Abstract: Within a method of making an optical interference filter, sample spectra and measurements of a predetermined characteristic associated with respective spectra are provided. Upon selection of an initial number of filter layers and a thickness for each layer, a transmission spectrum is determined. Each sample spectrum is applied to a regression formula that relates interaction of light with the transmission spectrum to a regression value. A comparison relationship between the calculated regression values and the sample measurements is defined and optimized, wherein thickness of each layer is an optimization variable.

Abstract: A micromirror for micro-electro-mechanical systems. The micromirror comprises a pad layer, a doped aluminum layer containing 0.002 wt % to 0.3 wt % of silicon overlying the pad layer and a protective layer overlying the doped aluminum layer.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method which consists in a process known per se in producing, on the curved substrate (10) to be treated, a film of material derived from a specific material source (13). The invention is characterized in that it consists in inserting, between the curved substrate (10) and the material source (13), a mask (19) relative to the curved substrate (10), preferably selecting as mask (19), a mask comprising a ring-shaped part (20). The invention is particularly useful for providing lenses with antiglare treatment.

Abstract: A method of producing an electrochromic device, includes the steps of: providing a first electron conducting layer on a substrate, providing a working electrode in communication with the first electron conducting layer, providing an ion conducting layer in communication with the working electrode, providing an ion storage electrode in communication with the ion conducting layer, and providing a second electron conducting layer in communication with the ion storage electrode, wherein at least one and less than all of the providing steps include(s) plasma chemical vapor deposition. An electrochromic device produced by the method of the invention is disclosed, as is an apparatus adapted to perform the method of the invention, including plasma CVD devices and vacuum sputtering devices.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for plasma coating of optical lenses, particularly lenses made of silicone-containing polymer. The method of the invention comprising selectively depressurizing and pressurizing an entry hold chamber and an exit hold chamber while constantly maintaining a plasma gas in a coating chamber at a process pressure without depressurizing and pressurizing repeatedly the coating chamber, wherein the coating chamber is located between the entry hold chamber and the exit hold chamber.

Abstract: A method of making a coated article (e.g., window unit), and corresponding coated article are provided. A layer of or including diamond-like carbon (DLC) is formed on a glass substrate, preferably over at least one barrier layer. Then, a protective layer is formed on the substrate over the DLC inclusive layer. During heat treatment (HT), the protective layer prevents the DLC inclusive layer from significantly burning off. Thereafter, the resulting coated glass substrate may be used as desired, it having been HT and including the protective DLC inclusive layer. The protective layer may be removed after HT.

Abstract: A micromirror which includes a substrate, a reflective layer comprising pure aluminum overlying the substrate and a protective layer comprising titanium nitride overlying the reflective layer is disclosed.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a glazing panel having a solar factor (FS) of less than 70% and being composed of a vitreous substrate and a tin/antimony oxide coating layer provided on the vitreous substrate and having a Sb/Sn molar ratio ranging from 0.01 to 0.5, preferable 0.03 to 0.5, the method including the steps of providing reactants in gaseous phase which comprise tin and antimony compounds, which are present in an amount effective to form the tin/antimony oxide coating layer; and forming the tin/antimony oxide coating layer pyrolytically on the vitreous substrate from the reactants in gaseous phase to provide the glazing panel having a solar factor (FS) of less than 70%.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for depositing a dielectric material at a rate of at least 3000 Angstroms per minute on a large area substrate that has a surface area of at least about 0.35 square meters is provided. In one embodiment, the dielectric material is silicon oxide. Also provided is a large area substrate having a layer of dielectric material deposited by a process yielding a deposition rate in excess of about 3000 Angstroms per minute and a processing chamber for fabricating the same.

Abstract: A plurality of filter members on which filter films with good characteristics are formed in a more or less circular arc form pattern are obtained by producing a filter member in which all of an annular filter film with good characteristics is formed on the surface of a single glass substrate, and then cutting this filter member through the center of the annular shape of the filter film. A plurality of small filter member pieces 140, 140, . . . are obtained by cutting the filter members obtained by the above-mentioned division in the direction perpendicular to the chords of the circular arcs; then, the small filter member pieces are rearranged so that the filter films 120a, 120a, . . . with good characteristics on the small filter member pieces are lined up in a more or less rectilinear pattern. The desired filter chips are then obtained by cutting these rearranged small filter member pieces in the direction perpendicular to the initial cutting direction.

Abstract: A coated article (e.g., a coated glass article) is provided with a low-emissivity, water-sheeting coating. The coating comprises a sputtered silica layer over a pyrolytically-applied dielectric layer. In certain embodiments, an automobile windscreen is provided with a low-emissivity, water-sheeting coating. Also provided are methods of rendering a surface of a substrate (e.g., a pane of glass) resistant to soiling and staining, such as by depositing on the substrate a low-emissivity, water-sheeting coating.

Abstract: A method is provided for coating optical lenses and other optical articles with anti-reflection (AR) coatings. The lenses have low reflectivity, provide a substantially white light reflection and have a low stress AR coating and are ideally suited for optical lenses made using a molding procedure which provides a low stress lens substrate. In one aspect the method uses special coating compositions with one being a high index of refraction composition and the other being a low index of refraction composition. In another aspect a method is also disclosed using an optical monitor in conjunction with a conventional vapor deposition apparatus whereby an optical reference lens is used and a particular light frequency of reflected light is measured and this measurement is then used to determine when the desired optical coating is achieved. In a still further aspect the method also preferably calculates the optical thickness of each layer using a specific ratio of blue to green to red colors in the reflected light.

Abstract: Hybrid films, such as those having good abrasion-resistance and defogging properties, antireflection films including it, optical products, and methods for restoring the defogging property of the hybrid films are disclosed. The hybrid films having a defogging property may be obtained through vapor deposition of an organic compound having a hydrophilic group and a reactive group along with silicon dioxide or with silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide. The antireflection film may be formed on a substrate having the hybrid film as the outermost layer opposite to the substrate. The optical product may comprise a plastic substrate and the antireflection film having the hybrid film. A method for restoring the defogging property of the hybrid film of the optical product may include washing the hybrid film.

Abstract: The optical thickness of a film formed on a substrate is controlled precisely to manufacture an optical filter having an accurate optical thickness. Time is counted during a film being formed on a substrate to note time points t with respect to a reference time set in advance. At least one of two optical characteristics of energy transmittance and energy reflectance when the film being formed on the substrate is irradiated with monitoring light is expressed by a function f(t) of the time points t based on a theoretical formula of the optical characteristic. The optical characteristic is measured by irradiating the film with the monitoring light at the time points t. A designed thickness achieving time at which the optical thickness of the film designed thickness is predicted. The film formation is stopped at the designed thickness achieving time, thereby obtaining the optical filter.

Abstract: A method for providing a metallic coating on glass strands or organically precoated glass strands comprising the steps of coating the glass strand (or organically precoated glass strand) with a metallorganic material, heating the metallorganically coated glass strand (or organically precoated glass strand) to a temperature sufficient to degrade the metallorganic material and drive off the organic portion thereby leaving a metallic coating behind, and cooling the now metal coated glass strand (or organically precoated glass strand) to a useful temperature.

Abstract: A method for coating glass, and specifically to a method for manufacturing perfluoroalkoxy copolymer coated glass. The method includes placing a glass substrate on an electrically grounded support and cleaning the substrate with a solvent to remove impurities and prepare the surface of the substrate to be coated. The method also includes coating the surface with a primer and an electro-conductive enhancer, which is uniformly applied to the primer so that the surface of the glass substrate is wet, but not uneven. The method includes powder spraying the perfluoroalkoxy copolymer on the electro-conductive enhancer while the enhancer is still wet. The method includes securing the perfluoroalkoxy copolymer to the glass substrate by evaporating the electro-conductive enhancer.

Abstract: In a transparent laminate, n thin-film units (n=3 or 4) are laminated unit by unit successively on a surface of a substrate, and a high-refractive-index transparent thin film is deposited on a surface of the laminate of the n thin-film units, each of the n thin-film units consisting of a high-refractive-index thin film and a silver transparent conductive thin film. When the silver transparent conductive thin films are deposited by a vacuum dry process, the temperature T(K) of the transparent substrate at the time of film deposition is set to be in a range 340?T?410, whereby the transparent laminate having a standard deviation of visible light transmittance which is not larger than 5% in a wave range of from 450 to 650 nm can be produced.

Abstract: An anti-static, anti-reflection, transparent coating for a transpatent substrate, the coating including at least one electrically conductive layer, wherein the sheet resistance of the coating is less than about 1010 ohm/square. The coating is preferably higher transparent.

Abstract: A system for producing Erbium Oxide thin films with increased photoluminescence. The system includes a depositing stage for forming Erbium Oxide molecules by reacting Erbium sputtered atoms with O2 in a gas phase and creating the Erbium Oxide thin film by depositing the Erbium Oxide molecules on a substrate coated with Silicon Oxide. The system further includes an annealing stage for annealing the Erbium Oxide thin films by utilizing a low temperature treatment for a specified amount of time and temperature followed by a high temperature treatment for another specified amount of time and temperature, wherein the crystallinity of the thin films has improved.

Abstract: Conducting polymers having improved optical properties, and a method of manufacturing the conducting polymers, are disclosed. The conducting polymers are prepared by a process wherein organic ions and neutral oligomers are deposited simultaneously on a substrate surface to provide a conducting polymer film.

Abstract: A niobium doped tin oxide coating is applied onto a glass substrate to produce a low emissivity (low E) glass. The coating can optionally be doped with both niobium and other dopant(s), such as fluorine. The low emissivity glass has properties comparable or superior to conventional low E glass with fluorine doped tin oxide coatings.

Abstract: The invention relates to a glass-plastic composite film, especially for use in electronic components and devices, such as displays. The inventive film consists of a glass film which is between 10 &mgr;m and 500 &mgr;m thick, and is characterised in that a polymer layer with a thickness of between 1 &mgr;m and 200 &mgr;m f is applied directly to at least one of the side faces of said film and in that at least one side on the surface of the film has a waviness of less than 100 nm and a roughness RT<30 nm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of growing a ZnO film using chemical vapour deposition (CVD), and to a ZnO film grown according to the method. The method includes providing a precursor in vapour form, the precursor substantially comprising Zn4O(O2CNRARB)6, where RA and RB are any combination of akyl or perfluoroalkyl groups, and decomposing at least some of the vapour at the surface of the substrate such that the film of zinc oxide forms. An advantage of using this precursor material is that, unlike in the prior art, no deliberate introduction of water vapour to improve christallographic orientation is required. Higher purities in oxide films are produced.

Abstract: A method for forming an optical thin film used for optical elements of laser systems including high-energy lasers and an optical element of optical apparatuses is provided. The optical thin film can be easily formed on a desired substrate with reproducibility by vapor-depositing a porous fluoride layer for preventing reflection in the deep ultraviolet region, and can be easily removed in a short time to reuse the substrate if the thin film damaged. A water-insoluble material (2) for preventing reflection is vapor-deposited onto an optical element substrate (1). A water-soluble material (3) having a higher particle energy is vapor-deposited onto the surface of the water-insoluble material (2). The water-soluble material (3) permeates deep into the water-insoluble material (2) to form a mixed film on the surface of the substrate (1). Then, the water-soluble material (3) is dissolved and removed to form a porous thin film (5) comprising the water-insoluble material (2).

Abstract: The present invention describes a color filter fabrication method. According to the present invention, a removable mask and a substrate are placed in a vacuum evaporator. The removable mask is used to cover partially the substrate and expose the region where the first color dielectric layer forms. When finishing this evaporating process, the removable mask is rotated and moved to the next position, exposing another region where the second color dielectric layer is to be formed by the next evaporating process.

Abstract: Process for the production of hydrophobic layers on optical substrates which have an alkaline earth metal fluoride or alkali metal fluoride layer as the outermost layer or consist of alkaline earth metal fluorides or alkali metal fluorides, by thermal vapor deposition with polyfluorohydrocarbons in a high vacuum.

Abstract: A method of applying a moisture barrier seal to a fiber optic coil includes mounting a fiber optic coil in a vacuum deposition chamber, so as to expose a large exterior surface area of the fiber optic coil to an interior portion of the deposition chamber. The method further includes reducing the air pressure within the chamber to a value that is less than ambient pressure outside of the chamber. The method further includes introducing a vapor form of a non-porous material, preferably parylene, into the chamber. The vapor form of the non-porous material changes into a solid state upon contact with the fiber optic coil, so as to form a conformal coat on the fiber optic coil.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for monitoring characteristics of a rotating substrate. As the substrate rotates in an environment, an incident light beam is emitted onto the substrate near an axis about which the substrate rotates. The emission of the incident beam is controlled as a function of the angular orientation of the substrate, so that the incident beam selectively interrogates a central region of the substrate to facilitate measuring and/or inspecting characteristics of the substrate.

Abstract: A vapor-deposition material for the production of high-refractive-index optical layers of titanium oxide, titanium and lanthanum oxide under reduced pressure comprising a sintered mixture having the composition TiOx+z*La2O3, where x=1.5 to 1.8 and z=10 to 65% by weight, based on the total weight of the mixture. The constituents of the mixture are in the range of 10 to 65% by weight of lanthanum oxide, 38 to 74% by weight of titanium oxide and 2 to 7% by weight of titanium.

Abstract: This invention provides a magnetic optical member that can obtain a large magneto-optical effect using a rare-earth iron-garnet-based material and a method of producing the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a substrate in particular of EUV microlithography, to the production of a substrate of this type and to the use of this substrate as a substrate for mirrors and/or masks or mask blanks in particular in EUV microlithography.

Abstract: An air-gap optical structure is fabricated by depositing a metallic spacer structure on a first transmissive optical element, and then contacting a second transmissive optical element to the spacer structure so that the spacer structure lies between the first transmissive optical element and the second transmissive optical element and defines an air gap therebetween. A first layer of the spacer structure contacts the first transmissive optical element, and a second layer of the spacer structure contacts the first layer. The first layer is preferably deposited by vapor deposition and is relatively thin, and the second layer is preferably electroless deposited and is relatively thick. The total thickness of the spacer structure is typically from about 5 to about 15 micrometers.

Abstract: A high-reflectance silver mirror has a high-reflectance film comprising a silver layer formed on a base material made of phosphorus-containing glass. The high-reflectance film is formed by a wet film-forming process on an acid-resistant protection film covering the base material. A reflecting optical element employing the high-reflectance silver mirror, and a process for producing the high-reflectance silver mirror are also provided. The high-reflectance silver mirror is producible at a reduced cost and has improved reflectivity.

Abstract: Composition containing a chlorinated organotin derivative and a polyfluoroalkenyl compound and/or a halo polyfluoroalkenyl compound useful for CVD formation of fluorine doped tin oxide coatings.

Abstract: A hydrophobic coating is provided. The coating has a high contact angle &thgr; which does not significantly decrease or degrade upon lengthy exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. In certain embodiments, the coating has a contact angle &thgr; of at least 70 degrees both before and after significant exposure to UV radiation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of deposition of an absorbing material upon a plastic/glass substrate by vacuum coating at an angle of inclination between 5° to 30° and using a mask on the evaporation source to produce a graded film material and a method for the preparation of graded density absorbing film useful as an antiglare optical device for protecting the eyes by reducing the glare by absorbing the light intensity falling upon it in a non-uniform fashion.

Abstract: A solar-control glass that has acceptable visible light transmission, absorbs near infrared wavelength light (NIR) and reflects midrange infrared light (low emissivity mid IR) along with a preselected color within the visible light spectrum for reflected light is provided. Also provided is a method of producing the improved, coated, solar-controlled glass. The improved glass has a solar energy (NIR) absorbing layer comprising tin oxide having a dopant such as antimony and a low emissivity control layer (low emissivity) capable of reflecting midrange infrared light and comprising tin oxide having fluorine and/or phosphorus dopant. A separate iridescence color suppressing layer as described in the prior art is generally not needed to achieve a neutral (colorless) appearance for the coated glass, however an iridescence suppressing layer or other layers may be combined with the two layer assemblage provided by the present invention.

Abstract: Within a chamber in a vacuum atmosphere, SiO is deposited on a glass substrate so as to form a first layer as a protective film, Al is deposited on the first layer so as to form a second layer as an aluminum reflective film, MgF2 is deposited on the second layer so as to form a third layer as a transparent protective film, and CeO2 is deposited on the third layer so as to form a fourth layer as a transparent protective film. Then, while O2 gas is introduced into the chamber, SiO2 is deposited on the fourth layer so as to form a fifth layer as a transparent protective film.

Abstract: An antistatic/antireflective coating is applied by sputtering to the outer surface of a video display screen such as in a cathode ray tube (CRT) and is comprised of an inner antistatic layer and an outer antireflective layer. The inner antistatic layer is conductive, while the outer antireflective layer is insulative. The inner antistatic layer is deposited on the entire outer surface of the display screen, while a portion of the antistatic layer is masked during deposition of the outer antireflective layer leaving a portion, or portions, of the inner antistatic layer exposed. The exposed portion, or portions, of the antistatic layer is then electrically coupled to the CRT's grounded implosion protection, or tension, band for safely directing electrostatic charge on the display screen to neutral ground.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for forming thin films, wherein thin films with a uniform thickness can be formed on substrates as objects such as spheroids, even when the films are formed by conventional film-formation methods using an incident particle beam coming from a specific direction (e.g., evaporation and sputtering). In the method, thin films are formed on substrates such as spheroids with an incident particle beam coming from a particle source located in a specific direction by performing a spin motion together with a swing motion. The spin motion is a rotation of the substrate at a constant angular velocity about the spheroidal axis. The swing motion is a rotational oscillation of the same substrate for rotationally oscillating the axis at a constant cycle in one surface, where the center of the rotational oscillation is in the vicinity of the midpoint between two focal points on the axis of the spheroid.

Abstract: A heat treatable coated article includes an anti-migration or barrier layer(s) provided between a solar management layer (e.g., NiCr layer) and a dielectric layer (e.g., silicon nitride). In certain example embodiments, the anti-migration or barrier layer(s) may include a metal oxide, and functions to prevent element(s) from migrating between the solar management layer and the dielectric layer upon heat treatment (HT) of the coated article. As a result, the coated article has improved color stability (and thus a lower &Dgr;E* value) upon HT. For example, the coated article may have a &Dgr;E* value (transmissive and/or glass side reflective) upon HT of no greater than 5.0, more preferably no greater than 4.0. Coated articles herein may be used in the context of insulating glass (IG) window units, other architectural windows, vehicle windows, or the like.

Abstract: Novel ligated compounds of tin, titanium, and zinc are useful as metal oxide CVD precursor compounds without the detriments of extreme reactivity yet maintaining the ability to produce high quality metal oxide coating by contact with heated substrates.

Abstract: A heat processable coated article suitable for tempering and/or bending which has metallic properties is prepared by coating a glass substrate. The substrate has deposited over it a stabilizing film and a metal-containing film is deposited over the stabilizing film. Also an overcoating with a protective layer of a silicon compound is deposited over the metal-containing film and forms a durable layer and prevents oxidation of the underlying metal-containing film. The coated article can be tempered and/or bent without losing its metallic properties to oxidation.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an organic EL display in which organic EL devices are prevented from being promoted in degradation by interfaces that occur between the hole transporting layer and the luminescent layer and between the luminescent layer and the electron transporting layer during the formation of the organic EL devices. The material of the luminescent layer is evaporated from a first evaporation source. At that time, the first evaporation source is moved from one end of a glass substrate to the other. Consequently, the luminescent layer is formed evenly on the glass substrate. After the formation of the luminescent layer is completed, the material of the electron transporting layer is evaporated from a second evaporation source. The second evaporation source is moved as if the first evaporation source is, whereby the electron transporting layer is formed evenly.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of applying glass layers, which may or may not be doped, to the interior of a substrate tube by means of a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique, using a reactive gas mixture, in order to obtain a preform that exhibits a precisely defined refractive index profile, which method comprises a number of steps.

Abstract: Changes in the infrared reflection spectrum of a thin film of silica-like resinous material sandwiched between metal electrodes can be induced by applying an electric potential to a top electrode which is semitransparent. Characteristic infrared absorption lines change in proportion to a small electric current flowing through the material. These changes occur with response times of the order of seconds, and show time constants of the order of minutes to reach stationary values.

Abstract: Within a chamber in a vacuum atmosphere, SiO is deposited on a glass substrate so as to form a first layer as a protective film, Al is deposited on the first layer so as to form a second layer as an aluminum reflective film, MgF2 is deposited on the second layer so as to form a third layer as a transparent protective film, and CeO2 is deposited on the third layer so as to form a fourth layer as a transparent protective film. Then, while O2 gas is introduced into the chamber, SiO2 is deposited on the fourth layer so as to form a fifth layer as a transparent protective film.

Abstract: A niobium doped tin oxide coating is applied onto a glass substrate to produce a low emissivity (low E) glass. The coating can optionally be doped with both niobium and other dopant(s), such as fluorine. The low emissivity glass has properties comparable or superior to conventional low E glass with fluorine doped tin oxide coatings.

Abstract: An overcoat protected diffraction grating. A replica grating having a thin aluminum reflective grating surface is produced by replication of a master grating or a submaster grating. The thin aluminum reflective surface may be cracked or have relatively thick grain boundaries containing oxides and hydroxides of aluminum and typically is also naturally coated with an aluminum oxide film. The grating is subsequently overcoated in a vacuum chamber with one or two thin, pure, dense aluminum overcoat layers and then also in the vacuum the aluminum overcoat layer or layers are coated with one or more thin protective layers of a material transparent to ultraviolet radiation. In preferred embodiments this protective layer is a single layer of MgF2, SiO2 or Al2O3. In other preferred embodiments the layer is a layer of MgF2 or SiO2 covered with a layer of Al2O3 and in a third preferred embodiment the protective layer is made up of four alternating layers of MgF2 and Al2O3 or four alternating layers of SiO2 and Al2O3.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling an outside diameter of a preform bait tube during a glass layer deposition process. The apparatus includes a gas source in communication with an interior of the preform bait tube. A temperature monitor measures a temperature of a hot zone of the preform bait tube and generates a temperature output signal indicative of the measured temperature. A diameter monitor measures the diameter of the hot zone of the preform bait tube and generates a diameter output signal indicative of the measured diameter. A pressure measuring unit measures the pressure in the interior of the preform bait tube and generates a pressure output signal indicative of the measured pressure.