Abstract: The invention relates to a process for protecting the surface of an SiC substrate. This process comprises deposition of a temporary protection layer with a thickness equal to at least two monolayers on the surface of the substrate to be protected, the protection layer being composed of gallium nitride. Advantageously, the protection layer of gallium nitride may be obtained by depositing gallium on the surface of the substrate, followed by nitridation of the gallium layer formed. The invention also relates to an “epiready” substrate. This substrate comprises an SiC substrate for which at least one surface is covered by a temporary protection layer, the said layer being composed of GaN and being two monolayers thick.

Abstract: A method for coating substrates with calcium phosphate. The aim of the method is to be able to carry out a simple coating for all materials as well as for particles. To this end, the substrate to be coated is placed in a calcium phosphate gel, whereupon this substrate that is coated with the gel is dried. Afterwards, the calcium phosphate particles not adhering to the substrate are removed. The substrate can also be placed inside a colloidal solution of SiO2 containing a calcium phosphate, whereupon the mixture is constantly set in motion, the solvent is removed, and the substrate is provided with a calcium phosphate layer by condensing the colloidal SiO2 on the surface of the substrate. The coated substrates can, particularly when it concerns coated particles, be used as a bone substitute material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a coating liquid which is excellent in stabilities and capable of being stably ejected by an ejection equipment and suppressing variation in film thickness inside a film or between films, in application for various uses, a film production method, a production method of a functional device, and a functional device, using the coating liquid. The present invention is a coating liquid comprising a mixed solvent and a functional material, wherein the mixed solvent comprises a first solvent constituted by a compound having two or more aromatic rings such as diphenyl sulfide, diphenylmethane, diphenyl ether, and a symmetric structure and another solvent constituted by a compound having an aromatic ring such as xylene, and a proportion by volume of the another solvent is 90% or less in the mixed solvent.

Abstract: Powder overspray that is extracted from a spray booth is recovered back to a powder supply that is used to supply powder to the spray guns inside the spray booth. The powder overspray extracted from the booth is separated from the high flow air stream by a separator such as a cyclone separator. The powder falls into a transfer pan and a vacuum is used to convey the powder from the transfer pan to a vacuum receiver. The powder is then discharged to the feed hopper in the feed center. The use of a vacuum to convey powder from the cyclone to the feed center in effect permits substantially all of the powder overspray to be recovered from the spray booth directly to the feed hopper with minimal dwell or residence time within the cyclone or vacuum receiver subsystems during a spraying operation. The receiver can be rotated for easy cleaning, and the vacuum line cleaned by one or more cleaning elements drawn through the vacuum line.

Abstract: There is disclosed a film forming method comprising continuously discharging a solution adjusted so as to spread over a substrate by a given amount to the substrate through a discharge port disposed in a nozzle, moving the nozzle and substrate with respect to each other, and holding the supplied solution onto the substrate to form a liquid film, wherein a distance h between the discharge port of the nozzle and the substrate is set to be not less than 2 mm and to be in a range less than 5×10?5 q? (mm) given with respect to a surface tension ? (N/m) of the solution, discharge speed q (m/sec) of the solution continuously discharged through the discharge port, and a constant of 5×10?5 (m·sec/N)

Abstract: Filter systems that are effective against a broad range of contaminants including HCN, cyanogen chloride (CK), acid contaminants. and basic contaminants such as ammonia without the need (but with the option, if desired) for using molybdenum or chromium containing materials. The filtering systems of the present invention include a tungsten-based material and other impregnants incorporated into a substrate such as filter media particles.

Abstract: The present invention is a gas turbine engine turbine blade comprising an airfoil section having at least an exterior surface, a platform section having an exterior surface, an under platform section having an exterior surface, and a dovetail section having an exterior surface, the exterior surface of the dovetail section comprising a shank exterior surface and a serrated exterior surface.

Abstract: A process for covering at least a portion of an article with covering material, applying a wet material composition between the cover material and a core material of the article, and de-watering the wet material to form a reinforcing layer.

Abstract: A method of finishing a barrier fabric includes applying a non-aqueous solution of low surface tension solvent and fluorochemical repellent to a barrier fabric, subjecting the barrier fabric to conditions sufficient to remove the solvent from the barrier fabric, and applying an aqueous-based antistat to a surface of the barrier fabric. The low surface tension solvent substantially covers all fibers in the barrier fabric with the fluorochemical repellent. The antistat is prevented by the fluorochemical from migrating from the surface to which it is applied.

Abstract: In drying a coating liquid such as a resist applied to a substrate under reduced pressure, a coating film in a peripheral portion tends to lose good shape regardless of duration of a drying period, and it is difficult to set an appropriate exhaust flow rate. After the substrate is loaded in an airtight container, a pressure is reduced from atmospheric pressure to a pressure slightly higher than the vapor pressure of a solvent, for example. Then, the solvent actively evaporates from the coating liquid. Here, evacuation is performed initially based on a first flow rate set value Q1, and thereafter, it is performed based on a second flow rate set value larger than Q1. Rounding of the surface in the peripheral portion is corrected by evacuation based on Q1, and more active evaporation of a solvent component is attained by switching to Q2.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a stucco wall structure for a building. The wall substrate is arranged for receipt of subsequent layers of surface material. The margin or periphery of said wall to be treated has a screed attached thereto. A sprayed-on coating of urethane is applied onto the wall substrate between the screeds to insure continuous bonding and adherency to the substrate. A first layer of polymer-based base coat and mesh covering is applied to the sprayed-on coating of urethane to provide anchoring and adhesion of a subsequent layer of stucco. An outer layer of stucco applied over the first layer of polymer-based base coat as a final coat thereon.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a processing method for processing a substrate, and comprises a step of coating a coating solution on a surface of the substrate while relatively moving a coating solution discharge nozzle and the substrate and discharging the coating solution from the nozzle onto the substrate. Thereafter, the substrate is exposed to a solvent atmosphere of the coating solution or the pressure is temporarily applied thereto in a container. Thereafter, the pressure inside the container in which the substrate is housed is reduced to dry the coating solution on the substrate. According to the present invention, it is possible to narrow the so-called edge cutting width, which is at a periphery part of the substrate and is not commercialized, and to maintain an in-plane uniformity of the coating film.

Abstract: A new method is proposed for the production of plane-parallel platelets, comprising the steps a) vapor-deposition, at a pressure below atmospheric pressure, of a separating agent onto a carrier to produce a separating agent layer, b) vapor-deposition, at a pressure below atmospheric pressure, of at least one product layer onto the separating agent layer, c) dissolution of the separating agent layer in a solvent and production of a suspension in which the at least one product layer is present in the form of plane-parallel platelets, in which method the separating agent is selected from the group consisting of anthracene, anthraquinone, acetamidophenol, acetylsalicylic acid, camphoric anhydride, benzimidazole, benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid, biphenyl-2,2-dicarboxylic acid, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-sulfone, dihydroxyanthraquinone, hydantoin, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid monohydrate, 4-hydroxycoumarin, 7-hydroxycoumarin, 3-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid, isophthalic acid, 4,4-meth

Abstract: A preform and method for forming preforms and structural members are provided. The preform can be formed by cold spraying a structural material onto a base member, such that the preform has dimensions approximating the dimensions of the machined structural member to thereby reduce material waste and machining time when forming the structural member from the preform. In addition, the preforms can be plastically deformed to more closely correspond with the desired dimensions of the structural member. Further, hydrogen can be provided in a mixed stream of gas and structural material for spraying, and the resulting structural member can be subjected to a sub-atmospheric pressure to release hydrogen therefrom.

Abstract: The coating apparatus and method enable the coating liquid having been scraped-off to be reused without doing any one of the fluid adjusting treatment and the filtering treatment, while maintaining the features of the scraping-off type of extrusion coater, which is suitable for obtaining a uniform and extremely thin coating film. The coating head is provided with two slits: a coating slit and a recovering slit, and the excessive coating liquid having been discharged through the coating slit and applied to the web is scraped-off and recovered through the recovering slit.

Abstract: A process for coating the inner wall surface of a thin tube having an inside diameter of 0.2 to 5 mm with a resin. The tube is first filled with a resin particulate dispersion. The dispersion filling the tube is held therein by its surface tension and does not flow out. A heater is positioned about the upper end of the tube and is moved down toward its lower end to heat the tube and thereby cause minute resin particles to adhere to its inner wall surface. Then, the tube is heated in a furnace and is cooled to have its inner wall surface coated with the resin.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward a method for reducing pattern distortions in imprinting layers by reducing gas pockets present in a layer of viscous liquid deposited on a substrate. To that end, the method includes varying a transport of the gases disposed proximate to the viscous liquid. Specifically, the atmosphere proximate to the substrate wherein a pattern is to be recorded is saturated with gases that are either highly soluble, highly diffusive, or both with respect to the viscous liquid being deposited. Additionally, or in lieu of saturating the atmosphere, the pressure of the atmosphere may be reduced.

Abstract: In a method and an apparatus for coating an object with photosensitive material, a roller stabilizes a supply amount of the photosensitive material and is disposed between the object and a slit coater, so that the stabilized photosensitive material is supplied to the object through the slit coater. The photosensitive material includes additives for controlling amount of a solid powder, a boiling point and a surface tension thereof. Accordingly, the photosensitive material may be uniformly coated on the object.

Abstract: A method for reducing the dimension of a patterned organic photoresist area by reducing the pressure of a reactive environment surrounding the patterned photoresist to cause outgasing. The outgased materials CxHyOz are then decomposed in the reactive environment leaving the outgased photoresist porous. The environment surrounding the patterned photoresist is then increased to atmospheric pressure, which compresses or shrinks the porous photoresist. Photoresist lines having a dimension as small as about 0.085 ?m can be obtained.

Abstract: A method for making a field emission cold cathode for use in vacuum tubes. A carbon velvet material is coated with a low work function cesiated salt and bonded to a cathode surface. Alternatively, the carbon velvet material is bonded to the cathode surface before being coated with the cesiated salt. The coating may be applied by spraying the carbon velvet material with a cesiated salt solution, or by dipping the material into a crucible of molten cesiated salt. This abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract, and is intended to allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning the claims.

Abstract: The wafer coated with the resist is deliberately placed in the vapor before being transferred to an aligner that exposes the resist on the wafer, the vapor, for example, the moisture, uniformly adheres onto the resist on the wafer. As a result, the substrate can uniformly be exposed in the following exposing process, and the uniformity of the line width and the like can be improved.

Abstract: A method for forming a film using a rotating cup application apparatus in which a rotatable inner cup is provided within an outer cup, the upper openings of the inner cup and the outer cup are closed with corresponding lids, and the lid for the inner cup is integrally rotated together with the inner cup, the method comprising the steps of setting a material to be treated, on which wiring layers have been formed, in the rotating cup application apparatus, applying SOG onto the surface of the material to be treated, thereafter closing the upper openings of the inner cup and the outer cup with the lids, rotating the inner cup in this state to thereby uniformly diffusing the SOG, repeating the SOG application and diffusing steps, and thereafter baking the material to be treated in a heat treatment apparatus.

Abstract: Single wafer processing methods and systems for manufacturing films having low-k properties and low indices of refraction. The methods incorporate a processing station in which both curing and post-cure, in situ gas cooling take place.

Abstract: Use of photocatalytic preparations of colloidal titanium dioxide optionally doped with a metal chosen from groups I-VA, and the lanthanide and actinide series of the periodic table, for preserving the original appearance of cementitious, stone, and marble products.

Abstract: A method of treating substrates, such as wood, including the steps of applying an alkali silicate solution to one or more substrates and applying an alkali borate solution with boric oxide (B2O3) content to the substrates. Substrates that have been treated using the present method include a borate-silicate polymer within the substrate. When the present substrates are wood, wood products, or green lumber, they may be used to build structures.

Abstract: A method is described for closing openings in a film, for example, in microelectronic process technology, whereby substantially no deposition material passes through the openings, which can be important if fragile micro devices are positioned under the openings. The closure of these openings can cause an underlying cavity to be hermetically sealed, in which an object can be located. In particular the method provides a way for hermetically sealing cavities under controlled atmosphere and pressure in the encapsulation and sealing processes of cavities comprising fragile content. The cavities may comprise for example Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS).

Abstract: A friction lining for wet running consists of a fabric which can be applied to a carrier (6) and is partly impregnated with resin. In order to provide favorable friction conditions it is proposed that the porosity of the fabric (1) impregnated with resin is higher in the zone of the friction face (4) by a lower resin content in a surface layer (h) than in the remaining layer.

Abstract: A composite crucible for pulling up monocrystalline silicon, which is superior in shape stability and suitable for a large-sized one is provided. The composite crucible is characterized in that a carbonaceous material as an outer layer and a quartz glass as an inner layer are integrally formed. Methods for preparing and regenerating a composite crucible are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process of coating a refractory turbine part with a protective coating which is ultimately diffusion bonded to the part. A slurry coating material is prepared from a mixture of a silicon alkyd paint and suspended particles of an aluminum or aluminum alloy powder. Parts may be dipped in the slurry and subsequently be heat treated in selected atmospheres and temperatures to diffuse the coating into the surface of the part.

Abstract: A metal compound solution in the atomized state is introduced directly into a film-forming chamber of which the pressure is maintained at about 100 Torr or lower by mean of a two-fluid nozzle to form a complex oxide thin-film. For use in the two-fluid nozzle, gases including an oxidative gas are used. To dissolve the metal compound, a solvent having a boiling point under ordinary pressure of about 100° C. or higher is used.

Abstract: This invention is directed to apparatus and a method for removing particles from a surface, such as a semiconductor wafer. A fluid is applied to the surface on which the particles are distributed so as to coat the particles with the fluid. At least some of these particles have a dimension of less than approximately one micron. A suction force is applied in the vicinity of the surface after applying the fluid so as to remove from the surface the majority of those particles having the dimension of less than approximately one micron.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of forming thick films of crystalline YBa2Cu3O7 that includes forming a precursor film comprising barium fluoride (BaF2), yttrium (Y) and copper (Cu). The precursor film is heat-treated at a temperature above 500° C. in the presence of oxygen, nitrogen and water vapor at sub-atmospheric pressure to form a crystalline structure. The crystalline structure is then annealed at about 500° C. in the presence of oxygen to form the crystalline YBa2Cu3O7 film. The YBa2Cu3O7 film formed by this method has a resistivity of from about 100 to about 600 &mgr;Ohm-cm at room temperature and a critical current density measured at 77 K in a magnetic field of 1 Tesla of about 1.0×105 Ampere per square centimeter (0.1 MA/cm2) or greater.

Abstract: A method of forming a photo-catalytic film made of titanium oxide on a base material based on a simple process at low temperatures, particularly a method of forming a laminated material comprising photo-catalytic film of titanium oxide formed on a base material is provided. A method of forming a photo-catalytic film made of titanium oxide on a base material includes a treating process, in which photo-catalytic film of titanium oxide is formed on a base material and irradiated with UV light in vacuum or in an atmosphere of reducing gas at a temperature maintained between 25° C. and below 300° C.

Abstract: A method of reducing resistance for a conductive film based on simple process at low temperatures, particularly a method of reducing resistance for a conductive film formed on a base of plastic resins is provided. A method of reducing resistance for a conductive film formed on a base material includes a treating process, in which a conductive film made of metal oxide is formed on a base material and irradiated with UV light in vacuum or in an atmosphere of reducing gas maintaining the temperature between 25° C. and 300° C.

Abstract: Device for filling multiple blind holes. The invention involves a device that permits the filling of blind holes in an effective and controlled manner. It is composed of a mobile body (1) in airtight contact with the surface (10) containing the hole openings. The body (1) contains two slots, the first (2) of which is kept airtight from the exterior of the device and from the second slot (5), is separate and parallel to the direction of travel of the device, and is larger than the largest opening. The first slot exposed to the openings while moving is connected to a vacuum chamber (3), while the second slot exposed to the openings is connected to a reservoir (6) containing the product (7) to be transferred.

Abstract: In a wet friction material and a method therefor of the present invention, an excessive binder coating on the outermost surface layer of the friction material is removed or prevented while at least one of impregnation, drying and setting of a binder, and further the surface of the friction material is smoothed by means of heating, pressurizing and molding.

Abstract: The present invention relates to ionically and covalently cross-linked polymers and polymer membranes having recurrent units of the general formula (1), wherein Q is a link, oxygen, sulfur, (2) or (3) and the R radical is a divalent radical of an aromatic or heteroaromatic compound, and which are characterized in that a) R radical comprises at least partially substituents of general formula (4A), (4B), (4C), (4D), (4E), (4F), (4G) and/or (4H), b) R radical comprises at least partially substituents of the general formula (5A) and/or (5B) and/or the R radical is at least partially a group of the general formula (5C) and/or (5D) and c) the R radical comprises at least partially bridges of the general formula (6) linking at least to R radicals together, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, M, X, Y, Z and m having the herein-mentioned meanings.

Abstract: The coating apparatus and method enable the coating liquid having been scraped-off to be reused without doing any one of the fluid adjusting treatment and the filtering treatment, while maintaining the features of the scraping-off type of extrusion coater, which is suitable for obtaining a uniform and extremely thin coating film. The coating head is provided with two slits: a coating slit and a recovering slit, and the excessive coating liquid having been discharged through the coating slit and applied to the web is scraped-off and recovered through the recovering slit.

Abstract: A method for coating a building product in which a coating formulation is provided which includes an hydraulic binder and a quantity of dewatering agent. A slurry is produced from said formulation and applied to the product to be coated. The resultant coating is then dewatered through said product. Dewatering can be accomplished with or without vacuum assistance. The method is suitable for producing a composite product which comprises a base structural layer with the coating thereon.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for coating a cylindrical carrier structure with a predetermined amount (target take-up) of a coating suspension, wherein the carrier structure has a cylinder axis, two end faces, an encasing face and an axial length L and a large number of channels running from the first end face to the second end face. The process comprises: a) vertically aligning the cylinder axis of the carrier structure and filling the empty volume of the channels up to a predetermined height H1 starting from the lower end face, b) removing the excess coating suspension through the lower end face of the carrier structure down to the target take-up, c) turning the carrier structure 180°, so that the upper and lower end faces are exchanged one for the other, and d) repeating steps a) and b), wherein the height H2, up to which the channels are filled in this case is given by H2=L−x·H1 where x is between 0.8 and 1.0.

Abstract: A method for coating an ink jet printhead with an ink-phobic coating includes applying the coating to an outer surface of the printhead and then drawing or forcing the coating through the apertures of the printhead, preferably with a vacuum. The method coats and renders ink-phobic not only the outer surface, but also the inside surfaces of the apertures. The ink-phobic coating may contain an amorphous fluoropolymer.

Abstract: A metal oxide electrode coated with a porous metal film, a metal oxide film or a carbon film, its fabrication method and a lithium-ion secondary battery using it are disclosed. The porous thin film of Li, Al, Sn, Bi, Si, Sb, Ni, Cu, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Zn, Mo, W, Ag, Au, Pt, Ir, Ru, carbon or their alloys are coated to a few Řa few &mgr;m, so as to remarkably improve the capacity of a battery, high rate charging and discharging characteristics and a durability characteristic. The method can be applied to a fabrication of every secondary battery.

Abstract: A method for depositing a conductive paste is disclosed. The method comprises aligning apertures in a stencil with conductive regions on a circuit structure, and screening conductive paste into apertures in the stencil. Conductive paste present in the stencil apertures is pushed through the stencil apertures using a pressurized fluid or an array of pin bodies.

Abstract: The present invention has several plausible embodiments. In one embodiment an apparatus for coating a medical device is provided. This apparatus includes a coating chamber, a vibrating structure within the coating chamber the vibrating structure capable of suspending a medical device positioned in the coating chamber, and a coating source, the coating source positioned to introduce coating into the coating chamber. In another embodiment a method of coating a medical device is provided. This method includes moving a medical device into a predetermined coating area, vibrating a structure below the medical device, the vibration of the structure forcing the medical device away from the vibrating structure, and coating at least a portion of the medical device that has moved away from the vibrating structure.

Abstract: A titanium target assembly includes a titanium sputtering target, a copper or copper alloy backing plate and serving as a support member for the target and a silver or silver alloy coating film and formed between the target and backing plate. The coating film is formed on a surface subjected to cleaning treatment on the bonding side or sides of the target and backing plate by physical vapor deposition. The titanium target and backing plate are solid phase diffusion bonded. The face(s) serve as the bonding plane. The assembly can be manufactured by cleaning the surface(s) of the target and/or backing plate on bonding side(s), forming a coating film on the cleaned surface(s) on bonding side(s) and solid phase diffusion-bonding the target and backing plate, while using surface(s) provided with coated film as the bonding plane. The target assembly possesses high bonding strength and excellent bonding stability and reliability.

Abstract: A thermal barrier coating (TBC) system and method for forming the coating system on a component. The method generally entails forming a TBC on the surface of the component so that the TBC has at least an outer portion that is resistant to infiltration by CMAS. The TBC is formed by co-depositing first and second ceramic compositions by physical vapor deposition so that the entire TBC has columnar grains and at least the outer portion of the TBC is a mixture of the first and second ceramic compositions. The outer portion is preferably a continuation of the inner portion, such that the TBC is not characterized by discrete inner and outer coatings. The second ceramic composition serves to increase the resistance of the outer portion of the TBC to infiltration by molten CMAS. A platinum-group metal may be co-deposited with the first and second ceramic compositions, or deposited before the TBC and then diffused into the outer portion as a result of the parameters employed in the deposition process.

Abstract: Disclosed is a film-forming method, comprising dispensing from a dispenser nozzle a coating solution, which is prepared by adding a solid component to a solvent and controlled to be spread on the substrate in a predetermined range, onto a target substrate to be processed while relatively moving the dispenser nozzle and the target substrate so as to form a liquid film on the entire surface of the target substrate, and arranging a sucking nozzle above and apart from the target substrate such that the sucking nozzle is not in contact with the surface of the liquid film so as to permit the sucking nozzle to suck the solvent vapor right under the sucking nozzle while moving the sucking nozzle relative to the target substrate, thereby removing the solvent from the liquid film and, thus, forming a coated film.

Abstract: Single wafer processing methods and systems for manufacturing films having low-k properties and low indices of refraction. The methods incorporate a processing station in which both curing and post-cure, in situ gas cooling take place.

Abstract: In processing a substrate, adsorption members provided on a table play an important role in whether “indirectly influenced marks” are left on the rear surface of the substrate. Groups of adsorption members are selected in a predetermined order for use in the adsorption operation. Adsorption at a first group of members is terminated before an “indirectly influenced mark” is left on the substrate, and another adsorption operation is initiated at a second group of members. In this manner, the substrate is held on the table by migrating adsorption sites on the rear surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A method for coating an article includes preparing a coating precursor paint including aluminum-containing pigment particles, a temporary organic binder comprising an acrylic, and a solvent for the temporary organic binder. The coating precursor paint is applied to a surface of the article and thereafter heated to a temperature of from about 1200° F. to about 2100° F. in a non-oxidizing environment.