Abstract: A method is disclosed for enhancing the corrosion resistance of a surface of a copper or copper alloy substrate. The method comprises depositing a metallic surface layer comprising a precious metal on a surface of the copper or copper alloy substrate by immersion displacement plating and exposing the electronic device to an aqueous composition comprising a first organic molecule comprising at least one functional group that interacts with and protects precious metal surfaces and a second organic molecule comprising at least one functional group that interacts with and protects copper surfaces.

Abstract: A method for making a device housing includes the steps of: providing a substrate; forming a base paint layer on the substrate by spraying; sensitizing a surface of the base paint layer; activating the surface of the base paint layer; providing a first water solution and a second water solution, the first water solution containing silver nitrate and ammonia water, the second water solution containing potassium sodium tartrate and sodium hydroxide; forming a silver layer on the sensitized and activated surface of the base paint layer by simultaneously spraying the first water solution and the second water solution on the sensitized and activated surface of the base paint layer; and forming a protective layer on the silver layer.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to methods, medical profiles, kits and apparatus for use in determining the risk that a pregnant individual has for developing pre-eclampsia based on amounts of certain biochemical markers in a biological sample from the individual and biophysical markers. The disclosure also relates to methods, medical profiles, kits and apparatus for use in determining the risk that a pregnant individual is carrying a fetus having a chromosomal abnormality based on amounts of certain biochemical markers in a biological sample from the individual and biophysical markers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to combinations of biomarkers and levels thereof that may be used, for example, in the determination of risk associated with the occurrence of a major adverse cardiac event (MACE) in a patient.

Abstract: A method of forming a porous composite material in which substantially all of the pores within the composite material are small having a diameter of about 5 nm or less and with a narrow PSD is provided.

Abstract: A method of forming a cured coating composition on an automobile component is provided. The method utilizes a coating compound including a radical polymerizable compound and an organoborane initiator and includes the step of applying the coating composition to the automobile component. The organoborane initiator is complexed with a bi-functional noncyclic blocking agent that has a carbon backbone and two organoborane complexing moieties. The two moieties are different from each other and are selected from the group of an amine moiety, a thiol moiety, and a phosphine moiety. In addition, the two moieties are separated from each other by two to four carbon atoms to increase the nucleophilicity of the blocking agent towards the organoborane initiator. The organoborane initiator is decomplexed from the blocking agent thereby forming a radical that is used to polymerize the radical polymerizable compound and cure the coating composition on the automobile component.

Abstract: A method of dissociating an organoborane-amine complex in a coating composition is provided. The method includes the step of introducing the organoborane-amine complex, the radical polymerizable compound, and optionally an amine, onto a substrate to form the coating composition. The method also includes the step of introducing carbon dioxide into the coating composition in a molar ratio of at least 1:1 of the carbon dioxide to free amine groups present in the coating composition. More specifically, a carbamic zwitterion is formed in-situ from reaction of the carbon dioxide and the free amine groups. The formation of the carbamic zwitterion leads to dissociation of the organoborane-amine complex and formation of a radical. The radical is then used to polymerize the radical polymerizable compound.

Abstract: The present invention can easily provide a method of manufacturing a pattern electrode with excellent electroconductivity and excellent transparency and a pattern electrode manufactured according to the method. The method of manufacturing a pattern electrode is characterized in that it comprises the steps of forming on a substrate an electroconductive layer containing metal nanowires, and carrying out pattern printing on the electroconductive layer employing a metal nanowire removing solution, followed by washing with water.

Abstract: An underlayer is formed to cover the upper surface of a substrate and a guide pattern is formed on the underlayer. A DSA film constituted by two types of polymers is formed in a region on the underlayer where the guide pattern is not formed. Thermal processing is performed while a solvent is supplied to the DSA film on the substrate. Thus, a microphase separation of the DSA film occurs. As a result, patterns made of the one polymer and patterns made of another polymer are formed. Exposure processing and development processing are performed in this order on the DSA film after the microphase separation such that the patterns made of another polymer are removed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for modification of a biocompatible component comprising the steps of a) providing a biocompatible component at least partly covered by metallic oxide; and b) treating at least a part of said component, which part is covered by said metallic oxide, with an aqueous composition comprising oxalic acid; whereby a modified metallic oxide is obtained. The invention also relates to a biocompatible component comprising a substrate having a surface comprising a) a microstructure comprising pits separated by plateus and/or ridges; and b) a primary nanostructure being superimposed on said microstructure, said primary nanostructure comprising depressions arranged in a wave-like formation.

Abstract: A liquid processing apparatus processes an object to be processed W including a body part Wi and a plurality of projecting-shape parts Wm disposed on the body part Wi, with an inorganic film and a different film being laminated to each other. The liquid processing apparatus comprises: a support part 50 configured to support the body part Wi; a hydrophobic-liquid supply mechanism 30 configured to supply a hydrophobic liquid to the object to be processed W; and a rinse-liquid supply part 22 configured to supply a rinse liquid to the object to be processed W to which the hydrophobic liquid has been supplied. The hydrophobic-liquid supply mechanism 30 includes: a first hydrophobic-liquid supply part 32 configured to supply a first hydrophobic liquid for making hydrophobic the inorganic film; and a second hydrophobic-liquid supply part 37 configured to supply a second hydrophobic liquid for making hydrophobic the different film.

Abstract: A coating device includes a coating mechanism which includes nozzles for ejecting a liquid material onto front and rear surfaces of a substrate while rotating the substrate; and an adjusting mechanism which adjusts the coating state of the liquid material at the outer periphery of the substrate; wherein the adjusting mechanism includes a dip portion which dips the outer periphery of the substrate in a solution while rotating the substrate and dissolves; and a suction portion which suctions the vicinity of the outer periphery of the substrate after dipping in the solution.

Abstract: This invention relates to a dipping solution used in a process for producing a siliceous film. The present invention provides a dipping solution and a siliceous film-production process employing the solution. The dipping solution enables to form a homogeneous siliceous film even in concave portions of a substrate having concave portions and convex portions. The substrate is coated with a polysilazane composition, and then dipped in the solution before fire. The dipping solution comprises hydrogen peroxide, a foam-deposit inhibitor, and a solvent.

Abstract: A method of reducing residual defect on a dielectric surface includes performing a treatment process of the dielectric surface prior to a lithograph process. The treatment process includes at least a first wet chemical treatment step and a second wet chemical treatment step.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide a method capable of forming an insulating film suffering less from both shrinkage and stress. [Means for solving] A method for forming a silicon dioxide film, comprising the steps of: coating a substrate with a polysilazane composition to form a coat, and then heating the formed coat in a hydrogen peroxide atmosphere at 50 to 200° C. This method enables to form isolation structures such as various insulating films.

Abstract: A gas separation membrane including a porous layered support; and a gas separating active layer which is disposed on the porous layered support and includes a functionalized graphene.

Abstract: Wood is treated with at least one photocatalytically degradable organic substance, organic compound or at least one biocide to reduce the contamination by organic substances, organic compounds and/or biocides from wood or wood-base materials into the immediate surroundings, in particular in closed spaces. The wood treatment agent contains at least one photocatalyst which brings about the degradation of the at least one organic substance, organic compound and/or the at least one biocide. The application/introduction of the at least one photocatalyst to or into the wood can take place together with or after the introduction of the wood preservation agent.

Abstract: A method for forming an anti-reflection coating of alkali-treated silica aerogel on a substrate, comprising the steps of hydrolyzing and polymerizing alkoxysilane in the presence of a base catalyst to prepare an alkaline sol, adding an acid catalyst to the alkaline sol to carry out further hydrolysis and polymerization to prepare a first acidic sol, hydrolyzing and polymerizing alkoxysilane in the presence of an acid catalyst to prepare a second acidic sol, mixing the first and second acidic sols, applying the resultant mixed sol to the substrate, drying it, and treating the resultant silica aerogel coating with an alkali.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for treating textile material to confer flame retardant properties, the method comprising the steps of impregnating the material with an aqueous solution of a treatment agent which is a poly(hydroxyorgano)phosphonium compound; drying the impregnated material; curing the dried impregnated material with ammonia to produce a cured, water-insoluble polymer which is mechanically fixed within the fibers of the material; oxidizing the cured polymer to convert trivalent phosphorus to pentavalent phosphorus; and washing and drying the material; wherein one or both of steps (d) and (e) result in the co-production of an aqueous effluent; and wherein the conditions are controlled such that the atomic ratio of N:P present on the material increases during step (c) by 0.8 or more.

Abstract: Carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays are attractive thermal interface materials with high compliance and conductance that can remain effective over a wide temperature range. Disclosed herein are CNT interface structures in which free CNT ends are bonded using palladium hexadecanethiolate Pd(SC16H35)2 to an opposing substrate (one-sided interface) or opposing CNT array (two-sided interface) to enhance contact conductance while maintaining a compliant joint. The palladium weld is mechanically stable at high temperatures. A transient photoacoustic (PA) method is used to measure the thermal resistance of the palladium bonded CNT interfaces. The interfaces were bonded at moderate pressures and then tested at 34 kPa using the PA technique. At an interface temperature of approximately 250° C., one-sided and two-sided palladium bonded interfaces achieved thermal resistances near 10 mm2 K/W and 5 mm2 K/W, respectively.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides immunoassays and kits for detection or quantification of an analyte of interest in a test sample that potentially contains endogenously produced autoantibodies reactive with the analyte.

Abstract: There is provided an electroless plating device including: a plating bath having a plating solution contained therein; a circulation unit connected to the plating bath and circulating the plating solution contained in the plating bath; an additive supply unit mounted on the circulation unit and supplying an additive for extracting carbonate included in the plating solution; and a filter unit mounted on the circulation unit and filtering the extracted carbonate through a reaction with the additive.

Abstract: A diagnostic method for determining the absence or presence of a disease is provided. The method includes assaying the amount and/or types of glycopeptides in a sample from a subject, and comparing these to the amount and types of reference glycopeptides. The method may include the use of a stable isotope label, affinity selection, immunoaffinity chromatography, and glycoproteomics techniques, to identify and quantify changes in glycosylated peptides or glycosylated proteins associated with cancers such as malignant lymphoma or breast cancer, to monitor patient's response to therapy, and to monitor disease recurrence.

Abstract: Methods for fabricating sub-lithographic, nanoscale microchannels utilizing an aqueous emulsion of an amphiphilic agent and a water-soluble, hydrogel-forming polymer, and films and devices formed from these methods are provided.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention use melamine-based resins as a pretreatment on fabrics and fabric blends in combination with phosphorus-based flame retardants to improve flame retardant performance, durability, and further promote char formation in a combustion zone of the fabric.

Abstract: A method of treating a material to improve flame retardancy, the method comprising applying to the material urea, phosphorous acid or a salt thereof, and a base comprising a monovalent metallic cation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for forming a golf ball. The method comprises mixing a polyisocyanate crosslinker with a base TPU cover material, wherein the polyisocyanate crossliker is aliphatic, miscible with the base TPU cover material and has functionalities greater than or equal to 2. The method further comprises dipping a golf ball in a catalyst solution, wherein the catalyst solution is allowed to absorb into a cover of the golf ball and heating the golf ball to allow continued diffusion of the catalyst solution into the cover of the golf ball.

Abstract: Densifying a multi-layer substrate includes providing a substrate with a first dielectric layer on a surface of the substrate. The first dielectric layer includes a multiplicity of pores. Water is introduced into the pores of the first dielectric layer to form a water-containing dielectric layer. A second dielectric layer is provided on the surface of the water-containing first dielectric layer. The first and second dielectric layers are annealed at temperature of 600° C. or less. In an example, the multi-layer substrate is a nanoimprint lithography template. The second dielectric layer may have a density and therefore an etch rate similar to that of thermal oxide, yet may still be porous enough to allow more rapid diffusion of helium than a thermal oxide layer.

Abstract: To provide an apparatus and method of curtain coating for applying onto a running web a coating solution from a lip top in the form of curtain to form a coating thereon, wherein a fluid is blown to remove excessive deposits of the coating solution that are formed at the edges in the width direction of the coating, and the deposits blown away by the fluid are ejected.

Abstract: A knife structure including a knife body having a cutting surface, a relief surface and a knife clamp surface. The cutting surface and the relief surface intersect at an apex region of the knife body. The knife clamp surface intersects with an end of the relief surface opposite an end of the relief surface that intersects with the cutting surface at the apex region. In one embodiment, the apex region is comprised of an alloy of a base material for the knife body and a boron containing compound. The thermally conductive plating is present on at least the knife clamp surface, the cutting surface and the release surface of the knife body. The thermally conductive plating is not present on the apex region.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for chemically grafting and attaching ceragenin molecules to polymer substrates; methods for synthesizing ceragenin-containing copolymers; methods for making ceragenin-modified water treatment membranes and spacers; and methods of treating contaminated water using ceragenin-modified treatment membranes and spacers. Ceragenins are synthetically produced antimicrobial peptide mimics that display broad-spectrum bactericidal activity. Alkene-functionalized ceragenins (e.g., acrylamide-functionalized ceragenins) can be attached to polyamide reverse osmosis membranes using amine-linking, amide-linking, UV-grafting, or silane-coating methods. In addition, silane-functionalized ceragenins can be directly attached to polymer surfaces that have free hydroxyls.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a plurality of nanostructures (101) on a substrate (102). The method comprises the steps of: depositing a bottom layer (103) on an upper surface of the substrate (102), the bottom layer (103) comprising grains having a first average grain size; depositing a catalyst layer (104) on an upper surface of the bottom layer (103), the catalyst layer (104) comprising grains having a second average grain size different from the first average grain size, thereby forming a stack of layers comprising the bottom layer (103) and the catalyst layer (104); heating the stack of layers to a temperature where nanostructures (101) can form; and providing a gas comprising a reactant such that the reactant comes into contact with the catalyst layer (104).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for a complex oxide film having a high relative dielectric constant formed on a substrate surface by wet-treatment method and a production process of the complex oxide film comprising a step of washing the complex oxide film with an acid solution of pH 5 or less to thereby reduce salts in the film. Further, the invention relates to a dielectric material and a piezoelectric material containing the complex oxide film, a capacitor and a piezoelectric element including the material, and a electronic device comprising the element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the technical field of treated mineral filler products. The invention further relates to a process for preparing such treated mineral filler products, and to its preferred use in the field of plastic applications, and in particular polypropylene (PP)- or polyethylene (PE)-based breathable or extrusion coating film applications.

Abstract: A method for rendering a substrate hydrophobic includes treating the substrate with an acyloxysilane. The treatment includes impregnating the substrate with an acyloxysilane and thereafter curing (hydrolyzing and condensing the acyloxysilane) to form a silicone resin. The method is particularly useful for rendering paper hydrophobic.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method for manufacturing a thin layer chromatography (“TLC”) plate is disclosed. The method includes forming a layer of elongated nanostructures (e.g., carbon nanotubes), priming the elongated nanostructures with one or more adhesion priming layers, and at least partially coating the elongated nanostructures with a coating. The coating includes a stationary phase and/or precursor of a stationary phase for use in chromatography. The stationary phase may be functionalized with hydroxyl groups by exposure to a base or acid. The stationary phase may further be treated with a silane (e.g., an amino silane) to improve the performance of the TLC plate. Embodiments for TLC plates and related methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: A deposition chamber shield having a stainless steel coating of from about 100 microns to about 250 microns thick wherein the coated shield has a surface roughness of between about 300 microinches and about 800 microinches and a surface particle density of less than about 0.1 particles/mm2 of particles between about 1 micron and about 5 microns in size and no particles below about 1 micron in size, and process for production thereof is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to combinations of biomarkers and levels thereof that may be used, for example, in the determination of risk associated with the occurrence of a major adverse cardiac event (MACE) in a patient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of immunology and hyperproliferative diseases. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of detecting and monitoring therapeutic antibody:antigen complex, soluble antigen and soluble therapeutic antibody, wherein a patient has undergone at least one course of immunotherapy. Yet further, levels of therapeutic antibody:antigen complexes, soluble antigens or soluble therapeutic antibodies may be measured and used to stage or monitor a hyperproliferative disease.

Abstract: Novel acrylamide and methacrylamide hydantoin monomers which can be reacted with other acrylamide, methacrylamide, acrylate, and methacrylate monomers to form copolymers, which upon halogenation, provide oxidative coatings which are biocidal for use with various materials including, but not limited to, textiles, filters, and latex paints.

Abstract: Discloses herein is a method of forming a low-k layer. The method includes the following steps. Tetraalkoxysilane, ethanol, tetraalkylammonium hydroxide and water are mixed in a molar ratio between 1:0.1:0.1:5 and 1:10:0.5:36 to form a first mixture. The first mixture is heated for a period of less than about 36 hours to form a second mixture containing a plurality of non-crystalline silicon-containing particles, wherein each of the non-crystalline silicon-containing particles has a particle size of smaller than about 10 nm. Subsequently, a surfactant is added to the second mixture to form a colloid solution, in which the surfactant has a concentration of about 1-20% by weight of the colloid solution. The colloid solution is coated on a substrate and thereby forming a colloid layer thereon. Then, the colloid layer is heated at a condition sufficient to transform the colloid layer into the low-k layer.

Abstract: A complex oxide film is provided having a high relative dielectric constant and capacitance having low temperature-dependency. The film thickness can be arbitrarily controlled. A manufacturing method thereof, a composite body comprising the complex oxide film and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The complex oxide film containing titanium element and calcium element can be obtained by forming a metal oxide film containing titanium element on a substrate surface and then allowing a solution containing calcium ion to react with the metal oxide layer. A capacitor including the complex oxide film as dielectric material and a piezoelectric element including it as piezoelectric material can be produced.

Abstract: The invention aims at providing a complex oxide film having a high relative dielectric constant and a high voltage resistance, whose film thickness can be arbitrarily controlled, and a manufacturing method thereof, a composite body comprising the complex oxide film and a manufacturing method thereof, a dielectric or piezoelectric material comprising the complex oxide film or composite body, a capacitor or piezoelectric element comprising the complex oxide film advantageous to improve voltage resistance, and an electronic device equipped with the same, without involving any complicated or large scale equipment. The complex oxide film can be obtained by forming a metal oxide film containing a titanium element on a substrate surface and then allowing a solution containing strontium ion to react with the metal oxide film. A capacitor including the complex oxide film as dielectric material and a piezoelectric element including it as piezoelectric material can be produced.

Abstract: A method is provided for forming a coating layer on a surface, wherein the coating composition includes at least two reactive components. At least one of the components is encapsulated in a plurality of microspheres, which are then mixed with the second component in a single chamber of a container. The mixture is sprayed from the chamber through a single spray nozzle onto the surface. Then, the microspheres degrade to release the first component and allow the first and second components to react with one another, thereby forming the coating layer on the surface.

Abstract: Molecular adsorption to the microfluidic device surfaces can be passively and actively mitigated by mixing certain hydrophilic polymers (organic polymers with repeating hydrophilic groups—the preferred polymers being amphipathic surfactants—with the sample liquid during or prior to relevant microfluidic operations. Nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate and polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether are especially effective. High molecular weight polyethylene polymers are also effective. The hydrophilic polymers appear to prevent binding of the fouling molecules to the microfluidic by occupying the surface sites in place of the fouling molecules or by interacting with the fouling molecules to prevent binding of the fouling molecules the surface. When surface adsorption is thus mitigated, microfluidic devices can readily handle samples containing biomolecules to enable active sample concentration, filtering, washing, transport, mixing and other sample handling operations.

Abstract: A process for depositing a layer on at least part of the surface of a substrate by at least partially submerging the substrate in a solution comprising a solvent and at least one compound intended to form the layer, then drying the substrate, this drying being at least partially carried out in an atmosphere that is isolated from the solution. The submersion in the solution and the drying of the substrate are carried out in the same controlled-atmosphere enclosure.

Abstract: A method for making a sulfur-graphene composite material is provided. In the method, an elemental sulfur solution and a graphene dispersion are provided. The elemental sulfur solution includes a first solvent and an elemental sulfur dissolved in the first solvent. The graphene dispersion includes a second solvent and graphene sheets dispersed in the second solvent. The elemental sulfur solution is added to the graphene dispersion, a number of elemental sulfur particles are precipitated and attracted to a surface of the graphene sheets to form the sulfur-graphene composite material. The sulfur-graphene composite material is separated from the mixture.

Abstract: A continuous galvanizing line uses a coating pot containing a molten zinc bath having bottom dross and further comprises a pump. The pump agitates the bottom dross so the bottom dross interacts with aluminum and converts to top dross, which can be removed without needing to stop the galvanizing line. A reaction vessel may also be used to provide a higher concentration of aluminum to react with the bottom dross.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for depositing metallic layers from acidic or alkaline zinc or zinc alloy baths containing organic additives selected from brighteners, surfactants and complexing agents, a soluble zinc salt and optionally further metal salts selected from Fe, Ni, Co, Sn salts, wherein the bath can be purified continuously so that the process can be operated without interruption, as well as apparatus for carrying out this process.

Abstract: The invention is to provide a leather-like sheet having a fine image drawn by an inkjet printing method, etc., on its surface and having practically sufficient physical properties. This invention includes a leather-like sheet including (i) a fibrous substrate and (ii) a porous layer thereon, the porous layer having a surface having open pores with a diameter of 1 ?m or more and the porous layer having the surface having an image whose definition is 5 dots/mm or more, and a process for the production thereof.