and a susceptor layer, preferably aluminum, which may be placed in an oven or microwave oven so as to cook the contents of the cooking pouch. The raw protein product is preferably one of fish, beef, poultry, pork or veal. The vegetables are raw or blanched vegetables such as julienne peppers, celery, carrots, onions, zucchini or broccoli. The blanched vegetables are only partially cooked so that the time remaining to complete cooking of the vegetables is approximately the same as the time required to cook the raw protein portion.

Abstract: A method for processing headed varieties of vegetables such as iceberg lettuce so as to remove all dirt, insects, and other debris from the vegetable and to allow shipping and transport of the vegetable while preserving the characteristics and versatility of the vegetable in a fresh form. The method comprises harvesting (10) the vegetable at or near maturity and then coring the vegetable (12). Latex is removed from cut surfaces (13) and a solubilized edible coating may be applied (14). A plurality of cored and separated leaves are made by separation of the leaves using a flow of water (15). The cored and separated leaves are then washed multiple times with each successive wash done using successively reduced water temperature (16). The plurality of separated leaves are maintained in a cool environment, preferably from 32 to 45 degrees F.

Abstract: A process for providing a home meal replacement as herein defined, comprising: (i) providing a carrier tray for each meal of the home meal replacement to be served, (ii) introducing the meal into each carrier tray and subjecting the meal to conditions that inhibit microorganism growth and contamination of the meal, the meal consisting of one or more foods that are introduced into each carrier tray at desired positions to simulate a gourmet meal, (ii) freezing the meal in each carrier tray to a temperature that enables the meal to be cold stored until the meal is ready to be served, (iv) providing a serving dish for each carrier tray wherein the serving dish is of a size and shape that corresponds substantially to that of the carrier tray, (v) manipulating each carrier tray in such a way that the frozen meal therein is transferred into its respective serving dish, the meal being presented in its respective serving dish such that the one or more foods are located in the same relative positions as in the respect

Abstract: Packaging for microwavable convenience foods, such as tamales, and a related method for microwave steam heating or cooking of such foods. The food packaging includes an unvented, sealed, stretchable plastic bag enclosing a food product and a moisture pad which is placed on top of the food product. The pad serves to shield the food product from direct microwave radiation, and to provide a source of steam generated by absorption of the waves in the water of the pad.

Abstract: A intended in particular for equipping a tunnel for refrigeration of products such as food products, wherein this tunnel has a gaseous current flowing through it. The fan includes at least one pair of funnels (1) fixed onto one face of a support (2) mounted so that it can rotate about a vertical axis (XX) and connected to a device for driving rotation. The funnels have their entrance apertures (4) arranged radially so as to allow the gaseous current to penetrate into them and to emerge from them at an accelerated speed via their exit aperture (S). One or several fans [according to the invention] can be arranged at appropriate places in the tunnel, their rotation speed being chosen so that the exit gas currents from the funnels ensure a high degree of heat transport while reducing the risk of undesirable movement of products passing by on a conveyor placed below the fans.

Abstract: Instant menu pack having a substantially tray-like base part, whose circumferential side wall diverges outwards from a substantially flat bottom towards the upper edge thereof and passes there into an outwardly projecting, substantially flat, bottom-parallel, circumferential marginal flange, an instant menu filled into the base part having at least two components with a different consistency, which is preferably pre-cooked and deep-freezable after filling into the base part, and a sealing foil sealed onto the marginal flange after filling the instant menu, characterized in that the base part is made from a material permeable to microwave energy and which can absorb water at least in its surface layer facing the instant menu and whose thermal expansion coefficient in the temperature range between −20° C.

Abstract: The frozen dessert products of the present invention preferably comprise a base mixture of, on a percent solids (dry) basis, about 1% to about 12% high fructose corn syrup, about 5% to about 20% corn syrup having a DE of about 36, about 2% to about 22% sucrose, about 2% to about 6% maltodextrin, about 0.2% to about 5% egg white, about 1% to about 9% FRUITRIM® blend (comprising fruit juices and natural grain dextrins), about 0.2% to about 1.5% stabilizer, about 0% to about 0.12% emulsifier, about 0% to about 1.5% modified food starch, about 0% to about 5% milk fat, about 0% to about 10% milk solids non-fat (MSNF) with the balance being water, and on a volume basis, from about 20% to about 90% fruit puree. Flavor ingredients may be added. The method of production for the frozen dessert products comprises the steps of blending the above ingredients to form a base mixture, pasteurizing and homogenizing the base mixture, adding fruit puree to form a final mixture, extruding to a final density of about 4.

Abstract: There is provided a method for producing a frozen fried food for a microwave cooking comprising the step of a freezing of, particularly a very quick freezing (immediate quick freezing) of a deep-fat fried food, more particularly immediately after the oil-cooking thereof, at a moving speed of the freezing front exceeding 20 cm/h. A frozen product of deep-fat fried food capable of re-exhibiting a favorable crispness of a breading even after heating the frozen food by a microwave oven, and also capable of maintaining such favorable eating quality even after a prolonged storage thereof in a domestic freezer can be produced.

Abstract: A method for pre-baking treatment of a chunk of frozen bread dough includes placing the chunk of frozen bread dough in a container and keeping an inner temperature of the container in a range of 17° C. to 40° C. and relative humidity in the container in a range of 50% to 75% to thaw and proof the chunk of frozen bread dough continuously. The inner temperature of the container is lowered to a range of −20° C. to 15° C. at a lowering rate of at least 0.2° C./min after proofing the bread dough. A temperature difference between a dew point of air inside the container and a surface temperature of the bread dough is controlled to be within 20° C. during the lowering step. The bread dough is taken out from the container, shaped, and finally proofed in a proofer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the optimum bio-storage temperature of biological materials. The temperature is between the melting point depression of the biological material and zero degrees C. The melting point depression temperature is determined by thermography, differential scanning calorimetry and cryomicroscopy.

Abstract: In order to produce a frozen, composite food product including at least two components, a continuous flow of pieces of the first component is advanced along a mixing tank in which the pieces are simultaneously tossed and a continuous flow of at least one second component is spread on the first component as it advances through the mixing tank.