Abstract: A method for using a low-cost artificial fingerprint liquid for quantitatively and with a good reproducibility evaluating an anti-staining property, and a fingerprint adhering property or a fingerprint removing property on the surface of an optical disk such as a reproduction-only optical disk, optical recording disk, magneto-optical recording disk, various displays such as a CRT, and various substances such as glass. A stamp is used to transfer the artificial fingerprint solution to the surface to be tested. An artificial fingerprint liquid comprising a fine-particle-form substance and a dispersion medium capable of dispersing the fine-particle-form substance. The dispersion medium preferably has a surface tension ranging from 20 to 50 mN/m at 25° C., and preferably is selected from at least one of higher fatty acid, derivative of higher fatty acid, terpens, and derivatives of terpens. The fine-particle-form substance is at least one selected from inorganic fine particles and organic fine particles.

Abstract: A method and composition for transforming a latent physiological biometric into a visible physiological biometric are provided, the method comprising: providing a latent biometric disposed on a surface of an article, wherein said biometric comprises at least one eccrine-derived compound; contacting said latent biometric with a developing solution, wherein said developing solution comprises at least one imaging reagent selected from ninhydrin and 1,8-diazafluoren-9-one and a carrier solvent comprising at least one C3-C4 hydrofluorocarbon; and reacting said imaging reagent with said eccrine-derived compound to produce a visible physiological biometric.

Abstract: A method for using a low-cost artificial fingerprint liquid for quantitatively and with a good reproducibility evaluating an anti-staining property, and a fingerprint adhering property or a fingerprint removing property on the surface of an optical disk such as a reproduction-only optical disk, optical recording disk, magneto-optical recording disk, various displays such as a CRT, and various substances such as glass. A stamp is used to transfer the artificial fingerprint solution to the surface to be tested. An artificial fingerprint liquid comprising a fine-particle-form substance and a dispersion medium capable of dispersing the fine-particle-form substance. The dispersion medium preferably has a surface tension ranging from 20 to 50 mN/m at 25° C., and preferably is selected from at least one of higher fatty acid, derivative of higher fatty acid, terpens, and derivatives of terpens. The fine-particle-form substance is at least one selected from inorganic fine particles and organic fine particles.

Abstract: A child identification kit suitable for home use includes a chemically treated DNA stabilizing card together with all the materials necessary for taking and storing a reliable DNA together with fingerprints and a photographic of the child in the case of abduction. The materials serve to identify the steps required for complete record creation, supplementing printed instructions and simplifying the task for typical parent.

Abstract: An optical fingerprint imaging system comprises an optically transparent platen and a protective film removably attached to the platen with an adhesive. The protective film protects the platen from scratches, pits, and other surface damage and is substantially chemically inert to petroleum-based substances which may come into contact when receiving a finger pressed to take a fingerprint image. The adhesive has a selected cohesive strength that allows the protective film and adhesive to be removed from the platen without leaving behind an adhesive residue. The protective film can be replaced periodically as part of maintenance of the platen to allow continued acquisition of accurate fingerprint images. A method for protecting a platen is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for developing latent fingerprints includes placing an apparatus in an area having one or more objects. The apparatus has a breakable capsule containing a cyanoacrylate monomer disposed within an internal chamber of a housing containing a cyanoacrylate catalyst and being adapted for emitting vapors. The housing is impregnated with the cyanoacrylate catalyst or has a layer of cyanoacrylate catalyst on a portion of its interior surface. The apparatus optionally has a breakable capsule breaking mechanism for assisting a user in breaking the breakable capsule within the housing. The user breaks the breakable capsule, causing the cyanoacrylate monomer spilling from the breakable capsule to react with the cyanoacrylate catalyst contained in the housing to create vapor fumes. The vapor fumes contact an object being tested to reveal any latent fingerprints on the object.

Abstract: A part of a human body is caused to contact the surface layer of a recording medium over which a plurality of metallic grains with an outside size of 200 nm or less are distributed. Then, secretions from the skin surface of the body part are caused to adhere to the surface layer of the recording medium to take the print of the body part. If light is irradiated to the recording medium, specific optical characteristics resulting from the surface structure of the recording medium are obtained, and therefore the color of the recording medium varies between a region having secretions and a region having no secretions. This renders it possible to record a visible print on the recording medium.

Abstract: What is disclosed is a plurality of prepaints which are used in any combination to produce base paints and/or colored paints of varying end-use application characteristics. Additionally, a mobile-paint factory for producing a plurality of lines of architectural coatings from a plurality of prepaints en route to and/or at various locations is disclosed. The mobile paint factory may include a vehicle having a paint production system and a paint mixer located thereon. Furthermore, a method of producing a plurality of lines of user-selected architectural coatings from a plurality of prepaints en route to and/or at various locations is disclosed. The method may include: providing a mobile paint factory; prompting a user to select through the paint production system an interior or exterior application environment, a paint sheen, and a paint quality; automatically dispensing predetermined amounts of appropriate prepaints; and agitating the dispensed prepaints.

Abstract: Apart of a human body is caused to contact the surface layer of a recording medium over which a plurality of metallic grains with an outside size of 200 nm or less are distributed. Then, secretions from the skin surface of the body part are caused to adhere to the surface layer of the recording medium to take the print of the body part. If light is irradiated to the recording medium, specific optical characteristics resulting from the surface structure of the recording medium are obtained, and therefore the color of the recording medium varies between a region having secretions and a region having no secretions. This renders it possible to record a visible print on the recording medium.

Abstract: A portable apparatus for detecting latent fingerprints that discharges a vapor of a cyanoacrylate-containing solution. The apparatus comprises a reservoir for holding a liquid solution comprising cyanoacrylate, a valve for controlling the release of the solution through a capillary flow passage, and a power supply for heating the capillary flow passage and vaporizing the solution. When cyanoacrylate vapor contacts latent fingerprints, the fingerprints are rendered visible.

Abstract: A process for making a fibrous product using a binder based on a formaldehyde-containing resin and especially for making fiberglass insulation products, and to the fibrous products themselves, wherein the fibrous product has a backing sheet affixed thereto and the backing sheet is coated or impregnated with a formaldehyde scavenger composition, with the result that the fibrous products exhibit a reduced level of formaldehyde emission.

Abstract: A testing method for an optical information medium using an artificial fingerprint. The artificial fingerprint is made of an artificial fingerprint liquid comprising a fine-particle-form substance and a dispersion medium capable of dispersing the fine-particle-form substance.

Abstract: A simple method for evaluating an optical information medium by judging quantitatively and reproducibly the surface quality of the optical information medium by the use of an artificial fingerprint liquid as an evaluation dispersion liquid, is provided. An optical information medium having a remarkably excellent anti-staining property of the surface which is on the incident side of recording/reproducing beam is provided. A method for evaluating an optical information medium, comprising: adhering an artificial fingerprint liquid containing a fine-particle-form substance and a dispersion medium capable of dispersing the fine-particle-form substance onto the surface of the optical information medium which is on the incident side of a recording/reproducing beam; observing the state of the artificial fingerprint liquid droplets adhered to the surface; and judging the quality of the medium surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for developing latent or hidden images. The device includes a first substrate containing a hidden or latent image printed on a first surface thereof, wherein the image contains one or more chromogenic compounds. A second substrate having a first surface contains a developer coating for developing the hidden or latent image. The developer coating includes a developer compound, a micro-encapsulated solvent, and an adhesive. Upon sufficient interfacial contact between the first surfaces of the first and second substrates, a visible image is produced. The device enables production of a relatively vibrant, full color images which are substantially non-toxic and relatively inexpensive to make.

Abstract: A method of forming a contact image of an object on an imaging sheet including a bistable thermally responsive material is described, wherein the method comprises applying energy to the imaging sheet, the object, or both, and contacting the sheet with the object, thereby creating an image of the object on the sheet.

Abstract: A printing compound suitable for recording unique surface characteristics of an object such as a person's finger, palm or foot, tire tread or shoe sole, on a porous medium such as paper, is composed of (1) a composition, e.g., printer's ink, capable of delineating such surface characteristics when transferred to the porous medium by itself or in conjunction with a separate reagent and (2) a sufficient amount of water dispersable nonionic surfactant to render the composition substantially soluble in water without adversely affecting the ability of the composition to delineate the surface characteristics when transferred to the porous medium.

Abstract: A system and method for identification and retrieval of lost pets such as dogs. The system includes methods to obtain accurate noseprints either by chemical transfer system or with closeup photography for entry into a database. The system assigns locations where noseprints are acquired with an account number which in turn automatically assign an identification number to a dog when registered. Data relating to and including the noseprint, a photograph, description, and information regarding the owner are transferred to a central database optionally from pet shops by E-Mail or by giving all photos and registration forms to a dog owner who then fills out forms and sends all materials to central office via mail. The system includes a program to automatically assign an account number to a pet shop or store and an identification number for the dog. The program includes photograph enhancing software as well as pattern recognition software to identify a lost dog via the noseprint.

Abstract: A method of developing latent fingerprints involves the preparation of an 8-quinolinol complex by mixing a solution of 8-hydroxyquinoline or a derivative with a complexing reagent such as a metal salt. The solution is then applied to a porous substrate, such as paper, containing the latent fingerprint where the soluble complex is adsorbed onto the surface of the latent print and precipitates thereon. The unadsorbed solution is then removed from the substrate allowing the precipitate to highlight the latent image. The choice of the complexing reagent will determine the color of the precipitate and whether or not it is flourescent.

Abstract: A method of recording fingerprints in which a solution of monohydrogen or dihydrogen ester having an AAV of about 9 or more is applied to a person's fingerprint area with the area then pressed onto a thermosensitive substrate.

Abstract: A self contained three sheet fingerprint applicator and recording substrate utilizes a base sheet (10) adapted to be fixed to a suitable surface, such as a package, for receiving the fingerprint, an intermediate sheet (14) with a removable section containing an ink pad (14a) infused with an ink or inkless regent compatible with the development of a fingerprint when transferred to the base sheet (10) by a person's fingerprint area and a top sheet (16) with a removable section covering the ink pad.

Abstract: A method of recording fingerprints in which a solution of monohydrogen or dihydrogen ester having an AAV of about 9 or more is applied to a person's fingerprint area with the area then pressed onto a thermosensitive substrate.

Abstract: A nonstaining ink (or inkless) fingerprint composition and applicator comprises two nonpermeable foil strips, made of Mylar, for example, having the same width with one strip being slightly longer than the other. A thin layer or coating of an inkless (or nonstaining) fingerprint composition is sandwiched between the superimposed foil strips leaving a small border including a small area at the end of the strips free of the composition. The inkless composition which includes a color former and may or may not include a developer is in a semisolid state and room temperature and in a liquid state at about 110° F. and above.

Abstract: An ink dispenser includes a lower case having a cavity whereat a ceramic imprint ink dispensing plate is releasably retained by flexible tabs and including provisions for mechanically, frictionally and magnetically mounting the case on a variety of mounting surfaces.

Abstract: A method of detecting fingerprints on a substrate includes ion beam mixing materials associated with the fingerprint into the substrate to create an ion beam mixed fingerprint; and analyzing the ion beam mixed fingerprint. Analyzing the ion beam mixed fingerprint may include optical imaging, scanning with a scanning electron microscope, or performing a surface analysis technique on the ion beam mixed fingerprint to identify the chemical composition of at least one material in at least one of the fingerprint and the substrate. In one aspect, the surface analysis technique includes at least one of Auger Spectroscopy, Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS), Secondary Electron Microscopy (SEM), Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE), and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). The analyzing may further include mapping the chemical composition of the at least one material in the at least one of the fingerprint and the substrate to produce a computer generated image of the fingerprint.

Abstract: A capacitive fingerprint sensor includes a polymeric protective coating defining a sensing surface and having conductive particles suspended therein. The conductive particles act as parallel strings of series capacitors to couple the capacitance the fingerprint-bearing skin of a user's finger applied to the sensing surface to capacitive sensing elements beneath the protective coating. The polymeric material of the coating is durable and scratch resistant. The conductive particles enable use of a protective coating of 10 to 20 microns in thickness while providing a high degree of sensitivity and image resolution.

Abstract: Safety identification device for collecting fingerprints and DNA related material from an individual, for use in verifying the identity of an individual, such as in documents and forms. The device includes at least one layer for collecting and retaining the fingerprint and the material from the individual, and at least another layer attached to the at least one layer for protecting and preserving the material for determining the DNA of the individual.

Abstract: A fingerprint capture or processing apparatus incorporates a casing defining a sealable chamber, a first support in the chamber for holding a source of a chemical fingerprint fixative agent, a second support in the chamber for holding an article to be tested for fingerprints, a filtration system connected to the chamber for removing contaminants from air in the chamber, and an air circulation assembly operatively connected to the casing for circulating air from the chamber and through the filtration system. Preferably, the air circulation assembly is a closed system, ensuring that no contaminants will be spilled to the ambient atmosphere prior to complete cleansing of the air inside the casing. A humidity control device may be connected to the air circulation assembly for modifying a humidity level in the chamber to a predetermined relative humidity, thus optimizing effectiveness of the chemical fingerprint fixation agent.

Abstract: A method and a carrier frame for coating the facets of semiconductor devices, in which a plurality of bars are stacked so as to form a wafer such that the facets to be coated are exposed. The exposed facets may then be simultaneously coated in a wafer fabrication/deposition reactor to realise the associated time and cost benefits. The carrier comprises a suitable means for containing a plurality of bars and resiliently biased holding means for holding the bars in the stacked position.

Abstract: A method is used to expose a fingerprint on the surface of a metallic object which is covered with a layer of a metallic oxide such as rust. The metallic oxide is dissolved with a reagent which reacts with the metallic oxide. The dissolved metallic oxide is removed from the surface of the metallic object by washing with water to expose the fingerprint and a permanent copy is made of the fingerprint. More specifically, rust from a ferrous object is dissolved with an aqueous acid, the acid and dissolved rust is washed away with water, and a photograph is taken of the exposed fingerprint. The rust can also be dissolved by spraying the rust with a Precision Brand Step #3 Aerosol Rust Inhibitor and Lubricant. The rust can be removed by contacting the rust with a reagent containing a complexing agent for Fe(III) ions.

Abstract: The fingerprint identification system includes a fingerprint identification terminal having a function of receiving input of a plurality of fingerprint images taken from one target finger to select a fingerprint image suited for identification processing based on image quality determination and a fingerprint identification device having a function of outputting an identification result by selectively combining, for each image, one-to-N matching, one-to-one matching, fusion score calculation from a plurality of scores and condition determination of an identification score and a fusion score.

Abstract: Apparatus for providing purge gas protection to equipment requiring operator touch access.

Abstract: An anode assembly by which a solution can be supplied to a surface of a semiconductor substrate includes a housing defining an internal housing volume into which the solution can flow. A closure is provided for the internal housing volume, and the solution can be discharged from the internal housing volume through the closure towards the surface of the semiconductor substrate. A filter divides the internal housing volume into a first chamber and a second chamber located between the first chamber and the closure. During supply of the solution to the surface, a flow of the solution into the second chamber occurs at a higher rate than a flow of the solution into the first chamber, and the flows are blended in the second chamber.

Abstract: A method and product for reducing reflected light glare into a human's eyes from the human's cheeks while simultaneously providing a non-verbal communication to others is provided, especially for use by participants in athletic contests. Underneath the human's eyes on the cheeks at a reflective location on the cheeks at which incident direct or indirect light is likely to be reflected into a human's eyes a non-toxic, non-reflective colored and finished material in the form of a predefined clearly demarcated geometric shape is applied. Within a week after the application (typically within less than a few hours after the athletic contest is over) the non-reflective material is removed. The non-reflective material may comprise eye black, applied using a stencil, or it may comprise a temporary tattoo or decal, applied in the conventional manner. The shape preferably is a sports apparel or equipment manufacturer's or distributor's logo and/or letters, or a team name, mascot or logo.

Abstract: A method for forming piezoelectric/electrostrictive film element at low temperature using electrophoretic deposition includes the steps of: dissolving or dispersing the raw material of constituent ceramic elements in a solvent or a dispersion medium; adding citric acid into the solution or the dispersed mixture; obtaining ultrafine ceramic oxide powder of particle size less than 1 &mgr;m with uniform particle diameter size distribution by forming ceramic oxide by a nonexplosive oxidative-reductive combustion reaction by thermally treating the mixed solution at 100-500° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to device making it possible to apply a chromophoric composition to the skin, said device including a chromophoric composition containing at least one chromophoric agent. The chromophoric composition is in the form of a layer of constant thickness bonded to one face of backing, at least prior to being applied to the skin, the chromophoric agent or agents being distributed uniformly in said composition, and the type of the composition being chosen such that light energy from laser radiation is transformed locally into heat and/or the chemical structure(s) of the chromophoric agent(s) is/are modified locally.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for embedding an amount of cosmetic powder into a cosmetic pad, and a pre-powdered cosmetic pad thereof. The cosmetic pad generally includes a thin open-celled foam pad having a top face and a bottom face and an amount of cosmetic powder embedded into the top face of the pad so that the cosmetic powder is visible on the top face of the pad. In a method for embedding an amount of cosmetic powder into a cosmetic pad, a cosmetic pad is inserted into a chamber having an amount of cosmetic powder deposited therein and a pressure is applied within the chamber whereby an amount of cosmetic powder is drawn into the cosmetic pad and embedded therein. Preferably, a stencil having a decorative cut-out pattern is also inserted into the chamber between the cosmetic pad and the amount of cosmetic powder whereby, upon the application of pressure within the chamber, an amount of cosmetic powder is drawn through the stencil and embedded into the cosmetic pad.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for electrolessly depositing metal onto a substrate, comprising: exposing a surface of the substrate to a first solution including a surfactant; and exposing the surface, having residual surfactant from the first solution thereon, to a second solution including ions of an electroconductive metal element for plating the surface with the electroconductive metal while exposed to the second solution; wherein the surface is exposed to the first solution immediately prior to exposing the surface to the second solution.

Abstract: A fingerprint ink pad arrangement, for use in taking rolled fingerprints, includes an ink reservoir formed of a porous material positioned against the inner wall of a cup shaped housing with a tubular substantially noncompressible ink dispensing substrate formed, for example, of a ceramic or plastic, positioned adjacent the ink reservoir so that ink flowing from the reservoir travels through the substrate to the fingerprint area.

Abstract: Resin sealed lead frames are processed by modular processing work stations related in number to a plurality of steps used in processing the lead or leads of the resin sealed lead frame. The work stations are separate modules which are detachably interconnected, whereby the number of modules can be exactly correlated to the number of steps actually required for processing the lead or leads of the resin sealed lead frame. As required, modules can be added or omitted. The resin sealed lead frame is sequentially advanced through the modules in steps corresponding to at least two pitches, whereby one pitch is defined as the on-center spacing between two neighboring products on the lead frame. Such feed advance permits performing at least two processing steps simultaneously. Thus, the method for processing the resin sealed lead frame and the apparatus therefore are adaptable to a change in the type of processing and to the production volume.

Abstract: A wafer-cleaning module is disclosed for removing contaminants from a semiconductor wafer prior to measurement in a metrology tool. The cleaning module includes a heating chamber including a heater plate for heating the wafer by conduction. A separate cooling chamber is provided to cool the wafer. The system is controlled by a processor so the heating cycle, cooling cycle and the time periods between these cycles and the measurement cycle are uniform for all wafers.

Abstract: A Magnetic, latent fingerprint development brush featuring a non-rigid, removable, disposable cover/body, to be used when developing latent fingerprints on contaminated surfaces. The cover can be removed and cleaned or disposed of and exchanged with a new cover. The non-rigid design allows operation without tension springs. The tip is less abrasive against surfaces being printed, since it has no sharp rigid edges. This lessens the chance of distortion of the latent print. The design is simple. A magnetic rod is attached to a handle, which is inserted into a flexible removable cover/body. A light grip holds the cover against the handle during use.

Abstract: A system for forming fingerprints comprises a substrate bearing a designated print image-forming area and a localized coating of pressure-sensitive microcapsules containing a substantially colorless, image-forming reactant in the form of a color former or color-developer for forming a latent or visible image of a fingerprint in the designated print image-forming area. An image-developing device comprising a transparent film coated with a dual-functional adhesive composition comprising a pressure-sensitive adhesive containing an image-forming co-reactant in the form of a color developer or color former is used to form a protected visible image in the designated print image-forming area when applied to the fingerprint image.

Abstract: Process for acquiring fingerprints, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:coating, with the aid of an ink, the surfaces of the fingers of a hand whose prints are to acquired;pressing a pad (2) of flexible material against the said coated surfaces;pressing the pad against a recording support (3). According to this process, the print is therefore taken on an intermediate pad and subsequently transferred to a paper support.

Abstract: A method and product for reducing reflected light glare into a human's eyes from the human's cheeks while simultaneously providing a non-verbal communication to others is provided, especially for use by participants in athletic contests. Underneath the human's eyes on the cheeks at a reflective location on the cheeks at which incident direct or indirect light is likely to be reflected into a human's eyes a non-toxic, non-reflective colored and finished material in the form of a predefined clearly demarcated geometric shape is applied. Within a week after the application (typically within less than a few hours after the athletic contest is over) the non-reflective material is removed. The non-reflective material may comprise eye black, applied using a stencil, or it may comprise a temporary tattoo or decal, applied in the conventional manner. The shape preferably is a sports apparel or equipment manufacturer's or distributor's logo and/or letters, or a team name, mascot or logo.

Abstract: An carrying container and method for holding and transporting evidence, the case having a base portion and a cover portion and both vertically and horizontally adjustable securing means. The base portion has multiple support bars upon which slidably affixed support racks or U-clamps are positioned. The adjustable support racks or clamps position the item to be carried and securely hold the item placed therein. A storage compartment may also be incorporated. The container has a port or vent through which fingerprint dust fixative can be injected to fix fingerprint dust that has been applied to the item so that latent fingerprints can be identified. The container protects the item from damage and minimizes physical contact with the item and thus protects and preserves any latent fingerprints that may exist on the item.

Abstract: A method and process to be utilized on any printed document, which, for example, include but are not limited to airline tickets, labels, checks, bonds, passports, green cards, prescription slips, and any other document with identification of the user or owner is critical, by providing a system for coating a portion of the document with a chemical compound, for determining an image thereupon, the system which would include the steps of first providing a document; next, applying a clear chemical coating onto at least a portion of the document; applying an non-visible image onto the chemical coated portion of the document; providing an activator solution; applying the activated solution to the chemically coated portion of the document to reveal the image thereupon; identifying the stamped image for assuring that the stamped image is not a counterfeit or the like.

Abstract: A verification assembly (10) for the verification of an article (34) so as to prevent tampering and positively identify the article (34) for use in future legal proceedings. The assembly (10) includes a flexible, adhesive substrate (12) having one face (18) thereof provided with an identification portion (22); the portion (22) presents a sufficient area to allow placement thereon of a unique, identifiable image of a print (38) of a person verifying the article (34). Preferably, a first image developing composition is applied to the identification portion 22, and a supply (14) of second image developing composition is provided, with the second composition being complemental with the first composition for image development. In use, the substrate (12) is adhesively applied to the article (34) so as to inhibit tampering.

Abstract: A method and process to be utilized on any printed document, which, for example, include but are not limited to airline tickets, labels, checks, bonds, passports, green cards, prescription slips, and any other document with identification of the user or owner is critical, by providing a system for coating a portion of the document with a chemical compound, for determining an image thereupon, the system which would include the steps of first providing a document; next, applying a clear chemical coating onto at least a portion of the document; applying an non-visible image onto the chemical coated portion of the document; providing an activator solution; applying the activated solution to the chemically coated portion of the document to reveal the image thereupon; identifying the stamped image for assuring that the stamped image is not a counterfeit or the like.

Abstract: A finger-moistening device for fingerprint recognizing apparatus includes: a container filled with a non-volatile oil or liquid in the container, a powder-metallurgy made roller rotatably mounted and capillarily impregnated in the container to form an oil-impregnated roller, and an upper cover covering the container and having an opening for protruding a peripheral portion of the roller outwardly from the cover and the container for spreading a thin layer of oil or liquid onto the finger of a person to be detected to increase the cohesion between the finger and a prism surface of the fingerprint recognizing apparatus for obtaining a clear fingerprint image for a qualified fingerprint recognition.

Abstract: The invention disclosed relates to a composition and method for enhancing the contrast of the lipid component of fingerprints and the like. The composition includes a metal chelate of the structural formula I ##STR1## wherein R is a UV-absorbing aromatic group, X is an electron attracting group, G is a synergic group containing a suitable polar functional group, and M is a metal ion, a suitable water-soluble organic solvent and water, at pH of 3 to 10.