Abstract: In a method and an apparatus for the manufacture of a workpiece with a rotation-symmetrically hardened surface area, the workpiece surface area to be hardened is initially applied with a carrier film of pulverized alloying elements. A roll is radially infed to the carrier film, accompanied by the rotation of the workpiece. Under the influence of heat, the pulverized alloying elements of the carrier film are rolled into the surface area of the workpiece so that the alloying elements are intercalated into the workpiece surface and increase its hardness. For performing this method, the workpiece is clamped on a spindle driven in a rotary manner. A receiving hopper and an application device are radially spaced from the spindle and are interconnected by a supply device.

Abstract: A method of making a non-toxic toy for a child by cutting a block into the shape of a toy and then placing the toy into a bin of granular paraffin particles followed by tumbling the toy the bin of granular paraffin particles with the granular particles being sufficiently large so as to prevent caking of the particles and sufficiently small so that the paraffin particles can impact on all areas of the toy to produce a paraffin coated toy that is in a ready-to-play with condition when it is removed from the bin of granular paraffin.

Abstract: In the case of a paraffin waxing device for a travelling yarn, a rotating paraffin body is weighted in axial direction against a stopping face. The stopping face lies against the front surface of the paraffin body, over which the travelling yarn is guided. During the waxing process, undesired rubbing off of paraffin particles can soil the feed material or the machine elements. According to the invention, the stopping face is rolled on the rotating front surface. The rubbing-off of paraffin particles, in particular in the area of the stopping face, is hereby avoided.

Abstract: Composite architectural panels comprising a substrate composed of a laminate of two metal sheets joined by a thermoplastic core and having a factory-applied polymeric surface coating which is not receptive to artists' materials, are prepared for use as a support or substrate for traditional artists' materials by roughening the surface using abrasive and/or chemical means. After thoroughly cleaning the prepared surface, one or more artists' materials are applied and permanently bonded to the panel surface by heating the panel substrate to a temperature which is less than the melting temperature of the thermoplastic core and maintaining the substrate at that temperature for a time that is sufficient to bond the artists' materials to the surface.

Abstract: The present invention, in certain embodiments, discloses a method for treating cellulose fibers comprising treating cellulose fibers with an acidic medium, and applying an adhesive composition to the cellulose fibers, the adhesive composition including polyvinyl alcohol cooked without addition of an acidic substance. The present invention, in certain embodiments, discloses a method for spraying with a spray nozzle an insulation composition onto a substrate, the method including introducing cellulose fibers under pressure through a first hose into the spray nozzle, the cellulose fibers treated with an acidic medium, introducing an adhesive composition under pressure through a second hose into the spray nozzle, the adhesive composition comprising polyvinyl alcohol cooked without an acidic medium, and spraying from the spray nozzle the treated cellulose fibers and adhesive composition onto the substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for conveniently and easily applying a dry sliding lubricant to the interior and exterior surfaces of a cartridge case neck prior to sizing is provided.

Abstract: A method is disclosed including rubbing an edge region of an applicator across a surface of a substrate at a sufficient pressure and at a sufficient speed relative to the substrate surface, wherein the edge region of the applicator comprises an aramid material, to deposit a portion of the aramid material from the applicator to the substrate in an adherent coating on the substrate surface, wherein the method is accomplished in the absence of a solvent.

Abstract: There is disclosed a coating method for a substrate having an end region comprising: (a) rubbing a nonwetting material across the end region to adhere the nonwetting material to the end region; and (b) contacting a portion of the substrate including the end region with a coating composition, whereby the coating composition adheres to the substrate surface free of the nonwetting material and the nonwetting material minimizes adherence of the coating composition to the end region.

Abstract: There is disclosed a coating method involving a dispensing apparatus defining a particulate material exit opening including: (a) rotating a first applicator and an adjacent second applicator against a substrate, wherein the first applicator and the second applicator define a gap region therebetween; and (b) introducing particulate material into the gap region from the particulate material exit opening positioned at the gap region and moving a portion of the particulate material across the gap region to the substrate, wherein the rotation of the first applicator and the second applicator rubs the particulate material against the substrate.

Abstract: A method by process for providing a liquid-free, toxic-free, environmentally friendly, non-transfiguring, flame and fire retardant, immersion-proof, non-pellicular and intra-matrix type aqueous repellent protective barrier to preferred substrates by various related embodiments, with particular utility toward dermal materials, both natural and synthesized. Methods enable durable and complete `breathable` treatments that are generally capable of virtual weightlessness and invisibility, without utilization of liquids. Complete process is particularly adaptable to `pocketable` packageability that is extremely cost-effective, undamageable, and longevous in shelf-life.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for mechanically plating small arms projectiles with a particulate plating metal to form jacketed small arms projectiles. The process comprises agitating a slurry comprising the small arms projectiles, an aqueous solution of a strong acid, a plating agent and the particulate plating metal, thereby producing a jacketed small arms projectile having improved lubricity characteristics and in less time than prior art methods employing electrodeposition to form the jacketed small arms projectiles.

Abstract: Water-soluble, biologically decomposable carbonic acid polyesters having the general formula (I): ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 represents a straight- or branched-chain, saturated or monounsaturated alkyl residue having from 6 to 22 carbon atoms;R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen or methyl group;R.sub.3 represents hydrogen or the group: ##STR2## n is an integer between 0 and 10; m is an integer between 5 and 16, andz is an integer between 1 and 3 are disclosed.The use of these compounds for preparation and lubricating agents for synthetic fibers is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved synthesis of fullerene (C.sub.60) films, whereby improved purity and adhesion to a substrate are achieved. The invention is not limited to C.sub.60 molecules and other fullerenes and fullerene based materials, including for example, metallofullerenes, fluorinated fullerenes, and codeposition of fullerene and other solid lubricants. The invention also relates to the use of these fullerene materials in oils, greases, polymers and other materials, both organic and inorganic, for improving lubrication and wear life. The invention further relates to a process for the ion bombardment of fullerene materials, including but not limited to, C.sub.60 fullerene materials to improve their tribological properties.

Abstract: A beta-double prime aluminum oxide solid electrolyte (24) is prepared for wetting by a liquid electrode material. The method includes mechanically rubbing an asperity-filling metal against the surface (32) of the solid electrolyte (24) until the solid electrolyte (24) turns gray in color, which fills in asperities (34) in the surface (32) of the electrolyte (24). The electrolyte (24) and deposited asperity-filling metal (36) are heated to a temperature above the melting point of sodium, and sodium is de posited onto the electrolyte surface (32) and permitted to wick along the surface (32).

Abstract: The paraffining device on a textile machine with a fixed paraffin piece is provided with a covering which prevents small paraffin particles which may be produced by rubbing of the yarn, for example, from leaving the area of the paraffining device and thus preventing interference with the spinning or winding process.

Abstract: A MICR tape allows for the complete release of magnetic material from the tape substrate. This is accomplished by creating a tape with a layered structure including a magnetic layer coated on a polymer layer with a release layer therebetween.

Abstract: A mechanical plating process and composition for applying tin- and cobalt-containing mechanically plated coatings, which exhibit good brightness and corrosion resistance, to metal articles.

Abstract: A composition suitable for use in priming a first plastic surface for adhesion of a second plastic material thereto is presented, the composition comprising an epoxy resin and a solvent, the composition derived from the combination of:a. a first composition comprising a first organic material having a plurality of epoxy-functional groups, the first organic material dispersed in a first organic solvent; andb. a second composition comprising a second organic material having at least one functional group reactive with epoxy-functional groups of the first organic material, the second organic material dispersed in a second organic solvent,wherein the first and second organic solvents comprise the solvent and the epoxy resin comprises the reaction product of the first and second organic materials, the solvent adapted to wet and penetrate but not be substantially retained by the first plastic surface where applied thereto.

Abstract: A mechanical plating process and composition for applying tin- and nickel-containing mechanically plated coatings, which exhibit improved brightness and corrosion resistance, to metal articles.

Abstract: A method by process for providing a liquid-free, toxic-free, environmentally friendly, non-transfiguring, flame and fire retardant, immersion-proof, non-pellicular and intra-matrix type aqueous repellent protective barrier to preferred substrates by various related embodiments, with particular utility toward dermal materials, both natural and synthesized. Methods enable durable and complete `breathable` treatments that are generally capable of virtual weightlessness and invisibility, without utilization of liquids. Complete process is particularly adaptable to `pocketable` packageability that is extremely cost-effective, undamageable, and longevous in shelf-life.

Abstract: A device for coating a plate has an open channel being open in an upward direction and a device for supplying a liquid to the open channel. The liquid in the open channel forms an convexly curved portion projecting upwardly from the open channel. A device for transporting a plate at a close distance past the open channel is provided, with which a surface to be coated of the plate facing the convexly curved portion of the liquid is guided such that a thin film of the liquid is deposited on the surface to be coated by adhesion effects. Another device for lacquering or coating plates or disks has a capillary slot that is filled with a liquid coating medium. The plate to be coated is advanced across the capillary slot with the surface to be coated facing downwardly so that due to the capillary effect a thin layer is deposited on the surface of the plate.

Abstract: A method of continuously painting one side of a moving substrate metal strip (1) utilizing a thermosetting polymer based paint composition comprises pre-heating the strip in a pre-heat furnace (2) to a pre-heat temperature above the glass transition temperature of the paint composition, driving a solid block (8) of the paint composition into collision with the strip at a predetermined block speed to cause liquid paint to be melted from the block and applied to the strip at a precisely controlled deposition rate. The deposit, which for thin paint coats is discontinuous, is then spread over the surface of the strip by a pressure roll (14) and emerges therefrom as a smooth coat of wet paint. A bead of liquid paint (17) builds up on the strip on the up stream side of the pressure roll and the block speed may be adjusted in response to the bead size. The emergent strip then travels through a paint curing furnace (5) and a bath (6) to complete the process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for imparting a sliding capacity to a wire which is fed through at least one loop of a strand of material which has been steeped in a lubricant such as paraffin or wax. Preferably, the strand of material is advanced at a speed which is less than the feed speed of the wire. The apparatus includes means for feeding the wire and means for advancing the strand of material around the wire. The apparatus also includes a compensating device which adjusts the tension of the strand of material and checking device for automatically a checking the lubricating operation.

Abstract: A method for depositing continuous cohesive, non-granular tightly adhering deposits on a substrat by using a rotating fibrous transfer means; deposit starting material is a small particle materials such as diamond powder; or powders of complex materials such as superconducting materials such as of the Y--B--C--O type; discrete deposits may be made and thereafter built-up on the substrate.

Abstract: A metal strip (4) is continuously coated with a thermoset resin based paint by passing it through a pre-heating furnace (5) wherein it is raised to a pre-heat temperature of from 100.degree. to 210.degree. C., then through a coating applicator (6) wherein a solid, substantially solvent free block (11) of the paint composition is pressed against the strip (4) at a substantially constant pressure of from 10 to 100 kilopascals to cause a liquid layer (13) of the paint composition to be deposited on the strip, then through a roll type smoothing device (18) to smooth and spread the layer and doctor it to thickness, then through a curing furnace (8) to thermoset the layer, and finally through a quenching bath (9).

Abstract: A process for making a crayon that permanently colors fabric. The process includes combining Carnauba wax, a mixture containing triglycerides, stearic acid, and a coloring agent to form a crayon. The crayon of the present invention forms a bright, permanent mark when contacted with a fabric. The present invention further includes a method for adhering the crayon material to the fabric and permanently fixing the crayon material onto the fabric. The present invention additionally includes a kit that includes a plurality of the crayons of the present invention and an article made of fabric.

Abstract: Powder-content of a powder-coating is enhauced. Powder material forms a skeleton structure. The clearances are filled with resin. The coating comprises a resin layer which bonds the power-compacted layer to the parts or any underlying powder-compacted layer. The work pieces on which a resin film may be preliminarily formed, is subjected to vibration or stirring together with the powder material and means for mediating the formation of the coating, which eans is of substantially smaller size than said work pieces and greater size than said powder material, as well as with or without the resin, to vibration or stirring in a container.

Abstract: A graphic communication medium is disclosed in which a dry pastel substance is placed in solution and uniformly applied over a substrate such as paper. The substrate may include a drawing beneath the pastel such that areas of the drawing may be highlighted by selectively removing the dried pastel from the area to be highlighted. The highlighted area is then re-covered by rubbing pastel from adjacent areas of the substrate thereover.

Abstract: An ablating gelatin pig for use in tubulars which can easily negotiate the bends, etc in a tubular. Due to the properties of gelatin, the pig will ablate thereby depositing a protective layer onto the wall of the tubular. The pig can be molded outside the tubular or it can be formed in situ. The pig is formed by mixing common gelatin with a heated liquid and then allowing the mixture to cool to ambient temperature. Preferably, the liquid includes a treating solution (e.g. corrosion inhibitor, drag reducer, etc ) which is to be used to treat the pipeline. In some applications, a slug of the treating solution is also passed through the pipeline between two ablating gelatin pigs. For high temperatures applications, a hardener may be added to the pig to increase the melting temperature of the pig and/or a slug of the hardener can also be passed through the pipeline between two ablating gelatin pigs if necessary.

Abstract: A process for making a crayon that permanently colors fabric. The process includes combining Carnauba wax, a mixture containing triglycerides, stearic acid, and a coloring agent to form a crayon. The crayon of the present invention forms a bright, permanent mark when contacted with a fabric. The present invention further includes a method for adhering the crayon material to the fabric and permanently fixing the crayon material onto the fabric. The present invention additionally includes a kit that includes a plurality of the crayons of the present invention and an article made of fabric.

Abstract: A unique hand made graphic artwork print on a paper sheet with a manually hand embossed three dimensional design and a unique coloring process which is transferred to the sheet by hand with a burnisher. A kit for making the prints includes water repellent sheets for making embossing patterns, a hand burnisher, water absorbent art paper, a plastic backing sheet, a plastic area piece, and may include several water soluble pigments in stick form, water soluble felt tips, a water sprayer, colored sheets and envelopes, glue, pencil, and instructional materials for correct and effective use of the aforesaid materials. A method of making the novel graphic artwork print includes the steps of applying dry water soluble pigments upon one or more water repellent embossing patterns, wetting the applied pigment, and manually burnishing the paper over the pigment and patterns to produce the unique embossed graphic artwork print where the paper removes a portion of the pigment when lifted from the colored pattern.

Abstract: The method of preparing metal-coated metals includes providing a metal powder and a disintegrator with a working chamber equipped with counter-rotating disks. At least one of said disks is made of a material softer than said metal powder. The metal powder is introduced into the working chamber and the disks of the disintegrator are counter-rotated so as to cause the metal powder to strike the disks, whereby the disk is eroded by the colliding metal particles and a coating of the eroded material is formed on the metal powder and the metal-coated metal particles are collected at the exit end of the disintegrator.

Abstract: A method is described for depositing a thin protective carbon film on the air bearing surface of a slider in a magnetic recording disk file. A disk file with a conventional slider and a disk with an essentially carbon protective overcoat is cycled on and off at a frequency such that the slider is maintained in contact with the disk. Alternatively, the disk is rotated at a low constant speed so that the slider is maintained in contact with the disk. In both cases, carbon is transferred from the carbon overcoated disk to the air bearing surface of the slider such that during subsequent operation of the disk file, the disk file has excellent durability, especially when operated at relatively low humidity, as is required in those disk files which use a magnetoresistive sensor on the slider.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating lubricant at the head/disk interface throughtout the life of a disk drive utilizing friction at the slider/disk interface to activate the polymerization of a monomer at the catalytic surface on the slider and/or the disk surface. The monomer is supplied to the catalytic surface through the vapor state from a reservoir.

Abstract: A process for creating a work of art from a base medium, crayon and ink that comprises selecting a base medium that affords a surface to which crayon and ink can adhere, applying a crayon to the surface of said base medium, removing from the surface of said base medium any excess crumbs of crayon that failed to firmly adhere to the surface of said base medium, applying ink over the surface of the areas of crayon and the surface of the areas of the base medium that are free of crayon, removing substantially all the ink other than a thin film of ink from the surface of the areas of crayon and the surface of the areas of the base medium that are free of crayon before the ink is allowed to dry, allowing the thin film of ink to dry on the surface of the areas of crayon and the surface of the areas of base medium that are free of crayon, and rubbing the surface of the areas of crayon and the surface of the areas of the base medium that are free of crayon to remove a portion of the dried ink and produce a sheen to t

Abstract: A process for producing and processing multicomponent mixtures on the basis of reaction plastics provides that the liquid mixture is cooled off to a temperature that allows virtually dry further processing. This is done in that the cooled reaction plastic mixture is shaped as a solid piece from which material is rubbed off while it is applied onto a surface to be coated. The rubbed off material melts on the surface to be coated and hardens within a short period of time.

Abstract: Deposition of a first relatively hard material on a second material that is relatively soft using a rotating rod, bar, tube or other body without translation of the rotating body relative to a workpiece of the second material is achieved by positively cooling the interface between the body and the workpiece such that a shear layer at which heat is being generated moves away from the surface in the direction of the rotating body. On removal of the rotating body from contact with the workpiece, the workpiece is found to be surfaced with material from the rotating body. In a second stage the already deposited material from the rotating body may be cooled by a surrounding body of liquid to enable further material from the rotating body to be deposited on the workpiece. The workpiece may be of plain carbon steel and the rotating body may be of high speed steel or a nickel-based alloy.

Abstract: Novel ceramic or metal-ceramic articles having an oxidized surface are produced by a tribochemical method. The oxidized surface is produced by initially wear scarring, under high vacuum, opposed, articulating ceramic or metal-ceramic surfaces and, thereafter, continuing the wear scarring in the presence of oxygen or air at less than atmospheric pressure. A method of welding ceramic or metal-ceramic articles is also disclosed.

Abstract: A dispersing agent for dispersing solid particles in an organic liquid having the composition ##STR1## wherein ##STR2## is the residue of a polyester chain having a molecular weight of at least 1700, derived from a hydroxycarboxylic acid containing 16-22 carbon atoms, ##STR3## is the residue of a mono or polyamide having up to 12 amido bonds, which is amino terminated in both ends and wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently hydrogen or alkyl or alkenyl containing up to 20 carbon atoms; Z is a salt of a carboxylic acid containing 8-18 carbon atoms and a diamine NHR.sub.3 --T--NH.sub.2 wherein T is alkylene or alkenylene containing 2-12 carbon atoms and optionally comprising one or more oxygen or nitrogen bridges and R.sub.3 is hydrogen or alkyl or alkenyl containing up to 20 carbon atoms; Q is a carboxylic acid containing 8-18 carbon atoms or a diamine NHR.sub.3 --T--NH.sub.2, wherein T and R.sub.3 are defined as above. Said dispersing agent can be used for preparing an easily dispersable pigment.

Abstract: This invention concerns a mechanical plating process comprising: shaving metal off from a pure metal or alloy block and plating an object to be plated with the shaved off metal by the use of at least a single metal brush, wherein the metal block and the metal brush are in frictional contact with each other, and the object to be plated and the metal brush are concurrently in frictional contact with each other.

Abstract: Shuffleboard pucks are made of wood or plastic, and to gain maximum control over the puck it is common practice to wax the underside of the pucks, thereby insuring uniformity in the travel of the pucks over the court. This waxing of the puck is done by hand, holding the wax in contact with the puck. I have found a better way to do it by using an electric motor to rotate the puck in contact with a block of wax that is hand held. The outer edge of the puck has a tendency to receive more wax than does the inner edge because the outer edge of the puck travels a greater distance in contact with the hand held wax than does the inner areas. To overcome this I have devised an arrangement whereby the wax block is triangularly shaped to deposit a uniform coating of wax dependent on the distance from the center to deposit a uniform coating of wax over the entire area.

Abstract: A method of providing a material, typically a metal, surface on a substrate (1), comprises applying a consumable member (4) to the substrate (1) under pressure. The member (4) and substrate (1) are moved relative to one another along an arcuate path. Heat is generated at the interface between the member and the substrate so that material is laid down on the substrate along the path. The movement of the metal member (4) typically includes one or more cyclic components.

Abstract: A process for hermetically sealing defects in a porous ceramic substrate comprising the steps of evaporating or sputtering a malleable metal layer onto the defective porous ceramic surface, swaging or smearing the malleable metal layer over the defects and depositing a second metal film over the swaged first film to provide a smooth defect free surface.

Abstract: A hard facing of preferably a high speed tool steel or a Stellite along the edge of a substrate is produced by mechanical deposition by means of rotary friction surfacing. The combination of high temperatures below the melting points of coating material and substrate and high rates of strain gives rise to a very fine coating microstructure resulting in an edge or valve facing or seat of unexpectedly good mechanical properties and service life.

Abstract: A process for applying and bonding a solid lubricant on a substrate whose surface has depressions and pores. The process comprises depositing fine solid lubricant particles on the surface of a substrate to be lubricated in excess of a quantity sufficient to fill essentially all depressions and pores on the substrate surface, and thereafter burnishing the substrate to distribute and bond the lubricant particles on the substrate. Such burnishing of the substrate can be accomplished during its moving contact with another substrate during intended use. Maintenance of lubricity can be accomplished by depositing additional lubricant particles on the substrate and thereafter burnishing, and can be performed while the substrate is in moving contact with another substrate whereby this moving contact performs the burnishing operation.

Abstract: This magnetic ink character recognition (MICR) character coating system makes use of the application of an inexpensive lubricant that is selectively applied to the document, solely in the area where the MICR characters are printed. The lubricant of choice used in this apparatus is sodium stearate (soap). The lubricating apparatus includes a pair of rollers, between which the printed documents are fed. One of the rollers is a drive roller that advances the documents. Opposite of and spring loaded against the drive roller is a free running lubricating roller that is manufactured from a solid lubricant, which lubricating roller is of length equal to the length of the MICR character field that is printed on the document. In the printing of the document, a sensor mark is printed on the document and is used to indicate the beginning of the MICR character field.

Abstract: A method of preventing smudging of indicia printed on a surface by selective application of an amount of coating material to lubricate the contact with surfaces abrading the printed indicia or to provide physical separation from abrading surfaces, and thus prevent smearing. The coating material is preferably a Teflon micropowder that is applied by dispensing controlled amounts through a plurality of apertures adjacent the surface of a piece of paper on which indicia has just been printed by a non-impact printer such as a laser printer.

Abstract: This invention pertains to the fields of graphic arts and graphic communication. The principal use of this invention is to communicate visually with a new graphic method--a method of putting a translucent overlay on one color of pastels uniformly on a piece of paper and then removing it by erasure in order to create a desired image. The paper can be imprinted before the overlay is applied in order to give a foundation for the erasure. One prior method of graphic communication has been to put a color or several colors on a paper nonuniformly to create a desired image. Likewise, another prior method has been computer-generated images on cathode ray tubes. Both of these prior methods require training and skill. Neither are easily accomplished. This new method requires no artistic or computer skill and gives excellent results. Further, this new graphic method can be renewed by rubbing the translucent overlay back to a uniform color and an additional image created by erasing again.

Abstract: A process for overcoating granules with overcoating material in a granulator by providing the inside surface of the granulator, before introduction of the granules, with a layer of the overcoating material in a thickness of 0.1 to 1 mm, maintaining a preset entrainment height of the granules during the granulation process, and adding the overcoating material in the flowing particle bed. The deposited layers are very uniform.

Abstract: Major improvements in Mechanical Barrel Plating are virtual elimination of expensive glass impact media, elimination of larger size glass balls such as 3 mm and 5 mm, with replacement by assorted pieces of small high density rubber or equivalent non-staining pieces acting to stay inside the tumbling mass to lift the article in the charge and to interrupt streamline flow to cause random disoriented movement whereby complete uniform coverage of the articles being coated is achieved.The further improvement resulting from the elimination of large masses of small glass beads and balls creating an open permeable mix permitting easy access of the plating metal powder such as Zinc to the article being coated.