Abstract: A system and method for adhering resin to the exterior of the bottles includes a coating section, a flash-off section, and a curing section. In the coating section, the bottles are dipped in a solution of resin and solvent. Only the exterior of the bottles is coated. The bottles are fed from the coating section to the flash-off section where they will be conveyed along a zig-zag path. In the flash-off section, air will pass over the bottles in order to remove solvent from their exterior. The bottles are then fed to the curing section where they pass in front of a plurality of ultraviolet lights. The ultraviolet lights will cure the resin on the exterior of the bottles.

Abstract: An improved process for the fixation of preservatives in wood is disclosed which initiates the fixation process in the fixation vessel by the application of sufficient pressure to substantially obviate a thermal expansion effect of the treated wood; contacts the treated wood in the fixation vessel with an aqueous liquid heating medium preheated to a temperature of about 130.degree. to no more than about 200.degree. F. for a period of thirty minutes to about two hours; removes the aqueous liquid heating medium from the fixation vessel; applies a vacuum in the range of 10-30" Hg for a duration of up to about 30 minutes; and rinses the treated and fixed wood in said fixation vessel with heated clean water, heated to a temperature of about 200.degree. F.

Abstract: A film treating method treats a resist film which is formed on a substrate by spin coating. The method comprises a step for coating resist on the substrate to form the resist film, a step for conveying the substrate to a region having an atmosphere of a saturated vapor or a super-saturated vapor of solvent before the solvent contained in the resist film is lost, a step for executing a first heating process wherein the substrate is heated at a temperature which lowers the viscosity of the resist film and permits solvent to remain in the resist film in an amount sufficient to maintain the fluidity of the resist film, a step for conveying the substrate away from the region having the atmosphere of the saturated vapor or the super-saturated vapor of solvent, and a step for executing a second heating process wherein the substrate is heated at a temperature higher than that of the first heating process, thereby permitting the solvent to evaporate from the resist film.

Abstract: Process for the surface treatment of at least a part of an article comprising at least one surface essentially composed of a plastic, the said process comprising at least one sulphonation stage and at least one neutralization stage and being characterized in that the neutralization is carried out by bringing into contact with at least one polyamine compound.

Abstract: A minimal amount of waste in liquid resist material is achieved by dispensing through small openings at close proximity to the substrate. An airtight substrate chamber as well as airtight sealing of dispensing assembly and airtight sealing of the space that does not have to be opened for substrate loading and unloading, are used to facilitate a uniform and planarized coating after a high-speed spin off of excess resist.

Abstract: A poorly soluble medicament is incorporated into particles of a crosslinked polymer which is swellable in water but insoluble in water, and the product obtained is brought into contact with a solvent able to swell the polymer. The product obtained by this treatment, and after being dried under vacuum, has a medicament dissolving rate which is considerably higher than that of the pure medicament.

Abstract: The reversible thermal recording medium of the invention is composed by forming on a substrate a porous reversible thermal recording layer which reversibly shows transparent states and opaque states by cooling after two modes of heating, by means of organic crystal particles dispersed in matrix polymer. One method for manufacturing a reversible thermal recording medium of the invention includes a coating step for applying a paint in which a matrix polymer, organic crystal particles and pore forming particles are contained and at least one of matrix polymer and organic crystal particles is dispersed in a granular form on a substrate to form a coating layer; plus a solvent contact step of eluting the pore forming particles by causing the coating layer to come into contact with a solvent in which the pore forming particles are soluble; and a drying step.

Abstract: The invention is to a non-woven fabric sheet for a storage battery separator. The sheet has an excellent property of holding electrolyte by using conjugate fibers having a specific sectional form. The sheet comprises an ethylene copolymer having a specific structure which can introduce a desirable amount of sulfo groups efficiently under mild reaction condtions. Conjugate fibers having a split sectional form include a first component and a second component having a radial arrangement. The conjugate fibers are obtained by forming an ethylene based random copolymer containing a unit represented by a formula --CH.sub.2 CH(COOH)--, with polypropylene. Subsequently, a non-woven fabric sheet of a thermally bonding type is obtained by mixing the conjugate fibers with polypropoylene fibers. Subsequently, a non-woven fabric sheet for a storage battery separator is obtained by sulfonating the non-woven fabric sheet using gas such as SO.sub.3 to form a unit of the formula --CH.sub.2 C(SO.sub.3 H)(COOH)--.

Abstract: A method for forming a wrinkle-free insulating layer from a resin having both photo-curing and thermosetting properties by reducing the magnitude of a concentration gradient of residual solvent in the thickness direction of the resin layer after drying the resin layer and prior to photo-curing, developing and thermosetting the resin layer. In one embodiment, such reduction is achieved by passing a substrate bearing the resin layer by a roll coater charged with a solvent for the resin, and allowing solvent to be absorbed by the resin layer. The solvent application roll can be spaced from the resin layer by a small gap such that solvent vapor is applied to the resin layer. Alternatively, solvent in liquid form can be applied to the resin layer. In another embodiment, the concentration gradient of residual solvent in the resin layer is reduced by affixing a barrier film to the resin layer and then heating the resin layer.

Abstract: An improvement is proposed in the method for the preparation of a frame-supported pellicle involving a step in which a resin film for the pellicle membrane formed on the surface of a substrate plate by the solution casting method is adhesively bonded to a rigid pellicle frame and then the substrate plate is removed by separating from the resin film by pulling the substrate and the frame apart in a gaseous atmosphere of which the relative humidity is 80% or higher in contrast to the conventional procedures in which this step is conducted either in water or in a gaseous atmosphere of an air-conditioned clean room having a relative humidity never exceeding 60%. By virtue of this unique procedure, an outstandingly small number of dust particles are deposited on the pellicle membrane obtained by the removal of the substrate therefrom along with an advantage of very smooth and easy removal of the substrate not to cause slack or rupture of the membrane.

Abstract: Properties of cured autodeposited coatings are improved by contacting the uncured form of the autodeposited coating with an alkaline material, for example, with an aqueous solution of ammonium bicarbonate, or a hydroxide of an alkali metal or ammonia.

Abstract: A slide-bead coating technique utilizes an inclined slide surface terminating at a coating lip. A continuous liquid layer is supplied to the slide surface from a supply source so as to form a liquid bridge between the coating lip and a substrate disposed adjacent the coating lip. The substrate is conveyed past the lip and continuously depletes liquid from the liquid bridge onto the substrate. The technique includes supplying an air flow that impinges upon an upper surface of the liquid layer opposite the slide surface between the liquid supply source and the coating lip.

Abstract: A spin coating method includes the steps of applying a coating material on the surface of a substrate, rotating the substrate about a first axis, and revolving the substrate about a second axis while tilting the substrate towards the second axis. The rotating step spreads the coating material over the surface of the substrate, and the step of revolving while tilting the substrate smoothens the surface of the coating material. At least the rotating step may be performed in an atmosphere containing a solvent vapor. A spin coating apparatus includes a nozzle for applying a coating material to the surface of a substrate, a chuck for rotating the substrate about a first axis, a support arm for revolving the substrate about a second axis, and a tilting mechanism for tilting the surface of the substrate towards the center of the second axis while the substrate is revolving.

Abstract: An apparatus for fusing a polymer powder deposited on a surface of a faceplate panel of a cathode-ray tube comprises a housing having a faceplate support surface and enclosing a chamber. A shutter adjacent to the panel support surface separates the faceplate panel from the chamber. A reservoir for holding a solvent is within the chamber and at least one piezoelectric transducer communicates with the reservoir for atomizing the solvent to create a fog. A fan within the chamber distributes the fog onto the polymer powder. A method for fusing the polymer powder onto the faceplate panel also is described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an insulating coating material for an electronic circuit board, an insulating coating layer for an electronic circuit board, and a method for forming such insulating coating layer, and the insulating coating material is a solution comprising a thermoplastic resin and a solvent containing a low boiling solvent, which solution can be prevented from dropping after its application onto the electronic circuit board, and the insulating coating layer is formed using the coating material on the surface of the electronic circuit board having edge portions thereon so that the coating thickness at the edge portions and that at the other portion than the edge portions are almost equal to each other, further, the method for forming such insulating coating layer is characterized by forming the coating layer using the above insulating coating material according to a spray method or a dipping method.

Abstract: Information is magnetically recorded in and reproduced from a magnetic disk using a flying magnetic head. The disk is a coating type disk comprising a rigid substrate having a magnetic layer coated thereont from a magnetic coating composition of ferromagnetic submicron particles in a binder. High density recording is possible when the substrate has a surface roughness Ra of up to 0.007 .mu.m, the magnetic layer has a thickness of up to 0.5 .mu.m, a surface roughness Ra of up to 0.005 .mu.m, and a porosity of 4 to 45%.

Abstract: Process for the storage of information in an organic recording layer which, as the result of local treatment of its surface with an organic solvent in accordance with the shape of the information to be marked can alter its absorption spectrum and/or its photoconductivity in such a way that information is produced and stored respectively at the treated areas of this layer. The information thus stored can be read off visually, by means of a micro-reader or by means of an incorporated electrode system.

Abstract: A method of using vaporized solvent to fuse a thermal image includes containment of the solvent vapor.

Abstract: A method for forming a ceramic film comprises the steps of boiling a solution containing ceramics, dipping a base material into the solution, taking the base material out of the solution and drying the base material taken out of the solution in the presence of vapor of said boiling solution. The solution is a solution, in which ceramics is dispersed or dissolved. The solution is a solution, in which a precursor of ceramics is dispersed or dissolved.

Abstract: Ultraviolet curable compositions useful for coating electrical devices are formed from an epoxy functional compound, a silanol functional compound, and a cationic photoinitiator. Ultraviolet radiation curable composition formed from an epoxy resin, a silanol functional compound, a carbonol functional polyether polysiloxane, and a cationic photoinitiator are useful as coatings.

Abstract: A two-part system and method for increasing the reflex-reflectivity of a substrate is disclosed wherein a first aerosol dispensing means containing a first coating composition capable of forming a base coating on a substrate and a second aerosol dispensing means containing a second coating composition capable of imparting reflex-reflectivity to the base coating is employed. The first coating composition comprises a binder resin and a solvent in which the binder resin is dissolved and the second coating composition contains transparent microspheres having a particle size from about 45 to about 90 microns and a carrier in which the transparent microspheres are dispersible. The substrate is coated first with the first coating composition via aerosol means to form a base coating which is subsequently coated with the second coating to impart reflex-reflectivity to the base coating.

Abstract: A process for depositing a lubricating coating on the silicon oxide protective layer of a magnetic disk, wherein after having cleaned the disk, the sequence for coating the surface of the disk includes the steps of: setting the magnetic disk into rotation; spraying onto the protective layer of the disk, in the direction of rotation, a lubricant containing carrier gases, solvents, and active oxyhydrocarbon monomeric elements that are polymerized and then adsorbed to the protective layer; spraying a solvent on the disk in the direction of rotation; and wiping the disk. The invention is applicable to a variety of disk structures, including magnetooptical disks.

Abstract: In the finishing of leather by spray application in an electrostatic field it is possible to use highly concentrated solutions if these solutions are sprayed into a solvent atmosphere in the presence of inert gases. The finishing process utilizes a solvent atmosphere which has a solvent content of 15-90% of the saturation concentration and a residual oxygen content of less than 10% by volume. The finishes contained are immediately stackable. By working with concentrated solutions it is possible to recycle the solvent from the waste air in an economically acceptable manner.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium comprising a substrate and, formed thereon, a magnetic layer comprised of magnetic particles bonded to each other with a thermosetting binder can be improved with respect to the durability by forming a number of fine pores in the magnetic layer and impregnating the fine pores with a lubricant. Particularly, when the fine pores have a diameter of 0.2 .mu.m or less and a rate of the fine pore in area of 3 to 30%, the durability can be improved while maintaining the noise during the recording and reproduction of information on a low level. In preparing the magnetic recording medium having such fine pores, it is preferred that an easily thermal-decomposable additive, such as polyalkylene oxide, be added to a magnetic layer forming paint.

Abstract: Coatings are cured by simultaneous exposure to radiant energy and condensing inert perfluorochemical vapors.

Abstract: A method is disclosed which concerns the treatment for imparting dirtproofness to a plastic lens provided in advance on the surface thereof with an antireflection film formed by vacuum evaporation of an inorganic substance. This method forms a dirtproofing film on the antireflection film by mixing a polyfluoroalkyl silane-containing coating liquid and trichlorotrifluoroethane and boiling the resultant mixture, dip coating the plastic lens in the boiled mixture, then treating the dip coated plastic lens with the vapor of fluoroethane, subsequently drying the wet plastic lens with hot air, and optionally immersing the dried plastic lens in water.

Abstract: The method of electrophotographically manufacturing a luminescent screen assembly on a substrate of a CRT, according to the present invention, includes the steps of coating the substrate with a conductive layer and overcoating the conductive layer with a photoconductive layer, establishing an electrostatic charge on the photoconductive layer, and exposing selected areas of the photoconductive layer to visible light to affect the charge thereon. Then, the selected areas of the photoconductive layer are developed with triboelectrically charged, dry-powdered, surface-treated screen structure materials. The improved process increases the adherence of the surface-treated materials to the photoconductive layer by contacting the surface-treated materials with a solvent to render the photoconductive layer and the materials tacky.

Abstract: Controlledly microporous shaped articles adopted for use, e.g., as electrodes and diaphragms, are produced by consolidating a fibrous matrix with a latex binder material, notably by deposition onto a rigid perforate substrate, the lattice network of said binder material comprising a silica-based derivative, e.g., a precipitated or pyrogenic silica.

Abstract: A photosensitive film on a glass surface is prepared by: dispensing a quantity of aqueous emulsion containing the film constituents on the surface, distributing the emulsion as a layer over the surface, leveling the distributed layer and then drying the layer. To burst any bubbles that form during distribution, and to remove residual effects of the bubbles, a mist of a surface-tension-reducing liquid, such as methyl alcohol, is contacted with the distributed layer during leveling.

Abstract: A method for improving the abrasion resistance of the (cobalt) recording layer of a video tape which comprises applying a (strong) hydrogen peroxide solution to the surface and quickly removing the solution prior to the onset of disintegration of the recording layer.

Abstract: An aqueous coating solution is sprayed into the interior of the reactor. After the aqueous coating solution has been sprayed, steam is injected and condensed within the reactor. Upon polymerizing a vinyl chloride-base monomer composition in the reactor after having been treated, the formation of deposits of polymer on the internal surfaces of the reactor is substantially reduced and even suppressed.

Abstract: Method for cleaning material from the outer edge of an object by applying a solvent for the material to a flat surface adjacent the edge and moving the solvent onto the edge by centrifugal force.

Abstract: A process for curing a coating of plastisol or organosol on a hollow massive object by maintaining sufficient concentration of latent solvent in and near the coating to permit coalescence of the coating at temperatures above the boiling point of the latent solvent. Internal heating of the object is used.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting oxidation of copper electrodes of a ceramic capacitor, comprising the step of subjecting copper films formed by an electroless plating process or the like and serving as opposed electrodes of a ceramic capacitor to a hydrocarbon halide compound including trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, freon, chlorobenzene, methyl chloride, methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, or the like.

Abstract: A maskless process is disclosed for applying a patterned solder mask coating to a circuit board (31). In accordance with the process, there is applied to the surface (30) of the circuit board an uncured material (32) having a cure reaction which is susceptible to inhibition by the presence of oxygen. The surface of the circuit board is covered with the material to a first predetermined thickness. This first predetermined thickness of material on land areas (34) surrounding holes (36) in the circuit board is diminished to a second predetermined thickness by allowing a portion of the material on the land areas to flow into the holes. The uncured material is exposed to a first energy source which delivers a quantity of energy such that a surface layer (38) having the second predetermined thickness has its cure reaction substantially inhibited due to the presence of oxygen.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a method and apparatus for providing a uniform coating on objects such as a lens. A bath of coating solution is provided and the object to be coated is immersed into the solution. The object is then removed into an atmosphere substantially saturated with the coating solution. The object is maintained in the substantially saturated atmosphere for a predetermined time to allow excess coating material to disperse and flow off the surface of the object. The object is then withdrawn from the saturated atmosphere and dried in the conventional manner. The maintenance of the object within the substantially saturated atmosphere for the predetermined time eliminates the formation of puddles and drip lines.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display panel in which a plastic film provided with a transparent conductive film is used as a panel substrate, the liquid crystal display panel having an orientation treated film mainly of a saturated polyester or a low melting point copolymerized nylon, and a process for its production.This invention enables the use of a transparent plastic film as a substrate for a liquid crystal display panel, thereby permitting inexpensive mass production of high quality liquid crystal display panels.

Abstract: Particulate cellulose insulation material is rendered fire retardant by a wet process requiring considerably less fire retardant composition than normally employed in the usual dry processes or in wet processes proposed heretofore, and yielding a product with significantly enhanced insulating properties. Impregnation of a cellulosic insulating material, such as waste paper in finely divided form, with an aqueous solution of a non-hygroscopic fire retardant composition, such as boric acid, a borate, or the composition of U.S. Pat. No. 3,983,040, is carried out under conditions whereby a minimum amount of water is first utilized for the purpose of dissolving the fire retardant composition and to serve as a carrier in distributing it throughout the cellulosic insulating material. For example, only from about 14 to 45% by weight of add-on water is utilized in the presence of from about 5 to 10% by weight of the fire retardant composition and preferably in the presence of a surfactant.

Abstract: An apparatus for drying tire cord fabric dipped in a liquid coating containing a vaporizable solvent. The drying chamber of the apparatus includes a boiling sump for filling the chamber with solvent vapor, and a plurality of vertically elongated plenums mounted in side-by-side relation, each plenum having a number of horizontally elongated nozzles in vertically spaced relation. The tire cord fabric is passed adjacent the nozzles and super-heated solvent vapor is forced through the nozzles against the moving fabric to flash off or vaporize the solvent carried by the fabric, thereby drying the fabric.

Abstract: A method of intensifying or amplifying an image substrate obtained by imagewise release or transfer of a microcapsular substance which is liquid at room temperature, unaltered in state, by a pigment developer, and fixing the image.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating articles with a solvent, a solvent-containing liquid such as a lacquer, or with solvent vapors, comprises an open treating vessel provided with a device for raising and lowering the articles in the vessel and a heating unit at the bottom of the vessel for heating solvent therein. Around the wall of the vessel, above the bottom thereof, cooling tubes are provided which are connected to the cold branch of a heat pump so as to condense solvent vapors which can collect in a trough below these tubes and can be returned to a compartment of the vessel adjacent the treating compartment. The hot branch of the heat pump is connected via a heat exchanger to a water boiler and heat storage tank and the heater is connected to this boiler by a pump controlled by a control device responsive to the raising and lowering of the articles.

Abstract: A method of coating a thin layer of a liquid material on a substrate, in which the substrate is placed in an atmosphere saturated with the vapor of a solvent for the coating material, liquid coating material is deposited on the substrate, and then the substrate is spun to disperse the coating material into a thin film while causing the excess to run off. The vaporous solvent atmosphere is maintaind while the coating and run-off are completed. Then the substrate is isolated from the source of the solvent vapor and is heated in order to dry the coating.Apparatus for carrying out this method includes a coating chamber, a carrier adapted to receive and support the substrate, a turntable within the coating chamber for rotating the substrate carrier, and means in the coating chamber for generating the vaporous atmosphere.

Abstract: A method of applying water-base paint in which a solvent which increases the viscosity of water-base paint is sprayed on the article to be painted before or after the application of the water-base paint, or at the same time as its application, or a paint compounded with a solvent which increases the viscosity of the water-base paint is sprayed on the article before or after the application of the water-base paint or at the same time that it is applied.

Abstract: In a process wherein an organic coating is formed on a metallic surface by immersing the surface in an acidic aqueous coating composition containing dispersed particles of an organic coating-forming material, wherein said composition forms on said surface an organic coating which increases in thickness the longer the surface is immersed in the composition and wherein the coating on said surface tends to crack, the improvement comprising maintaining a non-oxidizing atmosphere surrounding the metallic surface from the time it is removed from the coating composition until the coated metallic surface is heated to fuse the coating.

Abstract: A fixing device in a printing or copying means which fixes a toner applied to a data-carrier, i.e., a paper web, via a solvent comprising an azeotropic mixture, such as one consisting of 50.5 weight % of C.sub.2 Cl.sub.3 F.sub.3 and 49.5 weight % of CH.sub.2 Cl.sub.2.

Abstract: A fluid medium is used in a process for polishing all surfaces of plastic components made of a material which is insoluble or inert within that fluid medium unless subjected to a temperature at which the insoluble plastic would deform. The process, which is particularly suitable for polishing the internal surfaces of tubing components for medical equipment, includes applying a vaporized solvent at an elevated pressure to liquify or melt the insoluble plastic component surfaces without deforming the component, followed by solidifying or freezing the surfaces by removing the component from the presence of the vapors.

Abstract: A process for applying a volatile liquid maskant to an article to be subjected to chemical milling includes the steps:(a) providing a controlled temperature bath of said volatile maskant characterized as fast drying, and also providing a vapor blanket overlying the bath,(b) placing the article into position above the level of the bath and blanket, and adjusting the temperature of the article in relation to the bath temperature,(c) lowering the article through the blanket into the bath, and withdrawing the article upwardly from the bath and through the blanket at a controlled rate characterized in that the maskant coats the article to controlled coat thickness, and also in that the bath remains substantially free of return drainage of maskant off the withdrawn article,(d) and, following said upward withdrawal, flowing a gas stream into contact with the maskant coat while the article remains above the level of the bath to assist in rapid drying of the maskant.

Abstract: A method of coating which involves applying to a surface a dispersion containing a main bonding agent and a temporary bonding agent. The main bonding agent is not film forming at room temperature. Next the continuous phase of the dispersion is permitted to evaporate or is driven off, followed by precipitation of the main bonding agent and the temporary bonding agent to form a porous powder layer on the surface. The temporary bonding agent bonds the main bonding agent to the surface. The porous layer is then exposed to a solvent which causes the particles of the bonding agents to flow together, and any excess solvent is removed.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for applying a high volatility liquid to a moving web to form a coating on the web. The coating liquid is applied to the web through an extrusion-type or slide-type hopper covered by a hood which collects evaporated gas from the applied solvent at a region at which a solid-, liquid-, and gas-phase interface of the coating liquid is formed. The collected gas is utilized to suppress further gas evaporation from the three-phase interface thereby preventing the formation of stripe-like defects due to undesirable solidification of the forming liquid.

Abstract: A method of jet ink printing to produce opaque images including jet ink printing a surface with a nonaqueous jet ink composition, and subsequently contacting the surface with a resin opacifying solvent before the ink composition has dried, to separate the solvent in the ink composition from the solids therein and render the image opaque. The surface which is to be printed on may be wetted with a resin opacifying solvent before printing or may be dry.