Moving The Base Patents (Class 427/251)
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Patent number: 4268541Abstract: A process for producing a sheet-like material having a vapor-deposited metallic layer thereon, which comprises vapor depositing a layer of a metal, a layer of different metals in contact with each other, a layer of a metal alloy, a layer of a metal and a metal compound in contact with each other or a layer of a metal compound as the metallic layer on a support of a polymeric material having a glass transition temperature of at least about 0.degree. C., a composite of said polymeric material and paper, woven or non-woven cloth, or paper using at least one member selected from the group consisting of metals, metal alloys and metal compounds as an evaporating material in the vapor depositing, and then forming a layer of an organic material on the metallic layer by vapor deposition using an evaporable organic material as an evaporating material in the vapor depositing.Type: GrantFiled: October 2, 1979Date of Patent: May 19, 1981Assignee: Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.Inventors: Tomoaki Ikeda, Satoshi Yoshida, Hideaki Takeuchi, Fumiaki Shinozaki, Keishiro Kido
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Patent number: 4256780Abstract: Energetic particles modify favorably deposits from sources as evaporant to yield films that have a reduction in tension or even are in compression and with metals as chromium, an increase in reflectance. Only relatively few energetic particles are required to bring about desired change.Type: GrantFiled: July 9, 1979Date of Patent: March 17, 1981Assignee: Ford Motor CompanyInventors: Martin R. Gaerttner, David W. Hoffman
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Patent number: 4250209Abstract: A major surface of a polymeric film such as untreated polypropylene is coated with a release agent which has the capacity to effect a weak, releasable bond with the surface of the polymeric film and a stron, non-releasable bond with the surface of metal, e.g., aluminum, which has been freshly vapor deposited; precipitating a thin, coherent stratum of the desired metal upon the coated surface of the polymeric film by vapor deposition; whereupon are applied simultaneously(1) a layer of a standard laminating adhesive to the stratum of the metal, which is then bonded thereby to the non-metallic substrate by standard laminating techniques; a composite structure having the following configuration is produced as a result: polymeric film/release agent coating/vapor deposited metal stratum/laminating adhesive layer/non-metallic substrate and(2) a coating of the release agent to the free major surface of the polymeric film; from which composite structure the polymeric film is then stripped.Type: GrantFiled: May 10, 1978Date of Patent: February 10, 1981Assignee: Lurex B.V.Inventors: Johannes A. N. de Leeuw, Johannes T. Brugmans
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Patent number: 4245823Abstract: The porosity of bulk alloys produced by deposition of the components of the alloy from the vapor phase can be reduced if the surface of the alloy is mechanically worked, preferably by a peening action, during the course of the deposition.Suitable apparatus for mechanically working the surface of the alloy are sets of hammers or flails driven by a suitable means that they strike the surface of the alloy with sufficient force to flatten asperities produced during the course of the deposition and preferably sufficient to remove porosity adjacent to the surface, yet do not at the same time grossly distort the surface of the alloy.Type: GrantFiled: August 30, 1978Date of Patent: January 20, 1981Assignee: The Secretary of State in Her Britannic Majesty's Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandInventors: Robert L. Bickerdike, Garyth Hughes, William N. Mair
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Patent number: 4234622Abstract: Metallic coatings are vacuum deposited onto a substrate using more than one eposition method in a single vacuum deposition chamber without breaking vacuum between depositions by providing a vacuum deposition chamber with an RF sputter electrode, a chemical vapor deposition assembly spaced from the sputter electrode, and a substrate that can be rotated from beneath the RF sputter electrode to beneath the chemical vapor deposition assembly, then cleaning and degassing the substrate under vacuum in the deposition chamber, then positioning the substrate below the RF sputter electrode, backfilling the chamber with argon, and then sputter depositing a metal coating onto the substrate and then rotating the coated substrate to beneath the chemical vapor deposition assembly, vacuum pumping the chamber, delivering the material to be chemically vapor deposited to the substrate surface, and heating the substrate to the temperature required for the chemical vapor deposition reaction to take place.Type: GrantFiled: April 11, 1979Date of Patent: November 18, 1980Assignee: The United States of American as represented by the Secretary of the ArmyInventors: Stanley DuBuske, Willis M. Smith, Edward Daly, Albert F. Newman, Louis E. Branovich, Adolph G. Hager
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Patent number: 4233342Abstract: Method for vacuum depositing corrosion and oxidation resistant alloy coatings on turbine buckets having leading edges and trailing edges, with simultaneous rotation of the turbine buckets about their longitudinal axis in a vapor stream above a vapor source. The time of stay of each element of the surface above the vapor source is varied during a 360.degree. rotation such that it is shortest when the leading edges and the trailing edges are pointed towards the vapor source and longest when the concave and convex flanks are presented to it.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 1978Date of Patent: November 11, 1980Assignee: Leybold-Heraeus GmbHInventors: Hans Aichert, Walter Dietrich, Otto-Horst Hoffmann, Friedrich Stark, Herbert Stephan
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Patent number: 4226899Abstract: High stability thin film resistors are made from an alloy comprising selected portions of nickel, chromium, and gold selected in a ratio to provide the desired temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR). The resistors are made by co-depositing gold with the nickel chromium alloy by a flash evaporation process. The evaporation process is carried out by feeding a nickel chromium wire, having a gold wire extending therealong to provide the desired composition, onto a heated tungsten strip within a vacuum system with substrates disposed in a position to obtain uniform deposition of the evaporated material thereon.Type: GrantFiled: August 21, 1978Date of Patent: October 7, 1980Assignee: General Dynamics Corporation Electronics DivisionInventors: Ronald A. Thiel, Edward H. Maurer
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Patent number: 4222345Abstract: Coating apparatus having a vacuum chamber and a rotary motion assembly rotatably mounted in the vacuum chamber. Drive means is carried by the vacuum chamber for rotating the rotary motion assembly on an axis. At least one coating source is disposed within the chamber and is generally coincident with the axis of rotation for the rotary motion assembly. A mask structure is mounted in the chamber for rotational movement about an axis which is generally coincident with the axis of rotation of the rotary motion assembly. Additional drive means is provided for rotating the mask structure as the rotary motion assembly is rotated.Type: GrantFiled: November 30, 1978Date of Patent: September 16, 1980Assignee: Optical Coating Laboratory, Inc.Inventors: Nils H. Bergfelt, Richard I. Seddon
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Patent number: 4211838Abstract: A dry process high sensitivity imaging film includes a solid, high optical density and substantially opaque film of dispersion imaging material deposited on a substrate. The film of dispersion imaging material comprises a plurality of separate layers of different and substantially mutually insoluble metal components having relatively high melting points and relatively low melting point eutectics, and interfaces between said layers having relatively low melting points.Type: GrantFiled: August 25, 1977Date of Patent: July 8, 1980Assignee: Energy Conversion Devices, Inc.Inventors: Masatsugu Izu, Vincent D. Cannella
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Patent number: 4197336Abstract: A method comprises diffusion metal coating of pipes carried out in a vacuum chamber which contains metal evaporators. Prior to coating process a metal is fed into the interior of each pipe with the melting temperature thereof being substantially below that of the pipe metal. The metal coating of pipes is effected at a temperature above the melting temperature of the metal disposed within the pipes which are continuously rotating about their axes while axially advancing through the metal evaporator.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 1978Date of Patent: April 8, 1980Assignee: Ukrainsky Nauchno-Issledovatelsky Institut Spetsialnykh Stalei, Splavov I FerrosplavovInventors: Vladimir I. Savchenko, Anatoly I. Plyshevsky, Evgeny P. Ponomarenko, Grigory D. Duply, Georgy I. Khaustov, Iosif J. Korobochkin, Olga S. Vilyams, Jury K. Belov
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Patent number: 4188199Abstract: A process for forming a metal or metal compound coating on a face of a continuously longitudinally moving glass ribbon which comprises the steps of contacting the glass ribbon face while it is at elevated temperature, at a zone along the ribbon path, with a fluid medium containing a substance which undergoes chemical reaction or decomposition to form the metal or metal compound on the face, discharging at least part of the fluid medium against the face in stream formation having (1) a velocity component in the direction of movement of the glass ribbon and (2) an inclination to the face so that the acute or mean acute angle of incidence of the stream formation on the face, measured in a plane normal to the face and parallel with the direction of the glass ribbon movement, is not more than 60.degree..Type: GrantFiled: March 28, 1977Date of Patent: February 12, 1980Assignee: BFG GlassgroupInventors: Robert Van Laethem, Robert Leclercq, Phileas Capouillet, Albert Van Cauter
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Patent number: 4152747Abstract: An electrode which has at least one internal channel and an adjustable gate or slot to permit passage of gaseous material to be ionized from the internal channel and then in proximity to one or more outside faces of the electrode in a suitable area of electron emission, the electrode being placed in an electrical field in convenient proximity to an electrode or body of opposite charge.Type: GrantFiled: March 2, 1977Date of Patent: May 1, 1979Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Carl B. Fisher
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Patent number: 4141838Abstract: A dialysis membrane for hemodialysis having passages of uniform diameter and positioned uniform distances from each other.Type: GrantFiled: December 28, 1976Date of Patent: February 27, 1979Inventor: Berthold Schilling
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Patent number: 4138262Abstract: An imaging film, and a method of making it, comprising a flexible plastic substrate having a thin, high optical density, continuous layer of bismuth, or an alloy of bismuth, deposited on a surface thereof. The bismuth layer has a roughened outer surface. To this roughened surface a layer of a photoactive material is applied which serves as a photoresist as well as a protective overlayer for the bismuth. The photoactive material may be positive or negative working. A layer of a developable photographic emulsion may be applied to the photoactive material layer to impart camera speed to the imaging film. The photoresist side of the film has a non-shiny, essentially non-reflecting black surface which resembles the appearance of developed silver halide films. The substrate side of the film, on the other hand, has a metallic appearance which is easily distinguishable from the photoresist side. This feature of the film enables an operator to readily ascertain the photoresist side of the film and speeds plate making.Type: GrantFiled: September 20, 1976Date of Patent: February 6, 1979Assignee: Energy Conversion Devices, Inc.Inventors: Harvey H. Wacks, Masatsugu Izu, Donald J. Sarrach
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Patent number: 4137194Abstract: Microscopic capsules comprising a nucleus surrounded by a film-forming polymeric layer having a substantially continuous light-reflecting metallic coating thereover.Type: GrantFiled: June 25, 1969Date of Patent: January 30, 1979Assignee: Polaroid CorporationInventor: William J. McCune, Jr.
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Patent number: 4125391Abstract: A process of forming a metal or metal compound coating on a face of a glass substrate by contacting such face while at elevated temperature with droplets comprising a metal compound which by pyrolysis forms the coating metal or metal compound on the face, the improvement which comprises the steps of discharging at least one stream of the droplets at an inclination to the face so as to impinge on a zone within the face area to be coated, effecting a relative displacement between the stream and substrate so that the instantaneous zone of impingement of the stream on the face is progressively displaced along the face area to be coated, and creating suction forces in exhaust ducting whose entrance is located directly downstream from the impingement zone so as to cause gases environmental to the stream to flow continuously in the downstream direction away from the stream and from the vicinity of the impingement zone and directly into the ducting substantially without affecting the paths of the droplets toward theType: GrantFiled: March 28, 1977Date of Patent: November 14, 1978Assignee: BFG GlassgroupInventor: Robert Van Laethem
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Patent number: 4123244Abstract: A process of forming a metal or metal compound coating on a face of a glass substrate which comprises the steps of contacting such face while it is at elevated temperature with a gaseous medium containing a substance in gaseous phase, which undergoes chemical reaction or decomposition to form the metal or metal compound on the face, causing the gaseous medium to flow along the face as a substantially turbulent-free layer along a flow passage which is defined in part by the face of the glass, and drawing residual medium away from the face through exhaust ducting into which the flow passage leads.Type: GrantFiled: March 28, 1977Date of Patent: October 31, 1978Assignee: BFG GlassgroupInventors: Robert Leclercq, Phileas Capouillet, Albert Van Cauter
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Patent number: 4122221Abstract: A substrate or part holder is disclosed which allows rotation of at least two parts about their individual axes as well as rotation of all of the parts about a main axis. The part holder has a stub shaft for receiving each part, and a hollow housing attached to the end of a hollow shaft. An interior shaft is rotatable inside the hollow shaft and a central gear engages a gear on each stub shaft inside of the housing. Means are provided for mounting a part on each stub shaft outside of the housing. Rotation of the hollow shaft will cause rotation of all of the parts about the common axis, while any differential in rotation between the hollow shaft and the interior shaft will cause rotation of each part about the axis of the stub shaft to which it is attached.Type: GrantFiled: August 19, 1977Date of Patent: October 24, 1978Assignee: Airco, Inc.Inventor: Glen R. Scheuermann
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Patent number: 4120679Abstract: This invention relates to the process of producing semi-reflecting glass products comprising applying to at least a portion of one surface of said product a solution of at least one charge-transfer complex in a non-aqueous organic solvent therefor, said product having been heated prior to said application to a temperature sufficient to evaporate said solvent and cause pyrolysis of said charge-transfer complex, and said charge-transfer complex having the general formula MeX.sub.m Y.sub.n where Me is a transition element having metallic characteristics, X is at least one beta-diketone ester or alcohol radical having no more than 10 carbon atoms or at least one halogen radical, Y is at least one beta-diketone radical having no more than 10 carbon atoms and differing from X, and m and n equal the valence of Me.Type: GrantFiled: June 15, 1977Date of Patent: October 17, 1978Assignee: Saint-Gobain IndustriesInventor: Daniel Philibert
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Patent number: 4098920Abstract: A method of continuously producing a super conductive intermetallic compound. It includes passing a filament of a metallic substrate through a high temperature plating chamber. The filament is heated electrically to a higher temperature while plating gases of the metals which make up the intermetallic compound are introduced in the form of halides of such metals along with sufficient hydrogen to complete a chemical change which plates the superconductor on the filament.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 1976Date of Patent: July 4, 1978Assignee: Texaco Inc.Inventor: Gordon H. Miller
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Patent number: 4097624Abstract: A method for decontaminating and subsequently metallizing a filament comprises:Passing the filament through the inner tube of a first chamber for decontamination which comprises two concentric tubes having an annular space therebetween, the inner tube of which has a series of fine holes therein; wherein said inner tube is heated and said annular space contains an inert gas such that said gas flows through said holes in heated jet streams which impinge upon said filament, thereby heating and decontaminating said filament;Passing said heated and decontaminated filament into a second chamber for metallization also comprising two concentric tubes having an annular space therebetween, the inner tube of which has a series of fine holes therein; wherein said inner tube of said second chamber is heated and said annular space of said second chamber contains a gaseous, thermally decomposable metal compound such that said gaseous metal compound flows through said holes in heated jet streams and impinges upon said heatedType: GrantFiled: September 30, 1977Date of Patent: June 27, 1978Assignee: University of VirginiaInventor: Hermann J. Schladitz
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Patent number: 4091138Abstract: This invention provides a method for forming a dense, electrically conductive, metallic coating having a sufficient adherence without use of an adhesive on an insulating film, sheet, or plate such as plastic film, plastic rigid sheet, or ceramics by the cluster ion plating procedure which comprises heating a crucible containing a vapor deposition metal at a temperature of 200.degree. to 2,500.degree. C in a vacuum of 1 .times. 10.sup.-4 Torr. to 1 .times. 10.sup.-7 Torr.Type: GrantFiled: February 4, 1976Date of Patent: May 23, 1978Assignees: Sumitomo Bakelite Company Limited, Toshinori TakagiInventors: Toshinori Takagi, Tatsuichiro Nishiyama, Unosuke Uchida
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Patent number: 4082594Abstract: A method wherein a machine-foldable wrapper for chewing gum has a paper substrate metallized to give the appearance of continuous foil, the foil being made discontinuous to allow the paper to reach and maintain a moisture content which is in equilibrium with the ambient air. This prevents the wrapper from curling at the edges while in storage.Type: GrantFiled: January 26, 1977Date of Patent: April 4, 1978Assignee: Mardon Flexible Packaging LimitedInventor: Ernest Stonehouse
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Patent number: 4062104Abstract: A disposable thermocouple probe to be used in association with an electronic processing and indicating device to comprise a clinical thermometer. The dissimilar metals of the thermocouple junction are applied by the vacuum deposition process. The optical nature of the process allows the metal thickness to be graduated to allow the dissimilar metals at the junction to be only 0.0001 to 0.1 mils thick to allow response times of less than one second, while the metal which makes sliding contact with the processing and display portion of the thermometer is graduated to a thickness of 10 times greater, for example, than the metal thickness at the junction to resist the abrasion encountered when inserted at time of use. A method is provided for the handling of the probes in large quantities by molding a structure which resembles a comb in which the individual probes are supported by a backbone.Type: GrantFiled: January 12, 1977Date of Patent: December 13, 1977Inventor: Walter Norman Carlsen
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Patent number: 4051270Abstract: The temperature of a substrate to be vacuum vapor coated is measured immediately before its is passed over a source of coating metal vapor and immediately after the vapor has condensed on it. Costing conditions are controlled to maintain the difference between those temperatures at a value which is related to the thickness of the condensed coating by a heat balance equation.Type: GrantFiled: October 10, 1972Date of Patent: September 27, 1977Assignee: Jones & Laughlin Steel CorporationInventor: John F. Butler
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Patent number: 4031851Abstract: Fabrication apparatus is described for improving the ultimate strength of boron and other high strength filaments. In the apparatus, a gradual cooling zone is placed at the exit end of the reaction zone to prevent the sudden thermal shock normally encountered when hot boron filaments exit into the ambient atmosphere. A preheating zone can be added prior to the entrance into the reaction zone if desired. Additionally, the entrance and exit ends of the reaction zone are sealed with a molten metal, such as tin, heated to elevated temperatures close to the reaction temperature. These molten metal electrodes tend to minimize deposition of weak boron due to a low temperature region immediately following the reactor entrance and help to eliminate sudden thermal shocks to the filaments at the exit.Type: GrantFiled: April 18, 1974Date of Patent: June 28, 1977Inventor: Jose L. Camahort
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Patent number: 4029045Abstract: An apparatus for applying coatings to very small objects which includes levitating the objects in an environment established for vapor deposition or sputtering in such a way that a uniform coating can be applied. The design includes a permanent magnet and a retaining diaphragm together with a variable frequency oscillator and amplifier to achieve vibrations of the diaphragm during the coating operation in such magnitude as to keep the selected particles suspended above the diaphragm to expose the entire surface to the coating being applied.Type: GrantFiled: March 29, 1976Date of Patent: June 14, 1977Assignee: KMS Fusion, Inc.Inventors: Dennis E. Cielaszyk, Andrew J. Meyer
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Patent number: 4023999Abstract: There is disclosed a method for producing in thick (0.005 inches) polyimide films or sheets, openings, or windows across each of which an electrical conductor, such as copper or aluminum extends. The windows may be of substantial dimensions typically 0.05 inches by 0.1 inches. The conductor is of substantial thickness of about 0.0008 to 0.001 inches. The method is practiced with a sheet in which holes have been preformed. The sheet is coated with the conductor on both surfaces by being rotated in a stream of vapor of the conductor produced by impinging an electron beam (typically at 10 KV and 300 milliamperes) on a block of the conducting material. As the sheet is rotated in the stream of vapor, the walls of the holes as well as the surface of the sheet are coated with a conductor. Photoresist is then deposited on both coated surfaces of the sheet and in the holes and is exposed under masks and developed so as to expose the conducting coating on each surface in the areas of the windows.Type: GrantFiled: November 11, 1974Date of Patent: May 17, 1977Assignee: Westinghouse Electric CorporationInventors: Frank A. Lindberg, Stephen G. Konsowski, Maurice B. Shamash, Seymour J. Ponemone
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Patent number: 4022939Abstract: A sputtering apparatus of the bell-jar type includes a high-vacuum pump disposed centrally of, and directly within a vacuum chamber of the apparatus. A separate enclosing member is disposed within the chamber and allows selective exposure of the pump to the chamber. An annular workholder is mounted in concentric surrounding relation with the pump, and an apertured, annular shutter is mounted in concentric surrounding relation with the workholder. Targets of materials to be sputter deposited on the workpieces are mounted on the inside wall of the main enclosure of the apparatus. The shutter and the workholder are moved in synchronism at the beginning and at the end of the deposition cycle to provide a uniform exposure of all the workpieces to the targets.Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 1975Date of Patent: May 10, 1977Assignee: Western Electric Company, Inc.Inventors: Marvin E. Roth, Donald J. Vallere
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Patent number: 4021277Abstract: A process is disclosed for vacuum depositing by co-sputtering a thin film nickel-chromium resistor of metastable composition. Also disclosed is a resistor made by this process, which resistor possesses a near zero temperature coefficient of resistance.Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 1972Date of Patent: May 3, 1977Assignee: Sprague Electric CompanyInventors: George A. Shirn, William J. Pfister
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Patent number: 4016310Abstract: A method and device for obtaining uniform vapor deposition of one or more inorganic metallic photoconductive materials onto a substrate by importing under vacuum a slow translational movement of one or more heated crucibles and/or of the substrate being coated.Type: GrantFiled: April 23, 1975Date of Patent: April 5, 1977Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Samuel W. Ing
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Patent number: 3989862Abstract: Method and apparatus are provided for depositing a coating of uniform thickness across a substrate coated by a vapor-deposition process, for confining and directing the vapor to the substrate in a manner to minimize vapor loss, and for conveniently collecting vapor which bypasses the substrate.Type: GrantFiled: July 15, 1974Date of Patent: November 2, 1976Assignee: Jones & Laughlin Steel CorporationInventors: John Francis Butler, William John Babyak
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Patent number: 3971661Abstract: There is disclosed a method for producing in thick (0.005 inches) polyimide films or sheets, openings, or windows across each of which an electrical conductor, such as copper or aluminum extends. The windows may be of substantial dimensions typically 0.05 inches by 0.1 inches. The conductor is of substantial thickness of about 0.0008 to 0.001 inches. The sheet is coated with the conductor on both surfaces by being rotated in a stream of vapor of the conductor produced by impinging an electron beam (typically at 10 KV and 300 milliamperes) on a block of the conducting material. Photoresist is then deposited on both coated surfaces of the sheet and exposed under masks and developed so as to expose the conducting coating on each surface in the areas of the windows. The exposed coating is then removed with an acid etchant while the remainder of the surfaces remain protected by the developed photoresist. The polyimide in the areas of the windows is thus exposed.Type: GrantFiled: November 14, 1974Date of Patent: July 27, 1976Assignee: Westinghouse Electric CorporationInventors: Frank A. Lindberg, Stephen G. Konsowski, Maurice B. Shamash, Seymour J. Ponemone
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Patent number: 3969545Abstract: A method of making a light polarizing material having excellent polarization characteristics over wavelengths from the visible to the infrared (IR) region is disclosed. A smooth surface of an optical material, such as for example glass, plastic or IR transmitting material, is mounted in a vacuum enclosure and a vaporized material or metal is directed onto the surface. The metal may be gold, silver, copper or aluminum, for example, or any other material or combination thereof which is reflective at the wavelength to be polarized. As the deposition occurs on the surface, metal atoms are initially attached to sites on the surface with metal whiskers forming on the initial sites in the direction of the incident vaporized metal. The metal whiskers are grown with their long axis essentially parallel to the vaporized metal direction and essentially parallel to each other.Type: GrantFiled: November 19, 1974Date of Patent: July 13, 1976Assignee: Texas Instruments IncorporatedInventor: Robert E. Slocum
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Patent number: 3963839Abstract: Preparation of thin layers of tungsten or molybdenum on a highly temperature-resistant layer substrate by thermal evaporation in a high vacuum, where WO.sub.3 or MoO.sub.3, respectively, is evaporated and the layer substrate is heated so that the oxides are decomposed and a pure tungsten or molybdenum layer is deposited on the layer substrate.Type: GrantFiled: August 29, 1974Date of Patent: June 15, 1976Assignee: Siemens AktiengesellschaftInventor: Helmut Freller