Abstract: A polymeric linking agent enables the manufacture of photovoltaic cells on flexible substrates, including, for example, polymeric substrates. Photovoltaic cells may be fabricated by a relatively simple continuous manufacturing process, for example, a roll-to-roll process, instead of a batch process.

Abstract: Process for protecting fiber-reinforced, carbon-containing composites whose matrix comprises, at least in the outer layer, silicon carbide (SiC) and also silicon (Si) and/or silicon alloys against oxidation, which comprises the steps a) impregnation of the composite with an aqueous, phosphate-containing solution, b) drying, c) heat treatment at a temperature which is at least sufficient to convert the dried solution into insoluble compounds which are suitable for forming a self-healing glass, wherein the composite is treated oxidatively to form silicon oxide (SiO2) either prior to step a), between steps a) and b) or during or after step b) and/or c).

Abstract: A metal-containing semiconductor layer having a high dielectric constant is formed with a method that avoids inclusion of contaminant elements that reduce dielectric constant of metals. The metal-containing semiconductor layer is formed overlying a substrate in a chamber. A precursor is introduced to deposit at least a portion of the metal-containing semiconductor layer. The precursor contains one or more elements that, if allowed to deposit in the metal-containing layer, would become impurity elements. A reactant gas is used to purify the metal-containing layer by removing impurity elements from the metal-containing layer which were introduced into the chamber by the precursor.

Abstract: A method for enhancing the solderability of a metallic surface is disclosed where the metallic surface is plated with an immersion silver plate prior to soldering, which immersion silver plate is treated with an additive selected from the group consisting of fatty amines, fatty amides, quaternary salts, amphateric salts, resinous amines, resinous amides, fatty acids, resinous acids, ethoxylated derivatives of any of the foregoing, and mixtures of any of the foregoing. The immersion silver deposits created are resistant to electromigration.

Abstract: An electronic device substrate, such as a semiconductor silicon wafer or a liquid crystal glass substrate, with a surface which has just undergone cleaning treatment and which is covered with a clean oxide or nitride film which will readily adsorb organic contaminants is treated with an aqueous solution containing choline, or alternatively a similar substrate which has not been cleaned is treated with a treatment solution comprising a SC-1 solution to which choline has been added. Following drying, a surface concentration of choline of between 5×1010 molecules˜7×1012 molecules/cm2 is adsorbed onto the substrate surface. This treatment suppresses organic contamination of the substrate from the atmosphere. As a result, the surface carbon concentration of an electronic device substrate can be suppressed to a value of no more than approximately 3×1013 atoms/cm2, even for manufacturing processes carried out in typical clean rooms with no chemical filters installed.

Abstract: A metal substrate is anodized in a phosphoric acid anodizing solution. The anodized metal substrate is thereafter contacted with a hexavalent chromium free, trivalent chromium containing acid solution to coat the anodized metal substrate. The coated anodized metal substrate can be adhesively bonded to another such treated metal substrate to form a composite article. The resulting article exhibits excellent bonding and corrosion properties.

Abstract: A method for applying a highly porous alumina material that is useful in the hot section of a jet aircraft engine. In order to apply the porous alumina, an aluminum-based metal/alumina material known in the art is first placed onto an aircraft engine component substrate. The aluminum-based metal is then dissolved using a solution that will not affect the alumina or the underlying substrate. The alumina is then washed with deionized water and dried. The aircraft engine component may be first masked by applying a non-porous metal oxide material to the component or by oxidizing the surface of the component. The resulting alumina has a porosity in the range of about 20% to about 45%. The alumina has globular interconnected surface features in the range of about 0.5 ?m to about 20 ?m.

Abstract: A method for forming a superhard polycrystalline diamond or diamond-like element with greatly improved resistance to thermal degradation without loss of impact strength. Collectively called PCD elements, these elements are formed with a binder-catalyzing material in a high-temperature, high-pressure process. The PCD element has a plurality of partially bonded diamond or diamond-like crystals forming at least one continuous diamond matrix, and the interstices among the diamond crystals forming at least one continuous interstitial matrix containing a catalyzing material. The element has a working surface and a body, where a portion of the interstitial matrix in the body adjacent to the working surface is substantially free of the catalyzing material to a depth from the working surface, the remaining interstitial matrix contains the catalyzing material, causing a 950 degrees C. temperature at the working surface to be less than 750 degrees C. at the depth.

Abstract: A method for forming a diffusion barrier layer of a semiconductor device by using an Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) is disclosed, which, in a method for forming a diffusion barrier layer on an entire surface of a semiconductor substrate before forming a metal pipe connected with the semiconductor substrate through a contact hole, the contact hole being formed to expose one region of the semiconductor substrate by selectively removing an insulating interlayer on the semiconductor substrate, the method includes the steps of forming Ti/TiN layers without being exposed to the air by alternately providing a precursor set by using an atomic layer deposition (ALD) and many kinds of reacting gases, performing a silane treatment on the TiN layer, and forming a Ti thin layer by the ALD.

Abstract: A method for producing a lead ferroelectric film having high relative dielectric constant and low dielectric loss by a hydrothermal process is disclosed. The method includes the step of hydrothermally forming a ferroelectric layer on a substrate, followed by the step of hydrothermally treating the resulting film in an aqueous solution having a pH of about 5 to 7.

Abstract: Griffin, Nigel, et al78.1081-1.3-29 Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a polycrystalline diamond or diamond-like element with greatly improved wear resistance without loss of impact strength. These elements are formed with a binder-catalyzing material in a high-temperature, high-pressure (HTHP) process. The PCD element has a body with a plurality of bonded diamond or diamond-like crystals forming a continuous diamond matrix that has a diamond volume density greater than 85%. Interstices among the diamond crystals form a continuous interstitial matrix containing a catalyzing material. The diamond matrix table is formed and integrally bonded with a metallic substrate containing the catalyzing material during the HTHP process. The diamond matrix body has a working surface, where a portion of the interstitial matrix in the body adjacent to the working surface is substantially free of the catalyzing material, and the remaining interstitial matrix contains the catalyzing material.

Abstract: A process for preparing a treated magnesium and/or magnesium alloy component comprising (A) treating the magnesium and/or magnesium alloy component with a surface treating agent containing a phosphate, (B) treating the component with a pre-treating agent used before a corrosion inhibition treatment, (C) treating the component, as required, with a cleaning agent containing surfactant and at least one compound selected from among aromatic carboxylic acids and salts thereof, and thereafter (D) treating the component further as required, with a corrosion inhibitor for magnesium.

Abstract: A xerogel aging system includes an aging chamber (190) with inlets and outlet and flows a gel catalyst in gas phase over a xerogel precursor film on a semiconductor wafer. Preferred embodiments use an ammonia and water vapor gas mixture catalyst.

Abstract: A porous, low-k dielectric film that has good mechanical properties as well as a method of fabricating the film and the use of the film as a dielectric layer between metal wiring features are provided. The porous, low-k dielectric film includes a first phase of monodispersed pores having a diameter of from about 1 to about 10 nm that are substantially uniformly spaced apart and are essentially located on sites of a three-dimensional periodic lattice; and a second phase which is solid surrounding the first phase. Specifically, the second phase of the film includes (i) an ordered element that is composed of nanoparticles having a diameter of from about 1 to about 10 nm that are substantially uniformly spaced apart and are essentially arranged on sites of a three-dimensional periodic lattice, and (ii) a disordered element comprised of a dielectric material having a dielectric constant of about 2.8 or less.

Abstract: A method for enhancing the solderability of a metallic surface is disclosed where the metallic surface is plated with an immersion or electroless silver plate prior to soldering, after which immersion silver plate is treated with an alkaline polymer coating comprising aqueous vinyl polymers, aqueous acrylic polymers, anti-fungal agents and a benzotriazole or benzimidazole compound to produce a deposit that is resistant to electromigration and that provides an anti-tarnish and anti-corrosion coating on the surface.

Abstract: A method of coating a substrate comprises the steps of: (a) providing a substrate in an enclosed vessel, the substrate having a surface portion; (b) at least partially filling the enclosed vessel with a first supercritical fluid so that said first supercritical fluid contacts the surface portion, with the first supercritical fluid carrying or containing a coating component; then (c) adding a separate compressed gas atmosphere to the reaction vessel so that a boundary is formed between the first supercritical fluid and the separate compressed gas atmosphere, said separate compressed gas atmosphere having a density less than said first supercritical fluid; and then (d) displacing said first supercritical fluid from said vessel by continuing adding said separate compressed gas atmosphere to said vessel so that said boundary moves across said surface portion and a thin film of coating component is deposited on said microelectronic substrate.

Abstract: The invention describes a low temperature method for producing multi-layered or multi-phased coatings. With the technique according to the present invention, surface coatings with controlled variations in terms of chemical composition, phase composition, porosity, surface roughness, mechanical properties, biocompatibility, etc can be achieved. The method of coating a substrate surface comprising the steps of preparing one powder mixture, or several powder mixtures having different chemical composition, wherein at least one of said powder mixtures comprise a non-hydrated hydraulic ceramic powder binder phase, pre-treating a substrate surface, to increase the adhesion between the substrate and the ceramic coating, applying one or more different layers on top of each other of the non-hydrated powder mixture on the substrate, and finally, hydrating the powder layer/layers in a curing agent containing ions of carbonates, phosphates or fluorides.

Abstract: A method for making moldable material comprises the initial step of providing a composite material comprised in part of an epoxy. A high performance strand is then distributed in the composite material to form a moldable material. Lastly, the moldable material is heated sufficiently to cause the composite material and the high performance strand to stick at least slightly together without melting the epoxy.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a plated product including a basecoat layer, a metal plating layer, and a topcoat layer that are formed on a surface of a base is provided. The method includes the step of forming the basecoat layer and the metal plating layer successively on the surface of the base. The step is followed by removing impurities from the surface of the metal plating layer. The topcoat layer is then formed on the surface of the metal plating layer.

Abstract: A corrosion inhibitor is described which includes several supramolecular oxo-anion compositions useful for preventing the propagation of pit corrosion on aluminum and aluminum alloys. The oxo-anion compositions preferably include soluble polymeric oxidic acids comprising combinations of molybdenum, phosphorous, tungsten, and silicon. These compositions are useful as corrosion inhibitors in high-moisture, corrosive environments, such as radiators and cooling systems. For low-moisture environments, these oxo-anion compositions can be reacted with a counter-ion, such as various metals, including, but not limited to the rear earth metals, to form a soluble salt. The salt can then be adsorbed onto a carrier, such as paint pigments, which can then be applied to the surfaces of aluminum and aluminum alloys. These surface adsorbates then become sparingly soluble and are gradually released over time in the presence of an aqueous corrosive agent so as to prevent propagation of pit corrosion.

Abstract: A process for chemical removal of organically-modified silicate (Ormosil) coatings from aluminum alloy substrates without degradation of the underlying metal. An Ormosil film is treated with a zincate solution. The zincate solution dissolves the Ormosil film and deposits a thin, easily-removed layer of zinc onto the aluminum alloy surface, which prevents base-activated dissolution of the underlying metal. The zinc layer may be removed using dilute phosphoric acid, leaving the surface of the aluminum alloy intact. Consequently, the sol-gel coating may be removed while the integrity of the aluminum alloy substrate is maintained.

Abstract: The invention provides for oxidatively resistant surface coated carbon/carbon composites and other graphite-like material, a method for the preparation of these materials, and their use in high temperature applications, preferably in brake for airplanes. The surface coated carbon/carbon composite or graphite-like material, which is resistant to oxidation at high temperatures comprises a fiber-reinforced carbon/carbon composite or graphite having a First Coating (A) of silicon and/or silicon carbide, and a Second Coating (B) comprising a material containing phosphorus chemically bound to oxygen which is chemically bound to silicon.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing an ultraphobic surface on aluminium as the supporting material and to the resulting surface and its use. According to said method, the surface of an aluminium support is anodized, especially by anodic oxidation, and/or electrochemically pickled in an acid solution with an alternating voltage, treated in hot water or water vapor at a temperature of 50 to 100° C., optionally coated with an adhesion promoter layer and then provided with a hydrophobic or especially oleophobic coating.

Abstract: A method of treating a substrate. The method comprises forming a metal-containing layer on at least a selected portion of the substrate during a substrate cleaning process.

Abstract: Disclosed is an organometallic precursor for forming a metal pattern, having a structure defined by the following Formula 1, and a method of forming the metal pattern using the same, in which the conductive metal pattern is readily formed through an exposing step without using a photo-resist.

Abstract: A method is used to expose a fingerprint on the surface of a metallic object which is covered with a layer of a metallic oxide such as rust. The metallic oxide is dissolved with a reagent which reacts with the metallic oxide. The dissolved metallic oxide is removed from the surface of the metallic object by washing with water to expose the fingerprint and a permanent copy is made of the fingerprint. More specifically, rust from a ferrous object is dissolved with an aqueous acid, the acid and dissolved rust is washed away with water, and a photograph is taken of the exposed fingerprint. The rust can also be dissolved by spraying the rust with a Precision Brand Step #3 Aerosol Rust Inhibitor and Lubricant. The rust can be removed by contacting the rust with a reagent containing a complexing agent for Fe(III) ions.

Abstract: A ceramic product containing at least 70% lithium aluminium silicate of 100% total mass weight percent; and a non-wetting agent in the form of barium sulphate. Most preferably, the lithium aluminium silicate includes petalite in finely divided form which has been fired to a temperature between 1150° C. and 1210° C.

Abstract: The invention encompasses a method for sequentially processing separate sets of wafers within a chamber. Each set is subjected to plasma-enhanced deposition of material within the chamber utilizing a plasma that is primarily inductively coupled. After the plasma-enhanced deposition, and while the set remains within the chamber, the plasma is changed to a primarily capacitively coupled plasma. The cycling of the plasma from primarily inductively coupled to primarily capacitively coupled can increase the ratio of processed wafers to plasma reaction chamber internal sidewall cleanings that can be obtained while maintaining low particle counts on the processed wafers.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of decorating a ceramic substrate. The method according to the invention includes applying a slurry that includes solid particles of at least one color-contributing metal salt dispersed in a saturated solution of at least one color-contributing metal salt having a viscosity of from about 10 to about 20,000 centipoise to a ceramic substrate, applying a solvent to the ceramic substrate in amount sufficient to at least partially dissolve the solid particles, and firing the ceramic substrate. Preferably, the solid particles in the slurry have a diameter of less than about 40 microns. The present invention also provides a porcelain tile decorated in with the method.

Abstract: Forming a protective layer such as chromium, chrome alloys, nickel or cobalt as a cap over an aluminum film protects an underlying ITO layer from corrosion during the fabrication of flat panel displays such as field emission devices and the like. The presence of the protective layer during fabrication processes such as photolithography prevents diffusion of solutions through the aluminum into the ITO. This protective layer is especially effective during the development and resist stripping stages of photolithography which use solutions or solvents that would otherwise cause reductive corrosion of ITO in contact with aluminum. The methods and apparatus described herein are particularly advantageous for the fabrication of flat panel displays such as field emission devices and other display devices, because ITO is often used in such devices in contact with aluminum while exposed to corrosion-inducing media.

Abstract: A surface modification method for an aluminum substrate, which comprises treating a Ni—P plated aluminum substrate with a functional water having a plus or minus oxidation-reduction potential for a predetermined period of time in a washing step after a polishing step of the Ni—P plated aluminum substrate.

Abstract: A process for creating surface microporosity on a titanium (or other metal) medical device includes creating a surface oxide layer on the device; placing the device, which is connected to a negative terminal of an electrical power supply, into a calcium chloride bath; connecting the positive terminal of the power supply to an anode immersed in or containing calcium chloride thereby forming an electrolytic cell; passing current through the cell; removing the device from the bath; and cooling and rinsing the device to remove any surface salt. If necessary, the device is etched to remove metal oxide which may have formed during the cooling process. The resulting device has a microporous surface structure. Alternatively, only a designated surface portion of a medical device is made microporous, either by applying a non-oxidizing mask, removing a portion of the oxide layer, or subtracting a portion of a microporous surface.

Abstract: The following steps are conducted: preparing a metal salt carried-substrate A by soaking a sintered nickel substrate in an acidic solution containing cobalt ions and at least one metal ions of magnesium ions, iron ions and manganese ions, and drying thus soaked substrate; preparing a hydroxide carried-substrate B by soaking the substrate A in an alkaline solution to deposit cobalt hydroxide and at least one metal hydroxide of magnesium hydroxide, iron hydroxide and manganese hydroxide in the pores and on the surface of the substrate A; obtaining an oxide carried-substrate C by oxidizing the cobalt hydroxide to produce cobalt oxide having a mean cobalt valence of over 2; and obtaining an active material carried-substrate D by soaking the substrate C in a solution containing nickel nitrate dissolved therein, drying thus soaked substrate C, and then soaking thus dried substrate C in an alkaline solution, to fill the active material in the substrate C.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an electron source comprised of a substrate and a plurality of electron-emitting devices arrayed upon the substrate. Each electron-emitting device includes an electroconductive film disposed over the substrate, and is manufactured according to a method comprising the steps of (a) applying a solution containing a metal compound to the substrate, and (b) applying another solution selected from the group consisting of (i) a solution containing at least one component effective to decompose the metal compound and (ii) a solution containing a resin.

Abstract: A hydrophilic coating can be optionally corrosion resistant and/or microbial resistant for a substrate such as a heat exchanger. The coating is provided by a zeolite layer that can be formed from a synthesis solution comprising a structure directing agent, a base, a silicon source, an aluminum source, and a solvent. In one preferred embodiment, the synthesis solution comprises tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, aluminum oxide, tetraethylorthosilicate, and water. The layer is characterized by a zeolite MFI structure and by a composition having the formula of Mn/m[AlnSi(96−n)O192], or [AlnSi(96−n)O192]·4[(CH3CH2CH2)4N—OH] wherein M is a metal ion of valence m+ (e.g., Na+) and 27>n>=0. After formation of the coating, the organic structure directing agent can be left intact inside the zeolite coating to make the coating corrosion resistant.

Abstract: An article is protected with a wear-resistant coating. The wear-coated article is thereafter treated to produce a chemical conversion coating on any portions of the surface of the article accessible through micropores in the wear-resistant coating. For steel articles, the wear-resistant coating is preferably a titanium nitride-based intermetallic compound such as TiN, Ti2N, (TiAl)N, Ti(CN), (TiAl)(CN), ZrN, and CrN, and the chemical conversion coating is preferably a phosphate-based compound.

Abstract: The invention provides an anti-thrombogenic material and methods for manufacturing anti-thrombogenic materials. The anti-thrombogenic material of the invention is particularly suited for coating the surface substrate of medical devices which come into contact with blood and biomedical tissues. The surface of the substrate, which may be made of pure titanium or titanium alloy, is provided with a porous layer having an irregular pore structure made of alkaline titanate. With this structure, it is possible to suppress the formation of fibrin induced by activation of the blood coagulation factor such as fibrinogen on the blood contact surface by coating the surface with alkaline titanate, and also to suppress the adhesion and activation of platelets. Moreover, since titanium and titanium alloy are inert for a living body and have favorable familiarity with it and also have large strength, the materials can be used to produce anti-thrombogenic medical devices of an implantable type.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nanoporous dielectric films and to a process for their manufacture. A substrate having a plurality of raised lines on its surface is provided with a relatively high porosity, low dielectric constant, silicon containing polymer composition positioned between the raised lines and a relatively low porosity, high dielectric constant, silicon containing composition positioned on the lines.

Abstract: Disclosed is a powder consisting of composite barium titanate particles having surface deposition of a water-insoluble rare earth compound such as yttrium oxide. The powder is used advantageously as a base material for the preparation of a sintered body such as ceramic capacitors of small thickness or compact size as compared with conventional powder blends of barium titanate particles and yttrium oxide particles in respect of greatly improved uniformity in the distribution of the yttrium element. The composite barium titanate particles with surface deposition of yttrium oxide can be prepared by conducting hydrolysis of urea in an aqueous medium containing a water-soluble yttrium salt dissolved therein in the presence of barium titanate particles to deposit basic yttrium carbonate on the particle surface followed by calcination of the particles to convert the basic yttrium carbonate into yttrium oxide.

Abstract: A method for decontaminating a surface includes the steps of bringing a surface of a component formed of an unalloyed steel or a low-alloy steel into contact with a solution containing an oxalic acid for dissolving a contaminated layer from the component. Ions of divalent iron in the solution instantly form a protective layer on exposed surfaces. Iron(III) oxalate is converted into iron(II) oxalate and carbon dioxide by irradiation with UV light in order to provide ions of divalent iron. Subsequent to dissolving the contaminated layer, the protective layer is dissolved by lowering the level of the ions of the divalent iron in the solution. The ions of the divalent iron and the substance having caused the contaminated layer are bound to an ion exchange resin.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of wet processing electronic components having surfaces containing tantalum. In the methods of the present invention, tantalum-containing electronic components are contacted with a tantalum processing fluid comprising a tantalum oxidizing solution containing an oxidizing agent and a fluorine ion producing agent.

Abstract: A conversion coating solution and process forms a stable and corrosion-resistant layer on metal substrates or layers or, more preferably, on a boehmite layer or other base conversion coating. The conversion coating process involves contacting the substrate, layer or coating with an aqueous alkali metal isomolybdate solution in order to convert the surface of the substrate, layer or coating to a stable conversion coating. The aqueous alkali metal molybdates are selected from sodium molybdate (Na2MoO4), lithium molybdate (Li2MoO4), potassium molybdate (K2MoO4), or combinations thereof, with the most preferred alkali metal molybdate being sodium molybdate. The concentration of alkali metal molybdates in the solution is preferably less than 5% by weight.

Abstract: The anticorrosive properties of a coating autodeposited on a metal substrate are improved by contacting the autodeposited coating with an aqueous solution containing Group IIA or Group IIB metal cations (e.g., calcium or zinc cations) and phosphate anions prior to curing. The rinse solution is preferably acidic and can be prepared, for example, from calcium nitrate and an oxy acid of phosphorus or zinc dihydrogen phosphate. Optionally, the rinse solution also includes an accelerator such as hydroxylamine.

Abstract: Electrolessly plated Ni—P amorphous coatings having an increased magnetic transformation temperature and ultra smooth surface are achieved employing a plating bath containing Al and/or Cu ions. Embodiments include electrolessly depositing an amorphous Ni—P coating exhibiting a magnetic transformation temperature of at least 330° C. proximate a laser textured protrusion.

Abstract: A substrate includes a non-conductive portion to be electroless-plated of a substrate, on the surface of which fine metal catalyst particles composed of silver nuclei and palladium nuclei each having an average particle size of 1 nm or less adhere at a high nuclei density of 2000 nuclei/&mgr;m2 or more. The metal catalyst particles are produced by sensitizing the non-conductive portion of the substrate by dipping the substrate in a sensitizing solution containing bivalent tin ions, activating the non-conductive portion of the substrate by dipping the substrate in a first activator containing silver ions, and activating the non-conductive portion of the substrate by dipping the substrate in a second activator containing palladium ions.

Abstract: A conversion coating process that forms a stable and corrosion-resistant oxide layer on metal or metal oxide substrates or layers. Particularly, the conversion coating process involves contacting the metal or metal oxide substrate or layer with the aqueous calcium hydroxide solutions in order to convert the surface of the substrate to a stable metal oxide layer or coating. According to the present invention, the calcium hydroxide solution is prepared by removing carbon dioxide from water or an aqueous solution before introducing the calcium hydroxide. In this manner, formation of calcium carbonate particles is avoided and the porosity of the conversion coating produced by the calcium hydroxide solution is reduced to below about 1%.

Abstract: A process for enhancing the solderability of a surface, particularly copper surfaces upon printed circuit boards, is disclosed. The surface is plated using a silver plating solution. The plated surface is then further treated with a solution that comprises an organic heterocyclic mercapto compound and most preferably an alkali metal hydroxide.

Abstract: Disclosed are processes and compositions of solutions for chromate-replacement coatings for aluminum and aluminum alloys. A preferred method includes forming a boehmite coating layer that includes Al (III) ions on an aluminum surface, and applying an ionic conversion coating solution to the coating layer. The ionic conversion coating solution comprises hexavalent and trivalent ions. The trivalent ions are selected from the group consisting of Ce, Ga, Mn, Sc, Ti, Te and V. The hexavalent ions are selected from the group consisting of Mn, Mo, Se and W. It is contended that the resulting coatings provide corrosion resistance and self-healing effect in any defects present in the coatings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for making a protective coating containing silicon carbide on at least a portion of the surface of a substrate made from a material with a softening temperature that is above the temperature applied to make the protective coating, where silicon is deposited on the portion of the surface of the substrate and where, under vacuum or in an inert atmosphere, the substrate is heated to a temperature above the melting point of silicon, and the silicon is brought to reaction with carbon that is contained in a porous coating. The surface of the object to be coated is initially provided with a porous carbon coating with an open porosity in a range between 40 and 95%, where said porous carbon coating is covered with a uniform coating of silicon, where the ratio in percent of mass (Ma-%) of the applied silicon to that of the carbon in the porous carbon coating is greater than 2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for making a protective coating containing silicon carbide on at least a portion of the surface of a substrate made from a material with a softening temperature that is above the temperature applied to make the protective coating, where silicon is deposited on the portion of the surface of the substrate that is to be provided with a protective coating and where, under vacuum or in an inert atmosphere, the substrate is heated to a temperature above the melting point of silicon, is brought to reaction with carbon that is contained in a porous coating and is thereafter cooled down, wherein to achieve a homogeneous protective coating of silicon carbide and free silicon the part of the surface of the object to be coated is initially provided with a porous carbon coating with an open porosity in a range between 40 and 95%, where said porous carbon coating is covered with a uniform coating of silicon, where the ratio in percent of mass (Ma-%) of the applied silicon to that o