Preparation Of Animal Feed Patents (Class 426/54)
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Patent number: 5312632Abstract: There is described a method for the manufacture of fodder and/or soil improving agents by anaerobic or aerobic fermentation of environmentally disturbing aquatic plants, specifically water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), which, if desired, have been comminuted.Type: GrantFiled: August 26, 1992Date of Patent: May 17, 1994Assignees: Vertikum Magas-es Melyepitmenyjavito Kisszovetkezet, Henri-Davis GutmansInventors: Peter Simsa, Jeno Toth, Lajos Czako, Pal Mihaltz
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Patent number: 5240721Abstract: A device for controlling fermentation and ensilagation of food for use with an apparatus for fermenting and ensilaging is disclosed. The device comprising a key input unit manually controlled by a user so as to set the rate of fermentation and the ripeness stage. A microprocessor controls the respective units in accordance with a preset program and in response to signals representing the present rate of fermentation and ripeness setting provided by the key input unit. A load control unit controls a heating unit and a cooling unit in response to a control signal applied thereto from the microprocessor and representing the present rate of fermentation and the ripeness stage. A temperature detecting unit detects the present temperature inside an ensilaging container and outputs a signal representing the detected temperature to the microprocessor.Type: GrantFiled: July 30, 1991Date of Patent: August 31, 1993Assignee: SamSung Electronics Co., Ltd.Inventor: Kwang H. Yun
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Patent number: 5198252Abstract: There is described a method for the manufacture of fodder and/or soil improving agents by anserobic or serobic fermentation of environmental disturbing aquatic plants, specifically water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), which, if desired, have been comminuted.Type: GrantFiled: August 23, 1990Date of Patent: March 30, 1993Assignee: Henri-Davis GutmansInventors: Peter Simsa, Jeno Toth, Lajos Czako, Pal Mihaltz
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Patent number: 5082675Abstract: This invention relates to aqueous compositions suitable for ensiling substrates said composition comprising formic acid and octanoic acid. The composition may contain in addition other components such as propionic acid and ammonia to improve ease of handling.The feature of the invention is that octanoic acid, which when used alone, has no ensiling or fermentation activity, has enhanced ensiling activity when used in conjunction with formic acid and thus increases nutritionally desirable sugars in the ensiled product.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 1990Date of Patent: January 21, 1992Assignee: BP Chemicals LimitedInventors: David A. Jackson, Edward McGee, David A. Parker
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Patent number: 5047332Abstract: A feedstock containing a biomass such as lignocellulosic materials, e.g. forest biomass; agricultural residues; or manures, is pretreated and thereafter is fractionated into cellulose, lignin and hemicelluloses. New mutants are disclosed which include Chaetomium cellulolyticum IAF-101 (NRRL 18756), Aspergillus sp. IAF-201 (NRRL 18758), Penicillum sp. IAF-603 (NRRL 18759), and Trichoderma reesei QMY-1. With these new mutants and also known fungi including Pleurotus sajor-caju and other Pleurotus spp. unfractionated predetermined biomass is converted into feed. The same treatment can also be applied to hemicelluloses, and cellullose. Cellulose can also be hydrolyzed by means of a cellulase-system prepared from cellulose and Tricoderma reesei to prepare glucose which can be converted to alcohol with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Kluyveromyces spp. and Zymomonas mobilis. The residual microbial biomass of these microorganisms from alcohol fermentation broth is also used as feed.Type: GrantFiled: September 3, 1986Date of Patent: September 10, 1991Assignee: Institut Armand-Frappier-Univ. of QuebecInventor: Devinder S. Chahal
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Patent number: 5002778Abstract: A process for producing silage from fermentable forage chop is provided. The process consists of first preparing a microbial product by incubating fermentable vegetable matter in a brine and isolating the microbial product from the brine. The forage chop is then inoculated with the microbial product at a rate of from 10.sup.2 -10.sup.7 colony-forming units/g forage chop. The microbial product is characterized, and an improved pickling tank producing the microbial product is described.Type: GrantFiled: October 19, 1989Date of Patent: March 26, 1991Assignee: Curtice-Burns, Inc.Inventor: Michael A. Grant
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Patent number: 4992281Abstract: The invention provides a highly nutritional unfermented medium protein animal feed supplement by admixing wet corn bran having an abnormally high moisture content with concentrated corn steep to form a moist cohesive but friable mass, the process eliminating a significant proportion of the energy used in and pollution occasioned by prior art process. In a modification, the above unfermented product is subjected to a natural fermentation stage resulting in a fermented supplement which is microbiologically and gravitationally stable for an extended period of time. One further advantage of the present invention is that the corn bran and steep liquor from a corn wet milling plant can be used in the specific amounts as actually produced in the normal operation of the plant, thereby allowing plant efficiencies to be maintained.Type: GrantFiled: April 18, 1989Date of Patent: February 12, 1991Assignee: Ogilvie Mills Ltd.Inventors: John H. Linton, Nick Hussar
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Patent number: 4983406Abstract: This invention relates to the preservation of high moisture animal feeds which utilize a fermentation (either natural or induced) to improve the quality of the animal food. More specifically, this invention utilizes dimethyl fumarate (DMF) in plant feeds in combination with fermentation microorganisms to produce an animal feed which is high in nutrient value and low in spoilage microorganisms.Type: GrantFiled: April 25, 1989Date of Patent: January 8, 1991Assignees: Wesman Foods, Inc., The State of Oregon acting by and through the State Board of Higher Education on behalf of Oregon State UniversityInventors: James W. Ayres, William E. Sandine, Richard B. Parker
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Patent number: 4981705Abstract: Silage is preserved by treating it with a small but silage preserving effective amount of the microorganism Propionibacterium jensenii or the genetic equivalents thereof.Type: GrantFiled: November 6, 1989Date of Patent: January 1, 1991Assignee: Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc.Inventor: Nancy J. Tomes
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Patent number: 4952504Abstract: Biomass slurry is hydrolyzed in a fuel fired hydrolysis heater. When the biomass is fruit waste, the organic acid in the waste is used as the hydrolysis catalyst. When the biomass does not contain organic acid, carbon dioxide generated in a fermenter is fed to the hydrolysis heater as carbonic acid to provide the catalyst. Solids are separated from the hydrolyzed effluent, and flue gas from the hydrolysis heater is used to dry same. The effluent is fermented and subsequently distilled at substantially atmospheric pressure to produce ethyl alcohol vapor. The vapor is fed to a vacuum distillation tower for producing anhydrous ethyl alcohol. Vacuum distillation tower bottoms provide the reflux for the atmospheric distillation unit. A portion of the stillage from the atmospheric distillation unit is recycled by mixing with new feedstock. The remaining stillage is evaporated to a syrup, mixed with unreacted solids, and dried to produce an animal feed byproduct.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 1987Date of Patent: August 28, 1990Inventor: Stanley J. Pavilon
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Patent number: 4859485Abstract: An animal feed supplement is produced from wet corn bran and corn steep liquor exiting a wet corn milling process. Wet corn bran is mechanically dewatered to 30 to 50% solids by weight and then thoroughly mixed with concentrated corn steep liquor having 40 to 55% solids by weight in a ratio of 3:1 to 1:1 to produce a mixture having 35 to 50% solids by weight. This mixture is compacted to form a moist, cohesive, friable, readily transportable mass having a bulk density of 50 to 65 lbs. per cubic foot, a pH of less than 4.5 and a protein content of at least 20% on a dry matter basis. The compacted mass may be permitted to undergo natural fermentation that is substantially anaerobic to a pH of less than 4.25 to produce an animal feed supplement that is microbiologically and gravitationally stable from two weeks to seven months.Type: GrantFiled: May 6, 1987Date of Patent: August 22, 1989Assignee: John Labatt LimitedInventors: John H. Linton, Nick Hussar
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Patent number: 4851240Abstract: The use of bacteriophages for controlling unwanted fermentation of food-stuffs, especially silage and cheese, by bacteria is disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 1988Date of Patent: July 25, 1989Assignee: Microbial Developments LimitedInventors: Carol A. Day, Brian W. Holton
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Patent number: 4822620Abstract: Silage effluent is retained within the silo by adding a water-absorbent, water-swellable particles of synthetic polymer with the grass, maize etc. Preferably the polymer is an acrylic acid polymer or a dimethylaminoethyl acrylate polymer. The polymer may be used in conjunction with other additives e.g. lactic-acid producing bacterial inoculants, acid compounds or sterilizing compositions.Type: GrantFiled: March 18, 1987Date of Patent: April 18, 1989Assignee: Allied Colloids LimitedInventors: Peter Chamberlain, Simon Couldwell
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Patent number: 4808417Abstract: A feed additive for fish cultivation, which contains, as effective components, a proteinase, lipase, and mixture of three kinds of bacteria consisting of lactic acid producing microbe, saccarificating microbe, and butyric acid producing microbe.Type: GrantFiled: December 8, 1987Date of Patent: February 28, 1989Assignee: Toa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.Inventor: Takashi Masuda
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Patent number: 4789551Abstract: A composition suitable as an additive to ensile grass in the production of silage comprises a blend of sugar beet pulp, cereal and a source of sugar, preferably molasses, and is in the form of dry, free-flowing particles.Type: GrantFiled: June 22, 1987Date of Patent: December 6, 1988Assignee: B. Dugdale & Son LimitedInventor: Alan Sayle
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Patent number: 4784860Abstract: A pet food containing a proteinaceous vegetable source component treated with an SPS-ase preparation in aqueous medium. Presence of this component imparts a decisive improvement in regard to the elasticity and palatability of the pet food.Type: GrantFiled: October 22, 1986Date of Patent: November 15, 1988Assignee: Novo Industri A/SInventors: Flemming M. Christensen, Hans A. S. Olsen, Columbus O. L. Boyce
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Patent number: 4780325Abstract: A feed supplement, e.g. an animal feed supplement, is prepared by a method comprising treating whey, for example, from the manufacture of cottage cheese or cheddar cheese, with a bisulfite moiety to react the lactose present in said whey and form a lactose-bisulfite addition product. The lactose-bisulfite addition product is more soluble in water than lactose; therefore, the treated whey may be condensed by removing water therefrom, without sedimentation of the lactose during condensation or upon storage. The condensed whey may be mixed with a source of nutrients to provide a full ration animal feed.Type: GrantFiled: May 31, 1985Date of Patent: October 25, 1988Assignee: Union Oil Company of CaliforniaInventor: Alex E. Miller
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Patent number: 4751089Abstract: The invention relates to a composition and method for ensiling fodder and grain. The composition contains glucose oxidase in a carrier medium in an amount effective to produce gluconic acid upon addition to the material to be ensiled. A suitable amount of glucose oxidase to be added is from 10,000 to 10,000,000 IU per ton of material to be ensiled.Type: GrantFiled: May 7, 1986Date of Patent: June 14, 1988Assignee: Suomen Sokeri OyInventors: Matti Heikonen, Tauno Moisio, Matti Harju
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Patent number: 4731248Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of unique palatability enhancing materials, particularly suited for pet foods, from filamentous fungi biomasses. The palatability enhancing materials are produced by forming a slurry of a filamentous fungal biomass, and preferably an added proteinaceous material, such as meat, which is then autolyzed, in the absence of an added autolysis initiator, at a pH sufficient to form a palatability enhancing autolysate preferably at a pH of between about 2.5 and 10, most preferably of about 3.0 to 7.5. Autolysis is preferably performed at two distinct temperature stages during which endogenous protease and nuclease activity is initiated during the first stage and endogenous nuclease activity is increased during the second temperature stage, followed by substantial deactivation of endogenous protease activity.Type: GrantFiled: February 18, 1986Date of Patent: March 15, 1988Assignee: Ralston Purina CompanyInventors: William C. Hogan, Dennis L. Gierhart, Gary D. Hayen
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Patent number: 4693842Abstract: J-1 which is a strain of cyanobacteria is used to form and excrete a material useful as an emulsifying agent for forming emulsions of hydrocarbons and oils in liquids such as water.Method of separating and culturing the cyanobacteria under conditions necessary to achieve a maximum formation and excretion of the emulsifying agent into solution.Method of purifying and separating excreted as well as intracellular material from cyanobacteria.Method of removing stains with a material excreted by cyanobacteria, and particularly strain J-1.Method of effecting the secondary recovery of petroleum through the use of a material excreted by cyanobacteria, and particularly strain J-1.Extracellular polymeric material which is greater than 200,000 Daltons in molecular weight, and contains sugar, fatty acid, and protein moieties, and amide, carboxylic and amino groups.Type: GrantFiled: May 6, 1985Date of Patent: September 15, 1987Assignees: Solmat Systems, Ltd., Yissum Research Development Company of the Hebrew University of JerusalemInventors: Moshe Shilo, Ali Fattom
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Patent number: 4643899Abstract: A newly discoverd microorganism having characteristics of an Arthrobacter and having the ability to utilize peanut hull lignin as a sole source of carbon is disclosed. Peanut hulls have a higher lignin content than hardwoods and softwoods. The newly discovered microorganism makes the biodegradation of peanut hulls and other similar lignin containing biological waste products commercially feasible. Specifically, a process for converting peanut hulls and other similar lignin containing biological waste products to animal feed is disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: November 14, 1983Date of Patent: February 17, 1987Assignee: Georgia Research FoundationInventors: Thomas J. Kerr, Robert D. Kerr
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Patent number: 4604125Abstract: There is provided a solid composition of an organic fertilizer which is the solid product obtained by desalting a vinasse with phosphoric acid in the presence of ethanol. The product contains at least 1.5% of nitrogen, at least 4% of P.sub.2 O.sub.5, at least 5% of K.sub.2 O and at least 8% of carbon. Another composition, this one comprising a mixture of the foregoing with one or more inorganic or organic nitrogen, phosphorus or potassium compounds to yield a complex organo-mineral fertilizer, is also described.Type: GrantFiled: June 11, 1984Date of Patent: August 5, 1986Assignee: Eni-Ente Nazionale IdrocarburiInventors: Andrea Robertiello, Leonello Angelini
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Patent number: 4596712Abstract: Corn-earlage is processed so that the kernels and corn-cobs are finely chopped while the husks retain their raw fiber structure. The mixture of the finely chopped kernels and corn-cobs along with husks is placed in a silo to produce ensilage. If the ensilage is to be used to feed hogs, it is removed from the silo and passed through a screen or separating drum for adjusting the fiber content of the material. Depending on the fiber content desired, the material is introduced into the screen drum provided with a number of serially arranged rows of screen plates. Each row has a removable plate which can be replaced with other plates having larger or smaller openings for achieving the desired fiber content in the ensilage to be fed to the hogs. The drum axle is inclined to the horizontal and is adjustably supported at the inlet end of the drum so that its height relative to the outlet end can be varied.Type: GrantFiled: June 1, 1982Date of Patent: June 24, 1986Assignee: Karl Mengele & SohneInventors: Adolf Beck, Gerhard Rodel, Rupert Riemensberger, Klaus Grimm
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Patent number: 4508737Abstract: A method for preserving and controlling the fermentation of silages and high moisture content grains, for example, high moisture content corn and corn silage, by adding to the silage or grain an amount of an alkali metal sulfite, bisulfite, metabisulfite or mixtures thereof sufficient to rapidly create a substantially anaerobic atmosphere in the silage, but insufficient of itself to provide a substantial bactericidal effect in the silage or grain. The alkali metal sulfite, bisulfite or metabisulfite is preferably added to the silage, together with an alkali metal sulfate and an amylolytic enzyme, preferably malt diastase or any of the following: alpha amylase, beta amylase or amylase from aspergillus oryzae.Type: GrantFiled: November 16, 1983Date of Patent: April 2, 1985Assignee: International Stock Food CorporationInventors: Joseph G. Forest, Edward J. Czarnetzky
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Patent number: 4503079Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of ethyl alcohol from citrus molasses fermentation in which improved yields of ethyl alcohol are obtained by preliminarily removing fermentation inhibiting agents, specifically oils, from the fermenter charge. The process may be carried out in batch or by continuous operation. The alcohol formed in the fermentation step is distilled off at about 190.degree. proof and the latter may then be dehydrated in a molecular sieve column to produce a product substantially free of water. Also a novel oil stripper is presented in order that the oils may be effectively and economically removed prior to fermentation.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 1982Date of Patent: March 5, 1985Assignee: A. Duda and Sons, Inc.Inventors: Donald W. King, Terrance M. Placzek
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Patent number: 4486451Abstract: The invention provides a highly nutritional unfermented medium protein animal feed supplement by admixing wet corn bran having an abnormally high moisture content with concentrated corn steep to form a moist cohesive but friable mass, the process elminating a significant proportion of the energy used in and pollution occasioned by prior art process. In a modification, the above unfermented product is subjected to a natural fermentation stage resulting in a fermented supplement which is microbiologically and gravitationally stable for an extended period of time. One further advantage of the present invention is that the corn bran and steep liquor from a corn wet milling plant can be used in the specific amounts as actually produced in the normal operation of the plant, thereby allowing plant efficiencies to be maintained.Type: GrantFiled: June 11, 1982Date of Patent: December 4, 1984Assignee: Ogilvie Mills Ltd.Inventors: John H. Linton, Nick Hussar
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Patent number: 4483877Abstract: An improved method of producing silage for use as ruminant feed, whereby green fodders are ensiled with about 1 percent of an additive containing methylolurea and methylenediurea in a weight ratio between 1 and 20 to 1, sufficient free urea to prevent reversion to free formaldehyde, a buffering agent to maintain pH, and water. The method preserves contained natural protein, substantially prevents growth of mold, and increases crude protein content, palatability, and feed efficacy. Operative feature of the method is the discovery that a methylolureamethylenediurea-urea solution may be reacted to a point where it will not sterilize the bacteria needed to ferment contained sugars to carboxylic acids, but will protect the silage against mold formation and natural protein degradation. A process for producing the required silage additive from urea, formaldehyde, ammonia, alkali, and water is provided.Type: GrantFiled: January 25, 1983Date of Patent: November 20, 1984Assignee: Hawkeye Chemical CompanyInventor: William P. Moore
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Patent number: 4457945Abstract: A method of utilizing sewage sludge compost for mushroom growing and re-utilizing the used compost as livestock feed. During the use of compost for mushroom growing, lignin, cellulose, etc. of slight decomposability contained in the compost are decomposed and aroma suitable for livestock feed is imparted to the compost by the mushroom, thereby making the compost most suitable for livestock feed.Type: GrantFiled: September 22, 1982Date of Patent: July 3, 1984Assignee: Hitachi Kiden Kogyo, Ltd.Inventors: Yoshinobu Imamura, Hajime Ito, Yoko Sato, Hiromichi Nakamori
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Patent number: 4380551Abstract: Preparing a foodstuff for human or animal consumption by sowing seeds of at least one quick-germinating plant of a type such as to produce strong root systems in peat which is allowed to lie in a layer having a thickness in the range of from 40 to 200 mm for a vegetation period of from 10 to 21 days, there being at least 900 Kg of seeds per hectare of the layer and recovering the germinated seeds and the peat as the foodstuff.Type: GrantFiled: August 27, 1980Date of Patent: April 19, 1983Assignee: Jacek DlugoleckiInventor: Stanislaw Frontczak
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Patent number: 4349570Abstract: The invention relates to a process of treating squeezing juice having a high protein and sugar content, obtained by squeezing vegetable matter to be used as foodstuff. This process comprises the following steps:submitting said squeezing juice issuing from a squeezing press to a first inoculation with a first mesophile homofermentative lactic bacteria in a proportion of at least 10.sup.4 bacteria per milliliter;maintaining the thus inoculated juice at a temperature comprised between 28.degree. and 35.degree. C., preferably 30.degree. C., during 15 to 20 hours, under slow agitation and without aeration, so as to obtain a suspension constituted by an insoluble fraction of vegetable and microbial proteins, and a residual liquid phase, said suspension having a pH comprised between 4.2 and 4.5;separating said soluble fraction from said liquid fraction; andseparately treating the residual liquid and said insoluble fraction.Type: GrantFiled: February 12, 1980Date of Patent: September 14, 1982Assignee: Groupement d'Interet Economique ValpronInventors: Emile-Pierre Segard, Jean-Michel Lebeault
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Patent number: 4322443Abstract: Methods of producing fodder are disclosed in which a layer of peat is sown with seeds of quick-growing variety producing strong root systems.The layer of peat is allowed to remain undisturbed for a period of days after which the peat with the then germinated seeds is suitable for use as fodder.In one embodiment the layer of peat is disposed on a surface impermeable to plant roots.The seeds may be introduced into the peat before or after formation of the layer.Type: GrantFiled: February 21, 1980Date of Patent: March 30, 1982Assignee: Jacek DlugoleckiInventor: Stanislaw Frontczak
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Patent number: 4310555Abstract: Cold anhydrous ammonia, preferably cold liquid anhydrous ammonia at substantially ambient or atmospheric pressure is applied to feed grains, forages and anaerobically fermentable plant material to supply thereto and provide therein non-protein nitrogen (NPN). The cold anhydrous ammonia is obtained by supplying a stream of ambient temperature, pressurized anhydrous liquid ammonia to an expansion chamber for expansion therein to provide the cold anhydrous ammonia. Cold anhydrous ammonia, preferably substantially only cold liquid anhydrous ammonia, is recovered from the expansion chamber operated under substantially adiabatic conditions, at a temperature in the range -30.degree. F. to about -17.degree. F. and at substantially ambient or atmospheric pressure, such as at a pressure in the range 1 pound per square inch below atmospheric pressure up to about 5 pounds per square inch atmospheric pressure.Type: GrantFiled: October 19, 1979Date of Patent: January 12, 1982Assignee: Research CorporationInventors: William L. Kjelgaard, Paul M. Anderson
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Patent number: 4247561Abstract: A method of making a stable, emulsified, liquid starch product which comprises from about 45% to about 85% edible liquid, and from about 15% to about 55% of a whole, non-starch isolated, starch bearing material emulsified with said edible liquid. The method comprises size reducing the starch material, slurrying the size reduced material with edible liquid, hydrothermally cooking the slurried mixture, and holding said hydrothermally cooked mixture at the temperature at which it exits from the hydrothermal cooker for from one to four minutes in order to significantly increase gelatinization and maltose values. It has also been found when this is done, lactic acid levels are increased which significantly improves the product. Finally, it has been found that the product can be used as an effective grain and silage sealer, which is also nutritional.Type: GrantFiled: April 16, 1979Date of Patent: January 27, 1981Inventor: Rolland W. Nelson
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Patent number: 4210673Abstract: Green fodder is fermented with a lactic acid producing Streptococcus faecium producing a metabiolite having anti E-coli activity.Type: GrantFiled: February 15, 1978Date of Patent: July 1, 1980Assignee: AB MedipharmInventor: Endre Kvanta
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Patent number: 4139640Abstract: A composting method which produces complete aerobic digestion and pasteurization of animal and other solid organic waste materials is effected in an open top, elongate, composting vessel, for producing an odor free, pasteurized, organic fertilizer, mulch or animal feed supplement.Type: GrantFiled: January 23, 1978Date of Patent: February 13, 1979Assignee: Paygro, Inc.Inventor: Carl E. Kipp, Jr.
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Patent number: 4088789Abstract: Disclosed is an ensilaging agent for fodder comprising from about 0.75 to 1 part by weight of an alkali metal salt of nitrous acid, from about 0.3 to 0.8 parts by weight of a compound yielding an aliphatic aldehyde having 1 to 6 carbon atoms during the ensilaging process, and from about 0.15 to 1.5 parts by weight of benzoic acid or a salt thereof for each 1 part by weight of combined nitrous acid salt and aldehyde yielding compound. An improved method is also disclosed wherein the disclosed ensilaging agent is added to fodder in an amount of from about 0.05% to about 0.5% of the fodder weight and comprises from about 0.02 to 0.2% by weight of an alkali metal salt of nitrous acid, from about 0.015 to 0.1% by weight of a compound yielding an aliphatic aldehyde having 1 to 6 carbon atoms during the ensilaging process and from about 0.01 to 0.2% by weight of benzoic acid or a salt thereof for each 1 part by weight of combined nitrous acid salt and aldehyde yielding compound.Type: GrantFiled: April 14, 1976Date of Patent: May 9, 1978Assignee: Plate Bonn Gesellshaft mit beschrankter HaftungInventors: Theodor Beck, Friedrich Gross
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Patent number: 4079150Abstract: The invention provides an ensiling agent which contains, based on the total quantity of active ingredients, a mixture of from 50 to 90% by weight of salts of formic acid and from 10 to 50% by weight of hexamethylene tetramine or other compounds which slowly and continuously release formaldehyde during the fermentation of fodder plants.The invention further provides a process for the fermentation of fodder plants in which from 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of an ensiling agent based on the weight of green fodder, is added to the material which is to be ensiled, the proportion of hexamethylene tetramine or other compounds which slowly and continuously release formaldehyde during fermentation, not exceeding 0.1% by weight, based on the weight of green fodder.Such ensiling agents are useful for fermenting fodder plants, in particular these which are difficult to convert into silage.Type: GrantFiled: January 12, 1977Date of Patent: March 14, 1978Assignee: Plate Kofasil Gesellschaft mit Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Theodor Beck, Friedrich Gross
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Patent number: 4053645Abstract: A process of treating cellulosic plant matter to increase the digestability thereof by animals, in which finely divided plant matter, such as sawdust, rice hulls, bagasse, wheat straw, or the like, is mixed with water and nitric acid or a combination of water, nitric acid and a nonoxidizing acid, such as sulfuric, phosphoric, hydrochloric or acetic, to produce a mixture of about 20% water, 1/4 to 1% oxygen based on the oven dried weight of organic material, the oxygen being released from the nitric acid, and a pH of 0.5 to 3.5, and cooking the mixture in a pressurized vessel at about 125 psig for 30 to 60 minutes. The cooked product may then be neutralized to raise the pH to a desired level for animal feed.Type: GrantFiled: February 2, 1976Date of Patent: October 11, 1977Inventor: James W. Jelks
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Patent number: 4041182Abstract: A five-step manufacturing method using broad spectrum hydrolytic enzymes to decompose the volatile fraction of organic waste materials into lower molecular weight, intermediate substrate nutrients to be consumed in turn by selected microorganisms to produce a cellular biomass of microbial cells subsequently harvested for use as a bio-protein feed supplement for farm and domestic animals. A wide range of agricultural, industrial and organic waste materials may be used as the input raw material resource for biochemical processing to bio-protein feed. Applied to the use of cattle manure slurry as raw materials, the biolytic decomposition step employs hydrolyzing enzymes to dismutate volatile organic insoluble high molecular weight proteins, starches, fats, and partially hydrolyzed cellulose compounds into soluble, low molecular weight nutrient intermediates in solution, from which the relatively stable cellulose-lignin solid by-product fraction is separated and dewatered.Type: GrantFiled: April 16, 1975Date of Patent: August 9, 1977Inventors: Lennart G. Erickson, Howard E. Worne
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Patent number: 4035517Abstract: Yeast-containing sludge is separated from residue produced by the distillation of white wine and the remaining residue is innoculated with fungus culture, e.g. a penicillium, the resulting biomass removed, and the remaining residue purified and used in animal feed.Type: GrantFiled: July 8, 1975Date of Patent: July 12, 1977Assignee: E. Remy Martin & Co.Inventors: Jean Magny, Charles Montant, Pierre Raynaud, Charles Gontier, Jacques Dardenne
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Patent number: 4015018Abstract: Forage crops such as perennial grasses, alfalfa, corn and sorghum in the wet or moist state are chopped into small pieces, a quantity of a composition consisting essentially of sodium diacetate and dehydrated whey is added, and the resultant mixture is placed in a storage container such as a silo and allowed to ferment to produce silage which is useful as an animal feed, especially for ruminant animals such as beef and dairy cattle.Type: GrantFiled: February 19, 1976Date of Patent: March 29, 1977Assignee: Food Technology ProductsInventors: Elmer F. Glabe, Herbert J. Rebhan
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Patent number: 3983255Abstract: A molasses fermentation residue is converted into a coagulation product to use in preparing animal feed or fertilizer by concentrating a molasses fermentation residue to a solids level of at least 60 percent, heating the residue to about its boiling point and cooling, adding a soluble phosphate to the cooled residue and coagulating the residue-phosphate mixture by heating at about 105.degree. to 120.degree.C.Type: GrantFiled: September 20, 1974Date of Patent: September 28, 1976Assignee: Unisearch LimitedInventor: Henry Herschel Bass
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Patent number: 3982026Abstract: Propylene glycol esters of propionic acid are added to silage to improve the quality thereof.Type: GrantFiled: March 18, 1975Date of Patent: September 21, 1976Assignee: Deutsche Gold- und Silber-Scheideanstalt vormals RoesslerInventors: Rudolf Fahnenstich, Wilhelm Schuler, Herbert Tanner, Otto Weiberg
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Patent number: 3975546Abstract: The invention relates to a novel method to precipitate and preserve protein from the juice expressed from green leafy plants by coagulating the protein in the juice through an anaerobic fermentation process utilizing the microorganisms naturally resident on the leaves of the green plants. In addition part of the carbohydrates and non-protein nitrogen in the juice is converted into bacterial protein which increases the amount of protein obtained from the juice and particularly prevents oxidative destruction of cystine and methionine and thereby increases these limiting amino acids in the obtained protein.Type: GrantFiled: January 23, 1975Date of Patent: August 17, 1976Inventor: Mark A. Stahmann
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Patent number: 3961079Abstract: When ensiling fodder, such as grass, clover, lucerne, it has been found useful to add hexamethylenetetramine and a nitrite to the fodder.Type: GrantFiled: February 28, 1974Date of Patent: June 1, 1976Assignee: Plate Kofasil Gesellschaft mit beschrankter HaftungInventor: Arvid Emanuel Hellberg