Abstract: Plasma spraying of particulate thermotropic liquid crystalline polymers onto the surfaces of composite and metallic structures. The present plasma spray process employs a conventional direct current electric arc plasma spray gun in which an inert plasma gas is introduced, caused to swirl, and discharges as a rotating plasma flame having an exceptionally high temperature, above about 14000.degree. K, into which the particulate liquid crystal polymer is discharged for melting and propulsion onto the target surface. The target surface preferably is preheated, and the molten particles deposit and cool to form a build up of the desired thickness. Cooling is regulated by post-heating the deposit to a temperature between about 200.degree. F. and 500.degree. F.

Abstract: A method for forming an indium oxide film on an electrically conductive substrate by immersing the substrate and a counter electrode in an aqueous solution containing at least nitrate and indium ions and flowing an electric current between the substrate and the couter electrode, thereby causing indium oxide film formation on the substrate, is provided. A substrate for a semiconductor element and a photovoltaic element produced using the film forming method are also provided. An aqueous solution for the formation of an indium oxide film by an electroless deposition process, containing at least nitrate and indium ions and tartrate, is also disclosed. A film-forming method for the formation of an indium oxide film on a substrate by an electroless deposition process, using the aqueous solution, and a substrate for a semiconductor element and a photovoltaic element produced using the film-forming method are further provided.

Abstract: A process for forming a zinc oxide film including immersing an electroconductive substrate having a surface including a plurality of linear projections in an aqueous solution containing at least nitrate ions and zinc ions to form a zinc oxide film on the electroconductive substrate by a liquid-phase deposition. The plurality of linear projections may preferably provide an uneven surface which has a center-line average surface roughness Ra(X) of 15-300 nm when scanned in a direction parallel to the linear projections, a center line average surface roughness Ra(Y) of 20-600 nm when scanned in a direction perpendicular to the linear projections, and an Ra(X)/Ra(Y) ratio of at most 0.8. The thus formed zinc oxide film is provided with an uneven surface suitable for an optical-confinement layer of a photo-electricity generating device excellent in photoelectric performances.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods of making new and improved diamond, "diamond-like carbon" (a-C) and "diamond-like hydrocarbon" (a-C:H) coatings bonded to substrates by using intermediate bonding layers comprising amorphous "glassy" metals, engineered to reduce the residual stress in the diamond coatings, and to articles of manufacture made using such methods.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of treating a metal substrate to provide permanent corrosion resistance. The method comprises applying a solution containing one or more vinyl silanes in admixture with one or more multi-silyl-functional silanes to a metal substrate in order to form a coating. The method is particularly suitable for use on zinc coated surfaces.

Abstract: A method of preparing electrodes is now described, which electrodes have enhanced adhesion of subsequently applied coatings combined with excellent coating service life. In the method, a substrate metal, such as a valve metal as represented by titanium, is provided with a highly desirable rough surface characteristic for subsequent coating application. This can be achieved by various operations including etching to ensure a roughened surface morphology. In subsequent operations, a barrier layer is provided on the surface of enhanced morphology. This may be achieved by operations including heating, as well as including thermal decomposition of a layer precursor. Subsequent coatings provide enhanced lifetime even in the most rugged commercial environments.

Abstract: A tube product and improvement in the production of coating tubing includes hot dip galvanize zinc coating of tubing, and before solidification of the zinc coating, clear coating of the tubing with organic polymer coating. The heat of the hot dip cures the clear coating, and the clear coating preserves a consistency and reflectivity of the zinc previously unseen in finished products. In additional preferred embodiments, organic polymer coatings are applied to zinc coated and uncoated tubing, and the organic polymer coatings are applied by electrostatic powder coating.

Abstract: This invention is based upon the unexpected discovery that aliphatic solvents and secondary plasticizers act to reduce the viscosity of plastisol compositions that contain a crosslinked nitrile rubber. It has been unexpectedly found that plastisol compositions having acceptable viscosities which contain more than 30 or even 40 percent crosslinked nitrile rubber can be made by incorporating an aliphatic solvent or an aliphatic plasticizer therein.

Abstract: A method for preventing radioactive contamination of porous surfaces comprising providing an apparatus for handling radioactive material comprising a porous surface; exposing the porous surface to a vacuum; depositing a flowable precursor material onto the porous surface, wherein the porous surface comprises pores and the vacuum is effective to substantially fill the pores with the flowable precursor material; subjecting the flowable precursor material to energy sufficient to convert the flowable precursor material to an effective sealant film comprising amorphous carbon. In a preferred embodiment, the porous surface is an anodized aluminum surface.

Abstract: A method for coating an inner surface of a metal tube comprises supplying a hot-melt resin powdery paint floating in air together with an air stream into the metal tube which has been pre-heated and rotating around it's horizontal center axis. An apparatus used for the method comprises a rotating means for supporting and rotating the metal tube, fluidizing bed tank for floating the powdery paint in air, a paint supply pipe, an air pipe and a Y-shaped mixing pipe through which the powdery paint is supplied to the inside of the metal tube in the form of a jet. The inner surface of the metal tube can be coated uniformly in a very short period of time.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to improved gel/grease compositions as well as grease compositions capable of imparting improved corrosion resistance. The grease includes a silica/silicate mixture that can imparts a relatively high pH and corrosion resistant properties to the grease.

Abstract: A mechanism and process for coating tapped holes in specialty articles having varying external configurations, such as metal stampings. The specialty article is positioned in a preselected orientation at a loading station, and is then engaged by a carriage assembly and moved from the loading station to a heating station, and then to a spray and discharge station. During movement between stations, the article is maintained in the preselected orientation to allow proper heating and spraying of the tapped holes.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to improved gel/grease compositions as well as grease compositions capable of imparting improved corrosion resistance. The grease includes a silica/silicate mixture that can imparts a relatively high pH and corrosion resistant properties to the grease.

Abstract: A method for creating an oxide coating on the surface of a component formed from austenitic stainless steel or nickel alloy steel is set forth. The component has a naturally formed oxide film at the surface. The naturally formed oxide is enhanced through a process comprising at least two steps. In the first step, the component is heated in the presence of circulating dry air for a first period of time at a temperature of approximately 300 degrees centigrade. In the second step, the component is heated in the presence of static dry air at an elevated pressure for a second period of time at a temperature that is higher than the temperature during the first period. The exterior portion of the enhanced oxide coating is removed with an oxidizing treatment whereby an oxide coating having a high ratio of chromium to iron is exposed at the surface of the stainless steel.

Abstract: An insulated metallic strip suitable for use in the coils of power transformers and method of producing the same. Following the extrusion of a flat metallic strip of conductive material for winding into a magnet coil, the flat strip having a predetermined thickness and first and second sides bounded by a pair of fully rounded edges, the method of insulating the strip of conductive material by supporting the flat strip in a level state at a predetermined temperature in a vacuum chamber and while in the vacuum chamber applying a liquid coating of resin to the entire first side of the strip and the pair of rounded edges and extending onto the second side of the strip from each of the edges a distance at least as great as about 0.25" to prevent turn to turn discharge.

Abstract: According to the invention, there are provided a novel process for preparing an anti-scaling coating on the walls of a polymerization vessel by using aromatic compounds reacted with sodium hydroxymethanesulphinate, and an anti-scaling coating obtained by this novel process.

Abstract: A ceramic, metal, or metal alloy surface is covered with lithium permangae which is then thermally decomposed to produce a corrosion resistant coating on the surface. This coating serves as a primer coating which is preferably covered with an overcoat of a sealing paint.

Abstract: The problems caused by chemical and thermal shrinkage of hard roll covers, are reduced by the inclusion of one or more intermediate compressive layers between the metal roll substrate and the outer cover, or cover. A compressive layer has the properties of being rigid enough to allow the cover to be applied to the roll, and compressible enough to deform and absorb the stresses which occur as the cover is shrinking during processing.In one embodiment, the intermediate compressive layer comprises a three dimensional fabric that is filled preferably with a thermoset resin system which cures at lower temperature than cover. In a second embodiment, the precise amount of shrinkage in the roll is predetermined to a high enough degree of accuracy so that a depth for the fabric layer can be used to compensate for the amount of shrinkage, thereby eliminating the need for filling. In a third embodiment, the compressive layer is comprised of a meltable material wherein said material melts at cure temperatures.

Abstract: The present invention provides a superhard film-coated member having a diamond or diamond-like carbon film strongly bonded to a cemented carbide substrate and a method of manufacturing such a member. The cemented carbide substrate is subjected to heat treatment to cause the bonding metal in a region of the substrate near to its surface to migrate to the surface so as to form hemispherical deposits thereon. The deposits are left undisturbed or a part or all thereof are removed, and subsequently diamond and/or diamond-like carbon is grown on the substrate surface by a chemical vapor deposition process. The deposits formed on the substrate surface have the effect of significantly improving the bonding strength between the superhard films and the cemented carbide substrate to allow formation of thicker film coatings.

Abstract: Solid extrusion coating compositions for metal substrates, a method of extrusion coating a metal substrate, and a metal article are disclosed. The extrusion coating composition is a thermoplastic material and comprises: (a) a polyester having a weight average molecular weight of about 10,000 to about 35,000, and (b) a modifying resin, such as an epoxy resin having an epoxy equivalent weight of about 500 to about 15,000. The extrusion coating composition is applied to a metal substrate in an extrusion process to provide a composition film having a thickness of about 1 to about 40 microns.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing AlN powder employing a vacuum chamber with a nozzle thereon having a hollow center crucible of graphite with a small feed hole in the bottom thereof. A device is provided for heating and melting aluminum in the crucible. A plasma gun connected to a source of argon and nitrogen is ignited below said feed hole, and melted aluminum moves into the plume of said plasma gun. The melted aluminum is atomized in the plume, and the droplets of aluminum are vaporized and react to the nitrogen in the plume, to create AlN which is collected in a collecting chamber.

Abstract: A process for applying a polyurethane elastomeric lining for truck beds and product produced by same, including a kit, enabling do-it yourself application by a truck owner of a protective coating of the inner surfaces which define a truck bed, which coating is effective for preserving the durational utility of the involved interior walls without the need for professional assistance or specialized equipment.

Abstract: A method of treating a potable water supply component, for example a pipe, pipe coupling or tap body, made of a leaded copper-based alloy such as a brass or gun metal, in order to inhibit the leach out of lead from the alloy by potable water during service, comprises treating at least internal surfaces of the component with an aqueous solution of an acid that forms a substantially water insoluble compound with lead. The acid is preferably ortho-phosphoric acid.

Abstract: Deleterious effects of friction between bullets and the barrel of a firearm are reduced by improving the lubricity of the surface of the bullet by coating the same with molybdenum disulfide according to a method that includes heating the bullets to be coated to open the pores thereof and then agitating the bullets and molybdenum disulfide with an impacting instrumentality to drive the molybdenum disulfide against the bullet to be deeply absorbed therein. The bullets are also polished and burnished.

Abstract: A mechanism and process for coating tapped holes in specialty articles having varying external configurations, such as metal stampings. The specialty article is positioned in a preselected orientation at a loading station, and is then engaged by a carriage assembly and moved from the loading station to a heating station, and then to a spray and discharge station. During movement between stations, the article is maintained in the preselected orientation to allow proper heating and spraying of the tapped holes.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for the metallizing of precision machine parts coupled with heat-treatment and machining to insure the minimal handling the remachining generally required due to dimensional distortion resulting from the standard heat-treatment used in hardening the metallized coating.

Abstract: A metallic stent is coated with a synthetic or biological active or inactive agent that only adheres to the metallic surface of the stent and does not cover slots formed in the stent. In the method, a metallic stent is manufactured in a known manner and is then cleaned to remove surface contaminants and carbon deposits formed from cutting operations and electro-polishing procedures. The stent is then dried in a chamber in which nitrogen gas is purged and then placed in a bath containing a suitable surfactant, such as a long chain alkyl quaternary salt, that removes any residual carbon on the surface of the stent. The stent is then placed in a container filled with the coating agent and the container is placed in an ultrasonic bath. When the bath is activated, the stent swirls in the agent, which agent coats the stent but does not cover the slots of the stent. The stent is removed from the container and dried in a controlled atmosphere.

Abstract: A zeolite-coatable metallic foil, in particular in the form of a honeycomb body, is formed of a steel containing chromium and/or aluminum and having a surface. An oxide layer covers the surface. A ceramic washcoat on the oxide layer acts as a bonding layer for receiving a zeolite layer. A process for producing a metallic foil coated with zeolite, in particular in the form of a honeycomb body, includes oxidizing a steel foil containing chromium and/or aluminum to form a finely grained aluminum oxide layer on a surface. A ceramic washcoat acting as a bonding layer is applied to the oxide layer. A zeolite layer is applied to the ceramic bonding layer.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for coating a surface of an elongated strip article, e.g. aluminum sheet, with a layer of solid polymer material. The process involves heating the polymer to produce a melt having a viscosity of at least 1000 centipoise when measured according to ASTM D4440 at 1 radian per second, extruding the melt onto a moving surface of the strip article through an elongated slot in a coating head having an extended surface adjacent to the slot arranged at an angle to the moving surface to form a coating gap converging in the direction of movement, thereby forming a coating on the strip article, and pushing the coating head towards the surface of the strip article as the melt is extruded as the coating onto the surface from the slot to reduce the coating thickness to a desired range by pressing the extended surface of the coating head onto the coating as the coating is formed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing a hydrogen storage alloy low in cobalt content which can restrains a decrease in cycle life characteristic and preservation characteristic of an alkaline storage battery when the alloy is used as a negative electrode. The method includes the following steps. An Mm-Ni system hydrogen storage alloy which has a crystal structure of CaCu.sub.5 and contains 15 atom % or less of cobalt is powdered to have an average particle diameter of 10-100 .mu.m. Then, the powdered alloy is immersed in a treatment solution at 80.degree.-130.degree. C., the treatment solution comprising an alkaline aqueous solution containing 10 g/l or more of lithium hydroxide and having a specific gravity of 1.1 or higher, and cobalt ions which is contained in the alkaline aqueous solution, thereby forming a layer containing nickel and cobalt in higher concentration than in the bulk of the powdered alloy onto the alloy surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel method for the plasma assisted high vacuum vapor coating of parts with wear resistant coatings where the method comprises at least the process steps heating and conditioning and where the process step conditioning comprises heating. A protective gas is used for the heating. It is circulated at a pressure of at least 0.01 bar. Significant advantages are realized over state of the art methods using radiation heating. The method is preferentially carried out in an apparatus conceived for it, which comprises a blower (3), protective shields (8) and gas flow management sheets(9).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pipe treatment process that is a portable, field-applied, coating process. The process produces a two-layer composite protective coating system with a finished, seamless, chemical bond within its interlayers as well as to adjacent coating materials, The process is suitable for both metailic and concrete substrates, which may or may not be cathoadically protected, and may be used to either coat now or to recoat e.g.

Abstract: Patent for "PROCESS AND EQUIPMENT FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS RECOVERY OF TWO PIPES OR TUBES WITH A HIGH DEGREE OF OBSTRUCTION", with the said process consisting of recovering each of the said obstructed pipes or tubes by means of a jet of compressed air flowing with a spiral motion from one of the extremities of each of the said pipes or tubes, with water first being added to the said jet in order to increase the passage of the air; with the said water then being followed by a cleaning solution, a volatile liquid, or another equivalent product, along with an abrasive material consisting of crushed rock or gravel, or a similar substance, in order to clean the said pipe or tube; after which an epoxy resin paint or another type of coating is added, which coats all of the inner wall of the pipe or tube, as a result of the pressure applied by the said jet of compressed air.

Abstract: The problems caused by chemical and thermal shrinkage of hard roll covers, are reduced by the inclusion of one or more intermediate compressive layers between the metal roll and the outer cover, or topstock. A compressive layer has the properties of being rigid enough to allow the topstock to be applied to the roll, and compressible enough to buffer and absorb the stresses which occur as the topstock is shrinking during processing.In one embodiment, the intermediate compressive layer comprises a three dimensional fabric that is filled preferably with a thermoset resin system which cures at lower temperature than topstock. In a second embodiment, the precise amount of shrinkage in the roll can be predetermined to a high enough degree of accuracy so that a depth for the fabric layer can be used to compensate for the amount of shrinkage, thereby eliminating the need for filling. In a third embodiment, the compressive layer is comprised of a wax material.

Abstract: A dental care material comprising a titanium sintered body has no harmful effects on the human body and easily produces products with complicated shapes having a high level of strength. A mixture of titanium powder and an organic binder is injection molded and subjected to binder removal and sintering processes to form a bracket for orthodontic or dental implant materials. Pure titanium powder, with an average granule diameter of no more than 40 .mu.m, a carbon content by weight of no more than 0.3%, and an oxygen content by weight of no more than 0.6%, preferably is used to produce a titanium sintered body of combined carbon and oxygen content by weight of no more than 1.0%. Colored layers can be formed on the surface of the titanium sintered body using various methods as needed.

Abstract: A coated article comprising a stainless steel base having an etched surface and having on the etched surface a coated layer. The coating layer may comprise a fluororesin and can be provided: after sensitizing the stainless steel base through heating, treating with an acid, subjecting to etching, and subjecting to a solution treatment; after immersing in an aqueous acid solution or an aqueous ferric chloride solution to cause the base to be dissolved to such an extent that the gloss of the surface disappears; after uniformly abrading the surface of the base through buffing or blasting to the weight corresponding to a thickness of 1.0 .mu.m or more of the base, immersing in an aqueous acid solution or an aqueous ferric chloride solution to cause the base to be dissolved to such an extent that the gloss of the surface disappears, and subjecting to etching; or after subjecting to electrolytic etching at 15.degree. C. or less.

Abstract: A method for depositing a thin film of diamond on the surface of a Fe-based substrate comprises the step of pre-treating the surface of the Fe-based substrate prior to the deposition consisting of nucleating carbon atoms on the Fe-based substrate to grow the thin film of diamond. The pre-treatment consists of supersaturating the surface of the Fe-based substrate with carbon atoms and heating it to form a diffusion barrier layer. During the pre-treatment, at least a portion of the carbon atoms are diffused into the Fe-based substrate. During the deposition process, carbon atoms are prevented by the diffusion barrier layer previously formed to diffuse into the Fe-based substrate whereby these carbon atoms remain available for the nucleation and growth of the thin film of diamond.

Abstract: A method of preventing corrosion of metals using silanes. The method comprises applying a first treatment solution directly onto the surface of the metal, wherein the first treatment solution contains at least one multi-functional silane having at least two trisubstituted silyl groups, and wherein the substituents are individually chosen from the group consisting of alkoxy and acetoxy. An optional second treatment solution containing an organofunctional silane may also be employed, particularly if the metal is to be painted.

Abstract: The invention provides a rust inhibiting technology for zinc-coated and uncoated steel which insures at least the equivalent of results obtainable by the technology using a Cr-containing coating composition.This method comprises coating a zinc-coated or uncoated steel substrate with a water-based resin composition comprising a carboxylated polyolefin resin and 70-0 part by weight of solid matter of at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyurethane resin, polyester resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, and alkyd resin as supplemented with 0.01-0.5 part by weight of phosphate ion based on 100 parts by weight of total solid matter of said water-based resin composition and adjusted to a pH value of not less than 7, either followed by heating the coated substrate at 50.degree.-250.degree. C. to dry the coat or preceded by heating said steel substrate at 50.degree.-250.degree. C. to let the then-applied coat dry spontaneously.

Abstract: Fixtures composed of a combination of a metallic core coated with a fused plasticized vinyl chloride coating and an overcoating barrier which shields the coating from atmospheric exposure possess superior resistance against outdoor weathering. The overcoating barrier protectively shields the plasticized vinyl chloride coating from microbiological and sunlight induced degradation. The fixture maintains the compositional integrity and appearance of a freshly manufactured fixture notwithstanding prolonged exposure to normally deteriorative weathering (e.g. bright sunlight, hot and humid) conditions. If desired, the protective barrier may include traction imparting components which prevent slippage and improve upon surface traction. Thermosetting resins and especially the electrostatically applied powders particularly afford effective overcoating barriers for protectively shielding the plasticized vinyl chloride coating from degradation.

Abstract: The invention is the chemical composition and method for forming a chemical conversion coating on ferrous metal surfaces and subsequent coloring of said conversion coating through the application of a water-soluble dye. The conversion coating has an ordered crystalline structure composed of ferrous oxalate or other ferrous dicarboxylates. The conversion coating can be colored through the application of a water-soluble reactive dye which bonds with Fe (II) within the ferrous dicarboxylate matrix, bound to the dicarboxylate molecules, thereby becoming water insoluble and permanent. When sealed with an appropriate rust preventive top coat, the result is an attractive and protective finish of minimal thickness which can be applied through simple immersion process techniques. Said finish can serve as a final protective finish on a fabricated ferrous metal article and also affords a degree of lubricity for assembly, break-in purposes, or anti-galling protection and serves as an adhesive base for paint.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for inhibiting the corrosion of ferrous and other metals by passivating the metals. The system includes novel buffered compositions which may be applied to metal products for preventing or retarding corrosion and methods for applying the buffered compositions to metal products such that corrosion protection of the products is achieved through passivation. The methods include an in-situ application to existing structures with metal reinforcement as well as applications to metal products during manufacture. Generally, the compositions may be in various forms and comprise a carrier component and one or more particulate pH buffer components. The particles of buffer are selected to retain the proximity of the metal at a pH at which the metal is passive to corrosion.

Abstract: A method of producing a steel sheet coated with a fluororesin film by heat-fusing the fluororesin film onto a surface of the steel sheet, comprising heating the surface of the steel sheet to a temperature higher by 30-120 degrees C. than a melting point of the fluororesin of the fluororesin film, and contact bonding the fluororesin film onto the steel sheet surface between a pair of rolls, while a surface of a roll facing the fluororesin film, in the pair of rolls, is heated to a temperature lower by 100-210 degrees C. than the melting point of the fluororesin of the fluororesin film.

Abstract: A method of preparing electrodes is now described, which electrodes have enhanced adhesion of subsequently applied coatings combined with excellent coating service life. In the method, a substrate metal, such as a valve metal as represented by titanium, is provided with a highly desirable rough surface characteristic for subsequent coating application. This can be achieved by various operations including etching to ensure a roughened surface morphology. In subsequent operations, a barrier layer is provided on the surface of enhanced morphology. This may be achieved by operations including heating, as well as including thermal decomposition of a layer precursor. Subsequent coatings provide enhanced lifetime even in the most rugged commercial environments.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for application of liquid materials onto substrates is provided. The present invention allows high speed selective application of curable liquids to a continuous succession of discrete substrates and subsequent curing of those liquids in order to form a solid or foamed coating on at least a portion of the substrates. The present invention provides increased speed efficiency and adherence of the liquid cured onto the substrates.

Abstract: Method for increasing the torque generating capabilities of a clutch are disclosed including the application of a film lubricant composition onto the engagement surfaces of a clutch. The composition imparts anti-galling properties to engaging surfaces of metallic pieces such as brakes or clutches.

Abstract: The protection against black and white rust on zinciferous surfaces by a conventional chromating treatment is improved by drying into place on the zinciferous surface before chromating a pre-treatment composition that contains hexavalent chromium ion plus one or more salts of nickel and cobalt, in an amount to produce an add-on of 0.5 to 100 mg/m.sup.2 of metal.

Abstract: A process for treating cutting tools to extend the useful duty cycles of the tools by immersing the tools to be treated in a bath of a solvent in sufficient amounts and at a temperature to remove contamination from the surface of the tools and to coat the tool surfaces with perfluoroethylene. The solvent and perfluoroethylene resin are circulated throughout the immersed tools for a time sufficient to coat the surfaces with polyfluoroethylene resin.

Abstract: A coating apparatus and method for applying a coating to a workpiece, comprising:a vessel to contain molten metal;an induction coil disposed about said vessel; and,temperature regulation means;wherein, in use, said induction coil induces a magnetic field within said vessel such that a meniscus of molten metal is formed above said vessel, through which said workpiece is passed for coating, whilst said temperature regulation means regulates temperature of said molten metal and/or controls the meniscus height of said meniscus.

Abstract: A process for preparing coating compositions of a commingled hydrogel of a polyurethane-polyurea polymer hydrogel and a poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) polymer hydrogel; a process for making materials composed of a polymeric plastic or rubber substrate or a metallic substrate, with a coating of the commingled hydrogel thereon; and a process for making medical devices with a coating of the commingled hydrogel thereon, are disclosed. The coating compositions tenaciously adhere to the substrate materials and medical devices to which they are applied due to bonding of a tie coat to a reactive substrate surface and due to the commingling of the two hydrogel components. The coating compositions and coated materials and medical devices are non-toxic and biocompatible, making them ideally suited for use in applications such as for catheters, catheter balloons and stents.